Elon Musk and His Power -- Should Canada Be Worried?
00:00 And hello there, Peter Mansbridge here. You're just moments away from the latest episode of the bridge. Can Canada, should Canada, trust Elon Musk and his Starlink and Star Shield Systems? That's coming up with Dr. Janice Stein in just a moment. And hello there. Welcome to a new week. It's Monday. And yes, I've got a cold. Actually, I think it's, you know, I've got the flu.
00:39 I've just been back and forth to Scotland over the last couple of months. It's kind of rampant in parts of Scotland right now. But also, you're at all. So it's not much fun. And that's why my voice sounds a little different than normal. But hopefully not too different. And hopefully you'll be, bear with me over the next few days. I've got to get this cleared up by next week,
01:11 because next week is book launch week for a noble profession. My latest book along with my co-author, Mark Bulguch. Mark will be on the show on Wednesday, this Wednesday, on the bridge, with our first kind of preview of the book. Then we go into the full-fledged book tour, well, almost full-fledged book tour next week, organized by Simon & Schuster. at the moment it's not fully across the country.
01:47 You know, with any like we may be able to change that. But I'll be in, you know, Toronto, London, Ontario, Ottawa, Halifax, Montreal, Winnipeg, Calgary. Haven't got to the West Coast yet. I mean, I'll be doing some radio interviews. But for actual book signing. moments. That hasn't happened yet in BC, but hopefully we'll see what happens in the next
02:19 little while. But we're looking forward to talking about the book, which we will do on Wednesday of this week. One other thing of note, as you know, there's been a lot of big elections in Canada in the last, well, certainly in the last couple of weeks. Quebec, Alberta, the referendum vote, and BC on the weekend. we've talked about these a lot. We'll talk about them again tomorrow on the Moore-Buds conversation
02:49 as we talk about both Alberta and BC with a little longer perspective than some of the original discussions we've had on that, given the times of the last week. So we're looking forward to that discussion with James Moore and Jerry Butts. Butts. But there's something else that's happened. in terms of Canadians voting.
03:15 And those have been the municipal elections that have been happening in a lot of different parts of the country at different times over the last few weeks. And, well, for an example, here in Ontario, the municipal elections are on today right across the province. So that's a lot of different votes for mayors and counselors and various other different municipal election. And I want you to know, as I think you do, but to remember how important these votes are. You know, over my time as a journalist, I found that the impact of decisions at the municipal level is far greater to you as an individual than any of the other votes. You know, they deal with your, you know, roads, garbage pickup. water, school boards, all of this stuff. You know, it directly affects you and your family.
04:27 But municipal elections don't tend to get those kind of high turnout rates. That's really too bad. You know, part of your responsibility as a citizen is to vote. It's one of the wonderful opportunities we get in the system we live in. We get to determine who should represent us best. at all different levels of government. So if you, for example, today live in Ontario, get out and vote. I mean, think about what you're doing.
05:03 Do a little bit of research. Determine who you want to vote for. And away you go. All right. Question of the week. It's an ask-me-anything week. We still have quite a few left from the time before. we don't get to as many questions on an Ask Me Anything week
05:29 because I got to give you answers, right? So that takes up some of the time as well. But Ask Me Anything is the question of the week as this is the last Thursday of the month, which we always reserve for Ask Me Anythings. Normal rules apply, no more than 75 words. Have your answer in by 3 p.m. Wednesday
05:56 um include your name the location you're writing from and uh ask me anything is the question and you know I'll be as honest as I can in answering what I can
06:19 so go ahead and fire away uh so let's get to let's get to Dr. Stein I know how popular this segment is each Monday with all of you and so you look forward to it and today's topic, there's a couple of topics in here
06:42 but we're going to start on the Elon Musk question. So bear with me as I staggered through the flu and talk to the great Dr. Janice Stein. And why don't we do that right now? All right Janice. I want to start on Elon Musk. Will you explain to me the whole Starlink thing
07:11 and how it has become a major, you know, it's been an issue all along in Ukraine, but over these last couple of weeks, it's really turned in many ways against Elon Musk and watching him scramble to try and defend his position. But will you try and explain it to me? I will. You're right.
07:35 This is not a new issue. This starts with Elon Musk doing what nobody else could do. This is probably the most innovative company that Elon Musk ever created. Tesla doesn't even hold a candle to this. What he did was build the launch capacity and rockets that can go into low orbit space, right? And he has sent up. Hundreds and hundreds and hundreds of these rockets. So he has both intelligence capability because somebody see and the other, the satellites that stay up,
08:16 and then the other thing they do, it's the GPS of the world. It's the easiest way you'll explain this, because it allows you to communicate. And I think many Canadians will get that story because, many of us live in big cities and then you go 90 kilometers outside the city and you can't get any wireless reception so you buy Starlink Terminal and Magic you're connected right so this changes the game for everybody because we have private ownership of what is an absolutely critical ability both in the private sector and in the public sector. sector to do all the things that we do online.
09:04 It's as simple as that. Now, the Ukrainians aren't especially, and he divided his company and renamed a part, which is where the story really is. There's Starlink, which does just communications. It's for the civilian sector. But a few years ago, he created Star Shield, which is exclusively for military operations.
09:31 And that's what Ukraine has been running its attack drones on, on Star Shield. It's faster than Starlink. And that is allegedly controlled by the U.S. government. Okay. It takes orders from the president. He still owns it. So here's what we get into the really murky story here. All of a sudden, last week, Ukraine says the drones are falling out of the sky.
10:07 Where did this happen? So that's the first question. Did it happen on Starlink or on Star Shield? If it was on Starlink, that's Elon Musk making a call. If it's Star Shield, it's Donald Trump or somebody else in the U.S. government making a call to Elon Musk. It was so marque, Peter. there were reports of a call between the president
10:34 and Elon Musk. No readout, as we say, because it's a call from a president to a private citizen, so you don't know. And finally, after a week of this, in which Ukrainians could not fly
10:50 their drones at a fast enough speed, one, to attack Russian infrastructure, and be to take, take out some of the thousands of drones and ballistic missiles that are coming at Ukraine now in devastating infrastructure.
11:09 Okay, Elon Musk finally issues the statement, and I'm really interested. And he said, well, we took down Starlink in Ukraine because they violate, because Ukraine violated the terms of service, Starlink's communication, you can't use that for offensive drone attacks. Well, except the Ukrainian said, that's not true. We were not using Starlink
11:41 for drone attacks. We were using Star Shield. And when the service finally came back up two days ago, the Ukrainian said, Star Shield is back up now at regular speeds that we can use.
11:57 Now, why does this matter? whether it's Starlink or Star Shield, it matters hugely. If it's Starlink, UCWR, if it's Starlink, Vats Elon Musk, a mega billionaire, which he is, the richest man in the world, apparently, using his private assets to affect, frankly, to intervene in a war. And boy, is there a coincidence, here, Peter, right?
12:25 Yeah, no, it certainly sounds like a coincidence. Let me just clarify a couple points. Star Shield, for military purposes only, is kind of a guidance system for targeting, for speed. Yeah. And I guess distance. Yeah. And but at the same time, Starlink could be used for all those things as well? No, it's not fast enough.
12:58 Oh, okay. So even if it was approved for military purposes, Starlink wouldn't be used for that. They have to use Star Shield. Right. And so that's why when Elon Musk has claimed that he's now closed the loophole in Starlink that allowed the Ukrainians to use it for some offensive drones. Now, let's give him the benefit of the dead for just one minute because we won't know. it could be that the Ukrainians were using Starlink for some of their slower drones, right? It's possible.
13:38 But if that happens and you're a service provider, because that's what Starlink is a service provider, what do you do? You send a message. Hey, you're a miss using my service. You've got to change this right away. That's not what they did. They interrupted service to the Ukrainians completely. And it was their fastest drones that fell out of the sky.
14:02 That's what we know. And when the Ukrainians announced over the weekend, the service was back up. They only talked about Star Shield. So if I'm the detective here, right? And I'm putting the story together. This sounds to me much more a story about a wink and a nod from Donald Trump to Elon Musk when he was blinded. fuel when he was lifting sanctions and when he and he we know put enormous pressure on the Ukrainians not to attack diesel refineries in Russia well you can just wink in on and all of a sudden
14:45 the capacity to do that on Star Shield doesn't work you're halfway there so i i tend to think in this case it's more of a Donald Trump story and Donald Trump did They'd call Elon Musk late last week and tell him, please fix the system. That's probably star shield. Presto was back up again. Presto was back up. Well, let's assume for a minute that your wink and an odd theory is true. Yeah.
15:18 Is there ever been any example of this kind of power being exerted by someone outside of government, somebody in the private sector to influence a war. Yeah, we can go back to the Middle Ages, Peter. Yeah. They've, you know, feudal arts. Right. And we're more powerful than the king. So it's not unknown in military history.
15:47 But what of the last 300 years about? The last 300 years are about kings, consolidating authority and power, increasing their taxation and raising armies and building a monopoly of force that does anything the private sector can do. Fifteen years ago, as we began to really get into the digital age, things started to change
16:16 because all the innovation is in the private sector now. The military, think about this story, this way. many people know DARPA, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency inside the Pentagon, which, you know, it was a remarkable agency really because they understood that innovation at speed really mattered. And the Internet was first developed inside the Pentagon from military to military, you know, communication. And then when they started to connect computers, it's built out into the system.
16:53 civilian sector. So innovation starts inside and goes outside. The last 15 years are not like that. Virtually all innovation starts outside. And then the government buys or requisitions. That's why we find ourselves in the position that we do. And then it frankly, it's a very scary situation to be in. Because what does that really mean?
17:23 It means a government as big, as powerful as the U.S. government, leave aside what's going on at the top. But the rest of the institutions are still there are dependent on a single private citizen to supply critical technology, not only for the civilian sector, because Elon Musk could cost chaos if he ever shut down any kind of style. But for the military sector, in the United States, too, they use this. Okay. That's a huge problem. Huge problem. Let me ask a couple of related Canadian questions to this.
18:04 Yeah. Because Canadians use Starlink a lot. All the time. As you outlined earlier, if you live outside of a city, sometimes you have trouble getting Internet service. And so they say hundreds of thousands of Canadians use Starlink. Yeah. it's very easy to, you know, put up on your roof.
18:24 Not even, you don't even have to put it on a roof. Nope, you plug it in. Just plug it in. So there's, there's that element. For Star Shield, is there any evidence of the Canadian military uses Star Shield? You know, that's, I've looked. That's not public information, Peter. Does that mean you know,
18:50 but can't say, or you don't know? No, I actually don't know. Okay. I don't know in a granular enough way to say, I know when I'm going to do that way. But what I can tell you is that it is on the mind of our prime minister, right? This is the issue. When he talks about sovereignty, what does he really mean?
19:18 And we at the monk school did some work, right, which dug into this. There's lots of ways you can think about sovereignty. But we said what does it mean today when innovation is outside the government? It's freedom from coercion. You don't have to own everything. That's not, we can't. We're not rich enough. But what we have to do is worry about who's going to coerce us.
19:44 So let me give you a concrete example and then come back. you have stuff on the cloud, Peter. Yeah, it's probably a WS or one of those. Probably an American cloud provider of one sort or another. It's true for the Canadian government too. What's core national security data, which I can tell you for 100% sure is not on an American cloud, okay, in Canada.
20:14 But that's growing by leaps and bounds. over the prime minister, the key issue is who's the provider who, if push came to shove, would not do what Musk plus Trump just did to Ukraine. Who do we build that with? Because we cannot make ourselves dependent on a provider that could coerce us. And what happened? He spoke about it. He said, this is exactly what we have to be worried about it. So, you know, we have a a smaller LLM provider in Canada, but some wrong cohere. It's not going to be open AI.
20:56 It's not going to be anthropic. It doesn't have those kinds of resources. But, you know, we just partnered with the Germans. Why don't we do that? Because we can build shared cloud, because we're not worried that the Germans are going to go worse us. And then on the other side of the ocean, Samsung, from South Korea.
21:18 Big provider. Very, very big provider for your experience because you have to have scale, Peter, that's really the issue. For any of this to work, you have to have scale. And so I think for all the countries that are not the United States or Russia or China, who can do it on their own,
21:37 all the rest of us have to think about this. And what happened is last week to Ukraine is the Prime Minister doesn't have to disclose any confidential security issues, it's a vivid illustration, boy, of how we have to get going. Well, I'm, for one, I'm glad that he sees the risk and that others around him see the risk. And that we are potentially vulnerable on this. Yeah. Yep.
22:06 So how he gets out of it. Well, you know how you get out of it, Peter? You ask yourself, what are the really, you know, it's like, Because you can think of this as insurance, right? What are you trying to insure against? And so when we talk about it with Canadians, I would say, okay, what's your rigorous worry? Well, how much insurance money will you pay?
22:32 What's your most important priority? Why are how often does that happen to most of us? Not often, but boy, when it happens pretty terrible. So we have to make a decision. how much do we want to ensure and what is it that is most important to ensure against? It's to keep our critical infrastructure going, both in the military and in the civilian sector. We have to invest in that and partner with others because the costs are huge and we can't do it along. All right.
23:05 Topic two. the headlines have been around for a couple of days now about a possible risk to a Iranian attack on Americans could be anywhere in the world. Yeah. Now, I'm always careful about this. Very noisy, very noisy, Peter. Very, very noisy.
23:30 Lots of chatter everywhere. I'm always suspicious of these kind of stories. Yeah. You know, there can be lots of reasons to float these kind of stories from all sides, especially a week or two before a midterm election where the president's not doing well and wants to sound tough. You keep threatening that you're going to hit Iran right away after the election. So you tell me, what do you study these things all the time?
24:03 What do you make of this? Yeah. So I start with the same skepticism that we're, frankly, just a week out from the midterms, eight days, whatever it is, out from the midterms. He's doing really badly. Boy, what a distraction. That would be. And whatever there's any kind of attack, people rally around the field.
24:29 And let's complicate this even more, Peter, because the Israeli election. is Tuesday. And that's a part of this mix, too. He's doing terribly, too. So everybody would benefit right now. Both Nathaniel and Trump would benefit from any kind of major security incident. But the stories are coming from what I would call mildly credible sources, because I'm watching what the Americans are doing on the ground as opposed to just,
25:04 So they have evacuated their non-essential personnel, the wives, the kids, you know, the staff, people that you don't eat from Saudi Arabia. They fin them out at other embassies. They relax their security classification so that they can warn people around the world that this is possible. There was an incident in the UK at an Air Force base, right? where they flew home all their bombers. That's an expensive thing to do. And the Brits have arrested. Didn't initially then have.
25:46 I think that's the Iranian response. We're in a very dangerous situation right in this moment. Let me put it this one. Who announces that they're going to attack 10 days before they're going to do it? If you're really going to do it, you don't tell anybody. you're going to do it because you give up the advantage of surprise. So that rhetoric that the United States is going to attack, I believe it's wholly politically driven.
26:16 And it's on Mr. National Security and I'm going to do it. Iranis are responding in part to that because they have every reason to take that threat seriously because the United States have done it three times. So I think they probably, are upping preparations to respond to that kind of attack, not only with attacks against energy, which they've said they'll do across the Gulf
26:44 and oil infrastructure, but with mobilizing a network that's outside the country, which they have. We know they have. And then he get into a response pattern where one mistake, one miscal. pushes everybody over the edge. And we know these things happen.
27:09 In the Iranian case, why on earth would they help Donald Trump? Yeah, exactly. By launching an attack before an election, right? That would be really not. Doesn't make sense. Doesn't make sense to me. So much of this story hasn't made sense. Make sense.
27:29 So it's escalating rhetoric, which nevertheless, when you start seeing movement on the ground and look what the Iranians are seeing, Peter. The Iranians are seeing, again, movement of military forces to the region, right? So they have to take it seriously. And he's threatening really devastating attacks this time against Iranian energy infrastructure, which is war crime, by the way, if you do it, civilian energy infrastructure. And so they're signaling,
28:04 don't do this, don't do this, you're going to pay a price at home. We're going to go after Americans, not only in the Middle East, but out in Europe and elsewhere and in the United States. It's a scary game of chicken. That's what I would say.
28:22 Okay. You mentioned the Israeli election coming up in a couple of days' time. this guy keeps winning or putting coalitions together and he's done it for most of his life. Is this the final countdown for Benjamin Nottingyahu? Boy, Peter, you know, if you reason this through, he was in office at the time of the most devastating attack. that is just experienced in 75 years, frankly. And the whole system failed under him.
29:06 Everything failed. You'd ask yourself, how could he possibly survive this? But as you just said, he's got not nine lives. He's got 19 lives. You know, when you watch this election, which is tomorrow, Tuesday, what the results are just the start, okay? And let me just say to a minute or two, just to explain, because it's such a crazy system. It's the most purely democratic system in the world, which shows you when you go, you know, when you go too far on democracy, you end up in a lot of trouble, frankly. Has it worked.
29:51 The whole country is one constituency. You don't vote for an MP. Everybody just votes for a party, and those parties are organized, your list. And then the threshold on the spoke, I think a week or two on the show, Peter, I said the threshold to get in is 5%.
30:11 It's 3.25. If you don't get that share, the popular vote, you don't get in. But then you divide the seeds by how much of the popular vote everybody gets. So what does that do? You can just imagine if we tried a crazy system like that in Canada. We'd have regional politics from here till tomorrow.
30:31 Right, right. Right. We'd fracture the country. We wouldn't have any parties that could bridge differences. And it favors small differences. And that's been the problem. And so they never had no parties. has ever had a majority coming out of election
30:51 ever since Israel was created in 1948, which shows you have to have. So one of the polls tell us now, and by the way, the polls have the same issue or have had the same issue that they have in the United States with far-right voters, which they underestimate because these people tend not to talk to pollsters in the same way.
31:12 But right now they show that Gadi Eisen caught who's the principal challenger to Netanyahu. He's the un-Nitonial. She defines himself against. He's a straight, not a politician, straight-talking guy who has called for a commission of inquiry, who is appalled by cellular violence on the West Bank and has pledged to rein it in,
31:42 who thinks the judicial reform that's been going on. is appalling. And it's on everything this prime minister is not. So the polls say he's got two seats more in the parliament. If the election were held today, and if the polls are right, then the Teniao's party. Now, why does that matter? Because nobody has enough to form a government.
32:07 Well, you know, as Yogi used to say, it's not over until it's over. And in Israel, it can take weeks, if not months before it's over. It takes months. Okay, the president has to call. He consults, he listens to everybody. He makes the decision. Who does he ask first to form the government?
32:27 And if he asks Eisencott, there's a chance. There's a slim chance. If he asks Nathaniel, this master political operator, we'll put it to time. Okay. I had a couple of letters last week saying, why don't you guys ever talk about good news? So depressing. And we both recognize that it has been kind of depressing of late and for good reason.
32:57 But that doesn't mean there's no good news. Now we've had to look really hard for it, but there is. And when we come back after the break, we'll share it with you. That's right after this. And welcome back. You're listening to The Bridge, the Monday episode. That means Dr. Janice Stein from the amongst. school at the University of Toronto.
33:23 You're listening on Sirius X-M, Channel 1-60, Canada Talks, or on your favorite podcast platform. Glad to have you with us. All right, Janice, good news. Where is it? Where is the good news? So, look to ask me that question, Peter, when you got that letter, and I started going through every comment and did a mental rundown of every government.
33:50 And as I did it, I got to protest because I couldn't find any good news in the Middle East. There's not one government that's doing well right now across all Middle East. Asia, everybody's struggling as a result of high oil and our diesel fuel prices. They're huge consumers and there's inflation. And cockroaches are in the streets in India, this amazing party that is organized. against Moti in India. But you'd hardly say India is really thriving right now. Let's go to Europe.
34:30 Oh, my God. And this is, you know, every time we're just up in front of the big Canada, the EU summit that's going to take place in Montreal, in which they're going to flesh out these details. Well, you know Britain better than I, Peter. It's a real struggle. France?
34:49 France. We don't have to say anything right now. Italy, Italy, Germany. You know, so here's, there's one really great news story in Europe, which is really, really encouraging, which is Hungary. Why hungry? Because Victor Orbat was a populist leader for years and years. You know, there's always a Canadian twist on almost every story started. by, it started when Michael Ignathev was chairman, was provost of the Central European University, the George Soros-funded university, went after them to the nail, and they were forced out of Budapest and had to move to Vienna. That was the canary and the Coral. When after the judiciary, everything, everything dismantled, frankly, he was defeated in an election. So as were before the U.S. the terms and the election in Israel and the election in Brazil,
35:52 which is the same ultra-right competition, that to me is such an impressive story. And he made a decision, Peter. His name is Magyar, the prime minister. He made a decision which people debate. And it's fascinating to watch because we're all going to confront it in one way or another.
36:17 You can do two things. You have two paths when you're elected in the wake of a populist government that's destroyed institutions. You can play by the rules and you can have investigations. And it's a very slow process to remove judges or intelligence leaders. Just think about the United States. What's happened to the CIA, the FBI. You play by the rules.
36:44 it's very slow. In Poland, they did that. They lost popular support because they moved too slow. Magar is going the other road. He's moving fast. The processes are not great. You could say he's behaving like his predecessor, but he's absolutely,
37:06 so there's a trap here, you see it? Yeah. But he's absolutely convinced that he has to deliver results. And I think Hungary is, going to be the most interesting country to watch over the next few years, because hopefully they're going to have that problem in the United States as well, right? And so everybody can learn. It's a really good news story.
37:30 South America, Latin America, hard to find a really, at scale, hard to find a good one. So what's the second great good news story is Canada? And I just, you know, we never talk about Canada. But Canada is a really good news story. And the world recognizes it. The world recognizes it. We have a mature leader. He's an adult in the room.
37:58 He's calling out the problems. He's respected around the world. He's pushing all of us to move faster and make the changes in this country that we're going to need to make to thrive. I can honestly say, Peter, if I'm living in Europe or Asia or Latin America, I want to go to a country that I think has rule of law, because that really matters to investors or immigrants. It doesn't matter where you are on that spectrum.
38:30 It really matters. Good leadership and an agenda that's moving. I pick Canada ahead of any other country in the world. And if you can... Just get the immigration rules sorted out? Yeah. You should be able to. We should be able to.
38:49 And we should and we need to get that sorted out. We need to continue to attract investment and build good Canadian companies in this country. We're starting. And we need to make that hard decision that we were just talking about. What do we do with this money that we have to invest in defense? because cyber communication is a big part of defense. What are our priorities? But we have a team.
39:19 We really have a team that's focused. You know, I'm not sure that Canadians recognize it the way you recognize at the moment, but others certainly do. I mean, there he was on the cover of the economists last week, right? Yeah, yeah. Which is no small feat for a Canadian prime minister. No. No. And it's not only because he's really good speaker or because he's a media star, if you understand what I mean, or because he gave one great speech at Davos. That's always there. It's because he's articulated a vision for how do we respond to the chaos around us. How do we ensure that we have some control over our own futures? And what do we need to do? What's the heavy lift here that we all have to get engaged in? People have starved for leadership. People have starved for leadership. I mean, part of the heavy lift is money.
40:14 I mean, it seems every week there are promises of billions of dollars for something. Yeah. At some point, somebody's going to say, where's all this coming from? Yeah. So look, I, so let's just say money is an issue. But let me distinguish between two kinds of money. Here we go. Not all money is to say.
40:36 I would say we're not having a. trouble in attracting investment capital because the other alternatives are not great. So money is investment capital is actually flowing into this country. But this government has made a high-risk decision. They're going to be the first mover. They are starting on infrastructure projects, Peter, that boy, take billions and billions of dollars and praying that the private sector touches up and takes them over, once they've got started.
41:10 But as he sent himself, and boy, does he know better than anybody else, the bond markets, the bond vigilantes, they wake up, they walk up to France. That's why Matt Crowe is in a crunch that he is. They're waking up to the United States.
41:27 That's why treasury bills, you know, the interest rates are up on treasury bills, the most secure investment in the world. That's an issue for us, too. It's an issue for us. but compared to everything else and everybody else, I think this is the country of the moment to come to and live in and invest in.
41:53 Wow, I haven't, I've actually never been, you know, I've never said that as often in my life in the past as I am saying it now to Canadians. Oh, that's impressive. Yeah. One other piece of good news, which is not politics, okay? We're government. We're getting our, and boy, it's hugely good news.
42:18 We are getting an MR and a vaccine for melanoma. Wow. That's a game change. That, you know, all the anti-AI hype, but that is an absolute game changer. If people can be vaccinated, if that's, the future had against different kinds of cancers and they prevent. Oh, my goodness. Yeah, exactly.
42:46 All right. We're going to leave it on that piece of good news for this week. And we'll talk. And I will say, Peter, you and I've had the same cold, but I'm 10 days ahead of you. So I can give you good news. You will feel better by next week. People will start talking.
43:05 Thanks, Janice. We'll talk again in seven days. Okay. Dr. Janice Stein from the Monk School, the University of Toronto. And as always, great to have her with us. To start each week and ending on a bit of spectacularly good news, the potential for that new vaccine to deal with melanoma. That'd be a breakthrough. All right.
43:42 A reminder that it's asked me anything is the question of the week for Thursday's program. Your turn, plus the random renter, of course. That's Thursday. Tomorrow on Tuesday, it's the more butts conversation. And as I've mentioned many times before, and I'll do again now, the Moore-Buts conversation, because of their schedules, James Moore, Jerry Butz, we record on Sundays usually
44:13 you know early Sunday afternoon because that's a time where they are both available at the same moment and so we do it then so it's all packaged
44:28 and ready to go for for tomorrow so there you there you have it a reminder about tomorrow more about's Wednesday is Mark Bulguch, my co-author for A Noble Profession, where we will unveil a bit of the secrets behind our new book on teachers.
44:57 I think you'll enjoy that conversation on Wednesday afternoon. And that's our first preview. Next week we start the actual book tour. And I look forward to that. A lot of media. attention is going to be devoted to a noble profession and we're excited about it. That should do it for today, I think. Thanks for listening.
45:25 I'm Peter Mansbridge. We'll talk to you again in less than 24 hours.
There aren't comments yet for this episode. Click any sentence in the transcript to leave one.