20/20 - McStays Episode 6: Life or Death
Episode Date: September 16, 2026The McStay case goes to trial, with a man's life hanging in the balance. To keep listening, follow 'What Happened to the McStays?' for free on Apple Podcasts,&n...bsp;Spotify, Amazon Music, or wherever you listen to podcasts. Or subscribe to 20/20 True Crime+ to get access to new episodes early and ad-free, plus unlock exclusive bonus content from 20/20 and hundreds of episodes from the 20/20 true crime vault. Visit apple.co/2020truecrime to subscribe now. Terms apply. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices
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Hi, this is Ashton Singh here with another weekly episode of our latest true crime series from 2020 and ABC Audio.
What Happened to the Mixed? Remember, you can get new episodes weekly on Tuesdays.
If you follow What Happened to the Mix Days on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Amazon Music, wherever you're listening now.
Or you can hear the entire series right now, add free by subscribing to 2020 True Crime Plus on Apple Podcasts.
Click the link in the description to start your free trial today.
Now here's the next episode of what happened to the mixed days.
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In 2019, more than four years after his arrest, Charles Chase Merritt was finally headed to trial.
He'd been charged with killing the McStays, Joseph, Summer, Gianni, and Joseph Jr.
He'd pleaded not guilty.
Merritt would be tried at San Bernardino Superior Court, an imposing and sleek building
downtown. Its shiny, reflective facade reminiscent of the waterfalls merit built for Joseph.
It had taken more than five years from when the McStay's remains were discovered to the start
of this trial, a long road for the victim's loved ones. Outside court and after a pretrial hearing,
Joseph's brother Michael McStay spoke to local TV station KABC. Michael says he was confident authorities had the right
guy. Finally, somebody is going to have to take responsibility for what they did to my loving family.
And, you know, I want to see him get what he's got coming to him.
Joseph's mother, Susan Blake, was there too.
I did want to stand up and I did want Chase to look at me in the eyes.
I wanted him to see us in the pain we've been through and that now we're back for justice.
With Chase Merritt facing four charges of murder in the first degree,
the death penalty was on the table.
He was fighting for his life.
Would the jury decide Merritt was the one who killed the mixed days?
From ABC Audio in 2020, I'm Ashton Singh.
And this is what happened to the mixed days.
Episode 6, life or death.
You know, we're not supposed to show our...
emotions were supposed to be professional at all times. And I almost lost it. I actually had to turn
around and catch my breath and take a minute. Britt Imbs is a district attorney with the county of San
Bernardino. He was one of the prosecutors who presented the case against Chase Merritt in court.
And Ims told ABC News in an interview last year that in the nearly 30 years he's been a prosecutor,
the McStay family murders, was the most personal case he'd worked on as a dad.
The emotion really hit him, he said, when he was questioning a crime scene specialist on the stand
and put up a picture of the family's Asuzu Trooper for the jury to see.
It was Joseph Jr.'s car seat. It was the same car seat that I put my kids in.
It was a personal connection that I don't think I ever had with any other case.
For Ims, the McStay murder case stood out for another reason, too.
the most difficult case in 27 years.
I'm said there were several reasons the McStay case was such a difficult one.
It was the nearly four-year gap between the murders and the discovery of the bodies.
The multiple jurisdictions involved.
The enormous amount of public interest, which generated a huge volume of tips for law enforcement to handle.
And I'm said, the lack of direct evidence against Merrick.
We would have loved to have had
an identifiable murder scene
with physical evidence,
whether it be blood or fingerprints or DNA,
we would have loved to have had an eyewitness.
We would have loved to have had a neighbor
have heard a scream in the night
to at least pinpoint when it happened.
I mean, I could probably go on and on.
Instead, I'm said,
what he and his fellow prosecutors had
was highly circumstantial evidence.
Facts that didn't directly link the defendant to the crime,
But, they argued, taken together, painted a picture of Merritt being the one who killed the family.
I'm said Merit had a means, motive, and opportunity.
At trial, Merritt's defense team argued that the state's entire case was based on confirmation bias.
Defense attorneys said authorities decided Merritt was their guy,
twisted facts to build a case against him, and ignored other facts that didn't fit.
Raj Malin, who represented Merritt in court,
was confident the state didn't have what they needed to prove their case
beyond a reasonable doubt.
This case was all doubt.
In fact, there was no evidence linking chase to the killing of this family.
Here were two of the arguments he made in Merritt's defense.
One, he argued there was no evidence that the murders took place
in the McStay's Falbrook House, as prosecutors alleged.
And two, he argued that the vehicle leaving the home on the day the family went missing
was not Merritt's truck, which prosecutors also alleged.
So first, the house.
Defense attorneys told the jury, if the mixed days had been bludgeoned in the home,
you'd expect to find a gruesome, messy scene.
So, where was the blood?
It was none, they argued.
Not a drop, not a trace, not a spell.
The state's theory of the case was that Merritt had killed the mixed days at home.
They argued that there was evidence at the gravesite to suggest that Summer had been home
giving the boys a bath around the time the family was killed.
Prosecutor Britt Ims again.
There was one very distinct toddler-type bath towel with a hood that's kind of shaped like
it has an animal face to it was found in the grave.
There was other bath mats and maternity.
consistent with the bath robe found in the grave.
And as for the matter of blood, prosecutors argued Chase married cleaned up the home after killing the family.
They told the jury he would have had ample time to do so.
Who was in control of that crime scene was the defendant.
So the fact that there was no evidence located could in part be attributed to the fact that the defendant had time to clean up whatever mess he had made or hide.
whatever evidence he needed to.
In his interview with ABC News,
Ims pointed out.
Unfortunately, there's no forensic evidence
that says that the murder actually happened at home.
Zero forensic evidence.
And we never contended that we could prove that.
To the jury legally,
I don't have to prove the where, when, or how.
Or even necessarily the why.
I just have to prove the who.
And then there was the truck.
Remember, it was a vehicle seen on the neighbor's security camera footage
leaving the McStays home the night the family went missing.
Prosecutors argued this was Merritt's boxy white utility truck
and that it placed him at the scene of the crime.
It had characteristics consistent with being Merritt's truck,
including the shadows that are cast by the brake lights,
the height, width, and placement of the headlights.
In court, that grainy, black and white nine-second clip became a key piece of evidence.
Attorneys played it and dissected it over and over.
Expert witnesses analyzed 3D models of Merritt's car doing a virtual drive out of the McStase driveway,
identical to the movements in the surveillance footage, to see if Merritt's car matched up.
The defense's position, this one.
wasn't Merritt's truck.
They put on their own witness, an expert who was originally supposed to testify for the state,
but who changed his mind and wound up testifying for the defense instead.
The expert testified that based on the data he had, he couldn't conclude that the truck in the video matched Merits.
Here's defense attorney Raj Malin.
We clearly were able to show that Chase's truck was excluded.
Prosecutor Britt Imes disagreed.
No one could rule out that it wasn't Merritt's truck,
but no one could conclusively say, in fact, it was.
Beyond the house and the truck,
prosecutors presented other pieces of evidence against Merritt.
The centerpiece of their case was the defendant's cell phone records,
particularly of note to prosecutors,
the painting of a tower in the desert on a crucial day.
The state brought an expert witness to interpret various
maps, call records, and diagrams.
And the expert testified that on February 6th, 2010, Merritt's phone pinged a tower roughly a
mile away from the gravesite.
Prosecutors argued that ping placed the defendant near the McStay's grave site just two
days after the family disappeared.
But the expert also testified that cell phone data can only give you a general location of
where someone has been, not an exact one.
Merritt's attorney Raj Malin again.
The prosecution's expert testified that not only can you not use cell tower evidence to get location information to be used accurately, it was never designed for that in the first place.
It just so happens that law enforcement started to use that to kind of generally show where people are.
But at the end of the day, he conceded that you certainly can't say that somebody is somewhere because they ping off a tower.
Prosecutor Britt Heims
Our expert never claimed to have been able to what's called geolocate the user of a device
based on the technology and data that was available from 2010 records.
All we know is that his phone pinged on the 6th on a tower that overlooked the gravesite.
The reason defense lawyers gave the jury for why Merritt was in the general area of the cell tower
was what he himself had told investigators.
If his phone pinged a tower in the desert,
then he must have been visiting his sister who lived in the area.
Prosecutors called Merritt's sister Juanita Merritt to the stand.
To tell the jury what she'd told authorities just a few years prior,
the Merritt hadn't been out to visit her in February 2010
when the McStays went missing.
Here's Juanita, from that police interview,
which you heard in the last episode.
at that time when he was with Joe, never came up here.
That's what I was going to ask. Can you remember it all?
He didn't even hardly visit. I can remember one time he visited.
About how long before...
In five years, I hadn't seen him.
But when Juanita took the stand at trial, prosecutors were in for a surprise.
How often do you think that you would see your brother around that time frame?
I saw him quite often.
Do you remember telling the detective that you hadn't seen him probably for about five years?
No.
I wasn't even in my right mind when I talked to a detective.
Juanita testified that back when the detective came to her house and interviewed her,
she'd recently had surgery and was heavily medicated.
She testified that she was, quote,
not in her right mind.
She said she saw her brother all the time back then,
sometimes at her house.
When ABC News asked prosecutor Britt Ims
if Juanita marriage reversal was harmful to the state's case,
he said simply, no, we had her prior statement.
As in the original statement, Juanita had given police.
Here's Detective Ryan Smith.
The interview that Juanita and I had was all recorded and that was able to kind of disprove her assertion.
The prosecution also pointed out that Merritt's DNA was found by police on the steering wheel of the McStase Asuzu Trooper.
The state argued that the presence of Merritt's DNA on the driver's side was evidence that Merritt drove the SUV down to the Mexico border.
Merritt's attorneys argued the DNA was transferred DNA.
They claimed Joseph had gotten trace amounts of marriage DNA on his hand from something like a handshake,
then transferred it to the steering wheel of the trooper.
The state's DNA expert, on a cross-examination, didn't rule out the defense's claim.
He testified that it was reasonable to conclude the DNA could have been transferred.
But the state argued that the quantity of marriage DNA was inconsistent with transfer DNA.
prosecutor Bridheims again.
The problem with that is it would have expected to be in a minuscule amount.
The results were actually greater than Summer, who was a regular driver of the car.
So it would be inconsistent with trace DNA.
Prosecutors also argued Merritt had a motive.
They said the murders were driven by greed.
The state made the argument you've heard earlier in the series that Chase Merritt,
while claiming to be Joseph's best friend,
was writing checks from the waterfall business
and taking money from him,
that Merritt had been overpaid for projects at work,
and owed Joseph tens of thousands of dollars.
That he had a gambling problem.
The state contended that Joseph had discovered the checks
and fired Merritt on February 4th,
the day the family went missing.
Prosecutors argued that Merit then went to the McClure.
McStay's fall broke home to confront Joseph and killed the McStays there.
Merritt's defense team denied it all.
The taking money from Joseph, the debt to Joseph, the gambling problem, the firing,
the confrontation at the McStays home, the bad blood between the two men, and of course,
the murders.
Merritt's defense attorney Raj Malin told ABC News, Joseph and Merritt's success,
was inextricably linked.
They literally adored each other,
and there was no hint that it was going wrong.
These two were going to the moon,
and neither one of them could have done it without the other.
Merritt's ex Kathy Jarvis took the stand at trial
and testified that Merritt was home in Rancho Cucamonga
the night of February 4th,
the night the McStays went missing.
She said she remembered Merritt receiving a call from Joseph that night,
but not picking up.
On the stand,
Kathy testified that back when she'd been interviewed by police,
she'd conceded that maybe that call happened on a different night.
The state argued that Kathy couldn't have seen that call come through Merritt's phone
because they said his phone record showed his device was off at the time.
It didn't register that call.
Prosecutors argued Kathy was misremembering that she did see.
see a call. But it happened on a different night. They questioned her on the stand.
You just seen an opportunity or you had an opportunity to look at some other calls that occurred,
right? Right. And it's your testimony today that you were not mistaken about that at all.
I was not mistaken about the phone call before. Correct. That's correct.
In an ABC News interview last year, Kathy took issue with prosecutors.
They're making it seem like because I love him so much, I'm going to lie for him.
And all I was there to do was tell the truth.
I told the truth, and they twisted the truth into something that fit their narrative.
When it was their turn to present their case,
Marge's defense team had their own theories about what might have happened to the mixed days.
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A new podcast series from ABC Audio in 2020 goes inside a case that has captivated the nation.
To many people, Luigi Mangione is a modern-day Robin Hood.
People were cheering.
The demise of this person they'd never met, who was a father,
of two and a husband and had a life and was just doing a job.
From the manhunt, ending in a McDonald's in Al-Tuna, Pennsylvania,
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Merritt's defense team argued that in their own investigation of the McStay's gravesite,
they found three different DNA profiles on Summer's bra,
underwear, and on the material that was used to tie up Joseph.
The defense claimed none of the DNA profiles matched Chase Merritt,
that they matched someone else.
They challenged the state, put these three profiles through CODIS, the FBI's DNA database, and see who they belong to.
Merritt's defense attorney, Raj Maline.
If they really wanted justice, if they really wanted the truth, they would run those profiles on CODIS.
Prosecutor Britt Ives.
There was no DNA of other individuals found at the gravesites.
It's just a total misrepresentation of what the science is.
prosecutors claim there wasn't enough DNA for a full scientifically valid profile that would either allow testing that would exclude Chase Merritt or would lead to anyone else.
Merritt's attorneys claimed authorities had blinders on when it came to their client, arguing that they should have given more serious consideration to other suspects, namely Dan Kavanaugh, Joseph's business partner and the web designer for their wife.
waterfall retail site.
Remember, authorities had confirmed Dan's alibi for the time the mixed days went missing
and cleared him of any involvement in their deaths.
But still, at trial, defense attorneys argued there was plenty of evidence against Dan,
starting with the new allegation that they claimed pointed a finger at him.
According to prosecutors, one's trial was underway.
A woman by the name of Tracy Ricobene had approached their own.
In a recorded interview, Tracy alleged that Dan had confessed to her that he had killed the mixed days.
I have a full detailed confession.
If you want to know exactly how they did it, like a detailed account from that name.
He's told me her name.
Detective Ryan Smith from San Bernardino Sheriff's Department told ABC News that investigators looked into her allegation, but ultimately dismissed it.
None of the things she said caused Kavanaugh's alibi to come into question.
There was no new investigative leads that we could glean from her because at that time, we knew Kavanaugh was in Hawaii.
The defense did raise Tracy's allegation against Dan in their opening argument.
But in the end, they decided not to call her to testify and not introduced her interview into evidence.
The judge also strictly limited what allegations the defense could raise against Dan Kavanaugh,
who was neither accused nor on trial.
In an interview with ABC News last year, Dan said he knew Tracy.
She was a friend, he said.
When asked if he ever confessed anything to her, Dan denied it.
No, that's a joke.
He said pointing the finger at him was marriage attorneys grasping at straw.
I mean, he had nothing else to defend the guy with because the guy had so much mounting evidence that he did it.
So then the defense is like, well, this other guy did it, though.
At trial, prosecutors dismissed the defense's attempt to point a finger at Dan because he had an alibi.
Prosecutor Britt Ives.
The problem was attempting to say that Dan Kavanaugh was the killer, was that we had very concrete proof that
Dan Kavanaugh was nowhere near San Diego, let alone the continental United States, at the time of the disappearance.
But the defense challenged Dan's Hawaii alibi.
Merritt's attorney Raj Malin.
The best they were able to do is present a plane ticket that he purchased.
It doesn't mean he flew.
It means he purchased.
Show me that he got on a plane.
Prosecutor Britt Ims said investigators did check with the airline and TSA.
They didn't get documentation.
he said, but they got a verbal confirmation that the ticket was used.
At trial, to further shoot down the defense's claim,
they called Dan's ex-girlfriend to the stand,
the woman who'd taken the trip with him to Hawaii
when the mixed days went missing.
Her testimony backed up Dan's alibi.
His girlfriend was with him and posting pictures of all of them
from Hawaii on her Facebook page,
simultaneously with them being there.
Dan said the experience of having marriage defense team point a finger at him was unsettling.
Not very pleasant, and then they're running your name through the dirt online.
That could potentially affect your relationships, your business, and all that.
So that was troubling.
In their closing argument, prosecutors told the jury,
you've got several pieces of evidence against Chase Merritt,
which must be looked at collectively.
Because they argued, if you look at all the circumstances together,
there's only one reasonable conclusion.
Chase Merritt killed the McStay family.
And prosecutors argued Joey Jr. and Gianni,
just three and four years old at the time,
had been collateral damage.
Killed because, if it came to it,
boys would have been able to identify Merit
as the person who killed their parents.
In front of the jury,
Bridheims emphasized the cruelty
of the murder of the youngest mixed days, saying, quote,
it was blow after blow after blow after blow to a child's skull
as he banged the sledgehammer, the alleged murder weapon,
on a courtroom podium.
Prosecutor's reiterated merit had the means, motive, and opportunity
to commit this quadruple homicide.
In the defense's closing, Chase Merritt's attorneys reiterated,
there was a total lack of physical evidence tying the defendant to the crime.
They alleged the state ignored facts and witnesses that didn't fit their version of events
and accused them of concocting a false story based on whom merit is as a person and businessman,
and not whether he had anything to do with these four deaths.
Prosecutor Britt Ims told ABC News that the jury arrived at a verdict on a Friday.
but agonizingly for the attorney.
The verdict wasn't read that day.
Instead, the judge sent the jury home
and told them to come back the following Monday.
As seasoned prosecutors, you still get worried.
That was the longest weekend of my career.
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If you like your true crime, like you like your coffee, Red Handed is the podcast for you.
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It took six days for the jury to arrive at a verdict in Chase Merritt's murder trial.
Local stations KGTV and KABC covered the news.
The end of a near decade-old murder case is solved.
Charles Merritt was found guilty.
The jury determined that Charles Chase Merritt bludgeon the mixed-state family.
And the jury's work not over the penalty phase of this trial starts tomorrow.
The prosecution plans to pursue the death penalty.
Defendant was found guilty of all four counts of first-degree murder.
The first count was the murder of Joseph.
The second count was the murder of Sussainty.
was the murder of Summer.
The third count was the murder of Gianni,
and the fourth count was of Joseph Jr.
In the courtroom the day the verdict came down,
Chase Merritt sat at the defense table,
staring ahead with his hands clasped in front of him.
As the verdict was read,
he closed his eyes and inhaled slightly.
Someone from a few rows behind him cried, oh God.
As the clerk continued,
Merritt's head dropped,
and the attorney sitting next to him reached over
and for a moment set his hand on the convicted killer's arm.
About six months after Merritt's conviction,
the court handed down its sentence.
What would it be?
Death or life in prison?
Relatives of the mixed days gave victim impact statements.
Joseph's mother, Susan Blake, approached the podium,
Her voice quivering.
She looked married directly in the eyes.
This despicable evil monster had to really be my family.
How could you be too precious little babies?
Michael McStay, Joseph's brother, came up to the podium,
periodically wiping tears away as he spoke.
There's nothing more valuable on this earth than
time. And that was stolen from them, but it was stolen from us. This world was robbed for four beautiful
souls. Before the judge imposed a sentence, Chase Merritt had one last chance to persuade the
court not to give him the death penalty. One last chance to plead for his life.
I may deserve a lot of things. I don't deserve this. I did not. I did not.
do this. And as God
is my witness, I
will be back here
and I will prove
to everyone that
that is true.
Marit spoke
tearfully. He said
he loved Joseph.
I would never have heard it in any way.
I would never
raise my hand to a woman
or child.
He said that prosecutors
manipulated evidence just a
pin the murders on someone and get a win. He said it killed him that the McStay's relatives didn't
believe in his innocence. When Merritt finished his statement, it was time for the judge to impose the
sentence. The judge would have to decide, what was a fair sentence for a man convicted of killing a
family of four? What was justice for the McStay's grieving relatives who had lived for years
with the knowledge that their loved ones were brutally murdered.
It is therefore the judgment sentence of this court
and still out order decreed in a judge
that the defendant Charles Merritt be sentenced to death.
As Merritt listened to the judge given the death penalty,
he looked straight ahead, hands clasped in front of him,
his solemn expression unchanging.
Throughout the trial and sins,
Merritt has maintained his innocence.
Just before sentencing, he requested a new trial.
He claimed a certain witness should have been called,
whose testimony he said would have exonerated him.
His request for a new trial was denied.
When ABC News spoke to him last year,
he said he was planning to file a habeas petition
to try and prove he did not commit these murders.
A petition has not yet been filed.
Merritt's ex, Kathy Jarvis,
says she's always believed Chase didn't kill the mixed days.
I've never wavered in my belief in Chase.
It's past time that people, I don't want them to forget about this case,
and I don't want them to forget about him, you know, being in there.
I hope people will reevaluate.
I hope something will happen to,
exonerate him.
Defense attorney Raj Malin
said justice hasn't been served
for merit or the McStays.
Malines said we're no closer
to knowing the truth of what really
happened to the McStay family.
But Michael McStay said the verdict
has provided some closure.
I personally am happy with the verdict.
I think it was correct and fair.
He got a fair trial.
And the jury spoke.
Today, Chase Merritt is behind bars at a California state prison in San Diego.
He is 69 years old.
Though he sits on death row, there's no date for his execution.
While Merritt was on trial in 2019, California's governor instituted a moratorium on the death penalty in the state.
There hasn't been an execution in California since 2006.
After the mixed days' remains were discovered, they were laid to rest.
in a cemetery in Orange County.
There's a permanent memorial to the family out by the San Clemente Waves.
On a bluff overlooking the Pacific Ocean sits a terracotta bench.
On one side is a plaque with the names, Joseph, Summer, Gianni, Joey Jr. McStay.
Inscribed to the seat of the bench, it says, riding the waves in heaven.
Over 15 years after the McStays were killed,
Friends of theirs, like Gina Watson and Jesse Silveria,
still hold vivid memories of what the family was like.
I would like Joseph to be remembered as a really great friend that he was,
a generous person, a great father, a great husband, great son, great brother.
I don't think I would have spent so many hours of my life researching with his father
if Joseph wasn't the kind of person that he was.
The way that I want to remember Summer is I want to remember her experiencing that love and experiencing being a mother.
Hi, little chubbyceva.
I want to remember them at the beach, playing in the sand.
I surf today.
The sun is out.
They have their bicycles.
You want to get on a bike with Daddy?
Yeah, let's go.
That's what I think of when I remember them.
What happened to the mixed days is a production of ABC Audio in 2020,
hosted by me, Ashton Singh, produced by Madeline Wood, Vika Aronson,
Audrey Mostek, and Kiara Powell.
With help from Sabrina Fang and Camille Peterson, edited by Gianna Palmer.
Our supervising producer is Susie Liu,
Music by Evan Viola, scoring by Kiara Powell, mixing by Evan Viola, and Bob Mallory.
Special thanks to Katie Dendos, Janice Johnson, Chris Donovan, Joseph Rees, Sunny Antrim,
Alyssa D'Sandr, Zander Samaras, Tom Berman, Indra Dalesacham, and Blue Browning.
Josh Cohen is our director of podcast programming.
Eminem McNeff is our executive producer.
Can't wait for more.
Listen to the next episode ahead.
of everyone else, ad-free.
Subscribe now to 2020 True Crime Plus on Apple Podcasts.
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In 1986, a man named Scott Macklam was killed in broad daylight.
Police quickly found their suspect.
Prosecutors convicted him.
But now, almost 40 years later, I'm re-examining this case.
I really didn't believe any of it was real.
And I was like, well, they're going to figure out this is not me.
They're going to do their police job.
Has the wrong man been in prison this whole time?
Listen to Examine the backfire effect wherever you get your podcasts.
I want to hire a private investigator.
Some folks are the best.
ABC Tuesdays, TV's hottest PI is back.
You sure you're ready to take on a serial killer?
It's like a dozen more likely explanations other than serial killer.
All right, maybe not a dozen.
In Florida, crime has no offseason.
He's heard you were shot at today with a rocket launcher.
Well missed.
RJ Decker, Tuesday's 10-9 Central on ABC.
Next day on Hulu.
