Two In The Think Tank - 28 - Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster

Episode Date: May 3, 2016

A botched safety test in the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant's fourth reactor will change the world forever. 30 years on, Dave explores the worst nuclear disaster in history. How and why did it happen? Also Dave tries to be all sciencey and explain how a nuclear reactor works... So that's fun. #MegaTrotsTwitter: @DoGoOnPodInstagram: @DoGoOnPodFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/DoGoOnPod/Email us: [e-mail] the show and get rewards like bonus episodes:www.patreon.com/DoGoOnPod  Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Hey everybody, Jess and Dave, just jumping in really quickly at the top here to make sure that you are across all the details for our upcoming Christmas show. That's right, we are doing a live show in Melbourne Saturday December the 2nd, 2023, our final podcast of the year, our Christmas special. It's downstairs at Morris House, which usually be called the European beer cafe. On Saturday December the 2nd, 2023 at 4.30pm, come along, come one, come all, and get tickets at dogoonpod.com. Are you working way too hard for way too little?

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Now is the time, mycomputercareer.edu. you. Harry Mouth. I'm definitely keeping that in. Hello and welcome to another edition of the show called Do Go On. My name is Dave Warnocky and I'm here. I forgot my middle, I'll surname there. What's going to throw in the middle name? David James Warnocky, what's up everyone? I'm here with Mr. Matthew Stewart. This is your introduction, Matt. Matthew James.

Who, yes, I am Matthew James Stewart. Good to be here in the podcasting studio. It is a studio, it is good to be here. Hey, do you mind if I open up the floor? It's quite rude, but okay. To my favorite member of the team, she's about to go out on tour. Actually, she'll be out on tour right now, touring Australia. So if you're anywhere around Australia, please check out

Jess Perkins. Hello Jess Ann Perkins. Thanks for having me in my own podcast. This is the show where we have a report prepared. Well, one of us does. The other two have to just listen to that report. And this week it is my turn to go on go on and these are our favorite episodes because Matt and I just get to sit back relax you're the best presenter for the three of us but then we just get to riff self conscious about my voice though it doesn't sound too good I'm going to be the one doing the majority the tall I think your voice is normal yeah this is what you always say maybe even a little bit better than normal yeah I, I think so. Oh

So you think I should get sick often. Yeah, you know when people Sick off, then that was a classic hotest 100 track from the late 90s Um, it's not for real You know when people get a bit sick and they sound a little husky or they sound kind of sexy You know, it's not sexy, but you sound great. Yeah, I thought I sounded but naezyly We are all so hot. Oh, now I can hear it. Yeah, no Yeah, we should probably cancel the episode. Is it too late? No, it's never too late. What I like about Dave's reports are that they normally go for what about 10,000 words? 4,000. Oh 4,000. This one 4,200. Oh I don't know every time I get to the end of the like I don't aim for 4,000 I just look at the work out I think oh you've done it again

God I'm good boom and I'm gone. Oh, yeah, a 4000 and word just shuts down You've done enough mate. You're done. Might you nailed it That's your word document talking to you. Okay, so we usually start with a question to get on topic So this time next week from from the time of recording, it's actually last week when it goes out, on April the 26th. Yes, six there it is. Why is this left hand as day?

No, that's in August. It is, it's 30 years since one of the biggest events of the 20th century. Eight years. What did it take? 30 years ago. 96. 86.

I wasn't alive yet I was I was a couple years old. What was the so what was the thing? It's just a massive event. Okay 86 86. So I was two I got to go back to And when I say massive like you're probably matching like big part. It's not a big party or like a celebration It's a not good thing. Yeah 86 It's a not good thing. Yeah. 86. 86.

Not a big party. April 26, and six. Since the wall came down in 89, I'm not saying. Yeah, I was thinking, that's 89. It's in that area, it's in Europe. Okay. 86. 86 is a cold wall related.

Yes, very much so. Okay. It's like a USS A country. USS A country. Yugoslavia. No, I don't want you to guess the country. I want you to guess the. Was that even a? It happened, it was inlavia. No, I don't want to guess the country I want to guess. Was that even a... It happened in the Ukraine? Oh the Ukraine. April 26th, 1986.

Feels like I'm gonna feel dumb when I have no idea what this is. Was it some sort of as it's been made into a movie? Yeah, there was a horror movie that was set around. No, Texas Chainsaw Massacre. Yes, it is in Texas, in the Ukraine. Alright, John, maybe I'll just get into it and you know what I'm talking about. April 26, 1986. It was a beautiful sunny spring day for the 50,000 residents of Pripyat, a town in northern Ukraine that borders Belarus.

Nearly all of the town towns population worked at Chernobyl nuclear power plant. I know what this is. It's about Chernobyl. No, that's not where I was going. Hindenburg. Yes, in the 1930s. What are you thinking? I think it might be. Was it the invention of... The light bulb. I was thinking of the Ninja Turtles. Yeah, okay, light bulb. Great, cool. I thought I'd, like, I swear to God, I thought the light bulb was older than 30 years. Yeah, no. I just, I hand on my heart.

100%. Celebration. Believe. You would think that, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah. It just feels like it's something that's always been around. It does feel, I mean, it has for you. Yeah, true, true, true. Born in 90. Anyway, go about it all. I was born into darkness.

I am not talking about the live-up. I am, of course, talking about the Chernobyl nuclear disaster of April 26th, 1986. When I was in year 11, the year 12's, their drama on Sombal piece, because in VCA drama, the first half is your ensemble, so like a group, and then the second half is your ensemble, so like a group and then the second half you saw it, and their ensemble was all about Chernobyl.

Really? So I know like a tiny bit about it, based on their reenactments and offensive aspects. Was it a musical? No. Was it an interpretive dance piece? It was a serious piece. Okay, have some respect. As the next year was about Hurricane Katrina, so.

Oh my god. Teach a lot to give us nice light topics. The only thing I know about Chernobyl is an episode of the Simpsons, Mindy and Homer Simpson, like at some sort of a... Yeah! No more Chernobyl! No more Chernobles! And they're like, get banned!

And I know I never knew what I meant until just now right now have you not heard of the Chernobyl no I definitely I was playing that good I was a committee myself because I had just built it as one of the biggest events of the last century and you're like never heard of it but as a kid I know what idea what that meant I would have definitely laughed because it sounds funny no more Chernobyl it does so it it was April 26, 1986. These people are the residents of Pripyat as a said, the town in northern Ukraine, bordering Belarus, and nearly all of the population worked at Chernobyl nuclear power plant. The plant had four nuclear reactors and was

capable of powering 10% of the Ukraine's electricity needs. Then the 10% of the game Chernobyl. Come on, well they're going to attempt to lift their game and it's not going to go so well. Spoilers. Spoilers. I did build this as the Chernobyl nuclear disaster. When the power plant was under construction in the 70s, Pripyat had been especially built as a like a town where the workers could live. On April, sorry, on September 9, 1982, a partial call meltdown occurred in reactor number one

at the Chernobyl plant. The extent of the accident was not made public until several years later, so they sort of swept that one under the rug. The reactor was repaired and put back into operation within months. But that was a fraction of the world's worst nucleotus asset that was to occur no less than four years later.

Do you know how nuclear power works? Yes. Because I had obviously. I had no idea because I'm not a big sciencey guy and I'm going to with this episode I'm going to attempt to be quite sciencey. We all have arts degrees. Yeah. I.

I work in a call center. Great. From what I've learned from the Simpsons, it's got something to do with like glowing green rods. Yeah. Rods are important. Yeah. They are very important. And they make little explosions of love explosions and they harness that energy. This is pretty good. Love explosions definitely not in the play guide book. But do they harness? They harness energy. How does energy? Is energy harness Dave? Yes or no?

Well yes, it definitely is. Thank you. I trust my case. No more to noble. Also, I'll explain it as I understand it. Great. And if you are a nuclear scientist, why are you listening to this particular? Basically, just like fossil fuel plants, nuclear power plants are powered by steam, the

mixed up by steam. Water is turned into steam, which then turns a massive turbine, sort of a spinny thing connected to a generator that generates electricity. Right. Spinny thing. Technical term. So just imagine like a giant drill spinning around. It's just moving because of steam is making it move,

and then that's connected to a generator. And the more it spins more electricity, it makes. But the difference is the source of heat that turns the water into steam in nuclear power plants. The heat to make the steam is created when uranium atoms are split. Here we go, this is a science-y bit. When large atoms split into one or more small atoms, they give off other particles and energy in the process, and that's called

nuclear fission. So each time an atom is split, it creates energy and heat is released, and when you do that billions and billions of times, it creates a huge amount of energy and therefore a lot of heat. So everything is, everything in the world is made up of tiny atoms, you and me, everything in this room. But some atoms are really stable and happy to stay as they are. But other atoms exist in unstable forms called radioactive isotopes. Pretty much nuclear power plants split these atoms on command by firing neutrons at them.

So they're firing at the atom. And then radioactive isotopes will go on splitting themselves automatically. So you fire one at the atom and then they create a chain reaction which creates lots. That's why it's so efficient because unlike phosphils you don't have to burn a lot of shit, you just sort of fire. Pew! I don't know how they do that. It's like tiny in miniscule but that's what they do. The brilliant part is when these atoms split will produce spare neutrons that crash into other atoms. So if I one that splits and then it goes, oh, I'm going to run into other shit now and

then they just make this massive chain reaction, which I've seen described as a runaway nuclear avalanche that releases a huge amount of energy in the form of heat. This then turns water into steam that turns the turbine and powers the generator. Ah, is there going to be a test? There will be a test of the end of the generator. Ah, is there going to be a test? There will be a test of the end of the shut. That bit at the end sure sounds like something's being harnessed. Yes. How long were you sitting on that? I feel like you didn't listen today. Did you listen to my explanation? No, I mean, did he say something at the end that

could have been? Yeah, probably. I really zoned out. I was really hoping you were paying attention. The two things when you people talk about nuclear, the thing about either a bomb or a power plant or the difference between a bomb and a nuclear power plant is that the bomb, they also have a chain reaction, but it's not controlled and it just multiplies in like a fraction of a second and suddenly it releases so much energy that it just flattens everything. But in nuclear power plant, the chain reactions are very carefully controlled, so they've proceeded a relatively slow rate. So it sounds real safe,

right? Real safe. What could possibly go wrong? What could possibly go wrong? End of episode. And that is how nuclear power works. Okay so on a very basic level that is how it works. What they do is they load up a nuclear reactor with lots of pallets of uranium and in rods, so you can make green rods, and it makes heat very efficiently. The only other thing you have to know in this story is that nuclear material like uranium when not properly looked after is extremely dangerous. Okay, so when not properly looked after? So when you look after it, probably give it a nice little bath and tuck it into bed nice

and really read the story. Yeah, it's good night uranium. Good night. Gold. You look after it probably give it a nice little bath and tuck it into bed nice and early story. Yeah, good night uranium. Good night. And he had a baby brother also made a uranium. And it lasts forever right? It just doesn't break down the. It's very efficient. After a while every few years I have to replace these uranium because I get depleted by Uranium. Yeah, it's my... You have back Australia. Yeah, it's mine in like rocks and then after crush up the rock and it's like a tiny percentage like you know 0.5% or something. Interesting.

So I have to dig up a lot of shit to find out. I think I can't just get it like office works. Definitely not. It's very because it is so dangerous. Yeah, yeah, I have to go to it. Office works. I'm looking for Uranium. I need a...

I need a pack of highlighters. I need a pack of A4 paper and some Uranium, please. Oh, sounds to me like you're doing a drama solo. That was a very funny day. Thank you. Off the cuff now, that's in the script. This whole show is scripted. You're reading the script right, man. Harness. That was your keyword . So it was real dangerous uranium if you don't look up for it properly. And the very sad irony

in this story is that the accident at Chernobyl occurred during an experiment to test a way of cooling the core of the reactor in an emergency situation. So it's a safety test going wrong. The test was incorporated into a scheduled shutdown of reactor number four. So we've had a problem in reactor one a couple of years ago and now we're talking about reactor number four. So what's your noble? They kept the reactor, the thing that's full of the uranium, cool with water. Water pumps in water, so it doesn't get too hot, because if you get really hot, then you can have a meltdown. In an emergency, the reactor can be shut down very quickly,

but still very hot and needs water to keep flowing into keep it cool all the time. Otherwise, it becomes like a giant kettle that boils itself dry and then you're in real trouble. In the event of a power failure, or if someone takes out, if there's an attack or something where they cut the power to the reactor, Chernobyl had three backup diesel power generators that would kick in to keep that water flowing to keep it cool all the time. The problem is that these diesel bad boys took 60 seconds to warm up before the water would start flowing again, and that's a lot of time in this situation.

The worry was that in the time the reactor could get really, really hot. So it was theorized that because the steam is already turning the turbine, if the power fails, that turbine is going to keep spinning for a little bit. It's got a lot of momentum behind it. So they thought, oh, why don't we just use the energy of that powering down, the spinning turbine, to sort of bridge the gap between the 60 seconds, and where the diesel has to sort of fire up. That makes sense. That makes sense to me. That seems to be quite efficient.

That's, you know what that is? That's harnessing the power that they already had. That's good. Glad they did that. And it sounds like it went well, but I just want, like, it feels like a funny thing to go. Yeah, we'll just maybe we'll just use that to see how that goes. Just see how that goes.

Surely it was more than just a hunch that they were going off. Well, they know, I will say they tried it a couple of times in the early 80s, early on. It didn't have enough momentum to keep the pump going. So they modified the way the machines work. And in 1986 they were ready to test it again. So they've done a couple of tests. And reactor number four was already going to have a maintenance shutdown.

It was already going to be shut down for the test. So they're like, oh, I want to do it there. And that makes sense. That does make sense. A no detrimental effect on the safety of the reactor was anticipated. I have read that one of the engineers estimated that they thought that it was a one in 10 million

chance every year that there would ever be a meltdown. One in 10 million. So they thought it was pretty much, they thought it was theoretically possible, but also like, come on. I'm okay with those odds. One in 10 mil. Yeah. Not bad.

I mean, unless it was, unless I'd bought a lot of ticket. What would you, what would you equate those kind of odds to? You know, I'm great at maths. What would you, what's something else that you think would be one in ten? One in ten million. You know, it may be something to do with Dave Warnocky. What about, or one in ten million maybe like a, an asteroid hitting your street? It's really, like if it hit you, that would probably, like, one in 100 million, but...

An asteroid hitting your straight is one in 10 million. That's my guess, that's my guess. Having a really good podcast? One in 10 million. One in 10 million. That means there's probably one good podcast out there. And it's this one, you're very lucky to be hearing it. He's that lucky.

Oh, very lucky. I'd say Dave Warnocky is one in 10 million chance of ever wearing a dud t-shirt. Dave Warnocky is a great t-shirt. Dave Warnocky is a great t-shirt. Dave Warnocky is a great t-shirt. Dave Warnocky is a great t-shirt. Dave Warnocky is a great t-shirt. Dave Warnocky is a great t-shirt.

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Because they thought nothing was going to go wrong, the test program was not formally coordinated with either the chief designer of the reactor or the scientific manager of the plan. Oh, they didn't think to run that by them? Yeah, instead it was just improved by only the director of the plan, and this approval is not consistent with established safety procedures. Oh. Because they thought it was like a little thing.

Oh, I'll just give it a go. It's cool. We don't have to tell you either. Cow, cow. We're just going to do a test. Yeah, right. Yeah, right. Classic Ukrainian name, cow classic Ukrainian name cow.

Thanks cow! I'm not gonna do an accent because I don't know what we've been doing. Is that like a, that's Lenny and Cow chatting? No, I just like the name cow. Cow. I, yeah, because it was the director. Like that's the, that's, I'm imagining that's the boss of the whole place. But he has bosses too.

Yeah, and he is not necessarily an expert on this. No, it feels like he maybe should have gone, look. Oh, yes, yes. It's fine with me. But Jiminer, if we check with someone who knows about this sort of stuff. Yeah, but he was drunk on power. Like they'd asked him, they never spoke to him in, like they never included him in the tea room.

Right. You know, like social situations are excluded. It's hard when you're the boss because you've got to have that that that boundary of like being a leader but also like being a friend you want to be a friend and so they never really come to him with things and then when they finally came to him like hey Carl do you mind if we do mind if we just do this test he was like oh my god they're talking to me they're including me they got really excited yeah yes a thousand times yes what was the question again? yeah I got it.

did you ask me to do was it about going to the soccer this week? because yes. oh yeah with some test for. no no it's too much. so it seems to festi with my first answer. yeah I love you guys. yeah that's it. I'm gonna make a cup of tea. Anybody else want one? Okay.

I see. I see it's defense when he was on trial after the accident. Like, oh, I thought they asked if I wanted to go to the soccer. Yeah. So what? I didn't want to make a scene when I realized. Well, you joke about that, but we'll get to why sort of safety wasn't a big concern. Because soccer. Because soccer. Because soccer.

Oh, a bit more science. The plan was to get the power output of the reactor up to 700 megawatts. Science. So they wanted to be between 700 and 1,000 megawatts. And then they would have an emergency shutdown. And then the energy from that 700 megawatts would keep the turbine spinning long enough

to keep the water flowing. So that's the only one. That's the key number. They want to get to 700 mats yearning. Oh, man. This is fucking boring Well, don't worry the mill. Tell me more about the 700 mega trop so whatever. I can't I could not give less of a shit Hashtag mega trots and it's just a really big horse Hatch tag mega trots and it's just a really big horse Oh the one that was designed by DaVinci yeah, I think it's rots. Oh, I am mega trot Mega trot wears a cape. Hahaha. Alright, that is funny.

Dave is not on board with Megatrot at all. Well, I just know that we are about 19 minutes away from the worst nuclear disaster. So let us have our fun now. Oh, okay. Megatrot, it is important. It is important. The 700 Megawatt thing is actually quite important. Oh, mega what?

Mega what? Mega what? We can go on mega trucks if you like. Sorry, Dave. Do go on. That is. Yeah, at this side, I'm just having no one loses their life and this thing because that would make this all feel very inappropriate.

People very insensitive. Mega, what? So, I have to get up between 700 and 1000 mega. And if test conditions had been as planned, the procedure would almost certainly have been carried out safely. But we know it wasn't. What? Make it a while. And okay, and when I am with the first steps of the test, we're starting to take place.

Another regional power station unexpectedly went offline, and the Kiev electrical grid controller requested more power from Chernobyl, so they had to delay turning off the reactor. So it was delayed at 11pmpm the shutdown was allowed to start, which is like nearly 24 hours later, 22 hours later. This long delay had some serious consequences. The day shift had long since departed. The evening shift was also preparing to leave, and the night shift would not take over until midnight, well into the job. The night shift had very limited time to prepare for and carry out the experiments. It was kind of like, these guys in the day were supposed to do it it but then at night suddenly you're like, oh what we're gonna do a shutdown

Ah, I just wanted to catch up on the TV show People don't need as much parent night was usually like a pretty cruzy shift. Yeah It's gonna watch Season three of family ties on Netflix Family ties part of part of that was definitely. Part of that word. But yeah, the Netflix didn't. That was, was that important for you to back then?

I don't know, the light bulb wasn't. It was about to be. So the light bulb comes about in this. Like it's one of those. Often that happens in science, isn't it? You know, they're trying to find something else and then as a weird side effect, they invent a bulb it's always a light bulb it's very strange yeah everybody just keeps inventing light bulb over the year we've been in the

palms and the pile yeah I'm gonna kill a candle I made six light bulbs how many how many megawatts megatrot how Megalwood? 700 normal trots. Ooh. You're a lot of small room. Good on you. Fuck, I'd get out of here. Alexander Akamov. What's your name? Akamov.

Akamov was the person in charge of the shift, the night shift. Akamov opposed conducting the test in such conditions, but he was ordered to continue by his supervisor. I do not think we should do the test. in such conditions, but he was ordered to continue by his supervisor. I do not think we should do the test. So petty. No, it's fine. I was pretty accurate, I imagine. I imagine, well that was the most offensive thing so far.

I imagine. Well, in the documentaries, they all spoke like that. Yeah, genuinely. English, English, and... Some were being translated The reactor he was telling his boss It was it was unstable unsafe to for the test to be run But he's supervisor and a totally diatolov

Oh great Threatened to fire him if he didn't shut up and continue the test. Oh, that yeah, you don't want to lose your job That'd be awkward I'm gonna just go ahead and do one of the worst things of all time Yeah, cuz he knows it's gonna be the worst thing of all time. Yeah, he doesn't know what a what a rip does he really? Yeah, he knows that's a whole new piece of information. I wasn't aware of he knew and just to save his fucking job this piece of work Yeah And just to save his fucking job, this piece of work. GAAAAY! Well the Adelove was late.

Yeah, Dick has. Well the Adelove was a dick and he was later found guilty for criminal mismanagement of potentially explosive enterprises and was sentenced to 10 years in prison. Ooh. He also died, but... No, he lived. He lived to he went to jail for years. So people survived this, but did he grow extra things? Well, we'll get to we'll get to. I don't I don't need to know about that. I feel like when we get to

that bit, I'm gonna be very disrespectful and you need to keep me in line because they're real people. I feel free to put down Anatoly, Dieta Love. Dieta Love. It is a lot, it can be blamed when they go. Let me have a third guys. There's not too many names in this story, but Leonid, what? Leonid? Leonid?

It's spelled in a different way that I'm used to. But I imagine it's Lenid, imagine it's Leonard Toptenov. Toptenov. I wish I had a pen and paper to write these names down. He was the Toptenov. It's fine. I'll remember. No, I'm great. Okay, Rondy. Toptenov was the operator responsible for the reactor's operational regimen, including movement of control rods. Now, final science bit, control rods, they're not, they don't have nuclear stuff in them.

They're rods that are inserted into the reactor to control the fission. They're both the brakes and the accelerator. So the further you put it in, the slower the splitting is. Did you, are you laughing at, you're finding putting a rod into a... Reactor? Concexual? No. A reactor.

What's the reactor in this laughing at something else I heard earlier today shut up but the reactor your picture is like someone's butt aren't you you think a reactor is another name for a butt is that what you say yeah knew it knew it pretty funny we talked about inserting a rod. Oh, my reactor. I got an ammo. Oh, gee, get your run out of my ring. Control your rod, man. That's a pretty fun word for butt.

Nuclear reactor. Yeah, man. I had a big carry loss. And the nuclear reactor is not responding well. Got the control rod in there? There's a plug. plug it up your household that's what this whole story is about back to that it's like he's burial what all over it's all yeah every all comes back to what it's all about

plug and people up it does feel like our lowest common denominator episodes if and we we're normally pretty low but we're trying to explain science to the people. It's hard. We're trying to bring it down to the people's level. It's layman's terms. So let me explain to you. So you insert these control rods to slow or stop nuclear fission.

So if your atoms are going crazy and splitting too much, causing too much heat, you send in the control rods to gate crash the party and ruin it for everyone. They're kind of like cops. Oh, Dave, well, like for a noise complaint, like they go in there and then they, you know, everything's getting a little bit crazy, the next call of the police,

they put the control rods. They turn the lights on. Yeah, the lights are on and you're like, oh my god, where am I? Yeah. That's it. They would turn the lights on. I was at the, I was at the closing night party

of the comedy festival. When they did turn the lights on at 5'30 in the morning, it kicked everybody out. That was the control rod. You were a uranium particle splitting. Oh baby. Way too much. I was a uranium particle.

Splitten. Splutty. Splitten everywhere. Fishing on the dance floor. Now it's quite responsible, no, it's my time. So these control rods are pretty good. They're pretty good. They did the jump.

Keep you in check. Topped an off. The operator I just mentioned. Lennard. Topped an off the operator I just mentioned, then it topped an off. He was a young 26 year old engineer who worked independently as a senior engineer for only three months, so he's not very experienced. He inserts the control rods too far into the reactor and... That's a cheese. Oh my.

My reactor. So he wanted to slow down the process, but he he put the rods in too far and now it's only Outputting 30 megawatts of power remember it's supposed to be 700 that's right mega trots and then he put it even Right so supposed to be 700 it's only doing 30 and then it stalls all together So all the reaction stops. There's no energy. Oh, that's not bad though It's not good if you want to do an experiment. Yeah, but it's not going to lead to an explosion or anything. No, it's just stopping everything. But, say, now it's got no power. They've got to do something about it.

De-Atlop the guy who I mentioned is going to get a jail later on. He ordered everyone to restore power and get the party started again by disabling the automatic system governing control rods and manually extracting the majority of the reactor control rods out of the reactor. So what's happened is Matt's falling asleep. I'll explain. So what happened is you've had too much rod going this so it stopped. So he's ordered, let's get all the rods out of there to get it going real quick.

Oh, okay. Yeah. The problem is now he's taking all of those out. You've essentially taken your break out. You're taking any control. Yeah. And also the safety backup ones. Yeah, the problem is now he's taking all of those out. You've essentially taken your break out You're taking any control. Yeah, and also the safety back-up ones. Yeah. Oh, okay And do you love did this despite the young man top-ton-off protesting this was considered unsafe in his training? But do you have to love one to get the test done that night and ignored his subordinates? No one really want to lose their well-paid

respected jobs as nuclear engineers because they get paid to work at the power plant And they also get their rent paid and it's quite a prestigious thing Sure, so everyone's like all right, here's the bus. We'll just do what the bus says Alarm started going off about core temperature and were ignored Apparently because they want to preserve the power because it was being outputted by the reactor So the power's getting more but alarms like ah, there's a little too much and they're like now keep going keep going davam's and i think there was a little bit of human error involved i'm uh...

but that's an interesting pick up you have that you're very upset it was a bit young man uh... they started hearing sirens people are like uh... the cops are coming should be turned the music down and they're like fuck and fuck and we only ten sixteen once keep it going yeah that was David he's 16 but yeah I was yelling let's keep the new clear reactor rockin yeah fuck those control rod pigs still talking about your butt yep yeah fuck those control rod pigs in my

butt power got up to power got up to 200 megawatt so it's getting back towards 700. That's a lot. And the experiment continued. By this day, nearly all control rods were had been removed manually, including all but 18 of the 211 fail safe control rods. I'm not new to clear scientists, but I really don't think

you should be removing anything that says fail safe. Yeah, probably. So they had 211 of these fail safe things, and they pulled out all but 18 of them. The automated system that inserts all the rods in an emergency head also had been disabled to maintain power level and many other automated and even other passive safety features of the reactor had been bypassed. And yet the experiment continued. 123 AM, the steam to the turbines were shut off and run down of the turbine generator began.

So that's when the minute of, we're trying to get the turbine making power, are the diesel stuff fires up, so they're starting that bit. As the moment of the turbine generated decrease, because it's got no steam power anymore, the water flow rate decreased, so there's less water going into the reactor now, leading to increased formation of steam bubbles in the core, which increased the reactor's

power output even more. This output increased, cause more water to turn it to steam, giving further power increase. Now they've got this weird loop where the more power they have, the more steam is increased, and the more steam is increased, the more power. And it keeps just sort of self-fulfilling itself too much power too much fucking power is that your impression of a new clear reactor well my next bit was people in the next to the reactor remember hearing a sound that night that sounded a lot like that's not true I just made that up.

Oh that's not true. It's not true. What was that Dave just being a little bit funny? Hey Dave, just all we ask is you to commit alright mate, it's a bailing on your sweet gear. Thank you. Now leave him to do the facts, Leave the jokes to us mate, okay? We're gonna, I'm, yeah, I've been searching a

episode for a joke. I will find one, but it's tricky. It's tricky, it's tricky. I really got you with Megatrotts and that. Well you said Megatrotts but then I really like that. Oh you really, you took it, yeah. I took, I read it. It was like we're in... It was like an alley hoop. I thought it was more like, you know, You were the steam and I was the heat thing and then we made bubbles the more power and the bubbles It just creates more more jokes are very similar to nuclear power. Yeah, it's all vision It's all vision baby

Remember here That's the truth So they've got this crazy loop going on where it's getting hotter, more steam. Oh it's getting hotter baby. More steam, more stuff. It is a hot and steamy in there. Usually this would be controlled by inserting these emergency control rods. When it gets hot and steamy we insert the rods.

But guess who's to sayble those? Remember they turn those off? Trotsky? No. No, that's not me. Let it demoy, let it demoy. Let it demoy and the atelolove. Disabled those remember they turn those off trotsky. No, no Let it be more into the at-a-love It's like telling the police to piss off when they come over from nose complain But then barkies rock up and you're like oh no come back come back

Shit off. Fuck it the nuclear power's gone off Explosion time at 123 a.m. and 40 seconds and emergency shutdown of the reactor That's the most insensitive this has ever been described. So cold. That was the coldest. I'm not going to make cold water. We really are. And 1.23 a.m. and 40 seconds and emergency shutdown of the reactor. They started panicking. They're like, we've got to shut this bad boy down. There's parties over. So I'm just Someone just got out of gun and fired into the air.

Farted into the air. They fired into the air. That's so good. You get out of gun and I was like, he's gonna shoot anyone. He's like, and people left that fucking party in five seconds. Oh, but this emergency shutdown inadvertently triggered an explosion.

It is pets. Hahaha. It is like they have followed through. They have definitely followed through. Oh no. Well at least everyone's left a party. Probably gotta clean myself up. Oh.

Uh, so, and a move up. So, and I moved. That was when you went too far. I was happy with it. For the ones who get it done, the most important part is the one you need now, and the best partner is the one who can deliver. That's why millions of maintenance and repair pros trust Granger, because we have professional great supplies for every industry, even hard to find products, and we have same day pick up and next day delivery on most orders. But most importantly, we have an unwavering commitment to help keep you up and running.

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Take classes online or on campus, and financial aid is available to qualified students, including the GI Bill. Now is the time, mycomputercareer.edu. And emergency shuts down of a reactor is called a SCRAM, SCRAM, which apparently stands for, I love this, Safety Control Rod Axeman. Oh, okay. You're the Safety Control rod X-man you feel like, BOOM! And you like try and insert these rods to shut it down.

BOOM! I think it's the best acronym of ever. Safety control rod X-man put that on my resume. It does feel like, and so many of those, I like that, but they'll get close to a word and then they'll have to like shoehorn another word or two in to make... To make scram sounds also. Yeah.

And easier to remember. Safety control rod, man. Scram. Axe man. Yeah. BOO! Yeah, just to imagine a guitarist playing a secret riff that turns on the 3 actors shut down. Lililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililililil No, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, noAM. Basically, the SCRAM, you want to get your rods in there to stop the reactor ASAP. You want to get your rod in there. ASAP, that's the initialism.

ASAP, that's right. Quickly, you want to get your rod in quick. You want to get your rod in quick and you want to leave it in there real deep, real deep, just to stop everything. But a few seconds after the start of the SCRAM, a massive power spike occurred. The core overheated and seconds later, the overheating resulted in the initial explosion. Let's give you a few of these. Some of the fuel rods inside, which is the stuff with uranium in it, are fractured, blocking the control rods, and stopping them from being able to be inserted. So you can't put them in anymore.

So there's been explosion. The rods are now blocked, so you can't get it in there to stop it all. So the power spiked within three seconds, three seconds the reactor rose above 530 megawatts, which was just doubled in three seconds the power output. The power spiked caused an increase in fuel temperature and massive steam buildup leading to a rapid increase in steam pressure. Then according to some estim, the reacted jumped to around 30,000 megawatts. 30,000. But they just wanted it to be at $7,000.

$700. I know. Now they've gone way too far, they have the other drug. Oh, shit. Earlier, they had bloody 30. They've got the other thing. 30,000. That's too bloody, but he made a trot.

There's too many. Make a trot. So that's 10 times the normal operation happen. Too much. That is crazy. And suddenly everyone's internet was really fast. Yeah. And unfortunately it's one of the amtes and no one's online.

It's real waste. Oh, off the roads. Off the roads. There's off the roads. Is there anyone else picturing when they're talking about inserting rods and stuff, that they're just standing right at the top of those cooling towers, you know, and just like dropping them into the big... No, I imagine them... Yeah, but I'm imagining them very kind of easy.

Easy, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, that kind of how it was. It's more of a robotic sort of system. Disappointment. Oh, robotic at the top of the cooling tower dropping in, I think we're stringing again. Yeah, I'm imagining C3PO, like that kind of robot. B-bop, B-bop. With a guitar. D-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d-d And explosive steam pressure from the damaged fuel channels escaping into the reactors

X-Tiric is a sort of cracked a bit now. It's going everywhere. It caused a detonation that destroyed the reactor casing, which is the thing that holds everything together. It's encased. We know what casing is that Dave. That was the one word you didn't have to explain today, but thank you. We do have a dictionary definition of everywhere in here.

Taring. No, it was just. We do have a dictionary definition of everywhere in here. Taring, do you want to tear it? No, it was just... It was about 4,000 words. Yeah, because every single word has a footnote. Which it tore off and blasted the 2,000 ton upper plates of the roof of the thing. It just explodes off from the steam. And it fires into the air. The entire reactor assembly is fastened to this and it goes through the roof of the building.

It just goes, shiss! So that's real bad. A second more powerful explosion occurred two or three seconds later. This explosion damaged the core even more. The reactor's containment vessel, the thing holding on was ruptured and burning lumps of material and sparks shot into the air above the reactor. This nuclear excursion released 40 billion joules of energy, the equivalent of 10 tons of TNT and Uranian and graphite, which is really, really poisonous now, is spread hundreds of meters around the plant, so it just goes everywhere real quick. When I was working in retail at a big shopping centre, when it used to rain really heavily, sometimes the roof would like

and we were on the top level and we'd get like bits of water coming into the store and I remember sort of like the panic because we didn't know what to do. Imagine this situation! Imagine being there, just like shit is literally exploding everywhere. So I just went through the roof of the fucking plant. Imagine this situation. Imagine being there, just like shit is literally exploding. Shit is literally exploding everywhere. So I just went through the roof of the fucking plant. Yeah, it's so big. A sprayer fire charged with radioactive particle shoots 100...

Sorry, 1,000 meters into the sky. What? So it's massive explosion straight up above the reactor. Is that high enough to hit a plane? I was just wondering, is that... Is that have gone over the realter? Yeah. Wow. Yeah. For the real for the for the list is real terms of tall building in Melbourne. It's like it's like it's not even the tallest. It used to be the tallest. But maybe in 1986 it probably would have

been right. 80s reference. Thank you. So good. So now there's just a massive gaping hole above the reactor big big gaping hole for the day Didn't even think about any of this one right explosions gaping holes Not at all very lately. Oh my god Just don't want to say anything anymore So we it's easy to blame but these dudes in the control room, but also later on after the USSR was dissolved, KGB documents from the time...

It dissolved the whole USSR? Bloody hell! That's how big this is. But documents were released, stating that authorities, when they were building the nuclear power plant, ignored warnings in the 70s and 80s that Chernobyl had design flaws, but our Chernobyl's director received big bonuses when he rushed the building to the plant and reactor number four in particular was completed ahead of schedules.

He was getting all these bonuses for getting it done. For example, contrary to safety regulations, Bitumen, which is a combustible material, had been used in construction of the roof of the reactor building, even though in the plan it was supposed to be something that couldn't combust. Right. And this resulted in when the material was blastered through the roof, it's all unfire,

because it's so hot. It starts five fires on the roof of the adjacent reactor number three. So you have to worry about two nuclear reactors. It was imperative these fires are put out to protect the cooling system of reactor number three. So first on the scene when you have a fire you call the police. Fire fire. Oh they had no idea. Peter man wait I'll keep guessing I'll get it. Peter ghost man. You do the riff. You do the riff. get it. Yeah, pizza guy. Priceman. Do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do do It's starting to sound like there's a few things went wrong and it all culminated in a disaster. Thanks for that Matt.

Great. Good contribution. I'm glad you are reliving that. Yep. Matt, you feel like that's an accurate thing to say? No, I don't. Because you think like I always figure, you know, it's like, oh, just one bad thing happened. But no, it's a bad thing.

But it's like, oh, it was designed poorly and they had idiots running it. It's like so many bad things had to designed poorly and they had idiots running it. It's like so many bad things had to happen. And they were out of time. So they did it when they weren't planning to do it. Yeah. And then they're not ready for any of this kind of stuff to happen. You got a nuclear power plant. You think that you'd be ready. First on the scene of the fire fighters, they had no idea how they thought there was just a fire, no one told them that it was from the reactor, so they thought there was putting out a fire, so they're not wearing any safety gear, they're getting as close as anyone ever gets, and they had no idea how, there's radio actually smoke all around them, and...

What's the magic, because it's on the roof, right? So I'm imagining this is quite high as well. It's on the roof, but then inside the reactor is so hot that it's molten magma, so they're just pouring water onto it, which actually does nothing. Oh, shit. Which doesn't work, it doesn't put it out this type of fire. They thought it was an electrical fire, because that's what they probably were used to. No one at the time thought, even the people in the control room thought they'd been something

else had happened, they didn't realize they'd had a meltdown. Right. So how do you not realize? Well, the power-d shut off as well, so like a lot of their safety stuff's gone out. Plus they're ignoring the alarms anyway. Also, yeah, exactly. They were ignoring the alarms.

And so the big boss, the guy that would go to jail, he stays behind, he doesn't die, but the two people that I was talking about before that were rejecting, they go to see what's gone on and they would later die of radiation poisoning. Oh, shit. Because they had not, they had told that had been exposed and they were like, what's going on? they would later die of radiation poisoning. Oh shhh. Because they had not, they had told that they'd been exploding. They'd, what's going on and then they went there.

Oh. But the radiation is so intense that our two of the firefighters die that night. So it just kills them almost straight away. What? Now the nearby town of Pripyat, where everyone's living, are only three kilometers away. It's not immediately evacuated. They hear the explosions that night, but they're not told of the disaster

and they're completely oblivious as to the danger they're now in. Oh, it's like a hoax. Some people start to fall ill within hours, and what's going on? Because there's radioactive pollution going throughout the year. What kind of, like the firefighters who died of radiation poisoning? What sort of symptoms are attributed to radiation? So you have radiation poisoning. You start feeling sick and then you have vomiting and diarrhea and then like intense.

And then there's this latency period where everything seems okay and then it starts to get worse again which is really, really bad. And you start developing radioactive burns. Oh. Yeah. Like really, which is really, really bad. Yeah. And yeah, and it also, it changes the composition

of your blood. Really? This is such an intense thing. Yeah, so it's really, really bad. And if you get really close, the burns can kill you within hours or days. That's incredible. Or a better can also affect you, and you can develop

sicknesses later on which we'll Talk. I think it's possible that one day there'll be a human that can withstand that and it'll actually Make them superhuman Probably not okay, okay, no, but good question though. Thank you. Interesting. Yeah, good question A commission was set up on the same day in the daylight hours to investigate the accident. It was headed by Valerie Lagasov, an internationally renowned nuclear physicist who would commit suicide of the guilt over the way the disaster was handled two years later. Oh boy! So it didn't handle very well and the ten of Pripyat is discovered that the radiation levels

that next day are already 15,000 times more than usual. And by that evening, by the evening 24 hours later, the levels have hit 600,000 times their natural occurrence. So in that first day, the inhabitants received 50 times what is considered an acceptable dose of radiation. If they'd stayed, they would have all died in just four days. So the commission made it to the plant that night, and by that time, two people died 52 in hospital, these firefighters and stuff, and they were like, okay, it's banned. We fucked up. They didn't realize how bad it was straight away, but then when they're getting these levels,

they shouldn't realize that the reactor was destroyed and extremely high levels of radiation had caused a number of cases of radiation exposure, the levels of radiation at the reactor 4 itself, like ground zero, are so high that they would give a human being a lethal dose in 15 minutes, so you can't go pretty much near it. And the radiators and levels are getting higher every second, it's getting worse and worse and worse. In the early hours of April 27th, 24 hours after the blast, they ordered the evacuation of the town. So they're finally getting everyone out. 24 hours later though.

Yeah, so about this time people have been exposed to a quite a lot of radiation. Residents which hold, they would only be gone for three days, but they never went back. Like it's still abandoned now. So you can, like there's documentaries and stuff, the town is pretty much as it was on that day. Because people told you'd be back in three days and they didn't have enough time to pack things had to get out straight away. So they pretty much took the clothes on their back

and the rest of their houses and furniture is still like sort of pristine. 30-year-times. So people have gone in with cameras and stuff? Yeah, cameras and stuff, yeah. The next day, he talks again for evacuating people from a 10 kilometer zone around the area. Then 10 days later, they decided, no,

it's not enough to evacuate 30 kilometers around the, it's called the exclusion zone. It's still in, in take, there's a 30 kilometer exclusion zone. And 130,000 people are evacuated. So it's a big operation, massive. 130,000, just wow. So this evacuation began long before the accident was publicly known throughout the Union and let alone the world.

On April 28th, two days after the disaster, radiation levels set off alarms at a nuclear power plant in Sweden, a thousand kilometers away. And they panicked that they'd had a, they were like, what's going on? Like their instruments started going off. And then they call up the nuclear commission. They're like, what's going on? Like their instruments started going off. And then they call up the nuclear commission. They're like, someone's going on. Do you know, has anyone, and USS Hara has tried to keep this quiet? Because the Cold War, they don't want to look weak.

They don't want to tell anyone what's going on. So American spy satellites discover this smoldering plant. So they see a photo of it. And then the Soviet Union of Force to publicly admit that a small accident has occurred. We had a little whoopsie but everything's fine. And it's crazy like at 9 or 2 that night, a 20 second announcement was read in the TV news.

And this is all it said. There's been an accident to Noble Nuclear Power Plant. One of the nuclear reactors was damaged. The effects of the accidents are being remedied. Assistance has been provided for any affected people, and investigative commission has been set up. And that is the only mention that you make of the disaster. Was it, how did anything like this happen before? Like, do they, would they, were they aware of how deadly it could be? So this is the still consider the worst nuclear

disaster in history. And before that point, there'd been a few sort of little of things, but not many people have sort of died or been exposed to lots of radiation. This is definitely like the worst thing. And all this time, the reactor is still burning and radiation is still spreading because it's such a hot fire down, it's like a 3,000 degree fire. There's 1200 tons of white hot magma at the bottom of that reactor and 195 tons of nuclear fuel burning in that. So that's why the radiation levels are getting higher and higher. 1200 tons of white hot magma at the bottom of that reactor and 195 tons of nuclear fuel burning in that. So that's why the radiation level is getting higher and higher.

And because of the radiation and the heat, it's impossible to get closer than a few hundred meters above using helicopters. So they try to put the fire out by sealing the reactor by throwing sand bags into it. They hope to smell the flames and fill the reactor with sand and boric acid which neutralizes radiation. So they keep the throwing hundreds and hundreds of bags. The area above the reactor is 15 times the lethal dose, and some of these 600 piles make 33 trips in a single day. And it is estimated that they are all severely poisoned and die. It's really, really bad.

But the sand starts melting from the intense heat of the fire, and cracks begin to appear in the makeshift plug in the sand which caused the temperature to rise. So it's getting, now it's sealed it but it's getting hotter in there. Jesus. So scientists were worried that it would have got to a certain temperature, a second explosion much worse than the original would happen. So sand wasn't working so it started dropping lead into the whole chunks of lead. The heat was enough to melt the lead and it sealed the whole.

But some lead vapors start going into the atmosphere and guess what? Lead is also very dangerous. Really? So now they're adding, they've replaced the nuclear stuff with like lead going into the air and that's not good for people to breathe in either. The fire is still burning under the lead seal and the cement block underneath the magma is in danger of cracking and letting it drip through the magma and the radiation. And the water, the fireman poured during the first hours of the disaster has pulled below

the slab and if the radioactive magma makes contact with the water, it will make a chain reaction, it was set off an even bigger explosion. So now they were at holly shit, there's water under there and there's magma dripping through and if it touches through, the explosion would be three to five megatons and I'll explain that no idea what that meant. Meaning a city, the city of Minksk, 300 kilometers away, that would have been destroyed if this explosion goes off. And much of Europe would have been uninhabitable. So real, real bad. Holy shit.

Like you two people talking about Chernobyl, I had no idea. So I'm showing you town 300 Ks away. Yeah, and I had no idea how bad it potentially could have been. Let's say for example, so like in Melbourne, 300 Ks would wipe out like all of, Jalong's gone, all of the towns along the Great Ocean Road, that's just one direction. Holy crap. I didn't really thought 300 kilometers is such a long way. It's a long way, like a Polo Bay where I have good beach hours.

If Melbourne went out, it would be like half way, you know, a third of the way into the all the Victoria. Yeah, yeah. I'll stay three minutes. So that's so they're really freaking out about this. Wow. Very, very scared. So what they do is they drain the water from underneath, which actually is the crisis of dirt. They can do that remotely. No, what they do is they get guys travel into the reactor via tunnels where big power cables have been. Walk in there and they have to navigate through the rubble and stuff. And the exam in the scene using a camera,

put a camera through like one of those tiny little people cameras, and find that magma has cracked the cement and is seeping into the dirt below the plant. So now there's no water there, but below that dirt is a waterway that supplies the entire country with water. So now radiation might drip into the water, and this is also connected to the black sea and it could like poison. Like a lot of Like a lot of ocean. Fuck sake. So 10,000 miners have shipped in from around the Soviet Union. It's decided they will dig a big tunnel underneath a plant where they build a room two meters high and 30 meters wide. And the initial plan is to put a liquid nitrogen cooling

system to set up to try and cool it all down. The men walk around the clock in a tunnel with no ventilation at the temperature is 50 degrees Celsius. Oh, gosh. Because it's too hot for them to wear protective gear, so they dig with that mask. Around the clock in a tunnel with no ventilation at the temperature is 50 degrees Celsius Because it's too hot for them to wear protective gear so they dig with that mask and they try they dig really deep to try and keep away from the radiation But they still got a big it is it's like digging in Bikram yoga Yeah, no Dave. I said Bikram digging. I didn't I didn't feel the need to explain. I fucking anyway I do go on. I thought it was

Might have been missed by Matt so I repeated it for him. Well, it wasn't. Um, so yeah. Fuck off Dave. Do fuck off. Hey, I, I feel like everything they've done has been a mistake almost, is that? Literally everything.

It's not a good idea. It's pretty's pretty bad. They're dealing with that mask. They're not told how dangerous it is at the time. They tell anybody anything. I don't think they do it. I think that most people would be like, oh, fuck. Run away.

It's awful though. Yeah. But I have also read interviews with survivors of these minors and they're like, well, we were aware that it was pretty bad, but it was our duty. So there's some incredibly brave men. Well, do you know what it is? It's like, well, you know, you'd be in the mindset of, it's better that I get sick rather than this destroy.

Yeah, exactly. Well, well, well, it will probably kill us anyway. Exactly. Like it will kill everybody. Well, that's pretty great from those people. Oh, I'd be a big old cow with that. Yeah, me too, I'd be a little old. I feel like, oh, did you want us to start today? I've got to flow.

If I was a miner, I'd be digging a hole somewhere else and hiding in it. You could probably just do that anyway. You don't have to be a miner, so dig a hole. Just living a hole to hide in. No, digging houses. Yeah, okay don't have to be a minus a dick. We're living in the hole to hide in. No, a dick in the hole. Yeah, a dick in the hole. Dicking holes.

Yeah, right. Just after the show, we're going to go watch you dig a hole and hide in it. Big enough to live in. OK. Dig his off out of this hole, Jess. Yeah. I think, well, as you've proved to be quite good at dicking holes,

haven't you? As Dave just said. See, you took a game. Thank you. So these 10,000 miners in a little over a month they did a 150 meter tunnel, which a job, but if they weren't working under those conditions, we'd usually take three months. So they just working around the clock, really, really hard stuff. But the liquid nitrogen system is never set up and said they just fill that tunnel with concrete and that stops the radiation dripping through the water below.

Right, that's a huge win. So that's a big win. That's a win, great. It's the first win they've had so far. Yep. Job everybody. But those miners, one in four of them won't make it to the age of 40.

Oh, boy. Big sacrifice by those guys. So now you have to clean everything up. So you've sort of stopped the, you've sealed the whole, you've got concrete underneath. There's not going to explode anymore, but everything in around that area is covered in radiation. So 100,000 Army reserve soldiers and 400,000 civilians in clean like medical staff engineers and miners are called in to help with the clean up. So 500,000 people, these people are dubbed the Chernobyl liquidators. They're called liquidators.

Because they all became liquid within three years of the disaster. Math year. Is that true? That's not true. Okay, sorry Jess. I said that like it was a fact. Is that what I'll tell you? No, it was that it was, they became liquids.

They've fed these people heroes. What have you done? I was under the impression that you you had no respect for the dead. I don't know where you got that info. Listen to many of our previous episodes for such references. Man it will be so good now if in the edit I just chop in clips of you going fuck the dead I will tell you that some of these 500,000 people may have been accountants Wow It's possible. I mean there's half a million people. What are the chances that not one of them is trained in accounting? Yeah, what are the chances? I'm still planning there for you Jess. Fuck him all of them all of them bloody

Sociating within accountants., you see one account and you'll take out 500,000 people. No problem. I'm glad it exploded. So, the sound of the reactor again. Jesus, really wearing his head over there. So, like, Tim Allen. Oh, everything is covered in radioactive dust, so everything in this exclusion zone is cleaned and washed, which is a massive job. How does it either cleaned of radioactive dust or simply knocked down and is buried? From the sky, helicopters drop thousands of tons of sticky liquid that coagulates and plastic is radioactive dust to the ground, so it's not going up in the air anymore, it's pretty clever. Sticky liquid.

Okay, so we've got... So we've got... We've got... We've got rods. Gaping holes. Gaping holes. Explosions inside of... My pants.

I mean, I react to call. I mean, they're react to call. Oh, no. All right, so the cleaning stuff up, stuff's getting a bit better, but eight weeks after the explosion, the liquid data has to tackle the heart of the problem. The reactor itself, which has been covered up by lead, but it's still very unstable, has to be isolated by a giant,

what they call sarcophagus, where they're going to build a massive room around it and just encase it. But the first, the roof of the plant must be cleaned of thousands of pieces of radioactive graphite. There are tiny little pieces of like little rock looking things, but they're all highly radioactive. At first, the cleanup is done by remote control operated robots, but the radiation is so strong it starts messing with their circuits. Oh man. It's too radioactive for robots, dammit.

So they decide that people must be used. Yeah, sure. If the robots can't handle it, people can. Yeah, so but one piece of this graphite gives off enough radiation to kill a person in less than one hour, so the solider's chosen for the job are nicknamed biorobots. No human has ever worked in zones as radioactive as this, the most radioactive sort of work zone ever. They are sent onto the roof with hastily made hand-soned

lead suits for 45 seconds at a time, because that's all your body can sort of take. You run out there with your shovel, you've got 45 seconds, you're in a team of eight, you pick up one piece of graphite with a shovel, you go to the edge and you throw it off, and that's your job, 45 seconds. And then you die, sir.

And it's where they are they throwing it off? They just don't want it on the roof anymore so they put on the ground so like you know bulldozer. Just get a leaf blower. Well I was looking at it and I've watched video of them do it. They get up there with a tiny shovel, they do a tiny, it would have been much better if someone ran out with a bucket, someone came with a shovel, filled the bucket for 45 seconds, ran to the end, tossed the bucket off. I should have been doing this thing or a leaf blow or a leaf blow

No wonder that person committed suicide. Yeah, he was Felt a lot of pressure because it was not handled very well. Graphite blower because I don't have a leaf blow or quite blow the graphite If they're tiny little bits. Oh, they're tiny little bit So you're maximum setting. Okay, all right, are you okay? You get heavy leaves sometimes. You do too. And I want to talk in an electric one.

We'll get one of those diesel powered ones. Oh, diesel, okay. Maybe nuclear power. Nuclear power, now we're talking about it. Nuclear powered leaf blower to blow up the engine. I imagine if the blower could harness the nuclear power. It took three and a half thousand of these biorebots, two and a half weeks of shoveling around the clock.

And every interview I read I watched in documentaries, the people that were exposed to radiation speak of having a metallic taste in them out. You ever have a metallic taste? Yeah, but not for radiation. You're not, not in a good, good place. I'm looking at the blue. I think the spoon might be radioactive.

I wonder if Neutrranes being taste and weird. The problem is the spoon just was talking about was plastic. That's the real problem. Yeah, that's the real problem. I'm only allowed to eat with plastic cutlery. As a reward each of these bioro bots for their very brave efforts received a liquid data certificate from the army the fuck and they all died and they 100-ruble bonus which is equivalent to 100 US dollars

100 bucks not very much for putting it on the lot and a fucking participation certificate and they probably all died later on my right or a lot of them did yep Yep. Fuck you. Keep your hundred rubles. Get fucked. And also in hindsight, yeah, fuck your rubles. That's why I'm not too in impression. Fuck off.

Fuck your rubles. Fuck your rubles. Fuck your rubles. Overall, the refer reduced the level of radiation of the roof by 35%. Great. So, it went quite a lot, but in hindsight, experts claim the level of radiation was unacceptable for any human being to ever work in Over the next seven months the reactor is the reactor is completely covered in a big building the sarcophagus All up the building and clean up. So what they do is they build it off site and with these

Thousands of pieces and then put it together on site because they can't be near it for very long and if any pieces like a jig saw is off It'll fuck the whole thing but incredible engineering makes it so it all works perfectly. Yeah, but they've made some good choices in the past haven't they? So let's trust their engineering. Yeah, well, I definitely did not. All up the building and cleanup cost 18 billion rubles, but overall damage caused by the Chernobyl disaster is estimated at some $235 billion US dollars. It's nearly a quarter of a trillion dollars. All because this guy wanted to get the test done in the middle of the night. What a dick!

400 times more radioactive materials released from Chernobyl than by the atomic bombing of Hiroshima. 400 times. Due to radioactive fallout, Belarus, which is next to the Ukraine and got a lot of the sort of smoke blown across it, lost one-fifth of all agricultural lands. It's also led to a contamination of around a quarter of Belarusian forests. A rehabilitation of the areas is still ongoing. Since 1986, Belarus has spent $18 billion on this purpose. Annually, Belarus still spends 5% of the GDP on cleanup. 30 years later, still 5%. Human damage of the accident was 2 million people who suffered from its consequences,

with over 1.3 million people including half a million of children and adolescents who still live in contaminated areas. So, still cleaning it up. Medical effects of the disaster saw a dramatic growth of cancer. A thyroid cancer being the bulk of most cancer cases. But the USSR only ever acknowledged a certain amount of people died from Chernobyl disasters and then other people have estimated that many more thousand. So they sort of this didn't really own it

there which is not really cool. So Chernobyl now 30 years later the 30 kilometer exclusion zone is still in place but 197 people are estimated to still live in the zone. Yes, mostly older people that refuse to leave and for a while that was illegal, but now the Ukraine government accepts that they're allowed to live there. But it's very, very dangerous to live there. This absolutely blew my mind. The nuclear power plant self-tenable continued to be used for 15 years after the disaster. What? Because it had three other reactors. So people still would have to work and keep that going. For 15 years, it was

only shut down in the year 2000. Why? That's just unbelievable. We need to be like, no, this is terrible, let's shut it all down. 15 years later. No, that doesn't make sense. I know. So people in the middle of the exclusion zone? Yes, so some people would go into work every day.

And some people still work there every day because the original hastily built sarcophagus was that to build in a few months It was only designed to last for 30 years, which now it's been 30 years in 2010 a construction of a new casing began It's a giant art shape that covers the reactant the old sarcophagus Oh my god, it's just gonna get bigger. I imagine that it's just gonna have to get bigger like you love to be like But like because you can't knock down the old ones. He just build a new one and get bigger. Yeah, so it's strange that we can't do anything with it like they have to just cover it up. Yeah, just cover it up. You can't get rid of it, you've just got to cover it up. In the future it's hope that technology will come along that sort of gets rid of radiation but so far we don't know how to do that. Oh god. So like, can you, you can't

go there, can you? You can go on tours, you can't go right up to the... Is it sick that I'd be interested? You will be sick. Yeah, probably. No, I'd be very interested. To see, especially the abandoned town, as at what, the time capsule will be real cool to see. That'd be fascinating, and very eerie.

I'm gonna, is that a be on YouTube, right? Yeah, yeah, it is. I'm not on YouTube, but that's pretty easy. Yeah, I know, good call. I mean, you're gonna be in Queensland, right? Yeah, yeah, it is. YouTube it, that's pretty easy. Yeah, I know, good call. Do you mean you're gonna be in Queensland, so? Same thing. So while you're in Queensland, Matt and I have a couple of weeks off, we'll visit the Mongolian Giant Horse.

Yeah. We'll go to the Burk and Wheels Cafe. Megatross ski. The name of the horse. Yeah. And all of course visit the town of Pripyat. Yeah. Okay, you guys have got a big couple of likes coming out.

Yeah, well, you know, you're off-gallavanting, we might as well. We're not just gonna sit here and wait for your Jess. Fair enough, I wouldn't ask you to. When I want you to live your life. It's very not. I was gonna sit here like a dog waiting for it's owner. Oh, no.

You do get very excited when you see me. I do, and I will be podcasting around the clock So if you want to listen to that two-week long podcast we'll release it on a separate channel coming up Just today being very hungry. It's me going fucking bored Really should have thought of that. I didn't bring a charger either my phone's dead. My phone's dead laptop's dead Got a packet of nuts found Just just literally told me not to wait and to go home and live my life, but I'm here anyway. I'm just trying to become her favourite member of the podcast.

Yeah, it won't happen. Try mate. I'll give up. Yeah, it's probably for the best mate. The team that they're building over the old term is predicted to be completed by the end of next year, 2017. So people still have to work there, obviously. Everyone employed to build the term is monitored for radiation these days. So it's safer place to work with. Yeah, sure. What happens is every day you go on to work and they scan your body, not the end of the day, they scan your body. And if you have met your

radiation dose for that year, because they can estimate how much you can have in a year without being infected, then you can't come to work again. Let's still pay you? I don't know. That'd be cool. You're annoying if you've got fire. Yeah, that's unfair. Yeah, that sounds horrible. But it also, if it's the other way around, then you just be like,

if they don't, I'm just going to lean it over into this radioactive corner of the room, so we can just get just enough. Just a tiny bit more. Not enough to kill me, but just enough to get some annual aid. Rub it in your gums. Ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha My gum's my teeth are falling out now. I'm not again. I'm still gonna get a work tomorrow I'm not again because it happened when I was a baby. I lost my baby teeth So that was a different different time that was just a natural thing. I'm not from radiation

Do you think that's weird that happens? It's so crazy when I think about it. It really freaks me out I've ever seen this skull photo of a skull with the baby teeth and the adult teeth waiting? Oh waiting to come down. Oh yeah, great. Not even. Where do they come from? Oh that's bad. They must just grow like they're not always there right so they have to grow do they? This conversation is leaving a bad taste in my mouth. Like metallic? Metallic taste, that's right. I think I might be being poisoned by this microphone.

I know, I'll put a little on there. Your smug face is the best thing I've ever seen in my life. It's so good. My smug face, which is always there. Okay, your face. The remains of reaction number four will remain radioactive for 1,000 years? You're kidding. People still like the idea of using nuclear power.

Well, I know it's a lot safer now, but I mean... This is the best poster boy for it. I've got a list of the places still having nuclear power. We'll talk about that at the end, maybe. It's likely that no further decontamination work will take place until the gamma ray dosage at the site is reduced to background levels in about 300 years. Oh, shee. But different rate at hours.

Mega, what? Mega, what? Yeah, it's difficult to get a blanket rule on when it's going to be safe again, because so many different chemicals released some are safer after 30 years, and some continue to be deadly in 300 years. It's so fascinating though that like at some point in 300 years time people are going to have to be cleaning up a mess that we made in the 80s.

I know it's just crazy. There's nothing that we're still dealing with that happened 300 years ago. Nothing I can think of. Do you know what I mean? Like a chemical sort of way. Or like what else? Still building the like, Grata familiar in Barcelona, the Gaudi design, 150 years later.

Yeah, they've got a big cathedral. Big cathedral? But that's obviously a lot more fun for people. Because they're building like a really cool building. They're not having to deal with like a terrible decision that someone made at 1am in the morning. 30 years ago. It's amazing. He fucked up big time.

He fucked up. That's a big fun. And I saw an interview before and with he went before he died and he said he didn't take responsibility. He said if it hadn't happened then because of the bad safety there It was inevitable. So I don't blame me. He blamed the plan. Maybe that's a point But I think you've got to take a bit of responsibility. Make a call. I guess you sort of have to if you want to live on And you've got you'd have to have some answers for yourself, right? Otherwise you couldn't live with yourself good you but yeah he's

he's full of shit he's believing his own bush bush so yeah and uh and people still continue to face health stuff from a people are dying young um people have uh conditions digestive circulatory nervous respiratory diseases cancers other stuff from that. Kids are born with defects, stuff like this all because it's really an awful situation. Kids are being born still with defects. 30 years later. Why do you have? Oh, because the parents got...

Yeah, and then the kids got contaminated and the junk was messed up. And then a lot of kids like you yeah, this thyroid cancer is the one thing that a lot of people have. It's interesting. And are they gonna pass that on? So is this like, this is what I was asking for, is there gonna be like a mutant species? No, I think it's gonna, I think it will get better.

It's X-man. As it goes. As time passes, but like, yeah, it's just such an awful thing that people have to deal with. There's no way you send there's no way possible that this is gonna help leap to evolution of man forward. Yeah no because then the what was the guy's name who's all in trouble then he'd be like yeah well yeah I did that. I mean I know he's dead but- Oh yeah that guy could climb and he'd be like yeah.

You're welcome. Well the only reason we built beat the machines was because I fucked up in the 80s yeah no worries I remember to get t-shirts made and say I fucked up in the 80s oh who didn't if you didn't you weren't there not you yeah we were definitely not there we were born literally the first year of the 90s We were born literally the first year of the 90s. Literally, wow! 1990, bang on. We missed it, we missed all the 80s. Missed the entire thing, and after reading about this, I'm happy about that. Me too.

Although leg warmers would have been pretty fun, but 90s had saved by the bell, so you know. Pretty cool. Pretty cool. When I wake up in the morning and I think I'm gonna make it up. I also didn't know that sentence in the middle. I'm looking kinda like a kid, but I'm looking at it and I'm looking at it and I'm just a bus all the time. It's alright.

Cause I'm safe by the bill. Oh, he's on the beach. Oh, fuck. I hate Gap of Chaser. Oh, he's out of the face! Oh fuck, I hate Gap a Chaser. Many people pointed the disaster in Noble as the beginning of the end of the Soviet Union. That was one of the first times I had to be open with the world about stuff because they had big investigations and sort of a bit like, you know, North Korea stuff happens

behind the scenes now and you don't hear about it. Yeah, but like at least something good came of it. You know, they worked on their communication skills and they were open with the rest of the world. It's like a relationship. It's slightly open with the world. Yeah, well, it's better than that. They still won't be like, for like the first 15 years, they're like, yeah, only 90 people died from it.

Like those people that died in the first day. Yeah, I was like 90 people. Only 90. Yeah, but then other people like, oh, no, I think it's in thousands. And they're like, that's cool. Coincidence. Yeah, it's something else. It's in thousands. And they're like, oh, that's cool. Coincidence. Yeah, it's something else, something else.

Probably bad lot of food poisoning on the local taco bill. You guys always blame us for everything, you know what? Taco bill has been well known to have radioactive tacos. Come on, guys. Cancer food. Cancer food. The newer shouldn't have got the cancer taco. Matt, you ordered it.

But have we learned? And I will tell you, the answer is simply no. 57 accidents have occurred since the Chernobyl disaster at nuclear power plants. About 60% of all of them have occurred in the United States of America. A bit of Americans don't learn. Otherwise, accident happened in Japan at the Fukushima power plant in 2011, which they're still dealing with. I will tell you that that in Chernobyl, the only nuclear disaster ever to register a seven

on the nuclear disaster scale. Wow. So much harder to go. And only goes to seven. And some people estimated that when higher Shinobu would have been a nine. Oh, shit. So a nine out of seven, that's how bad it was. Geez.

Fukushima's got an exclusion zone as well, right? Yeah, and Japan have since they've shut down all their nuclear power plants Well 31 countries still have nuclear reactors totaling 439 reactors worldwide the USA have 100 France has 58 Japan's 48 Russia still has 34 France isn't that big why do I have 58? So a lot isn't it? No, I'll go to be a politician. The majority of their power is nuclear. I went for a ride through France a couple of years ago and I've never seen one law, but they look like the Simpsons, you know, the big cooling tower. Look how the Simpsons got it right?

Yeah, but yeah, so many places have them. It's Spain, Germany, Sweden, Ukraine still has 15. Slovakia, Finland, Pakistan, Bulgaria, South Africa, Mexico, Brazil, Slovenia, Netherlands, Iran. So many places. And just need one idiot. Oh, no, I mean, they've probably got better safety procedures now, but it's just, you know, human error. It's so annoying. And that only fix it soon enough,

and it does just take out 300 kilometers. It's like, oh my god. We don't have any? No, Australia is one of the people countries that have said actively like against them. Yeah, good. Yeah, so we are opposed. So as New Zealand, Italy, Ireland, Greece, Denmark, Malta and Portugal.

Very good. But people still try and talk about how great they are, I think, because unlike fossil fuels that don't affect CO2 levels, they're much safer in that respect, but I don't, after reading about this, oh, I don't know. It's a very, very, it's a potentially dangerous. I still just cannot believe that we aren't all just going gung ho at renewable energy. Yeah. It just seems crazy. It's the keys in the title.

Yeah. Renewable. I don't know. Just go with the body. Let's just go. I've just got the renewable. I play my energy. Let's just get stuck into it.

It just feels like we just everyone decided this this is all we're gonna do for now and it would advance so much quicker. And it's like it's just, it's there, the sun. It's already given us the, anyway. I don't know enough about it to rant. Just feel, it feels like that's an obvious thing. I'm guessing there's a reason why that hasn't happened.

Sun, wind, water, fire, go planet. Now your We're gonna take nuclear pollution down to zero Gonna help him put his son under Bad guys who like to look and plunder Very good You'll pay for this captain planet I put two nuclear things in there So we can keep that in It's on brand for this week But you really don't have to, that's fine. I'm always happy to edit out these songs.

You don't like sing songs, I like dressing in. Well, I'm sorry, that is the story, I'm sorry if that was a depressing story. Yeah. It was no DB. No DB, but it's still, I feel like a new, very little about that. And I'm very happy that I know more about it I really knew nothing about it apart from what was a big bloody disaster and some people say that it's 30 years on now People are starting to forget how bad it was because obviously Jess and I and Matt you were so young that at the time

You don't realize how bad the disaster is. Yeah, you've heard of it, but you've got no idea Yeah, you're like oh yeah, but they say they fixed it. It's all good So go on you for spreading the word throughout widely received podcasts. Thank you very much. Chris, you're the remanche. You're the remanche. We'll be up back next week with possibly a more

upbeat topic from you, Matt Stewart. Oh, me. We'll be going into the hat for yours. Yeah, always in the hat for me. There are a few disasters in the hat now, but I'll maybe we'll take a week off from disaster. I'm sorry. I'm sorry. It's like the story is interesting. I don't like learning. To me, it's the hat rules. So whatever the hat gives me, I respect it. Okay. The hat knows what the people need. The hat wants what it wants. The hat wants what it wants. What I say, so I say, if you want to get into that hat,

you can tweet us at dogoonpod. Email us, dogoonpodatgmail.com. It's always good to hear from you guys. But yeah, until next week, stay out of trouble. And go say hi to Jess in Queensland. Do a road trip. Yeah, come visit me at Quetzlid. Matt and I'll be in Mongolia, the giant horse.

Send me pictures please. Alright. We'll do one of those ones where we're standing in front of it, making a little bit of a pattern on the head. Classic. Classic horse. So good, so good. Alright, thank you everyone, bye.

Bye! Bye! work environments. Go to mycomputercareer.edu and take the free career evaluation. You could start your new career in months, not years. Take classes online or on campus, and financial aid is available to qualified students, including the GI Bill. Now is the time. Mycomputercareer.edu you