Good Job, Brain! - 46: Baby, It's Cold Outside

Episode Date: January 21, 2013

BRR! Whip up a cup of hot chocolate as we gab about things that are cool, cold, and icy. We teach you how to build an igloo, how the ice industry started, what happens to your body when you're stuck in the cold depths of outer space, and why you feel like going to the bathroom a lot more during cold weather. (Yay, pee.) Speaking of hot chocolate, learn about a secret delicious plant that cures sore throats! ALSO: Chris' insane Music Round Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

You're listening to an Airwave Media podcast. Hello, buddy Bubba's and boo-boo bears. Welcome to Good Job Brain, your weekly quiz show and off-be trivia podcast. This is episode 46, and I'm your humble host, Karen, and we are your bubbly, bulk of bumbling buccaneers I'm Colin I'm Dana and I'm Chris Without further ado

Let's jump into our general Trivia segment Pop Quiz Hot Shot And here I have a random Trivial Pursuit card And you guys have your barnyard Buzzers and let's get ready to rumble

Blue Edge Geography What country is home to Corfu Corinth and Rhodes That's great Correct. Pink Wedge for pop culture. What U.S. government agency's anti-piracy warnings appear at the beginning of most DVDs?

FBI. It is the FBI. Food and Drug Administration's anti-piracy. Yellow Wedge. What was the first country to build and operate an underground railway system? Chris. Rome or Italy Not a country

Incorrect Was it England? It was England The Underground Yep The tube Purple Wedge What eccentric Canadian pianist

Renowned for his Bach Interpretations Had 32 short films made About him in 1993 How do you guys Know this? Glenn Gould Yes

The collection was titled 32 short films about Glenn Gould. I know it's because of The Simpsons. Green Wedge for Science. What is the common name of the plant that blooms only once every four to ten years with a flower that smells like putrefying meat? As we've discussed on these very podcast recordings, the death corpse plant, sorry, the corpse flower. It is the corpse plant.

Last question, orange wedge. What former heavyweight boxing champion? was also the first African-American golfer to compete in a PGA-sanctioned event. It's not recent. Jack Johnson. I think that's a good guess. Incorrect. Good guess, though.

Geez, Joe Lewis? Joe Lewis. He broke the color line at the 1952 San Diego Open. That's a really good trivia. Yeah, sports trivia. Ninety-two. Wow. So he was good at boxing and golf.

All right. Good job. brains and today's episode we're going to talk about all things that are cold cold cool and icy oh it's cold out there i really can't stay baby it's cold outside i've got to go away baby it's cold outside this evening has been hoping that you drop in i'll hold your hands there just like We're such a wimps. We live in like the most temperate part of the whole world. So I don't know about you guys, but on a cold January day like today, there's nothing I want less than an icy cold beverage.

That is absolutely the bottom of the list of things I want. But I would like to talk about ice. So let me ask you guys a question. Before we could do such things like walk into the kitchen. and just pull some ice out of the freezer. Where did ice come from? Like, where did we get our ice? A man brought it to your house.

Where did the man get the ice? Where do you think, up until the mid-1800s, where did we get our ice? Canada. There must be some sort of storage unit. Did they cut it out of blocks in icy places? Yeah, that's essentially what they did. Our ice came from frozen rivers and frozen lakes. Frozen bodies of fresh water, and they would literally go down and cut out as large chunks as they could

and cut it up into smaller chunks and then transport it. Right. It's as simple as that. You wouldn't put it in your drink, right? It wasn't like you were taking these chunks of ice and like filling up your soda or your iced tea or whatnot with it. Well, it's a really, really interesting story. It has so many more layers to it than I would have ever guessed before I started looking into this. So there is a lake in Massachusetts called Lake Wenham.

Currently, it's a reservoir and it services Boston. But this tiny little lake is sort of the birth of the modern, ice industry. In 1844, the Wenham Lake Ice Company set up shop selling ice and advertising ice services for delivery. That they just grabbed from the lake. That they would get from the lake. Now, this is even more impressive when I tell you that the Wenham Lake Ice Company was in London. It was not in Massachusetts. It was thousands of miles away from Lake Wenham. So it's just such a great story. Who did they sell it to? The English? To the British. That's right. To the British, and it was a high class of fare.

No, it must have been. So one of the things that they would routinely have in the front window was just this huge, transparent, almost perfectly clear block of ice just sitting there to show because it was a marvel of people walking by. Where do you get this chunk of ice? You could just go pull it out of your freezer. And they had a lot of gimmicks, apparently, too. I guess one of the tricks that they would do is they would prop up a newspaper behind the block of ice in the store window to show look how clear and magically crystal our ice is. Are there no places in England where they can get ice as well? Well, so, I mean, as you can imagine, you need a place that is cold enough, long enough out of the year and has enough fresh water.

It actually comes from outside places to England originally. So let's back up a little bit. There's a man named Frederick Tudor, and he is a Bostonian. And like a lot of these man with a vision type people, he was just a crazy guy and domineering. And, you know, just one of these guys who would not take no for an answer. and eventually alienated a lot of the people in his life, but struck it rich. So he is sort of the father of the modern ice industry. And like a lot of these other businesses we've talked about, he not only had to come up with

the product, but he had to create the entire infrastructure and then create demand for it as well. So he did. I mean, to his credit, he had this vision of shipping ice from Tiny Lake Wenham, Massachusetts, literally around the world to every country you can imagine. It comes down to the insulation. And you wouldn't think that even in the 1800s that it could be so advanced, but he did. He developed an entire infrastructure of getting it from the lake on insulated trucks into insulated ships across the ocean. One of the hurdles he had to face in shipping his ice around the world was getting ship owners to sign on to the idea.

And a lot of them thought he was crazy. They're like, you want me to transport tons of ice across the, oh, it's going to be water when I get there, you know? But he did, he convinced them like, look, if we insulate it properly, we can do. this. They tell a story that the very first shipment of the ice from Massachusetts to England was held up at the docks because the customs officials, they didn't know how to classify it. They're like, is this a food stuff? Is this an industrial good? And the story goes that 300 tons of ice melted just waiting to be unloaded from the ship there. But Frederick Tudor, you know, he smoothed out the process and got it to the point that was so optimized. He could send ice that

would survive a 130-day trip to India, and still arrive with two-thirds of the ice intact. So there was obviously going to be some melting along the way. But that was sort of, he figured if you can get it with two-thirds of it intact, it was enough, profitable enough to make the entire endeavor worthwhile. It is crazy. And it did, it literally took him years to get this industry up and running, but once he did, it did make him a very, very wealthy man. And so he had, of course, the stroke of genius of setting it up in England.

and it was an exotic luxury. It had attained almost mythical status. People said, oh, the Wenem Lake Ice, it melts more slowly than other ice. It's got these magical properties. No, it doesn't. Ice melts at the same temperature that all ice melts. Eventually, the Norwegians kind of decided to wait. As you might imagine.

Wait a minute. What do we have an abundance? And we're a lot closer to England than these Americans are. And ice. It sounds like within about a decade, the Norwegians kind of took over the most of the ice business in England. There's a lake that I guess the Norwegians would mine their ice from was Lake Opegarde. And they actually, in a very smart marketing move, renamed Lake Opegarde, Lake Wenham. So they could continue to supply, oh, this is ice from Lake Wenham.

Is this still called that today? That's a really good question, whether Lake Opegarde is still called Lake Wenham. That's a great question. But as may not surprise you, the ice industry really took off in America. Americans just went bananas for iced drinks, iced dishes, ice cream, all the things that we kind of take for granted as having cold. You had to have a way to get them from the source to the place to have them cold. Or refrigeration in general. All of Americans are really, we're really paranoid about our refrigeration.

We are. And we love ice more than any other country, apparently. But, you know, the whole system of refrigerated railroad cars, you know, they're based on ice. If you believe this anecdote, Chicago did not get its first lobster until 1842 because there was no way to get fresh seafood from the coasts into Chicago before the advent of refrigerated railroad cars, which used ice. And so all these other industries, dairy and meat. And you can just imagine, like, how it opens up the world now that you can keep them cold. And they all have Frederick Tudor, you know, at its route to thank for this. I have a question.

Did you read about how they used to insulate ice? Like, did they just use a whole bunch of salt or blankets or? So apparently, this was a boon for another industry as well. I guess Tudor discovered pretty early on that sawdust was an amazingly efficient insulator because it has just so much air trapped in it. So he would just get crazy amounts of sawdust from sawmills and use that as insulation primarily in the shipping overseas. And of course, as I say today, like when I'm no longer used for ice, sadly.

Oh, we should go get some. I mean, it's delicious. It melts slower. Yeah. So I have a quiz. It's about cold places. It's called snow or no snow. I'll say a place, the name of a city in the world, and you tell me if it's ever snowed there.

So should we just do thumbs up, thumbs down? Thumbs up for snow. Yeah, everybody can participate. All right, all right. Thumbs up for snow and thumbs down if no. No snow. All right. Freezing rain is thumbs in the middle.

Then this counts like, even if it's once, then we count it as snow. Yeah, if it's been in recorded history. Because if it happened once, it's probably happened more than that. Oh, really? Oh, interesting. So there's a few on here where it's happened once in recorded history, but it did happen. And there were pictures of it. Okay. Let's start with Miami, Florida. Colin says yes. Karen says no.

Chris says yes. Yes, it snowed in 1977. It was a big deal. In Miami? Wow. All right. What about Las Vegas, Nevada? You can't do horizontal. I'm thinking.

I'm going to say no. Colin says yes. Karen says yes. Chris says no. It did snow. In 2008, it snowed in Las Vegas. Because it does. Desert cold.

Yeah. It's dry. Yeah, it's true. I mean, yeah. Right. But it can happen. What about Key West Florida? But that's close to Miami.

Oh, this is tricky. Everybody says no. Yeah, no. It's never snowed there? It's one of the only places in the United States where it's never snowed. Ha. Oh. Yeah.

Or cities. We'll say cities. Right. What about Tucson, Arizona? Hmm. It gets hot, though. It gets... So, Colin says no.

Karen says no. Chris says yes. Yes. And actually, it's not that uncommon that it snows in Tucson. Oh, really? It happens something, yeah. But you see, like, the imagery of the South, American Southwest. Yeah, just tumbleweeds and cactuses and red rocks.

There's some really cool pictures of, like, it looks totally like desert with cactuses, but then they're covered in snow. That's weird. What about Sydney, Australia? Sydney, Australia. It's not bad with my, I mean, they're on the coast, right? Colin says no, Karen says no, Chris says yes, yes, it snows in Sydney. It's not rare.

It does snow there. What about Honolulu, Hawaii? Well, if it snowed in Miami, I can go to the best. Everybody says yes, but no. But no. That's the only other places in the United States. I know. Well, on the big island, some of those mountains.

Oh, okay. But not in Honolulu. I remember, yeah, reading once that, like, it had snowed in Hawaii. I was just thinking Hawaii in general, yeah, because all the mountains. What about Alexandria, Egypt? Hmm. Oh, it's bite. They do have a lot of recorded history in Alexandria, Egypt.

So if it ever happened, they would have written it down. I like the way you think. I want to subscribe to your newsletter. All right. Okay. So Colin and Chris say yes. Karen says no. Yes, it's not that rare, actually.

I mean, desert again just means precipitation, not temperature. Right. What about Rome, Italy? Yeah. It's got a house. Come on, yeah, right, come on. It's got to have snow there. You're right. It does have snow, but 2012 was the first time in 26 years that it snowed there. It actually doesn't really snow in Rome.

All right. Manila, Philippines. Too polluted. Everybody says no, no, yeah, no snow in the Philippines. And last one, how about Hong Kong? Oh, man. Karen says no. Chris and Colin say yes. So it snowed a few times in recorded history.

And this goes back like hundreds of years. It also snowed like in the between 67 and 75. There were four reported times when it snowed there. But it's super rare. But it does happen occasionally. I bet the snow is not like beautiful white kind of snow. It's just like a bunch of pieces of ice. You know what I mean?

Yeah, and I bet those grapes are really sour. Zing But the snow did speak both English and Chinese Yeah Oh, it's very impressive snow Cool, good job you guys Before 1997 or after It was really fun to look at the different records

Of how long weather has been recorded In different places around the world It was hundreds of years How far does it go back? Oh, hundreds of years? Yeah, there's some places in China where they have like really old records of when it was snowing But in America it's mixed

Whether or not been recording it Right Imagine that was your job. Look out the window. No snow. I think they might have a little more advanced methods than that. I'm not sure. I'm not sure. I'm not a meteorologist. Well, you know, speaking of snow, it really is a fascinating and also a useful material, much like ice. The Inuit people used to be referred to as Eskimos. That term has kind of fallen out of favor now. They have nothing but snow. So they have done a lot of thinking about how to use snow. Of course, everyone knows you can construct a dwelling out of snow called an igloo.

An igloo. Yes. These tribes tend to be somewhat nomadic, and then sometimes they'll go out on really long hunting expeditions. So these are not permanent dwellings. They can be semi-permanent. You know, you can set up shop for a while and create a really good igloo if you want to that you'll be in there for a little while. But it's not intended to. It's like a camping.

It's not real estate. Okay. Yeah, exactly. They were not affected by the housing market, is what I'm saying. You can build one, you know, while you're out hunting. So how do you build an igloo? Well, I watched a documentary video, the kind of like documentary film reel that they'd show kids in the 60s talking about it. Real, real good stuff, which is the whole thing is just like, the Eskimo admires the white man's wooden dwelling.

But he will build his home from the snow. Yeah, well, you know, the 60s stuff. So this is what you do. You stand on the snow and you start. At your feet, basically. So you have to find, like, good, hard-packed snow. So you can't just go out, like, when a blanket of snow falls across our listeners in the East Coast when, you know, your yard in Massachusetts is covered in newly fallen snow.

That is not, you can't just start building an iglu-out-a-blooded block to that. It has to be, like, hard-packed snow that's been there for a while and been blown by the wind and, you know, stomped all, you know, so not stopped on by people, but, like, just a lot of snow that's been compacted and been there forever. That's a moose have walked across it. Yeah, yeah, yeah. Seeing a lot of moose tracks. Well, pretty much the wind does it.

The harsh, bitter winds of the Arctic North. What you do is you just start cutting out blocks from where you're standing once you found a place. And you actually build the whole igloo from the inside. And you start cutting down into the snow where you're standing. So you just start cutting down blocks. Like a sunken living room. Yeah, yeah. So you cut the blocks out and you can build.

a whole igloo from the blocks that you cut out from underneath your feet, and you actually do it all from the inside. So the first thing you do, you get the blocks with various sizes, but the documentary I saw said two feet by three feet by four inch blocks of snow. And it holds together. Like, it's so cold out there. So they use snow knives, they call them, used to be made out of like ivory. But now, as the documentary said, they will trade with the white man. Trade him a fox pelt for his steel knife. And so it's just a long knife, and that's the only tool that you use to build an igloo with. So you cut the blocks out, and you just start popping them up on the snow, and you make a circle of these blocks, having them sort of sitting vertically around you.

And then here's the key part of the construction. On about seven or eight of those blocks, you just cut a sloping surface. So you cut a gentle sloping surface so that one of the blocks is really low to the ground, and then it just sort of comes up in a sort of triangular fashion across about seven or eight blocks to the next surface. one. That's all you got to do, because then you just start putting the blocks starting on that sloping surface, and what will happen is... Spiral. The blocks will spiral up towards the top at that point. So it's flat sheets, more or less, just sort of in a ring around the edge. Yep. Interesting. Cutting the blocks from below you has the added benefit of lowering the floor and making the igloo larger, right? So you start doing that. You start building these

blocks. One skilled Inuit guy can make a igloo by himself in 40 minutes. No. You make an awesome igloo all by himself, 40 minutes, just with a knife, cutting out blocks of snow and just packing them right up. Wow. You can do it for an overnight hunting shelter. You can do a longer, a stay, you know, one, a larger one. Yeah, that's my question is, like, how big is, like, the average igloo here? The quick one that you would do in 40 minutes could hold, like, two or three people, basically.

It's not super large. The interesting thing about this is you start packing the blocks up, and then the really, the tough part. I mean, not that cutting out blocks of snow in Arctic, like, like. Like 40 below wins is not hard, but it's when you get to the top. Right. Because you get to the top, and those blocks up there, those are the keystones of the whole thing. You know, those are the blocks that give it its structural integrity, because it's only once you put those last blocks in the center that it all sort of, it all supports its own weight. Right.

Again, this whole thing has been done at this point from the inside, and you look at the size of that last hole up there, and you just have to push a block up and push a block up and out. and you just start cutting away at the block with the knife to get it the right shape. So it just perfectly fits and lower it down. Now you've built yourself inside of it, so you cut a door out and crawl out, and that's your door. You cut yourself out, you come out, and then you cover all the cracks with snow, basically. Because there's nothing else really to cover them with. And then what will happen is the igloo will melt a little and then refreeze and melt a little and refreeze. That makes it stronger.

Strengthens it. You can, but like, once you build this thing out of the snow, you can go stand on it. A guy could stand on that igloo. would be perfectly fine. You put a hole near the door for air. You put a hole near the ceiling for ventilation. Now, the sort of paradox of the igloo is like, well, it keeps you warm. Well, how the heck does keep you warm? It's just a bunch of snow. It blocks the wind. And that is a huge factor. Like, the wind chill can take you from like, you know, zero degrees to negative 40, you know, so it blocks all of the wind. It traps the heat that you generate,

too. It was an insulator, so it traps your body heat, exactly. So all the heat that you generate stays in there. We all know about, of course, we've seen Chili Willy on TV, right? A little penguin living in an igloo with a woodburning stove inside the glue is so cold. That is actually, you could do that if you wanted to. You probably can't have a whole woodburning stove in there, but you can cook inside of an ingloop. You can have a small fire in there, and it would be okay. The only danger is you have to have the vent hole. Right, right. It's not that you're going to melt the igloo, it's that you're going to suffocate yourself in carbon monoxide. Yeah, yeah. Got have the vent hole.

My vision of Igloo is primarily informed by Bugs Bunny cartoons and things of that night. Now, are they really that classic kind of, that shape that I see in so many cartoons. They are. That half sphere, that hemisphere shape. That must be a structural thing. Well, I mean, yeah, a dome. I mean, as you say, it has to support its own way. That's the most solid.

That's so pleasing, actually, to hear that it's actually the shape you see in cartoons because it never is. And you could see smoke coming up out of the vent hole. Wow. I didn't know that they went under. like they were they were had a sunken area oh yeah yeah how deep is it it's just a couple more feet down yeah the thing that really got me was the fact that they could just build in 40 minutes with a knife that is amazing that kind of messes me up yeah if i tried to do that you would find me dead 40 minutes later yeah yeah yeah yeah yeah he can see he got two thirds of the way

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And then like a choir just going, pants, pants, pants, pants, pants. Give us some pants, pants, pants, pants, pan. It's like a slide with a woo. No frills delivers. Get groceries delivered to your door from No Frills with PC Express. Shop online and get $15 in PC optimum points on your first five orders. Shop now at nofrills.ca. Did archaeologists discover Noah's Ark? Is the rapture coming as soon as the Euphrates River dries up? Does the Bible condemn abortion? Don't you wish you had a trustworthy academic resource to help make sense of all of this? Well, I'm Dan Beecher, and he's award-winning Bible scholar and TikTok sensation, Dr. Dan McClellan. And we want to invite you to the Data Over Dogma podcast, where our mission is to increase public access to the academic study of the Bible and religion and also to combat the spread of misinformation about the same.

But, you know, in a fun way. Every week we tackle fascinating topics. We go back to source materials in their original languages. And we interview top scholars in the field. So whether you're a devout believer, or you're just interested in a clear-eyed, deeply informed look at one of the most influential books of all time. We think you're going to love the data over dogma podcast. Wherever you subscribe to awesome shows. So for this episode, I was thinking about cold things.

And it made me think of like a lot of household common cures for colds or remedies, right? Echinacea, chicken soup, vitamin C, you know, what you're, you know, what you're, your mom tells you to eat when you're sick. And it turns out inconclusive whether these things work or not. But I did stumble upon an interesting medicine plant. It is called Althea officinalis. And Althea means to heal in Greek. So this plant was used by the ancient Egyptians and also in Europe during the Middle Ages

and also used in traditional Chinese medicine. The leaves, the flower, and especially the root, they all have medicinal properties. But really, it's the root that's the big draw because it was used to soothe and cure sore throats, like when you get a cold. It also helps you breathe better, and a lot of recipes trickle down from the Middle Ages that called for using the root of this plant for a lot of cures. Another interesting property of the Althea plant, particularly the roots, is that it produces mucilage, which is mucus. Yeah, it used like glue, almost. Yep, gluey, gooey sap. And in many cultures, like the ancient Egyptians, they also use the sap in desserts or sweet treats.

And so the secretion was used as a gelatinous agent. So it's both medicinal and delicious in a way. Now. Like cuffs. Like cuffs are up today. Now, you may know the alfia plant by its common name. And I'm going to give you a. This is a famous quote from a famous movie.

Here's the quote. I try to think of the most harmless thing, something I loved from my childhood. The Althea plant is called the marshmallow. And the marshmallow candy indeed used the marshmallow plant and was named after the marshmallow plant. And like I said, in ancient Egypt, they used the sap as like a gelatinous thing. they would put nuts in. It wasn't until 1800s, candy makers in France sweetened and whipped up the gummy sap with meringue and sugar, and it became more of what we know or recognize as marshmallow.

And it was known as paté de Guimov. And Guimov is the name of the marshmallow plant. And so, of course, by the early 20th century, the marshmallow root extract was replaced by gelatin. Right, right. Sheep and ready. And there's actually no real marshmallow at all if you buy it. No, not today. It doesn't make your throat feel better.

And that's what a lot of old recipes say to give kids some sort of candy or sweet treatment out of the mallow plant because it soothed their throats. Because it would actually do something. Like a lozange. That's really interesting. So there you go. So, you know, talking about just cold extremes, environments that humans have to go and deal with the conditions there, I think one of the, the most iconic harsh conditions that we think of a cold is outer space, like just in so many movies and TV shows, it's just like the harsh, frigid, you know, depths of being out there.

And that's sort of true that if you were floating out in space, you would generally feel cold. And in fact, outer space, you talk about it being very, very cold. So this is sort of a preemptive, um, actually, which is... It's funny. When I think of space, I don't think of cold. I just think of being turned inside out because of event horizon. There are a lot of other problems with space.

Well, so as you guys know, space is essentially a vacuum. It is a near perfect vacuum. So there's nothing there. There's no particles. There's no mass. There's no matter. So there is nothing to be moving. There is no temperature.

It's not cold. It lacks a temperature. So that is the... That's a hard concept. It is a hard concept. So let's just all agree that we'll continue to do talking about it as cold, which is what most people do. Space is cold for the purposes of this conversation.

You would perceive it as being cold. Yes, that's right. And if you were floating out there, they talk about sort of the, quote, background temperature of outer space is negative 450 degrees. So, I mean, it is apparently cold, yes. Given enough time out there, things radiate away heat. But again, it's tough to get your mind around the fact that because it is a near vacuum, you know, like a thermos, a vacuum is a very poor conductor of heat.

hot things out in space actually stay hot for a very long time compared to what they would on Earth in a normal atmosphere. So if you had a superheated chunk of metal, let's say, it'll stay hot for a good while. You know, I always had this image as a kid, and maybe you guys did too, that the space suit for astronauts, like it's there to keep you from just freezing to death. And, you know, we have this image, as you say, Dana, of so many movies or TV shows, the person goes out the airlock and their head explodes or they turn inside out or they just disappear into this bloody, icy miss.

That actually is not what would happen. Your body. That's in my nightmares. I know, my too. Like that last scene of Total Recall when his eyeballs are about to pop out. So is it worse than that? No, it isn't. What actually happens is your brain liquefies.

Then you drink your own brain. It's not nearly as bad as the movies make you think. You die, though. You would die if you were out exposed in outer space. But actually, the most dangerous thing, thing to you is just lack of oxygen. You would die from lack of oxygen before the temperature, before the pressure, before anything else. Yeah, you would go unconscious within about 15, 20 seconds. They say that the human body actually is pretty well conditioned against pressure. Like,

they do say you would bloat, but you wouldn't burst apart. It would be uncomfortable, but your skin is pretty well protected against a vacuum. They say, like, in order, it's lack of oxygen. Eventually, the pressure, not that you would explode, but when you're in lower pressure, things boil more quickly. Blood would boil in space. And not boiling in the way that we think of like the temperature goes up, but because there's no pressure in a vacuum, vapors come out of solution. Oh, like the bends.

It's exactly like the bends, right? That's, yeah, so you would have, you would have nitrogen bubbles coming into your blood. And again, the combination of the lack of heat and the pressure means that the water in your blood would vaporize and come out. And everyone who writes about this says, thankfully, you would be unconscious at this point from hypogic oxygen. The one piece of advice that everyone seems to give is if you find yourself in a vacuum, if you find yourself about to go out of a spaceship into outer space with no protection,

make sure you exhale. Do not hold your breath. Because if you hold your breath, you go out into the vacuum of space. Your lungs will rupture because the pressure differential will cause them to expand. your lungs will rupture and then send ice vapor throughout your body. Not a good way to go. But they say that if you actually completely deflate your lungs, you can survive temporarily in a pure vacuum like that.

They've been storing like two seconds. You need to. Oh, I mean, we're talking like under a minute or 90 seconds. At the absolute outside, we're looking at like a minute. This might color my nightmares a little bit. Maybe I'll get out of it. Well, but I thought you would feel better that your head isn't going to explode or turn inside out. It does.

Yeah. And I'm like having my lungs rupture. Remember, got to breathe out, breathe out. Yeah, it really kind of shattered all these images that I had, that it's just the cold depths of space is going to freeze you to death and you're just this frigid, you know, body-shaped chain of ice. And no, it's actually not true. You don't need to worry about the cold so much as the pressure.

Man, human body and cold temperatures is so fascinating. So I have a question for you guys. It's a little personal. When it's cold outside, do you have to pee more or pee less? Peep more. I feel like I have to pee more. Yeah, you probably do. There's this thing called, yeah, cold diuresis.

And it basically is all of your blood vessels are constricting, trying to keep the warmth into your core. And then your brain triggers your kidneys, though, because they're like, oh, your pressure is too high. And your kidneys process your blood faster and take some of the liquid out. So it makes you pee faster. And then once you get warm again, you might feel dehydrated because. you actually did dehydrate yourself, your kidney stripping some of the fluid out of it. Oh, I thought it was like, if it's hot outside, then you sweat a lot more, and then that way you don't have to pee that much to evacuate liquids.

Well, when it's cold, you don't sweat, so you have more liquid to get out of your body. That was my, that's my. It's the constricting blood vessels. I always remember, like, going camping, you know, they would tell us, like, make sure you go pee before we go to sleep for the night. Because, like, when you're out in the night, they would say, like, your body waste so much energy keeping your pee warm. Don't keep it inside you.

Get it out of your system so you will be warmer at night when you're camping. And it makes a lot of sense. Wow. Don't warm your pee. Yeah. That's what your body's telling. Yeah. PSA.

P-often? Pea early pee off. Friends let friends pee pee. Yeah. Get to Toronto's main venues like Budweiser Stage and the new Roger Stadium with Go Transit. Thanks to Go Transit special online e-ticket fairs, a $10 one-day weekend pass offers unlimited travel on any weekend day or holiday anywhere along the Go Network. And the weekday group passes offer the same weekday travel flexibility across the network starting at $30 for two people

and up to $60 for a group of five. Buy your online go pass ahead of the show at go-transit.com slash tickets. Okay, well, the cold episode has come to a frigid close. And I've got a music round that has nothing to do with the cold or ice. There are no foreigner songs in here whatsoever. I thought about that, but I decided not to. The running joke, of course, about Chris Music Rounds is that I just go from the exact same pool of artists that I really like all the time.

It's a small pool. Yeah, exactly. We went back. You got to James Taylor. Yeah, right. There you go. And so I am making no bones about that whatsoever for this quiz. You are going to hear clips performed by, I will give you the artists that you're going to hear these clips performed by.

They are in no particular order, James Taylor, Fleetwood Mac, The Beach Boys, Amy Winehouse, Adele, and the Beatles. That's the most crisp list I've ever heard of it. These are tracks performed by those six artists in some order or another. Now, here's the thing. I want you to try to identify who it is. It probably is going to be pretty easy because you have a list. The tough part, the actual real question is, who are they covering? These are all cover songs.

All right. Who are these bands covering? So the original artist of the song that they are performing? You need both. I need, I'm about both. All right. The first part is going to be easy. Maybe.

First part should be easy. Okay. So here is the first clip. Who is performing of the list I gave you and who are they covering? All right. Well, I think that was Karen first. That was Johnny Be Good.

It was Beatles is performing it. Yes. So that's from your list. And the original artist was Chuck Barry. That's correct. Yes. That's young John Lennon there singing it sound of the last. That's right.

That's right. Okay. Next one. Here we go. I close my eyes because then I don't see. The love you don't feel. You're home with me. Morning will come.

And I'll do what's right. Dana? I think this is a Bonnie Raid song performed by Adele. You are absolutely correct. Huge hit for Bonnie Raid. I can't make you love me if you don't. Yep, yep, huge hit, covered by Adele. Moving right along.

Oh, every day, it seems a little stronger. And every day, that's a little longer, come what. Do you ever long for To love from me Like I'll love for you, baby Sender every day James Taylor Who's he covering?

Man, is it like... What's the song? Come what made? I don't even know the song. I want to say like 80s pop. Am I in the right? You are not in the right. You are cold. You know, he really changed the arrangement up

And it's tough if you don't know it But that is one of Buddy Holly's most famous songs every day It's a lot happier when Buddy Holly sings out Yeah, you're right Yep Who doesn't know I exist And this girl can't fix So you better

Draw back your bones Well, we know it's... You know it's all. Yep, it sure is. It's... Frankie Valley in the force... It's not Frankie Valley. We get this guy a lot in trivia, or I think we've talked about him.

It's not Bobby Darren. Nope. Smokey Robinson? It's not Smokey Robinson. Oh, you'll hit yourself when I tell you. It's a good one to know. Oh, God, yeah. Yeah.

It's not Benny King. Is it Otis Redding? It's not Otis Redding. Cupid was actually... very famous song for Sam Cooke. Oh, yes. Sam Cooke's. There you go. I was trained to memorize Sam Cooke because he does come up in trivia.

Oh, we were dancing all around him there. All right. Now, for the next couple of these, I'm going to give you a little hint. In the list of artists that I gave you at the beginning, both the band that is performing and the original band that they are doing a cover of were in that list. All right. So this is Chris' favorite band incest time. The snake is eating its time.

Yes, exactly. So here is one. All right. Hey, you've got to hide your love away. Hey, you've got to hide your love away. Colin. they are covering the Beatles. They certainly are.

They certainly are. Yep. All right. Well, I'm just, process of elimination. It's not a doubt. Is it the Beach Boys? It sure is. It's from the Beach Boys party.

Wow. You've got to hide your love away. That really does not sound like the Beach Boys. Yep. And one more, this is the... It's under like the audience singing. Right, right. Oh, well, the Beach Boys Party album.

Yeah, they had a bunch of it was like they were having a party. I would not have just that without your clue. Ah, okay. So here is the last one. Remember the clue. Remember also that this is. the tough one. So if any listeners get this on the first try, you get the prize.

There is no prize. The prize is I will think about you for 30 seconds. Wow, that's a long time. That's enough for a straining order in some states. I do come from miles away. Hang up. No place to stay.

Glad to help you fly your feet from the storm. I think about the rhythm of this song that makes my heart feel weird. I'm like, I'm like, it's giving me a rhythmia. Karen. The artist performing is Fleawood Mac. Yes. And they are covering the Beach Boys. They are.

That is Fleetwood Mac. Farmer's Daughter, the beach before I saw. Yep. Really, it wasn't because I recognized it. It was basically process of elimination. Well, again, you know, I gave you the tools. I couldn't just thrown you to the wolves, but yeah.

I like how you're embracing your, your favorite knowledge. All right. And that is our show. Thank you guys for joining me and thank you guys, listeners, for listening. And hope you learn a lot about what to do when you're in space. Exhale. That's very important about marshmallow. about peeing when it's cold about how to make an igloo that might be handy one day and you can find

us on iTunes on Stitcher on SoundCloud and also on our site good job brain dot com and visit our sponsor at bonopos.com and we'll see you guys next week see you bye keep warm This is Jen and Jenny from ancient history fan girl, and we're here to tell you about Jenny's scorching historical romanticcy based on Alarica the Bissigoths, enemy of my dreams. Amanda Boucher, best-selling author of The Kingmaker Chronicle, says, quote, this book has everything, high-stakes action, grit, ferocity, and blazing passion. Pellaric are colliding storms against a backdrop of the brutal dangers of ancient Rome. They'll do anything to carve their peace out of this treacherous world and not just survive, but rule. Enemy of my dreams is available wherever books are sold.