I Can’t Sleep - Carpet | Relaxing Bedtime Reading for Sleep

Episode Date: June 7, 2022

Ease into sleep with this calm bedtime reading on carpets, created to bring peace and rest to those struggling with insomnia. Benjamin gently explores the history, design, and cultural significance of carpets, from their ancient origins to their modern use in homes and art. His steady, soothing cadence transforms everyday details into calming bedtime learning. This is not whispering or hypnosis—just gentle, fact-filled reading designed to ease stress, quiet the mind, and help with sleepless nights. Settle in, press play, and let your thoughts drift toward restful dreams. Want More? Request a Topic: https://www.icantsleeppodcast.com/request-a-topic Ad-Free Episodes: https://icantsleep.supportingcast.fm/ Shop Sleep-Friendly Products: https://www.icantsleeppodcast.com/sponsors Join the Discussion on Discord: https://discord.gg/myhGhVUhn7 This content is derived from the Wikipedia article on Carpet, available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC BY-SA) license. Read the full article: Wikipedia – Carpet. Happy sleeping! Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

You're listening to a Glassbox media podcast. What if I told you that most of the modern day self-help advice you've been hearing could actually make you worse? The key to a better life isn't about feel-good gimmicks that sound catchy. The Mentally Stronger Podcast gives you access to a licensed therapist who shares science-backed tools that will actually change your life. Hi, I'm Amy Morin, psychotherapist, mental strength trainer, and international best-selling author. In each episode, we cover research-back strategies, like how to stop relying on willpower and start creating habits for lasting change. And the five mental strength-building exercises you can do from your couch.

I also speak to world-class experts like Dr. Nicole Kane, who shares how to permanently heal anxiety by addressing the root cause. With over 200 episodes in our catalog, this podcast is for you if you're ready to crush self-doubt, conquer challenges, and become stronger than ever with therapist-approved strategies that can change your life. Listen to Mentally Stronger with Therapist Amy Morin, wherever you get your podcasts. Welcome to the I Can't Sleep Podcast, where I read random articles from across the web to bore you to sleep with my soothing voice. I'm your host, Benjamin Boster. Today's episode is from a Wikipedia article titled,

Carpet. A carpet is a textile floor covering typically consisting of an upper layer of pile attached to a backing. The pile was traditionally made from wool, but since the 20th century, synthetic fibers such as polypropylene, nylon, or polyester are often used,

as these fibers are less expensive than wool. The pile usually consists of twisted, tufts that are typically heat treated to maintain their structure. The term carpet is often used in a similar context to the term rug, but rugs are typically considered to be smaller than a room and not attached to the floor. Carpets are used for a variety of purposes, including insulating a person's feet from a cold tile or concrete floor, making a room more comfortable as a place to sit on the floor, e.g. When playing with children or as a prayer rug, reducing sound from walking, particularly in apartment buildings, and adding decoration or color to a room. Carpets can be made in any

color by using differently dyed fibers. Carpets can have many different types of patterns and motifs used to decorate the surface. Carpets are used in industrial and commercial establishments, such as retail stores and hotels and in private homes. Today, a huge range of carpets and rugs are available at many price and quality levels, ranging from inexpensive synthetic carpets that are mass produced in factories and used in commercial buildings to costly hand-knotted wool rugs that are used in private homes and houses. Carpets can be produced on a loom quite similarly to woven fabric, made using needyed Edel felts, knotted by hand in Oriental rugs, made with their pile injected into a backing

material called tufting, flat woven, made by hooking wool or cotton through the meshes of a sturdy fabric or embroidered. Carpet is commonly made in widths of 12 feet and 15 feet in the U.S. and 4 meters and 5 meters in Europe. Since the 19th and 20th century, where necessary for wall-to-wall carpet, different widths of carpet can be seamed together with a seaming iron and seam tape. Formerly, it was sewn together and fixed to a floor over a cushioned underlay pad using nails, tack strips, known in the UK as gripper rods, adhesives, or occasionally

decorative metal stair rods. wall-to-wall carpet is distinguished from rugs or mats, which are loose-laid floor coverings, as wall-to-wall carpet is fixed to the floor and covers a much larger area. Etymology and usage The term carpet comes from old French carpite. One derivation of the term states that the French term came from the old Italian carpita, from the verb carpire, meaning to pluck. The online etymology dictionary states that the term carpet was first used in English in the late 13th century, with the meaning coarse cloth, and by the mid-14th century tablecloth or bedspread.

The online etymology dictionary states that the term comes from old French carpita, heavy decorated cloth, carpet, from medieval Latin or old Latin carpita, thick woolen cloth, probably from Latin carperi to card pluck, probably so-called because it was made from unraveled, shredded, plucked fabric. The meaning of the term carpet shifted in the 15th century to refer to floor coverings. The term carpet is often used interchangeably with the term rug. Some sources define a carpet as stretching from wall to wall. Another definition treats rugs as of lower quality or of smaller size, with carpets quite often having finished ends.

A third common definition is that a carpet is permanently fixed in place, while a rug is simply laid out on the floor. Historically, the term carpet was also applied to table and wall coverings, as carpets were not commonly used on the floor in European interiors until, the 15th century. The term rug was first used in English in the 1550s with the meaning coarse fabric. The term is of Scandinavian origin, compare Norwegian dialect ruga, coarse coverlet, from Old Norse Rogg, shaggy tuft, from Poto-Germaniac, Rawa, perhaps related to rag and rough. The meaning of rug evolved to coverlet wrap, then mat for the floor.

Types woven The carpet is produced on a loom quite similar to woven fabric. The pile can be plush or berber. Plush carpet is a cut pile and berber carpet is a loop pile. There are new styles of carpet combining the two styles called cut and loop carpeting. Normally, many colored yarns are used, and this process is capable of producing intricate patterns from predetermined designs, although some limitations apply to certain weaving methods with regard to accuracy of pattern within the carpet. These carpets are usually the most expensive due to the relatively slow speed of the manufacturing process.

He's a very famous in Turkey, Iran, India, Pakistan, and Arabia. Needle felt These carpets are more technologically advanced. Needle felts are produced by intermingling and felding individual synthetic fibers using barbed and forked needles forming an extremely durable carpet. These carpets are normally found in commercial settings where there is frequent traffic, such as hotels and restaurants. Nodded. On a knotted pile carpet, formerly a supplementary weft cut loop pile carpet,

the structural weft threads alternate with a supplementary weft that rises at right angles to the surface of the weave. This supplementary weft is attached to the warp by one of three knot types, such as shag carpet, which was popular in the 1970s, to form the pile or nap of the carpet. Nodding by hand is most prevalent in oriental rugs and carpets. Kashmir carpets are also hand-knotted. Pile carpets like flat carpets can be woven on a loom. Both vertical and horizontal looms have been used in the production of European and oriental carpets. The warp threads are set up on the frame of the loom before weaving begins. A number of

weavers may work together on the same carpet. A row of knots is completed and cut. The knots are secured with usually one to four rows of weft. The warp in the woven carpet is usually cotton, and the weft is chewed. There are several styles of nodding, but the two main types of knot are the symmetrical, also called Turkish or Gjordas, and asymmetrical, also called Persian or Sena. The importance of carpet in the culture of Turkmenistan is such that the national flag features a vertical red stripe near the hoist side containing five carpet goals, designs used in producing rugs. Kashmir is known for hand-knotted carpets of silk or wool, tufted. These are carpets that have their pile injected into a backing material, which is itself then bonded to a secondary backing made of woven Hesian weave. or a man-made alternative to provide stability.

The pile is often sheared in order to achieve different textures. This is the most common method of manufacturing of domestic carpets for floor-covering purposes in the world. Others. A flat-weave carpet is created by interlocking warp, vertical, and weft horizontal threads. The types of oriental flat-woven carpet include Killam, Sumac, plane weave and tapestry weave. Types of European flat-woven carpets include Venetian, Dutch,

Damasque, List, haircloth, and ingrain, a.k.a. double cloth, two-ply, triple cloth, or three-ply. A hooked rug is a simple type of rug handmade by pulling strips of cloth such as wool or cotton through the meshes of a sturdy fabric such as burlap. This type of rug is now generally made. made as a handicraft. The process of creating a hooked rug is called rug hooking. Unlike woven carpets, embroidery carpets are not formed on a loom. Their pattern is established by the application

of stitches to a cloth, often linen base. The tent stitch and the cross stitch are two of the most common. Embroidered carpets were traditionally made by royal and aristocratic women in the home, but there has been some commercial manufacturers since steel needles were introduced. Earlier needles were made of bone, and linen weaving improved in the 16th century. Mary, Queen of Scots, is known to have been an avid embroiderer. Sixteenth-century designs usually involve scrolling vines and regional flowers, for example, the Bradford carpet. They often incorporate animal heraldry and the coat of arms of the maker.

Production continued through the 19th century. Victorian embroidered carpet compositions include highly illusionistic three-dimensional flowers. Patterns for tile carpets made of a number of squares called Berlin Woolwork were introduced in Germany in 1804 and became extremely popular in England in the 1830s. Embroidered carpets can also include other features such as a pattern of shape, shapes, or they can even tell a story. Fibers and yarns. Carpet can be formulated from many single or blended natural and synthetic fibers. Fibers are chosen for durability, appearance, ease of manufacture, and cost.

In terms of scale of production, the dominant yarn constructions are polyamides, nylons, and polypropylene with an estimated 90% of the commercial market. Nylon Since the 20th century, nylon is one of the most common materials for the construction of carpets. Both nylon 6 and nylon 6-6 are used. Nylon can be dyed topically

or dyed in a molten state, solution dyeing. Nylon can be printed easily and has excellent wear characteristics. Due to nylon's excellent wear resistance, it is widely used in industrial and commercial carpeting. In carpets, nylon tends to stain easily due to the presence of dye sites. These dye sites need to be filled in order to give nylon carpet any type of stain resistance.

As nylon is petroleum-based, it varies in price with the price of oil. Polypropylene. Polypropylene or polyophilin, stiffer than the cheaper polyethylene. is used to produce carpet yarns because it is still less expensive than the other materials used for carpets. It is difficult to dye and does not wear as well as wool or nylon. Polypropylene sometimes referred to simply as olefin is commonly used to construct berber carpets. Large looped oliphene berber carpets are usually only suited for light domestic use and tend to mat down quickly.

Berber carpets with smaller loops tend to be more resilient and retain their new appearance longer than large-loops burber styles. Commercial-grade level loop carpets have very small loops, and commercial-grade cut-pile styles can be well-constructed. When made with polypropylene, commercial-grade styles wear very well, making them very suitable for areas with heavy foot traffic such as offices. Polypropylene carpets are known to have good stain resistance, but not against oil-based agents. If a stain does set, it can be difficult to clean. Commercial-grade carpets can be glued directly to the floor or installed over a quarter-inch-thick, eight-pound density padding. Outdoor grass carpets are usually made from polypropylene. Wool and wool blends. Wool has excellent durability. can be dyed easily and is fairly abundant.

When blended with synthetic fibers such as nylon, the durability of wool is increased. Blended wool yarns are extensively used in production of modern carpet, with the most common blend being 80% wool to 20% synthetic fiber, giving rise to the term 80-20. Wool is relatively expensive, and consequently it only comprises a small portion of the market. polyester The polyester known as PET is used in carpet manufacturing in both spun and filament constructions. After the price of raw materials for many types of carpet rose in the early 2000s,

polyester became more competitive. Polyester has good physical properties and is inherently stain resistant because it is hydrophobic. However, oil-based stains can pose a problem for this type of. material and it can be prone to soiling. Similar to nylon, color can be added after production or it can be infused in a molten state, solution dyeing. Polyester has the disadvantage that it tends to crush or mat down easily. It is typically used in mid-to-low-priced carpeting. Another polyester, PTT, also called Sorona or 3GT-Dupont or Cortera shell, is a very of P.E.T. Lorgie Zimmer PTT was first patented in 1941, but it was not produced until the 1990s

when shell chemicals developed the low-cost method of producing high-quality 1-3 proponetial PDO, the starting raw material for PTT-Corptero polymers. DuPont subsequently commercialized a biological process for making 1-3 propanetial from corn syrup, imparting significant renewable content on the corresponding zirona polyester carpet fibers. These carpet fibers have resiliency comparable to nylon. Acrylic Acrylic is a synthetic material first created by the DuPont Corporation in 1941, but has gone through various changes since it was first introduced. In the past, acrylic carpet used to fuzz or pill easily. This happened when the fibers degraded over time and short strands

broke away with contact or friction. Over the years, new types of acrylics have been developed to alleviate some of these problems, although the issues have not been completely removed. Acrylic is fairly difficult to dye, but is color-fast, washable, and has the feel and appearance of wool, making it a good rug fabric. History The knotted pile carpet probably originated in the Caspian Sea area, northern Iran, or the Armenian highland. Although there is evidence of goats and sheep being sheared for wool and hair which was

spun and woven as far back as the 7th millennium BC, the earliest surviving pile carpet is the Pazeric carpet, which dates from the 5th to 4th century BC. It was excavated by Sergei Ivanovich Rudenko in 1949 from a Paziric burial mound in the Altai Mountains in Siberia. This richly colored carpet is 200 by 183 centimeters and framed by a border of Griffins. Although claimed by many cultures, this square tufted carpet almost perfectly intact is considered by many experts to be of Caucasian, specifically Armenian. origin. The rug is woven using the Armenian double knot, and the red filaments color was made from Armenian Kachinil. The eminent authority of ancient carpets, Ulrich Schurman, says of it, from all the evidence available, I am convinced that the Pazeric rug was a funeral accessory,

and most likely a masterpiece of Armenian workmanship. Gonshorn concurs with this thesis. At the ruins of Persepolis in Iran where various nations are depicted as bearing tribute. The horse design from the Paziric carpet is the same as the relief depicting part of the Armenian delegation. The historian Herodotus writing in the 5th century BC also informs us that the inhabitants of the Caucasus wove beautiful rugs with brilliant colors which would never fade. Afghanistan There's recently been a surge in demand for Afghan carpets, although many Afghan carpet manufacturers market their products

under the name of a different country. The carpets are made in Afghanistan as well as by Afghan refugees who reside in Pakistan and Iran. Famous Afghan rugs include the Shindend and Adrescan, name after local Afghan villages, woven in the Herod area in western Afghanistan. Afghan carpets are commonly known as Afghan rugs. Afghan carpets are a unique and well-recognized handmade material design that originates from Afghanistan.

They often exhibit intricate detailing, mainly using traditional tribal designs originating from the Turkmen, Kazakh, Balak, and Uzbeks. The handmade rugs come in many patterns and colors, yet the traditional and most common example of Afghan. and carpet is the octagon-shaped elephant foot, Bukara. The rugs with this print are most commonly red in color. Many dyes, such as vegetable dyes, are used to impart rich color. Armenia Various rug fragments have been excavated in Armenia, dating back to the 7th century BC or earlier. The oldest single surviving knotted carpet in existence is the Paziric carpet,

excavated from a frozen tomb in Siberia, dated from the 5th to the 3rd century BC, now in the Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg. This square-tefted carpet, almost perfectly intact, is considered by many experts to be of Caucasian, specifically Armenian origin. The eminent authority of ancient carpets Ulrich Schurman says of it,

from all the evidence available, I am convinced that the Peziric rug was a funeral accessory and most likely a masterpiece of Armenian workmanship. Gansorn concurs with this thesis at the ruins of Persepolis in Iran where various nations are depicted as bearing tribute, the horse design from the Peziric carpet is the same as the relief depicting part of the Armenian delegation.

Armenian carpets were renowned by foreigners who traveled to Artsakh. The Arab geographer and historian Al Masudi noted that, among other works of art, he had never seen such carpets elsewhere in his life. Art historian Harvard Hakobayan notes that Artsak carpets occupy a special place in the history of Armenian carpet making. Common themes and patterns found in Armenian carpets were the depiction of dragons and eagles. They were diverse in style, rich in color, and ornamental motifs. and were even separated in categories depending on what sort of animals were depicted on them, such as artsvagorgs, eagle carpets, vishapagorgs, dragon carpets, and otzagorgs, serpent carpets.

The rug mentioned in the Kapdavan inscription is composed of three arches, covered with vegetative ornaments and bears and artistic resemblance to the illuminated manuscripts produced in Arzac. The art of carpet weaving was in addition intimately connected to the making of curtains, as evidence in a passage by Kirakos Kanzaketsi, a 13th century Armenian historian from Artsak, who praised Arzu Khatun, the wife of regional Prince Vakhtong Kachanetsi, and her daughters for their expertise in skill in weaving. Azerbaijan The Gulta bin excavations discovered several carpet weaving

tools which date back to the 4th, the 3rd millennium BC. According to Iranica Online, the main weaving zone was in the eastern Transcaucasus south of the mountains that bisect the region diagonally, the area now comprised of the Azerbaijan SSR. It is the homeland of a Turkic population known today as Azeri. Other ethnic groups also practiced weaving, some of them in other parts of the Caucasus, but they were of lesser importance. Azerbaijan was one of the most important centers of carpet weaving, and as a result of that, several different schools have evolved.

While traditionally schools are divided into four main branches, each region has its own version of the carpets. The schools are divided into four main branches. Kubashervan, Ganja-Kazakh carpet weaving school, the Baku Carabakh School, Karabakh School of Carpet weaving. Carpet weaving is a family tradition in Azerbaijan, which is transferred verbally and with practicing

and also associated with the daily life and customs of its people. A variety of carpet and rug types are made in Azerbaijan such as silk, wool, gold and silver threads, pile and pileless carpets, as well as Killam, Sumach, Zili, Verni, Mafrashi, and Corjun. In 2010, traditional art of Azerbaijan carpet weaving was added to the representative list of the intangible cultural heritage of humanity of UNESCO.

China. As opposed to most antique rug-manufactory practices, Chinese carpets were woven almost exclusively for internal consumption. China has a long history of exporting traditional goods. However, it was not until the first half of the 19th century that the Chinese began to export their rugs. Once in contact with Western influences, there was a large change in production. Chinese manufacturers began to produce Art Deco rugs with commercial look and price point. The centuries-old Chinese textile industry,

is rich in history. While most antique carpets are classified according to a specific region or manufacturing, scholars attribute the age of any specific Chinese rug to the ruling emperor of the time. The earliest surviving examples of the craft were produced during the time of Chung Chen, the last emperor of the Chen dynasty. India. Carpet weaving may have been introduced into the area as far back as the 11th century, with the coming of the first Muslim conquerors, the Ghaznavids, and the Ghaeris from the west. It can, with more certainty, be traced to the beginning of the Mughal dynasty in the early 16th century, when the last successor of Timor Babur extended his rule from Kabul to India to found the Mughal Empire. Under the patronage of the Mughals,

Indian craftsmen adopted Persian techniques and designs. Carpets woven in the Punjab made use of motifs and decorative styles found in mogul architecture. Akbar, a mogul emperor, is accredited to introducing the art of carpet weaving to India during his reign. The mogul emperors patronized Persian carpets for their royal courts and palaces. During this period, he brought Persian craftsmen from their homeland and established them in India. Initially, these Mughal carpets showed the classic Persian style of fine nodding, then gradually the style blended with Indian art. Thus, the carpets produced became typical of Indian origin, and the industry began to diversify and spread all over the subcontinent. During the Mughal period, carpets made on the Indian subcontinent became so

famous that demand for them spread abroad. These carpets had distinctive designs and boasted a high density of knots. Carpets made for the Mughal emperors included Jahangir and Shah Jahan were the finest quality. Under Shah Jahan's reign, Mughal carpet weaving took on a new aesthetic and entered its classical phase. Indian carpets are well known for their designs with attention to detail and presentation of realistic attributes. The carpet industry in India flourished more in its northern part, with major centers found in Kashmir, Jypur, Agra, and Bahadui. Indian carpets are known for their high density of nodding.

Hand-knotted carpets are a specialty and widely in demand in the West. The carpet industry in India has been successful in establishing social business models, that help underprivileged sections of the society. Notable examples of social entrepreneurship ventures are Jaipur rugs and the Fabindia retail chain. Another category of Indian rugs, which, though quite popular in most western countries, have not received much press, is hand-woven rugs of Karabad. Karabad, a small city in Sidipur district of India, had been ruled by Raja Mamudabad. Karabad was part of Ud province, which had been ruled by Shi Muslims having Persian linkages.

Sidipur rugs made in Karabad and neighboring areas are hand-woven and distinct from tufted and knotted rugs. Flat weave is the basic weaving technique of sitapur rugs, and generally cotton is the main weaving material here, but Jude, Rayon, and Chanel are also popular. IKEA and Agocha have been major buyers of rugs from this area. Modern carpeting and installation Carpet is commonly made in widths of 12 feet and 15 feet in the U.S., 4 meters and 5 meters in Europe. Where necessary, different widths can be seamed together with a seaming iron and seam tape, and it is fixed to a floor over a cushioned underlay using nails, tax strips, adhesives, or a occasionally decorative metal stair rods, thus distinguishing it from rugs or mats, which are

loose-laid floor coverings. For environmental reasons, the use of wool, natural bindings, natural padding, and formaldehyde-free glues is becoming more common. These options are also always at a premium cost. In the UK, some carpets are still manufactured for yachts, hotels, pubs and clubs in a narrow width of 27 inches, and then sewn to size. Carpeting, which covers an entire room area, is loosely referred to as wall-to-wall, but carpet can be installed over any portion thereof with use of appropriate transition moldings, where the carpet meets other types of floor coverings. Carpeting is more than just a single item.

It is, in fact, a system comprising the carpet itself, the carpet backing, often made of latex, the cushioning underlay, and a method of installation. Carpet tiles are also available typically 50 centimeters square. These are usually only used in commercial settings and are affixed using a special pressure-sensitive glue, which holds them into place while allowing easy removal in an office environment, for example, or to allow rearrangement in order to spread where. Throughout the world, commercial carpet cleaning for yachts, hotels, clubs, and pubs is also a major industry. Rates for cleaning vary, with hotel restaurants being on the highest end due to frequency of traffic and staining.

In such environments, clean flooring is essential from both a pest extermination and public health liability standpoint, as well as maintaining the overall look and customer satisfaction of the establishment. Given the importance of upkeep, it is customary in full-service hotels with on-site food and beverage outlets for the commercial carpet cleaner to be extended privileges as the Lord of the Inn, such as on the house-upcrated accommodations, personal chef services, in-room entertainment, and ability to pay gratuity on hotel house accounts. carpet binding is a term used for any material being applied to the edge of a carpet to make a rug. Carpet binding is usually cotton or nylon, but also comes in many other materials such as leather. Non-synthetic binding is frequently used with bamboo, grass, and wool rugs, but is often used with carpet made from other materials. The Good Weave labeling scheme used throughout Europe and North America assures that charge, child labor has not been used. Importers pay for the labels, and the revenue collected is used

to monitor centers of production and educate previously exploited children. Disposal For the year 2018 in the U.S., the recycling of carpet fiber, backing, and padding was 310,000 tons, which was 9.2% of carpet generation. A slightly larger portion was combusted for energy recovery, while the majority of the majority of the amount of the child. of rugs and carpids were landfilled.