Investigate Earth Conspiracy Podcast - Noah’s Ark Found? Drilling Begins at the Durupınar Site in Turkey

Episode Date: September 24, 2026

Has Noah’s Ark finally been found in Turkey? New drilling is now underway at the controversial Durupınar formation near Mount Ararat, a massive boat-shaped site that has fueled debate for decades. Researchers are using core drilling, ground-penetrating radar and new technology to investigate unusual structures and anomalies beneath the surface, but does the evidence actually point to the biblical Ark, or is this simply an extraordinary natural formation?Tonight on Investigate Earth, Chad and Sheri break down the history of the Durupınar site, its discovery in 1959, the claims made by researchers over the years and the evidence both for and against Noah’s Ark being buried beneath it. We also go much deeper into the story of the Great Flood itself, comparing Noah’s Flood with ancient accounts including Ziusudra, Atrahasis, Utnapishtim and the Epic of Gilgamesh, some of which predate the biblical account by centuries.Were these simply ancient stories passed from one civilization to another, or could they preserve the memory of a real catastrophic flood that changed human history? From Mount Ararat and ancient Mesopotamia to archaeological flood evidence and the newest investigation in Turkey, tonight we explore one of the oldest mysteries on Earth.Our Merchandise

Hello, I don't know if I should. The situation isn't looking too good. Old couch with an insider stains, if you've got money in your pocket, I could go for some change. I said, I'm too young to be acting my age. Yeah. I'm so ironic when I'm hiding the pain. It's called it bad luck. I'm so easy to trip.

Hello and welcome back to Investigator's podcast. I'm your host chat alongside my beautiful wife, Sherry. Tonight, we're diving into one of the oldest and most controversial mysteries in human history. That is Noah's Ark. For decades, researchers have argued over the massive boat-shaped formation near Mount Earat and Turkey. Some believe it could be connected to the biblical flood story, while geologists say it may simply be a natural formation. But now, new drilling that a site has brought the mystery back into the spotlight, and tonight we're going to go through the history, the evidence, the skepticism, and what researchers are hoping to find next. Guys, welcome to the show.

It is September the 23rd, 2026. The name of this song is Wanna Be Not Me by Love and Calibur. And Love and Calibur has introed this podcast probably 200 times out of the 800 episodes we have. But they're always pretty good. I'm actually really excited about this show, Sherry, because there has been a lot of talk over the past week about this Noah's Ark landing site or resting site, as they are calling it. This place was actually found back in the 1970s. And it was quickly dismissed by many geologists, archaeologists, and others. and it wasn't until some new guy came along, this explorer researcher from America,

that said, look, not so fast. I think there might actually be something here. So he had invested a lot of time and energy and effort and money and campaigns, you name it. He's invested a lot over the years to try to prove that this site is the landing site or the resting site of the actual Noah's Ark. But the more interesting thing that we're going to talk about tonight is not just the fact that they are now drilling at this site and everything that is led up to where we are today at this site, but also the history. You know, when you only read the Bible, I guess, and you only hear the primary story of Noah's Ark, you know, you think obviously this guy, Noah was told by God to build this massive

boat, bring two of every living thing into the, into the boat, obviously the animals and some of his family and others. And you hear that, but I realized I was like, wait a minute, like, I started researching Noah's Ark and then just kind of everything surrounding this. And there are a lot of similarities with other stories. And so this obviously is not the only story like Noah's Ark story, the Great Flood. There are other stories in history. And so what we're going to talk about tonight is what are those other stories? How similar are they to the Noah's Ark story?

And why does it matter? Because I think it does matter. Yeah, because when I first heard about Noah's Ark and the story, I'm like, how in the heck is some man going to get every species of every animal. on earth, on a boat. It just does not make sense to me. But it's kind of like the same thing. Is it Jonah and the fish or the fish?

Jonah and the whale get swallowed by a whale. I didn't used to believe in that story until I think somebody actually did really get swallowed by a whale during our times. Yeah, I think there are a lot of stories in the Bible that many, I guess, Christians or scholars or biblical scholars refer to as parables, right? to where it is stories that have a bigger meaning or it's kind of like, you know, if you want to explain something and you're using a reference to another situation, a parable is something that is just, it's this huge, big story, but it explains something that doesn't necessarily

exactly happen the way it is. It's almost like folklore in some ways. And that's what people would call a parable. Yeah. There are many parables in the Bible. But is Noah's Ark a parable or is it a true life story? No, so Noah's Ark is not a parable. It's not supposed to be a parable. That is one of the things that many researchers and scholars have been desperately trying to do is to prove the Noah's Ark story because Noah's Ark is actually one of the lesser proven facts in the Bible or I guess segments of the Bible. There are many things that you can actually prove and date back historically in the Bible. But Noah's Ark is not necessarily one of those. And that's why this discovery, or at least they believe this to be Noah's Ark. would be so massive.

If they could find the actual Noah's Ark boat at this site, that would be huge. And it would be a historical site to where they could actually pin to a biblical reference, especially one as old as the Noah Ark story. What made them first think that this was the actual site? Was there something in particular that they said, oh, this is Noah's Ark site? This is it. It's because mostly the way that the actual site looks is. on top of this mountain.

The top of this mountain has a boat-looking type structure or, you know, obviously everything's green up here. Like something eroded around it that make it look like a boat structure? Yeah, I mean, if you've ever seen like, for example, in the Amazon, they have a lot of these sites to where they believe there are buried pyramids under these places. And there are various sites across America and South America and actually around the world to where there is stuff buried underneath the ground. And you can kind of make out certain, I guess, shapes.

and formations just by the way the ground itself is actually formed. The very similar situation here, it looks like some type of large boat that is buried at the top of this mountain. But really up until recently, there's not really been a ton of research besides the fact they have had those radar scans from space and everything else that actually scans the site. But the technology they used is very similar to the technology they used at the Great Pyramids, where they scan that and found potentially these underground tunnels or rooms, whatever. We still do not have definitive answers on what is actually under the pyramids, but they essentially

use the exact same technology here. So the site we're actually talking about is the Duripanar formation in eastern Turkey, several miles south of Mount Ararat. And obviously, the book of Genesis says that after the floodwaters receded, the art came to rest on the mountains of Ararat. The word is important because the Bible does not actually say that, Noah landed specifically on the summit of the mountain, we now call Mount Ararat, it says the mountains or region of Ararat. So in Eastern Turkey, not very far from Mount Arat itself is a strange

formation in the ground that has fueled one of the longest run in archaeological controversies connected to the Bible ever. So the site we're actually talking about is called the Duer-Panar formation in Eastern Turkey. And obviously the book of Genesis says that after the floodwaters are seated, the ark came to rest in the mountains of Arirat. The word is important because the Bible does not actually say that Noah landed specifically on the summit of the mountain. We now call Mount Ararat. It says the mountains or region of Ararat. And in eastern Turkey, not very far from Mount Arat itself, there is a strange formation

in the ground that has obviously fueled all of this long-running archaeological controversy that is connected to the Bible. And so from the air, it's hard not to notice what makes this place interesting. The formation is long, narrow, and pointed at one end. It has unmistakable outline of something resembling the whole of a ship, sitting in the mountains. And depending on exactly how it is measured, the formation is roughly 150 to 160 meters long or around 500 feet. Now, that became significant because Genesis describes Noah's Ark as 300 cubits long, and depending on what ancient cubit measuring system you're using, proponents argue that the biblical arc would have been somewhere close to that exact same length. But the strange story of Duprenar is it didn't begin with the modern biblical expedition.

It began with aerial photographs. The formation became widely known in 1959 when Turkish Army Captain Ilan Duopernar noticed a strange boat-shaped feature while examining aerial reconnaissance photographs of eastern Turkey. The site would eventually take his name. There are also reports that the formation had become more visible after heavy rain and earthquakes in the region years earlier, and that local residents were aware of it before Duranprenar saw it in aerial imagery. But 1959 is generally treated as the moment the site entered the modern historical record. So once the photographs circulated, people immediately began asking an obvious question, could this actually be Noah's Ark? And so the idea gained enough tension that an expedition went to the site in 1960.

Researchers examined the formation and even dug and blasted portions of it looking for evidence of man-made structure. What they found was disappointing for believers in the Ark theory. The expedition reported finding soil and rock, but no obvious timbers, ship construction, or archaeological remains. Their conclusion at the time was essentially that the formation, appeared to be a natural geological feature rather than the remains of a giant ancient vessel. And for more than a decade, that largely ended the story. And then came a man named Ron Wyatt. Wyatt was an American amateur explorer who became famous in biblical archaeology circles for claiming to have located a number of major biblical artifacts and sites.

He became fascinated with Juniperinard and learning about the original discovery and traveled to Turkey in 1977. Why, it became convinced that the earlier investigators had dismissed the formation too quickly, and during the late 1970s through the 1980s, Wyatt repeatedly returned to the site and began promoting DuraPanar as actual remains of Noah's Ark. And this is where the story really exploded. So Wyatt and other researchers pointed to the formation's size, as symmetry, and what they described as an unusual material inside and around the structure. And one of the most important people to join him was David Fussaud,

who had interest in ancient sheds. ships, and when Fassau first saw during Pernar in 1980s, he reportedly became convinced that he was looking at the remains of an enormous ship. Team began using ground penetrating radar and other equipment to examine what was underneath the surface. They reportedly detected what appeared to them to be regularly shaped structures beneath the ground. Some interpreted those radar returns as possible walls, decks, or internal divisions of a ship.

They also reported concentrations of iron in and around the formation and suggested that these might represent ancient metal fasteners or structural components. Nearby were enormous stones with holes cut through them. Wyatt and Fassault argued that these could have been drog stones, essentially giant sea anchors that may once have been suspended from the ark to stabilize it during the flood. And for proponents of the theory, these discoveries began forming a remarkable picture. Now, Drone stones, I want to, or drog stones, I want to explain kind of a little bit what that is. So on large ships, especially very old large ships, they would have these huge stones.

And they weren't as big as some of these. I've actually seen images of these drog stones. You can go online and Google and look at them right now. I mean, the things that they found around this site are massive. I mean, we're talking about easily as tall or taller than a six foot man and probably damn near the same length wide. And we're talking about huge boulders. And at the very top, it has this hole cut in it. and what the old ships would do is they would use these stones and they would tie a either tie this

heavy type of rope or or chain to the actual boulder or drogstone and they would drag it behind the ship. The reason you would do this is it would keep your ship in a straight line. If you were trying to go in a straight line, it was one of the easiest ways, especially in rough seas to maintain your heading or course while you're dragging the actual drogstone. And this was mostly done obviously in the very, very old. old ships. I mean, we're talking about thousands or, you know, hundreds and hundreds and thousands of years ago. And so they found these things around this site. And that's why even more so they're like,

well, we think this could actually be drogstones. So that's very interesting. So this is when, I guess, why it eventually declared that the evidence proved Noah's Ark had been found, but almost every one of those claims will later become heavily disputed. And one of the biggest turning points came from someone who had originally supported the Arc theory, which was David Fassault. Now, after initially becoming one of Dronipar's strongest advocates, Fassau began working more closely with geologists and eventually changed his position completely. In 1996, Fassauld and geologist Lawrence Collins published a paper in the Journal of Geoscience Education, arguing that Duopernard could be explained naturally. Their conclusion was that the site was a geological formation

produced by folded sedimentary layers and erosion rather than a fossilized ship. They argued that the material described as iron fittings was actually naturally occurring limonite and magnate. Material that had been suggested to be fossilized wood was identified as altered or metamorphized rock, and that the supposed anchor stones, according to their analysis, were made of volcanic rock found naturally in a region rather than stone transported there abroad or on an ancient vessel. And so this became one of the strongest scientific arguments against Drupinar being Noah's Ark.

And to this day, there are many geologists that continue to describe the site as an natural geological formation created through tectonic activity, mud flows, erosion, and unusual rock layering. In a 2026 scientific paper examining the geological heritage around Mount Ararat also describes Jordan R. As a natural geological formation resembling a ship shaped by tectonic and erosional processes. But obviously, the controversy never really disappeared. In fact, something unusual happened, technology started to improve.

And instead of simply digging trenches into the site, newer teams began using equipment capable of looking for underground holes or hallways without destroying the formation. And researchers associated what is now called Noah's Ark scans began conducting new surveys. An electrical residivity tomography, ground penetrating radar and LIDAR, drone mapping, and other geophysical techniques were brought to the site, and surveys were conducted in 2014, 2019, and 2021. The researchers involved say the scans revealed anomalies beneath the surface that they believed deserve further investigation.

They have described linear features, angular patterns, possible corridor or room-like structures beneath portions of the formation. Ground penetrating radar does not take a photograph of a buried ship. It measures changes in materials beneath the ground. And those changes can indicate walls, voids, different types of rock, buried objects, or other geographical boundaries. They've done multiple new studies with new technology, obviously, since 2014. And what some of the researchers are coming up with say that there are shapes.

and especially areas of this site that look like rooms. But the question is, is it a boat under here? Do they have any evidence whatsoever right now of a boat or even bio, I guess, bi sedimentary waste? I think that's what it's called. And I would imagine the people that were saying that it's just all natural and naturally formed and it's not a boat. How do you explain these huge boulders with man-made holes in them?

Well, I mean, that's the thing. We don't know for sure that they're man-made holes. that we do, we have seen the images of these holes. They look pretty similar in size and diameter on multiple rocks. So that is one thing, right? So, you know, and look, there's, this is the way I kind of see this. There are going to be two facets of groups of people that are going to argue this controversy, argue this, I guess, finding that maybe this is Noah's Ark site.

You're going to have, obviously, the archaeologist, geologist, they're going to be arguing from what they believe to be a factually based standpoint. If they don't see it, if they have no proof of it based on whatever research they have done so far, then obviously they're not going to say this is even possibly a Noah's Ark site. They have nothing to show for that right now. And even with the LiDAR scans and all of the various other scans, it still does it show a ship underneath or underground at this site. But then you also have the Bible believers and the scholars and the Christians and the evangelists and all the people that push the narrative of, this is Noah's Ark because they want to believe it. There's a lot of people that want to believe this is Noah's Ark because it just further

proves the Bible is true to them, right? And that is something that, you know, even Ben, Benny Johnson and a couple of other Christian influencers and conservative influence over probably the past week or two, I've seen making huge claims or doing these videos that have millions of views that says, we have found Noah's Ark site. And it's like, no, we have it. As of right now, there is zero evidence of that. The only thing that has been said about this is from the Wyatt guy mostly saying and claiming and marketing the idea that, yeah, this is Noah's Arc site.

And it's just that's not true as of right now. It's very interesting. And it's so hard to prove either way. It's kind of like the pyramids that you were speaking of before. You know, they can do these x-rays under the ground and tell you there's something else under there or it's different types of materials. but until you actually dig in and see what it is, you really can't confirm or deny it. Yeah. Well, and that's what I'm saying.

So all the scans, the ground penetrating radar, like I said, it does not take a picture underground, but it does measure the changes that can indicate the walls, voids, different types of rocks, whatever. And so when the researchers say they see rooms or corridors, that's kind of an interpretation of like radar anomalies. It doesn't necessarily mean, oh, this is definitely a room. this is definitely a wall, it's an anomaly, and it's not yet the same thing as physically uncovering a wooden wall or walking through, like, say, a large chamber or hallway. So the distinction is kind of one of the most important things to remember in this entire story, and this is literally what one half of the people are saying we have Noah's Ark site based on

the anomalies of these scans, while others are saying literally you have nothing right now. Yeah, you have anomalies underneath this large area of land on top of this mountain, But we also got to remember, too, you know, on mountain tops, there are anomalies underground. And you could literally scan thousands of mountain tops and see very similar anomalies. You got to remember we have caves underground. We have running springs usually in mountains. There are all kinds of things that you could find very or via LiDAR scans or otherwise in mountains that would appear to be an anomaly, you know, other than if you just scan a flat surface in the middle of Oklahoma. Right, because many people think just a mountain is all rock material, and it's really not.

There's a lot of hollow areas in the mountains. Yep. There's a lot of researchers still right now that are collecting evidence, and one of the newer claims involves the soil itself. Now, soil samples collected from inside the boat-shaped formation were compared with samples from outside of it. Now, the NOAA's arc scan team says samples from inside showed roughly three times the organic material that was found in surrounding samples. So they have argued that increased organic material, along with the differences in potassium and soil chemistry, could potentially be consistent with ancient decomposed wood. And critics would point out that the elevated organic material does not automatically mean ancient ship timber.

There are obviously numerous geological and biological processes that can change the chemistry of the soil. And so even that evidence, although, yeah, I guess is interesting, but it's still not proof. And despite the headlines claiming that the scientists have found Noah's Ark, there has literally been a no university, accepted discovery of ancient ship timbers, manufactured wooden beams, ancient fasteners, or clearly man-made hole at this site as of right now. And so that's why archaeology, as of right now, I've just not declared this site as a mystery that's solved, or yes, this is absolutely Noah's Ark. There's a lot of proponents to argue that if this is the original arc were buried, it would be crushed and heavily mineralized after thousands of years.

investigators should not necessarily expect to find a perfectly preserved wooden ship sitting underneath the ground. I mean, you're talking about thousands of years old is what this ship would be. Likely, it would be completely decayed. I would think that you wouldn't even be able to see a ship in this particular circumstance. But I will say this, it is very interesting at the site of this supposed or alleged Noah's Ark resting site because of what the Bible says and the geographic location. I mean, there are extremely close. It's not a coincidence kind of. Yeah.

They have the same measurements. Yeah. And so like, you know, the excavation has been going on here for years and it's a protected site. So the interesting thing about this is because it's a protected site, there's been a lot of teams that have been denied entry into this place. We could have already known by now if this actually was Noah's Ark or not, if we would have allowed teams in here.

But instead, of course, these organizations and groups and governments came in, protected the site completely to where they want to say, nope, you're not really allowed to see this. You're not going to do what you want to do. Yeah, you can do scans. You can do non-penetrable type of activities or technology. But as far as, you know, doing anything else, not so fast. And until, though, recently there has been digging that started. You would think that even with the pyramids again, that they could dig like adjacent to the site and dig down and then dig like a hole where they could put a camera or something in there to see what exactly exists. Yeah. It's not, I guess, as easy as that. Well, Turkey is actually the

official government that gave this site protected status, right? And they gave this protected status decades ago. Basically, any excavation or drilling, it requires complete government authorization. But most recently, researchers working with Turkish universities have developed a formal scientific research program involving additional geophysical work before any major excavation takes place. And so as recently as 2025, the team was actually pushing back against reports that a massive excavation was about to begin.

and they said the next steps would instead involve more geophysical surveys and core drilling, which removes narrow columns of material from below the service while causing less damage, I guess, than digging large excavation pits. And so the idea is kind of simple before anybody tears open the formation. They take samples from deep underground and find out exactly what is in there. Now, and in September, 26, as we are talking to you right now, the next stage has begun. Researchers have started drilling and drew into tomorrow. According to reports published this week, the current project is being conducted under Turkish authorization and involves archaeologists, geologists, including researchers associated with Sybis, Kulermount University, and Noah's Ark scans.

And so one of the most unusual parts of the new investigation, though, is that a small underground robotic system, nicknamed Gofer, will be used this time. And so the idea is that drilling can create access points that would allow the robot to enter underground spaces or anomalies identified by previous rates. Dar-Scan. Kind of what I was just saying. And I wonder if they're going to be looking for fossilized items, you know, fossilized. Well, of course. Animals or even poop or anything. I don't know.

I don't know about that. I mean, the interesting thing is, right, so if this boat, if this was Noah's Ark and it did come to rest on this mountain and how it would have been covered, because obviously if it would have come to rest, right, the water would have receded. And how does this, this massive boat, this massive ship become covered? covered over the course of years. It just doesn't make a lot of sense. And especially considering the fact, yeah, it would have been heavily weathered over years.

If this thing, obviously, how are you going to move it? You're not going to move it. It's not like they had excavation equipment and cranes back then. So you can't move the ship. It would have literally set there forever. It would have likely rotted away within 100 years probably. I mean, I would think, or two, 300 years. We're talking about thousands of years.

And so what they're trying to say is this thing has been covered. but you know we do know that since Noah's ark was created and that great flood that happened there has not been a great flood since then which would have been potentially the only other explanation of how I boat that size at the top of a mountain could have been covered up with mud or something but that's just not happened since then yeah but think about this too you think about different mountain ranges you think about the rocky mountains versus the mountain range around us and our range is much older but it's also much lower now because of erosion and does that erosion affect just the bottom only or does it affect the top?

You know, you're thinking about plate tautonics and the way that the plates move and distribute the earth, there is a possibility that it could have been covered up. Yeah, actually, speaking of what you're talking about, and you're like, for example, the Appalachian Mountains is the oldest mountain range in the world, I believe. and yet if you look at some of the other ranges throughout the world, they're much bigger mountains, like where Mount Everest is. But it's crazy because if you think about a lot of, I guess, archaeologists say that the Appalachian Mountains used to probably be the tallest mountain range in the world.

Right. But because it's the oldest, it's been the most weathered. And also you've got to think about floods and you got to think about, like you were saying, tectonic movement and earthquakes, although technically, yes, the Appalachian Mountains now is not necessarily on a fault line, but we don't know if that's always been the case. So yeah, absolutely landscapes can change over time and over the years. And I guess my point is it's just that if it's sitting on top of a mountain, how in the hell would it have been covered in the way that it was for, you know, without it had been

completely decayed or destroyed or rotted out, you know, within two or three hundred years. So I do want to play this clip, though. Patrick Bet David had Randall Carlson on and he asked him about this site. And I want you to hear what Randall has to say. Listen. So you're talking about the flooding. Let me ask the question about Noah's Ark. So a story comes out, Rob, if you can play that clip, the one article I send you that says archaeologists think they might have found the real Noah's Ark.

Did you read this article? Have you looked into this or no? Probably. Where it says a mountain in Turkey shows evidence of human activity in the area around the biblical flood. It's set to be Mount Ararat, which that's the Armenian name. Armenian mountain archaeology. They discovered the final location of Mount Arara, Mount Noah's Ark. Soil samples from the top to highest peaks in Turkey reveal human activity and marine materials.

Dating of the rock and soil from the location matched with biblical timing of Noah's Ark. Researchers from a trio of the University of Turkey, United States have spent roughly a year analyzing the rock and soul, the famous Duri-Panar formation on Mount Ardra, the highest mountain in Turkey. They believe that the boat-shaped site may hold the ruins of the legendary Noah's Ark. The biblical account of Noah tells God, instructed Noah to build a giant ark to spare his family and pair of animals from an impending flood meant to destroy the evil and wickedness running rampant on earth. Knows Ark is said to have come to rest on the mountains of Ardododagh following a 150-day flood about 5,000 years ago. Yeah, Deripanar, right, there it is. Yeah, I mean, you know, the thing is, is when you look into the biblical Hebrew or the description,

of the ark. It's usually the ark is built of gopher wood, which in the Hebrew is gimel pei rash, but it had an alternate meaning, gimel peiress. You can look that up. I've done quite a bit of research on that, and it actually originally meant papyrus reeds. And the earliest known shipbuilding technology, techniques were papyrus reeds. And, but it was furthered. They went, you know, the, the, the, the, the, the, uh, the, uh, the, uh, the, the, uh, the pitch that was used on the, um, on it, I think was part of the, the whole system that they used. This, this, this would be a whole discussion in itself, uh, Pat, that would be very interesting to get into. Tell me about it. I want to know a little bit about it. I'm, I'm curious myself. I'm

Armenian. I'm a Syrian. So, yeah. So what are we looking at right there? Well, we're looking at a sense about 430 feet. long, which is not the, you know, the Hebrew cubit, modern Hebrew cubits, and cubits up 18 inches, which is where we get to 300, you know, 300 cubits at 18 inches would be, what, 450 feet? This thing is a little bit longer than that, which suggests it was not using the modern Hebrew cubit, or that the Bible is not referring to the modern Hebrew cubit, but perhaps even the Egyptian cubit, which was longer.

Egyptian cubit was, oh, about 21.6264. Look up royal cubit. I think it'd be about 20.62 inches in length, royal cubit. So this thing is 300 cubits long. Yeah, there's your common cubit, 18. Yeah, Royal cubit, 20.64. So that thing that we were just looking at works out to be about 300 cubits if we're using the royal cubit rather than the model.

Hebrew Cuban, which is a coincidence. You know, and the controversy over that thing, it's been around for years, 30 or 40 years ago, David Fasold wrote a really interesting book, I think, came out in the 70s or early 80s on that site. And, you know, it was a lot of controversy, whether it was natural or something not natural. And so I haven't kept up with the research, but this may be, yeah, there is right there. Now that's a drogue stone that he's standing next to And you see a big stone like that

It's got that hole in it So if you've got an anchor chain or a rope It goes through that hole and you drag it behind the boat The boat in order to keep the keel aligned parallel with the current Because if the keel gets out of parallel with the current Then you're going to it's going to swamp You know I've done a lot of canoeing and I knew you know when you're on a fast move river, you know, you want to keep your keel aligned with the current because as soon as it turns

transverse to the current, you're going to flip. So the drogstone is towed behind the ship, and that keeps the keel aligned. So there are these really big grogstones that have been found. Now, what ships were they? I don't know. But I think David Fashold was speculating that that some of the big ones may have even been associated with arc-sized ships. And it's bizarre, but if you come over to North America and you look at legends of Native Americans, you know, there was giant floods and basically how they survived, mostly was a couple of the primary ways they survived these giant floods that swept over the country and wiped out their ancestors was either a high mountain, which now would be a sacred mountain,

or a great canoe. They was translated as a great canoe. Now, that has been dismissed by historians and archaeologists saying that, well, they must have learned the story of Noah from missionaries, and then they grafted that onto their own religious traditions and so on. But that can be dispelled because we know that people like, George Caitlin, who was the Indian artist, who, oh, gosh, he spent decades and traveled and lived amongst dozens and dozens of Indian tribes. And he recorded all of their traditions and their beliefs.

Rob, if you look at George Caitlin, C-A-I-T-L-A-N, I believe, Indian artist. He recorded their accounts, and I have a great quote from him at the end of his book called Last Rambles. and basically he's saying that he went to all of the app, yeah, there's some of his artwork, George Catlin, Catlin, Catlin, not Caitlinland. So at the end of his book, The Last Rambles, he's talking about the traditions of Native Americans. And he says that it was such a diversity of language

and symbolism and beliefs and all that, but they all had one thing in common. And that was their belief that there had been this great flood. Now, what I've done is I've shown, absolutely, we can prove that there were great floods, certainly in North America, but it's showing the evidence for these gigantic floods is showing up all over the planet. And they're directly related to the place to scene extinction of the megaphone. Because when you have a big flood, one of the things it does is it rips up part of the earth in one place and then dumps it somewhere else. You have erosion and you have deposition. Well, if an animal is caught in a flood and they're not completely ending up getting disarticulated,

their remains will then wash down and be found into flood deposits. Most of the remains, the fossilized remains of megafauna that we find, are in mega flood deposits. In gravel pits, peat bogs, permafrost. So it looks to me like there was two factors. and if the Younger Dryas impact hypothesis is true, which is appearing to be more and more so the case, it means you had simultaneous huge fires followed by huge floods. So what the fires didn't wipe out, the floods finished the job. There it is, the Younger Dryas, was in a period in Earth's geological history that occurred

circa 12,900 to 11,700 years before present. Okay, that was Randall Carlson trying to explain the site in Turkey. Now, Randall is extremely knowledgeable about ancient history and especially geographic and archaeological anomalies. He's been chasing that for years, has done an amazing job at a lot of his research, a lot of his books. I know he's worked with various archaeologists around the world. He's really good at that stuff. And one of the things he briefly mentions there is Mesopotamia. once you start looking into the Noah's Ark story and the story of the flood, and then you realize that there are eerily similar stories of exactly the type of flood that happened during Noah's Day, but happened far earlier than Noah's Day.

And we're talking about things that have been written in cubit and or cuneiform, sorry, on tablets that we actually have in some museums. And so some of these names are hard to pronounce. I'm just going to go ahead and tell you. But the Zio Sudra and Aridu Genesis Sumer. So it's probably the oldest surviving written version of the Mesopotamium flood tradition. A chosen, righteous man is warned that a catastrophic flood is coming, survives in a vessel, and humanity continues afterwards. Now, the surviving tablet is usually dated around 1600 BCE,

but their tradition itself is thought to be much older, possibly going back to around 2,300 BCE or earlier. So we're talking a very long time before the Bible. Now, you also think of Mesopotamia or the Austrosis. Extremely close to Genesis, the gods decide to destroy humanity. Astrosis receives a warning, builds a boat, brings his family and living creatures aboard, survives the flood, and then offers sacrifice afterwards. This is one of the strongest literary ancestors or parallels to Noah.

And this also came before the Bible. You also have the nataphism in the Epic of Gilgames. probably one of the most striking comparisons. Nativism, however the hell you say that name, is warned that a massive flood is coming, builds a huge boat, takes aboard family, animals, and provisions, survives while humanity is destroyed, lands in a mountainous region,

and releases birds to determine whether the waters have receded. Those birds release details are particularly close to Genesis. Then you have Deucalion and Pariah, or Pira. Zeus decides humanity has become corrupt and destroys most people with the flood, Decalian is righteous, is warned, survives aboard a vessel with his wife, eventually reaches a mountain, and offers sacrifice afterwards. The combination is remarkably noelike. And then you have Manu and Masia, ancient India.

Manu is warned in advance by a supernatural being that a catastrophic flood is coming. He is instructed to build a ship, boards it with when the waters arrive, survives the destruction, and becomes an ancestor of later humanity. Later versions include seeds, plants, living creatures being preserved aboard the vessel. So we're talking about various eerily similar stories to the Noah's Ark story to where there is a God or God that warns this particular person that has granted this, I guess, premonition or I guess almost like a prophet type style. He has told to do this certain thing, which is build a boat, bring living creatures on board, survive it so that humanity survives. And this story has been going on for thousands of years before the Bible. So then it makes you wonder like what exactly is the deal here. And there's a guy that did a video which I want to play as well.

I'm not saying, by the way, that the Noah's Ark story was copied necessarily from these older stories. Yeah, because it still does not make sense to me. How do you get every species on a boat to make them all survive? And if you don't have a certain species, how do they exist after the fact? Yeah. And I don't know, did they have amoebas on the vote? I mean, did they have like the littlest one cell like organisms? Did they have everything?

I mean, I'm just curious. I don't know. But a lot of those things would have survived floods, right? I mean, more than likely. And especially amoebas. I mean, they love water. But I don't know about salt water. I don't know about salt water necessarily.

But it was interesting when you're telling about the oldest flood that is recorded on these tablets. And you brought up the word Gilgamesh. I'm like, Chad, I have heard of Gilgamesh before. Yeah, well, I actually read a book about Gilgamesh. Gilgamesh, from the book that I read, and it was actually a really good book to kind of explain, I guess, who he was. If you go back to the Watchers days in the Nephilim, for example, well, out of the Watchers, out of the Nephlam became these great warriors, the giants, these people that were half human, half human. And what we at least believe that Gilgamesh was, was half supernatural, half human.

Now, he looked very manly. He was huge. I mean, this very big dude, huge muscles. And he became a leader. He became a great warrior and a king. Obviously, the Epic of Gilgamesh has a very eerily similar story to Noah's Ark as well. And just like many others. But I want to play this, this clip.

And this is what at least part of my mind started to think. And like I said, I'm not saying that this is true because I am going to offer a counterpoint to this. But I want you to hear this. This comes from the channel. the truth hurts. And this is what he explains as far as why maybe the Noah's Ark story made him completely not believe in the Bible at all. Listen. By growing up with a picture of Noah's Ark on my bedroom wall, I would go 25 years of my life without ever studying the story's historicity. That was until one particular day, when my dad

recommended that for my next public talk, I take a look at that outline, The Flood of Noah's Day has meaning for us. a talk in which the number one objective is to convince the audience that the flood was a real historical event. Over the next couple of months, I would go on to research every single drop of evidence put forward to support the Bible story as being historically true. I would then reread the Bible account and address very important questions that I popped up into my mind over the process, a process of which optimism turned to skepticism turn to mental despair. how through isolating and dissecting just one Bible story

sent the infallibility of the entire Bible crashing down. Did a man named Peter ever actually walk on water? Were thousands of people fed with just five loaves and two fish? And excluding the one off Shrek, was there ever a talking donkey? Whether you're a diehard believer or a real skeptic, there is no way today that you can prove or disprove that those things happened. If you're going to believe they did, you have to do it on faith.

But why I love this story so much is because faith doesn't need to enter into the picture. If it's true that only 4,300 years ago, there was a global flood which destroyed anything and everything in its path, excluding just an arc of animals and eight humans, then the evidence will be overwhelming. We know there was a global flood because the Bible clearly teaches it as a factual event. To anyone while versed in logical fallacies, this is a clear example of circular reasoning. We know it's true because the Bible says it's true. It's like a Muslim saying, we know the prophet Muhammad was a messenger of the true God because the Quran teaches it as fact.

Or a Hindu saying, we know that Lord Shiva brought his beheaded son back to life because the Vidas teaches it as a factual event. And by the way, I just want to point this out. As I said, we're going to get to the counter argument of this. Now, I'm not saying I believe what this guy says because, number one, I do believe, obviously, there have been multiple floods, including likely the last flood, which was during Noah's days. But I want you to hear this point of view at the very least before we get into the counter argument to say why the Noah's Ark story is true and why the Noah's Ark story in the Bible is not copied from previous flood stories that had existed thousands of years before. The problem on all three accounts is that if you don't share the same presuppositions as the one saying it,

it's completely ineffective reasoning. What I was looking for was evidence that could not be refuted. And I thought I found just that. On page 328 of The Insight book produced by Jehovah's Witnesses, I found a list of flood legend source from all over the world, which on average share four out of the six basic similarities that the biblical flood story contains. How can so many flood legends exist that share such common features with the biblical one? As Noah's descendants spread throughout the earth, it seems that they retold the story of the flood.

In time, however, the story evidently became distorted into various forms. The first time I saw this, it kind of made sense, especially considering what happened at the Tower of Babel. Over time, the story was retold and retold until it got distorted into various forms. But when I broke down the exact categories, the locations and the details of these specific floods, that hypothesis began to fall apart. I first thought it was bizarre how Watchtower included the category, Destruction by Water. Now correct me if I'm wrong, but I've never seen a major flood that hasn't brought some level of destruction by water. This would be the equivalent of me doing a table to find humans similar to myself and including the box, human.

One aspect that was more surprising to me, though, was that only half of these flood legends were of divine cause. Considering how in the biblical account, God warns Noah, God provides the specific building dimensions of the ark, God brings the animals, God brings the rain, God shuts the door, God approves of Noah's post-flood sacrifices. God plays a massive role in this story. But in almost half of these legends found all over the world, a god or gods don't even feature. If this hypothesis was true that the prevalence of flood legends derives from a singular event in Genesis, then we would expect these legends to exist irrespective of their location. You would find some on islands, some being told by people who live in a country which borders the sea,

and some being told by people who live a thousand miles in land. But as you go through the list, one by one you notice that nearly all of these legends are from islands or countries which border the sea. and in the odd case you think they're not. A small amount of research into the people in the tribes to which these flood legends derive reveal at one time they lived either by the sea or by major rivers. To be honest, considering how all these flood legends are derived from a period of time where they lived in ignorance of modern science in history,

I would be more surprised if they didn't have flood legends. But if you're still convinced by that table in the Insight book that every single flood legend in existence today is derived from the one flood legend in the Bible. Then can we apply that same logic to earthquakes? Can we say that every single earthquake legend around the world is derived from the Bible's viewpoint that God on occasion causes earthquakes? Still largely unsatisfied. I would go on to read six books front to back, two DVDs and do extensive research online, analyzing the best evidence people put forward for the flood happening, from woolly mammoths frozen in time to the genesis flood being revealed

in Chinese picture symbols, and remnants of marine life being found near the summit of some of the world's tallest mountains. Time and time again, the recurring problem that I encountered with these pieces of apparent evidence was the fact that they couldn't be scientifically reinforced as fact. They were simply speculation and assertions. But just when I thought that I'd exhausted all lines of evidence, I was about to hear of something which, in true, would be a complete game changer. Because when I went to see a couple in the family, and I told them that the story of Noah's Ark was one of the key reasons as to why I was having doubts in my faith, they looked at me completely bemused and they said, whoa, well, has, what do you mean? They have found Noah's Ark. I'm not sure

what they'd been looking at, but it certainly wasn't jw.org. Even the website says that new numerous expeditions have led to interesting claims, but not to conclusive proof. And that despite many efforts, though, the search for Noah's Ark is ongoing. Reading these books, doing research online, and talking to family members, had only raised more questions than it had answered. And so I decided it was time to stop desperately attempting to validate the story. It was time to allow my own mind to address the questions that had been building up for the last couple of months, and to reread the biblical account of the flood through the lens of skepticism. After Noah reached 500 years of age, he became father to Shem, Ham and Japheth.

This was the first red flag that I encountered, and it's before the flood story even begins. If I wanted to maintain my belief that this story was true, I'd also have to believe that in a world before contraception, in a world in which Noor and his wife probably got married as soon as their bodies were physically, able to. They were having intimate moments for around 480 years without bearing a child. And then bam, there's three all at once. Mentally, that didn't quite sit right. It didn't make sense. And so I asked a family member that I respected for their opinion. They said that because Noah was closer to Adam's perfection, he probably had greater control of his reproductive powers.

you know when you hear something so bizarre and so wacky that you just need to take a step back to mentally process it? I think what they were saying was that Noah almost used the force on his sperm to make sure that they didn't reach the egg and fertilise it. Hearing that of someone I respected so much made me realise that if I was going to keep any sort of faith in this story being real, I was going to have to reach new levels of mental gymnastics. Because from this point on, the story just gets even more difficult to rationalise with reality. Assuming that there were roughly the same number of species at the time of the flood as to today, the total figure for the number of animals on board the ark would stand at approximately 2.065 million. Online I saw different Christian denominations debate whether insects would have been on board the ark or not.

but none of them provided a valid explanation as to how these one million species of insects would survive without land, food or fresh water. In fact, just through using the Bible alone, we realised that they must have been on board the ark. You would have thought that a global flood would have provided the perfect opportunity for Jehovah, a god of love, kindness and empathy, to eradicate insects such as mosquitoes, fleas and ticks. In the thousands of years after the flood, Jehovah using his foreknowledge would have seen that billions of human lives would be ended by diseases spread by mosquitoes alone, making them the world's most deadly animal. But we can't judge, Jehovah knows everything, it must have been a wise decision to take them on board. 2.065 million is a figure that to many Christians sounds far too high.

But bear in mind that that figure doesn't include the thousands of species that have gone at least. extinct between the ark finishing its voyage to today, and the fact that Noah was actually instructed by God to take seven of many species, and not two. If the Genesis story is correct when it says that they boarded on that very day, the animals would have had to board the arc at the rate of 50 per second. Even without insects, Noa would have still needed to board the animals at a rate of three every two seconds, unless Jehovah provided a high-speed conveyor belt to help the animals along onto the Ark, this would have been impossible. But using that figure of 2.065 million,

I was rather dubious as to whether all these animals would have even been able to fit on board the Ark. And after doing the necessary calculations, let's just say that the animals would have become very familiar with each other. But I was forgetting one very important factor. Noah was instructed to collect and take enough food to last his family and every single animal on board for a time period which lasted over a year. Mr and Mrs Elephant

require on average 600 pounds of food between them each day that's the same weight as a 5x5 round bale of hay they would therefore have required the equivalent weight in food of 370 bales of hay during the trip that's around 222,000 pounds in reality nozark would have been nothing more than an enormous storage container

to house the food for the animals if they wanted to begin boarding animals they'd have had to spend another 50 years building Noah's Ark the second, Noah's Ark's sister ship. When I considered this point, it impacted the story of Noah's Ark the same way an iceberg impacted the story of the Titanic. But with those who are so determined to believe it, such as Christians, where there's a will to make something believable, there's a way to make something believable. And I should provide a big warning at this point. If you possess even the slightest amount of knowledge of the animal kingdom,

the natural world, and the theory of evolution, and not from religious organizations' publications. Then you may want to look away now. Under the heading, could the Ark have howled all the animals? The Insight book says, It is true that encyclopedias refer to over a million species of animals, but Noah was instructed to preserve only representatives of every kind of land animal and flying creature. That means just 43 kinds of mammals, 74 kinds of birds and 10 kinds of reptiles could have produced the great variety of species of these creatures that are known today.

They assert that within the space of only 4,300 years, 43 kinds of mammals have evolved into over 5,500 species. One kind of monkey got off the ark. 4,300 years later, we now have over 330 species of monkey. According to that evolutionary rate of 1 into 330, if we were to travel 4,300 years into the future, we would witness a world plagued by 108,900 species of monkey. What is the most unbelievably ironic thing here is that this organisation takes every opportunity to slate and rubbish the theory of evolution. But when they need it to make the numbers of this story even remotely possible, they assert the most aggressive and rapid form of evolution imaginable.

When I first reflected on this point, I was sat at my desk looking at my musk turtle, thinking, are you one of the 356 species of turtle that is derived from just one, 4,300 years ago? But the more time I studied the environment that my turtle was in, the more questions I asked. I eventually landed at reasoning which not one person I talked to was able to refute. Because my turtle was in a sealed container, being fed a specific diet, with a UV light providing both UVA and UVB, with a basking area, with enough water at the correct pH level, with a water purifier to cleanse the water and remove waste, and a water heater so that the temperature would stay in the perfect range. If any one of those criteria weren't met, then my turtle would likely die.

In fact, just a few days later, my turtle did die, despite me trying my very best to ensure its survival. Now, for multiple reasons, the turtle would not have been able to survive off the ark in the global ocean. But it would be equally absurd to suggest that onboard the ark without modern technology and equipment, it would have been able to survive. How Mr. and Mrs. Turtle made it off the ark alive? Only God knows. But they did. Five months after beginning its journey, Noah's Ark finally came to rest atop Mount Ararat in Turkey. From the starting point to the finishing point, travelling in a straight line, it's a distance of around 450 miles. Considering this was a global flood, this doesn't seem a massive distance.

Why didn't the Ark rest atop Mount Akuncagua in Argentina? Or Mount McKinley in Alaska? Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania? or Mount Everest in Nepal. You would have thought that all of those mountains, along with hundreds of others which are elevated higher than Mount Ararat, would provide more likely destinations for the final point of Noah's Ark. But what we need to bear in mind is that the writers of this story

had no idea that any of these mountains even existed. They had no idea that many of these continents even existed. Their entire world was not our entire world. Could there be a more rational explanation as to why Noah's Ark ended up on top of Mount Ararat, aside from any other mountain? Well, although earlier we stated how varied and how unrelated many of these ancient flood legends are, there does exist a small cluster of flood legends, which bear a strong resemblance to each other. And these all derived from ancient Mesopotamia, what's now today the Iraqi floodplain. In Sumer, No was known as Ziasudra.

In Akkad, he was known as Atra Hasis. In the Babylon epic, he was known as Utnapishdim. In this region, when the Tigris and the Euphrates rivers burst their banks, the surrounding terrain could be filled like a ginormous bathtub. Both geologists and archaeologists have found convincing evidence that there was a flood here up to 22 feet in height, around the year 2,900 BC, centered. on the city of Shurapak. Needless to say that many humans could have died, many animals could have died. But for royalty, or those in high places who have access to a boat, they along with their own

personal menagerie of animals, could have survived. Now safely atop the floodwaters, where was the one place within a relative close proximity to them, which they'd either visited in person or heard about, which would not be impacted in any way by these floodwaters? Mount Ararat. To a biblical literalist, they will say, don't talk such nonsense. If this book says it was a global flood, it was a global flood. If this book says that the ark finished its voyage on Mount Ararat in Turkey, then that's what happened.

This book does not lie. Well, fortunately, we live in a time period where we don't have to take any one person's word that the story is true. We don't even have to take the Bible at face value. because there is a foolproof method of determining whether the story is historically sound. What we can do is we can analyse the geographical dispersity of animal species across the entire planet. In theory, the closer you get to Mount Ararat in Turkey in its surrounding countries, the more numerous and more varied the life forms will be.

The further away you get from that focal point, the less numerous and less varied the animal life will be. Using mammal statistics from the IUCN in 2016, this is a list of the 23 countries in the world, which are home to the most species of mammals. Based upon their geographical distance from Mount Ararat, and the possibility of mammal species migrating to these locations, should we expect these countries to be where they are on the list if Noah's Ark is a true story? If anything, this list reveals almost the exact opposite of what we would expect. expect, Turkey, Syria, Iran and Iraq, while they're nowhere to be seen. The more questions you ask

regarding this story's historicity, the more you receive the resounding answer, it's not true. Organisations like Jehovah's Witnesses are fully aware of this fact. They know just how minimal and how desperate any evidence is in support of this story being possible, let alone true. They know that if one of their members attempts to isolate and examine this story's historicity, it could lead to their entire Tower of Faith crumbling to the floor and them leaving the organisation. And so what do they do? Well, they have one final trick stored up their sleeve just for this occasion. Jesus, Paul and Peter accepted the flood as historical and used it as a warning.

Jesus Christ plainly stated, Noah entered into the ark, and the flood. arrived. This is the best evidence possible. Jesus was in heaven before he came to earth. He watched the building of the ark. He saw the flood. When considered from that standpoint, the evidence that Noah's Ark existed is already overwhelming. Or as my dad put it, are you calling Jesus Christ a liar? To an indoctrinated mind, this diversion method works to absolute perfection. All right.

So there you go. I'm going to stop it right there. And this guy's point on Noah's Ark or Noah's Ark is pretty interesting. I mean, it's interesting when you just break everything down. And like I said, I'm not saying that the Noah's Ark story is not true. I'm not claiming that. I'm just giving you his research. And it's not just him.

I mean, there's been a lot of people that have kind of broken this down for many years and said, how would this even be possible? Well, that's what I was saying in the beginning. beginning. But he did make a very like viable, I guess, point that it could be located at any mountain range. It is not necessarily in Turkey because they only knew their surrounding world. Yeah.

Well, but here's here's what, here's what his point was. Yeah. Exactly to that point. You know, if it is a global flood and you have this huge boat, you know, why would it, like how coincidental would it be that your boat ended up on Mount Ararat? Right there in your region, basically the only land that you know, because obviously you didn't have maps, you didn't have internet back then, you didn't have none of that. All these various other landforms or mountains back then, they would not have known about. Right.

Therefore, the boat landed and rested on top of Mount Ararat or somewhere near there. The Bible doesn't specifically say on the top of Mount Ararat, as we've already talked about, but it does say nearby in a nearby location. And so his point to that was, you know, with the Euphrates and the Tigris River, literally side by side in this region, obviously there would have been massive floods. And there's actually evidence to point to a massive flood in this region thousands of years before Christ or BCE. And that's like the Mesopotamia, not theory, but a lot of people are starting to kind of really believe or get behind this flood hypothesis. but this was a long time before the Noah Arc story. And that was not the only flood throughout history. There were floods that were even before this.

So with all of that broken down, it is kind of crazy. And I wanted to, I just want to kind of give you guys every angle of this. I want to give you every angle of how this all looks. Now, Wes Huff actually talked about this. And he didn't necessarily talk about the reality of how possible the Noah's Ark story would be. But when you start researching the historical floods throughout history, there is obviously questions if you know the Noah's Ark story and you know what the Noah's Ark story says

and you know the premises behind it. And then you hear the other stories that happened thousands of years before and with almost damn near identical storylines or details, very similar, whether it was to bring. bring every living thing or animals on the boat. And to survive humanity, you've got to bring six or eight or ten people. And in a lot of these stories, there were gods that they said that told them to do this. Now, is it possible, by the way, that there were various floods before the Noah's Ark flood? Absolutely.

That is possible. We don't know about it in the Bible. We only know about the Noah's Ark story. But we do know that there were other floods based on other writings before the Bible itself. You know what I'm saying? and if that's the case in a god or a prophet or somebody told these people to build a boat and save all these animals, his point, why did they save mosquitoes? Why did they save ticks? Why did they save the number one killer of people like mosquitoes, malaria?

Yeah, absolutely. No, you're 100% correct. I wanted to play this as well because I'm trying to play you guys everything that kind of involves this story. There's a guy known as Irvin Finkel that went on. the Lex Friedman podcast, and he talked about the secret of Noah's Ark, a shocking discovery of the original Noah's Ark. And this guy is one of the most researched, I guess, expeditioners and scholars as far as ancient history and floods that there is out there.

Ervin Finkel knows his stuff. And I wanted to play this clip from what he had talked about as far as not only the Noah's arc story, but also other floods throughout history. Listen. You mentioned floods, and speaking of stories that have been lost and found, you're well known for a lot of things. One of them is decoding the so-called arc tablet. Yeah, that was a challenge because it's really hard to read.

You've got to tell me the story, this ancient Babylonian clay tablet dating 1700 BC, which contains a flood narrative that predates the biblical story of Noah by a thousand years. At least. At least. Yeah. Okay. Well, you got to tell me the full story. So the full story is like this.

Visitors used to come to the museum to ask questions of the experts who work there, and one would be on duty periodically. And sometimes people would bring objects, sometimes they'd ask questions. And somebody once came in with a whole load of objects, including this tablet, which cut a long story short, I identified pretty much straight away as being part of the flood story. It was a tablet about eight inches by three. Not the whole flood story, which is a complex narrative, which ended up in the Gilgamesh narrative much, much later.

But this one was an early narrative in which the point was taken up where the gods in heaven had decided that the population of Mesopotamia needed to be wiped out because they were so noisy. This was the expression. And the gods couldn't sleep. after lunch sort of thing. So they decided they would write them out and create something quieter

that worked harder. So this was the basic mechanism and they had different ways of doing it and the most effective one was they were going to send a flood to wipe them all out and one of the gods, the number three in the triumvirate, thought this was a deplorable idea

so he took it upon himself to warn this person called Atrohasis who lived in Mesopotamia to build a boat to rescue life when the waters came. And in it, he told him the shape of it and the materials he would need and how much he would need are the materials so he could do it safely. And in the 60 lines of a tablet, all this stuff was there. It was like a blueprint to build this boat. And it was extraordinary because it was round the boat. And everybody who knew their Bible, the arcs had a coffin shape

kind of affair, and nobody thought of it being a roundboat. And the fact is that roundboats wouldn't use in Mesopotamia on the rivers, coracles, that's to say, because for transporting things, and they would never sink, they were very appropriate. And so in this story, it was decided it was going to be a giant coracle, a really, really big one that would never sink, and the male and female animals could go in and Adrahasie's wife and his three sons and so forth

could go in and everything would be there and it would float on the water and when it came down they said we'll start all over again. So it's got very many points in common with the description of the Flaudean Genesis and of course so did the one in Gilgamesh. So in 1872 there was a

a serialist in the British Museum called George Smith. And he was a very, very talented reader. And in 1872, he discovered that one of the tablets from the Nineveh Library we were talking about before had on it a passage which ran in parallel with Gilgamesh about the waters coming and the boat and everybody floating. And even to the point that when the rain stopped and the art came to rest, on a mountain that the hero of this thing in Gilgamesh who was called Utnapishdinah Pishdin, released a bird three times to see whether the trees had come up, and the first one came back, and the second one, and the third one didn't, so we knew that.

So this was not only in the epic of Gilgamesh, but it was also in the book of Genesis. So what it meant was that it wasn't, you couldn't have two stories, it wasn't two stories about the same thing. It was literary dependence. It was literary dependence that one was locked into the other. The text of the Hebrew Bible from whenever it was written down, of course nobody knows quite when, but whenever it was,

it was about the same time as the one from Ninnuio, about the 7th century, 6th, something like that, the time interval between the Gilgamesh version from Nenevi and the Hebrew Bible is not like a big expanse of time, So there was an argument that one goes this way and one goes that way, but then when this tablet came in a thousand years old, nobody believes the Bible was written in 1700 BC. So the primacy of the Mesopotamian matter was established.

And it's important because you never get floods in Jerusalem. You just don't. But in Mesopotamia they had floods. The rivers, sometimes there wasn't enough water, sometimes there was too much, sometimes it was far too much water. So the mechanism that the waters could be used as a destructive force by the powers that be is a plausible Mesopotamian mechanism. And it's based in a sort of sense, in my opinion, in reality, I think there must have been

some tsunami once. Most people were drowned and those who survive were in boats, obviously. And then afterwards, nobody ever forgot it. And it went on and on. They mean they actually could have been a catastrophic event of a large-scale. Yeah, not the whole world. But just enough to imagine. Yeah, sweeping down to the Persian Gulf and, you know, the flat plains, everything would be destroyed,

all the houses would be destroyed, and then-mores would be drowned. This is an incredible discovery. Do you think it's possible that this is the original? There are flood myths in many cultures. I believe this. The Mesopotamians had a deep-seated horror of dependency, seat on water when they couldn't control it. They were fearful of it.

And they had a rainbow in Babylonia, like in the Bible, as a proof that the disastrous flood would never happen again. But I think there must have been one episode of this kind, maybe 5,000 years before the tablet, 10,000, it doesn't matter. Because with the passage of time, nothing happens in that part of the world. So something will be alive, grandfather to grandson, before you go to sleep and remember my boy, you know, you only have to be careful because otherwise and all that stuff. For sure, bogeyman stuff.

It never quite died out in their conscious minds. So I think that when the Judeans from Jerusalem after the destruction of the temple and by the Babylonians and the route of the priesthood and everything, the king and the others went overland to Babylon as refugees. and they had to live there for three generations of time under Nebuchadnezzar. So I believe that the text of the Bible was written then because if you read the Bible attentively, which I can't say I do on a regular basis, but if you do read it dispassionately,

you have the mechanism that the early books of the Bible explain to the reader how it is that these people are in such a mess because they're supposed to be the chosen people doing all that, Look at they haven't got a temple, they haven't got a country, they're washed up and everything like that. So I think that what happened was, it's a complex thing, but the Judeans from Jerusalem, they spoke Hebrew, but they also spoke Aramaic, right? The two languages, their sister languages. And the Babylonians spoke Babylonian, and they also spoke Aramaic, and they all wore the same kind of clothes, and they all had brown skin. and when all these refugees from Jerusalem were men in around in Babylonia,

they would have intermarried and disappeared within no time at all. And the authorities who were there prevented this by drawing up a kind of charter of their history, explaining things from the beginning of time up until now how it happened and what happened and it was all intentional. So that is, in my opinion, the drawing. driving force behind the Hebrew text. And the thing about it is that they didn't have in Jewish philosophical tradition

stuff about creation and the beginning of the world and they took Babylonian ideas, which they learned when they were there, and they recycled them. So, whereas the Babylonians decided

that gods were going to wipe out that noisy persons, when the Jewish philosophers got this narrative to recycle about the vengeful almighty. He was in the Old Testament, a very unpleasant and vengeful person. It was because of sin. It wasn't because of rocket and playing the radio. It was sin.

So they took one narrative and they recycled it for their own purposes. The flat is a useful tool to punish people for whatever X is. That's exactly right. And something else is this. Something else is this, right? You have five days to build the eyes. arc or whatever it is, two weeks to be on the ark. So the clock goes tick, tick, tick, tick, tick. And about a third of the films that come out of Hollywood are the world's going to be demolished

by aliens and you've got 24 hours to think of a cure, tick, tick, tick, tick, tick, tick, tick. So that narrative is irresistible that one man can save the world if he's lucky in time from disaster. So it starts off with Utnapitim and it goes on to Noah and then it goes. goes on to Hollywood. Do you think this arc in the tablet actually was ever built? You did build a replica, one-third the size. Yeah. And people should check out.

You tell the story of that wonderfully. Now, what did you learn from building this replica? And do you think the actual arc existed? No, I don't think so. I think it's a literary construction out of the reality that people who did survive were on boats. I mean, they had boats, for sure. And you might wake up in the Persian Gulf, and you never know what happened. But, you know, it's a literary moral principle teaching narrative.

And look, missionaries take it all around the world. That's the other thing. See, this is the mystery of it that you have flood stories everywhere. And some of them are from meddlesome missionaries who have all these innocent little kids sitting on benches. And I'm... All right. So that is Irvin Finkel. Now, Irvin is not just some random dude this just spewing crap out of his mouth.

This dude literally built a replica of Noah's Ark. He has studied and devoted his entire life to, in particular, the Noah's Ark story, but also ancient floods, Mesopotamia flood in particular because that was the one. And like you said, the Gilgamesh epic or the Epic of Gilgamesh and Genesis, they were so close together that, you could say, well, Gilgamesh got the story maybe from Genesis or Genesis, whatever, and maybe they just told the story differently. It's recycled. Yeah, yeah. Or, yeah, it was just two various accounts of the same event.

Or say, for example, the epic of Gilgamesh took credit for the flood story rather than what the Bible version is, right, with Noah's Ark. But then you look at Mesopotamia, and that was thousands of years previous, which, like he says most you know anybody that knows anything about ancient history like this especially biblical history knows that that's almost impossible for the old testament to be written that old so then the story starts to you start to question it right obviously this is one story and I started seeing all this and guys the reason why we wanted to do this podcast or I did in particular is because when you start seeing the story and you start seeing that they have allegedly found the site of Noah's Ark. And you look at all of these influencers and especially a lot of the

Christian conservative influencers that they're making all these videos across the internet over the past two or three weeks. And they're saying, we have found Noah's Ark. And they're literally trying to convince you that they have found Noah's Ark. And a lot of people won't do the research. They won't go and actually dig into what it means. I actually told mom about this today. And she was like, yeah, I heard they did find Noah's Ark. And, you know, she'll never research. she'll just think that in her mind unless another big story comes out to disprove it. But right now, a lot of people are actually believing that Noah's Ark has been found. Therefore, concreting evidence for the Bible of Noah's Ark.

And I'm not saying, and look, I know there's a lot of people out there. And I'm a Christian myself. I believe in Jesus. I believe in God. I'm just saying that stories like this are very interesting, especially when you have all of these other things that. Well, it's just interesting to me that this guy has spent his entire life researching the Noah's Ark, replicating Noah's art, researching floods from the past.

And he doesn't believe Noah's Ark existed. What he believes is it's more like a parable that people were actually on boats and that's how they survived these floods. Yeah. And he believes kind of very similar to what that guy, the truth hurts, where he says, likely there was a major flood in between the Euphrates and the Tigers River and the people that did survive were on boats and, you know, when their boat or a big boat or whatever boat it was or multiple boats, you know, came to rest on this mountain, right, Mount Ararat or in that region at the very least, or there was a story about that region? Why would the boat from Noah's Ark when it's not even

that far away from where allegedly Noah built the boat and then it came to rest? Why did it come to rest there of all places outside of any other landmass or mountain? mountain range around the world. And supposedly this boat was in water for a year. So it would travel. It would travel way farther than they did. You would think. Now, listen, guys, I want, first of all, I want you guys to let me know what you think, right?

I want you guys to send us a message on social media. I'm not saying that what these people are saying is true because I do believe the Bible. I believe in obviously God. I believe in Jesus. I am a Christian. I am saved. and I believe that I'm going to heaven because of that. But I still want your opinion.

I want you to let me know what you think. Now, I said that we were also going to play the contrary of this, right? Not the people saying that this didn't happen or this didn't exist or maybe this story was recycled. But Wes Huff is a very well-known biblical scholar. He's one of what most Christians believe to be one of the most educated biblical scholars on the topic. He has devoted his entire life. just to the Bible, but just ancient history in general, various other Bibles, the Quran, I mean, you name it.

He's researched everything. But he's very young, too. He's young. He's not like an old dude. No, he's not, but he is extremely smart. He, after all of his research and everything he's done, went down the rabbit hole of ancient history and biblical history and just religious history in general. He does believe in Jesus Christ.

He is a Christian. He does believe in basically what I believe. So the guy before the guy we just played, you know, the guy that was kind of rationalizing the Noah's Ark story and how many animals and all that stuff. You can kind of, I guess, take this a little bit into a response to that and also the response to Irvin that you just heard and what he believes. This is Wes Huff.

Listen. Researchers, skeptics, and lay people have pointed out that there are stories in the biblical Old Testament like that of Noah's flood that are very similar to other ancient near eastern stories of similar content. Some have even gone as far to say that these types of biblical stories were influenced, inspired by, or even outright plagiarized from documents like the Epic of Gilgamesh. Now, there are obvious parallels between some of these other ancient stories and the narratives we find in the biblical accounts. Just as a very quick example, both the biblical flood story in Genesis 6 and the Epic of Gilgamesh have a character making a giant bow. to weather a grape flood, both have birds being released, both have a sacrifice being made

immediately after the catastrophe, and both have the favor and blessings of the god or gods in question. It's because of these types of similarities that some have accused a direct borrowing from the Mesopotamian story of Gilgamesh by the author of Genesis. The problem with these types of parallel claims is that they only truly exist on the surface. When further investigation is done, and especially when surveying what scholars of the ancient Near East actually say concerning the accusation, you'll see that outright plagiarism is actually very unlikely. Just to back up, this idea of ancient borrowing stems from a theory that what eventually became ancient Israelite culture was largely a product of influence from Babylonian

society. In the late 6th century BC, the Israelites had been conquered by Babylon, and as you can read in places like the Book of Jeremiah, certain Israelite individuals were carted off to Babylon, where they remained for 70 years. This event is well documented, both within the biblical Old Testament, as well as the archaeological record. A number of key Babylonian, Persian, Judean, and other ancient Near Eastern tablets have been discovered that describe the events during this time, and the presence of the Jewish exiles has been well documented within the historical record. It's this fact that individuals in the past have latched onto as the very period when they say religious narratives, myths, legends,

and folklore from the Babylonians started to permeate and weave their way into what eventually became the biblical book of Genesis. Many alleged parallels were put forward between ancient Mesopotamian stories and their biblical counterparts in an effort to prove that what most of the Bible says was derived from the Babylonian legends. Problems started to arise, however, when ancient Near Eastern scholars started to highlight the differences rather than the similarities. In other words, similarities are easy to find if you really want to find them. If you want to, you can find some pretty fascinating similarities between ancient Mayan

and ancient Greek mythology. The same goes for religious ceremonial practices of the Vikings and religious practices of the Aztecs. However, the Mayans didn't borrow and rework Greek mythology any more than the Aztecs did with the Vikings. The geographical and time differences between these types of parallels, although one could easily draw the lines, proves one point and one point specifically. It's easy to ignore the conflict of details and capitalize on the resemblances. It's the differences that make the difference. Correlation does not equal causation.

Kind of like how Advil and arsenic both come in pill form, but it isn't the similarities that make the difference when I'm deciding on what to reach for when I have a headache. Philologists study this and the Babylonian parallels with the biblical stories have pointed out for decades that linguistic parallels between, say, the biblical flood story, and something like the Epic of Gilgamesh, are realistically more superficial than they are outright. The existence of vague similarities does not then mean that you can necessarily draw a straight line in origin or even influence from one to the other. Now, some might argue that

those aren't fair comparisons. After all, there wasn't any cultural intermingling going on between the Vikings and the Aztecs, where there was a clear time cultural and religious overlap between the ancient Israelites and the other Mesopotamian nations. This is true and may be a fair objection. However, once again, we need to make sure we're taking our crossovers on a case-by-case basis and not still violating the correlation causation fallacy. The obvious examples are that of the stories like the Epic of Gilgamesh, but they're not origin accounts like the beginning of the book of Genesises. The Babylonians had an origin story called the Enuma Elish, and it is as opposite in its intention and narrative from Genesis as you could possibly get. It's also useful to point out

that a lot of the comparisons, whether we're talking about the Epic of Gilgamesh, the tale of Adapa, the Clay Enkidic tablet, the Eridu flood account, as well as a few others from the ancient Near East are all fragmentary, either what's left over for us to read or pertaining to there being multiple scattered versions of the same story. There isn't necessarily one story of the Epic of Gilgamesh, but rather several fragmentary accounts that differ quite significantly with one another. When I talk about the details of the epic, what I'm referring to is the latest and most complete version of the 7th century BC, found in the library of Ashurbanapal at Nineveh.

In this final standardized form, the epic of Gilgamesh follows the account of Gilgamesh, the king of Uruk. When looking at the Epic of Gilgamesh, we have a number of possible candidates for biblical overlap. The main plot of the story is that Gilgamesh, a king,

is hated by his people. And right at the beginning of the epic, the gods create a man named Anki-Doo, a wild man who lives in and a monk the wildlife of the forest. Eventually, the gods send a prostitute to bring him back to the city of Uruk in an effort to civilize him and befriend Anki-Doo. The prostitute befriends and sleeps with Anki-Doo for a period of time,

slowly integrating ideas of culture and civilized behavior. The more he takes on these concepts, the less the animals interact with him, communicating that Anki-Doo is becoming enculturated and no longer like the wild beast of the fields. This is the story that some have drawn similarities with regarding the creation story of Adam and Eve at the beginning of Genesis. At first, they live in the Garden of Eden, interacting and lording over the animals. However, after eating of the forbidden fruit, they are excommunicated from the garden.

It's then only a few chapters later in Genesis 4 that the rise of culture and civilization takes hold. If we follow the succession of the story of the epic, we see that after Anki-Doo's death later in the story, Gilgamesh becomes confronted with his own mortality and goes on a long journey to find Utnupishtim, an immortal to find out how he, Gilgamesh, can obtain immortality. When Gilgamesh meets with Udnupishdhishem, it's then that we get probably the most common story connected with the biblical narrative. As Gilgamesh talks with Udnupishtim, he's told about the Great Flood. Gilgamesh is told that Upnu Pishhtim was commissioned by the gods to build a boat to survive the storm. Afterwards, he makes a burnt sacrifice to feed the gods, and they're so pleased with this action that they grant him eternal life on Earth.

This story is also accepted to be only part of the latest version of the epic. It's actually missing from the earlier iterations, and it differs linguistically from the rest of the tale in the book. style, opening formulas, and vocabulary. So, were these particular stories stolen or at minimum borrowed to create the biblical accounts? I don't think so. And neither do the majority of ancient Near Eastern scholars if you actually read their assessments of the theory. In fact, some scholars think that the flood account in the epic does come from a precursor

in an Acadian writing from the 18th century BC called the Atrahasis. Whereas the parallels are surfaced between Genesis and Gilgamesh, many of the stylistic choices, grammar, and syntax from the late version of Gilgamesh match with the Atrahasis word for word. We can be confident that the biblical authors didn't borrow from Gilgamesh, as Gilgamesh appears to be from the Atrahasis. If for no other reason, then we have a long and storied history of the Jews, and particularly the Jewish scribal community, being completely repulsed by the ancient paganism around them. Stories like the Epic of Gelgamesh are narratives that specifically claim that the rule and authority of gods are prominent over Yahweh. Not only that, but for the Israelites to look at a story about a wild man who is created by multiple gods and a prostitute sent to seduce him and then do a bait and switch with those characters transforming them into a perfect man

and a perfect woman set up to be priests and representatives of the Almighty God in his sacred garden rather than a wild man and a prostitute seems, for lack of a better way of putting it, silly to me. The whole narrative about Anki-Doo dying, Gilgamesh pursuing eternal life, which he finds out he can achieve temporarily by swimming to the bottom of the ocean to find a plant, which is then stolen by a snake while he sleeps, and then that plant is believed to be replaced by the Israelites who are stealing the story with a tree and fruit, moved to the beginning of the story, not the end. And then the snake doesn't steal the life-giving plant like in Gilgamesh.

She simply talks to our main characters in the biblical story and convinces them to eat of a different fruit from a different tree. And that's not even mentioning a whole host of other details that are essential to the epic, but that we don't find anywhere in the Bible. The problem is the theory that the ancient Israelites stole, borrowed, or outright plagiarized these types of ancient Mesopotamian narratives, operates on making a whole lot of gratuitous assumptions and ignores the details, flow of each narrative, and theological and historical presuppositions that they operate on. Are there similarities?

Sure. But there are similarities between myself and John Claude Van Dam. that doesn't mean I'm a younger version of him. All right, so there you go. That's Wes Huff. Sure. I just want to get your first reaction. Do you think he explains it well enough that there are so much differences?

And keeping in mind also, he primarily was talking about the Epic of Gilgamesh, which we already talked about was if you wanted to try to say that one could potentially have been overlapped with the other, it would be the Epic of Gilgamesh. but do you believe that his explanation is sufficient for you to believe the Noah's Ark story as written? Well, he's saying you've got to look at the differences and not the similarities, but the similarities is what I'm hearing because it's a... It's so close. It's a plant at the bottom of the ocean that a snake eats, and it's the same thing as the tree of the fruit that Adam and Eve aren't supposed to eat. It's two...

You know, I don't believe in coincidences. I don't believe in that. Well, and my thing with West Huff is I had actually not watched a couple of minutes of the video before we actually played it. But I essentially knew what he was about to say. And I kind of wanted to react to it more than know what he was going to say. And it's interesting to me that he primarily talked about the Epic of Gilgamesh over anything else. He kind of left out all the other similarities and very close similarities. And I want to remind everybody, you know, the Epic of Gilgamesh, as the guy said earlier, would be the one that you could.

potentially say is not necessarily borrowed but overlapping to where that Gilgamesh or the epic of Gilgamesh could have been taken from the Bible or the story of Noah potentially, even though most people believe that Gilgamesh was a little bit earlier or around the same time as the early Bible. But there are other floods, as we talked about, that were far earlier that could not have possibly barred off the Bible because these fragments, as West Huff says, was written long before. Now, although, yes, there are fragments of these stories, the fragments that we do have of these floods that, you know, happened 2000 BCE and earlier, are very definitive in the

storylines of the floods. You know, the closest is a Samirian story of Zsaidra. And it's usually called the Aridu Genesis. And in it, the gods decide to destroy humanity with a massive flood. Ziasudra is warned, builds a large boat, preserves life, survives a flood lasting seven days and seven nights, and afterwards offers sacrifice. Same thing with the epic of Gilgamesh and also the Noah's Ark story. Now, the surviving tablet was written around 1600 BCE, but the story is generally thought to have been circulating orally by around 2,300 BCE. And then there is the Adderhasis, another Mesopotamian version. Now, the Otter Hasis is warned that humanity is going to be destroyed.

It is instructed to build a large boat, brings his family and living creatures aboard, survives the flood, and sacrifices afterward. The surviving version dates roughly 17th century BCE, so around 1600 BCE. And then those two are not really, I guess, necessarily 100% independent of Gilgamesh, though. They are better understood as different stages of the same Mesopotamian flood tradition. Zayasudra, Atrahas, and Utabotasium, I can't say those damn words, are essentially different versions of the flood survivor, but written long before the Noah's Ark story that most people believe. And then so obviously outside of the Mesopotamian floods, you've got to think about the Indian story, Manu, where we talked about earlier, is warned in advance that a catastrophic flood is covened, is instructed to build a boat, survives the destruction, and becomes ancestor of humanity afterwards, as we talked about. And that, we believe, is written 800 to 600 BCE. And so that is obviously in India.

And then the Greek Ducalayan story also striking similarities. Zeus destroys humanity with a flood becomes human wickedness. Duglayan and his wife survives in a vessel. The vessel reaches a mountain and they repopulate the world afterwards. The tradition is ancient. But they believe us around the 5th century BCE. So there are many stories that almost have damn near identical storylines as Noah. But for thousands of years before.

It could be possible that God has told certain generations of people to do the same thing. I could. Build a boat. Put your family on there. put the animals on there, survive it. Then you survive and then our civilization will continue. Yeah. But, you know, the interesting thing about this, and you say that, you know, maybe as various

versions of God say in that to various groups of people throughout history, right? Maybe it's different floods and God instructed one of those people or, you know, whoever, the chosen one at that time, even though according to the Bible, you know, Noah was like one of the first chosen ones besides Enoch, right? Enoch was one of the first people that we know of as, I guess, a prophet and a chosen of God. And actually, he was the one that supposedly first ascended into heaven was Enoch. And then after that came Noah. They referred to him as the chosen seed.

And I guess what you're saying is maybe there were other versions of that thousands of years prior with other floods, right? But the also interesting thing about that is that if we remember, it's like the rainbow represents God's promise never to flood the earth again. And do you know what also appears in these other stories is a rainbow that represents never to flood the earth again. Although, obviously, if the Noah's flood came later, then where did the rainbow come from, right? And obviously, we still see rainbows today. Yes. And so there's a lot of weirdness this story. And the only, like I said, the reason why we wanted to do this episode was because I'm starting to see a lot of talk about this Noah's Ark being potentially found in Turkey on the top of Mount Errat, even though we don't have Z.

zero evidence of that right now. But like I said, there's a lot of videos, a lot of influencers going out there trying to say that this is Noah's Ark, even without a single piece of evidence. But what I do want you guys to do is, like I said, I want you to let us know what you believe. Do you believe that, like, what do you think about the prior older stories, thousands of years prior? What do you think about the similarities?

Or are you more on the Wesley Huff side to where the differences are what makes the difference, not the similarities. We want you guys to let us know. Please go follow us on X, Facebook, Instagram, wherever you do your social media. Send us a message. We will definitely respond to you. And maybe on a future episode,

we'll give some of your answers of what you think about this story. And by the way, go look up this place in Mount Ararat and go check out what they're actually saying is potentially the landing site of Noah's Ark. And maybe do some research on some of the prior older stories because they are actually extensive stories, even though like Wesley Huff said they are portions of stories,

but there are a lot of these portions are heavy with the flood story. So I do think that's very interesting. But Shari, I think that's it. I think that's all we have for this episode. We will be back very, very soon with, I mean, there's so much more to talk about for sure. And Sherry, you're doing your podcast tomorrow. Like I said, you can go find Sherry's podcast,

Trouble and Truths podcast over on Spotify, wherever you listen. They mostly do all true crime stuff. So if you're a true crime person, go follow up. sure he's basically doing every like doing the production side of it and editing and all that she's leading the podcast so I think she's doing a good job so far though thank you and tomorrow we'll be covering Micah Miller so yeah if you've heard anything about that or watch the Netflix documentary you'll want to listen to that podcast absolutely well guys until next time we love you peace out peace out Really. Because all I got is conversations with strangers pumped up and ready to go on and off with somebody back in the backseat. I think I said something funny, but I forgot what it was. Getting through that.

Knockout till we can sleep into baby. And I bed, yeah. Want to close my eyes. Pick up in a beach. I was no doubt that's sunset. Want to be someone that I can be. Want to jump up one space to the front seat. Want to be that clean guy in a taxi.

But if you got money and you. your bucket maybe because all I got