LPRC - CrimeScience – The Weekly Review – Episode 59 with Dr. Read Hayes, Tom Meehan & Tony D’Onofrio

Episode Date: May 27, 2021

What does Gen Z want from a Physical Store? What USA Generation holds the most Economic Power? In this week’s episode, our co-hosts discuss these topics and more, including the Sequencing of Coronavirus Genome Continues, Ransomware and Media Relation Dynamics, and FusionNet is still an Active Tool. Listen in to stay updated on hot topics in the industry and more! The post CrimeScience – The Weekly Review – Episode 59 with Dr. Read Hayes, Tom Meehan & Tony D’Onofrio appeared first on Loss Prevention Research Council.

Hi everyone, welcome to Crime Science. In this podcast, we aim to explore the science of crime and the practical application of the science for loss prevention and asset protection practitioners, as well as other professionals. We would like to thank Bosch for making this episode possible. Take advantage of the advanced video capabilities offered by Bosch to help reduce your shrink risk. Integrate video recordings with point-of-sale data for visual verification of transactions and exception reporting. Use video analytics for immediate notification of important AP-related events and leverage analytics metadata for fast forensic searches for evidence and to improve merchandising and operations. Learn more about extending your video system beyond simple surveillance in zones one through four of LPRC's zones of influence by visiting Bosch online at boschsecurity.com. Welcome everybody to another episode of Crime Science

the podcast from LPRC. This is the latest in our weekly update series and joined by my colleagues Tony D'Onofrio and Tom Meehan as well as our producer Diego Rodriguez. Start off with a little bit about you know trying to look back to look forward and everything in the case of this pandemic. I was reading a little about the 1918 influenza, what some call the Spanish flu epidemic and became a pandemic. And the idea is that while it's kind of interesting and heartening to see almost real-time sequencing of coronavirus, you know, whatever, C19 virus sequencing, genomic sequencing going on, and that really at this, I understand it's over 1.5 million different coronavirus genomes have been sequenced, as you know, looking for any kind of variation, any kind of evolutionary transitions. And as we talked about before, the beauty of several of these vaccines that are out and coming our way as well, aim at multiple points on the spike protein. as well, aim at multiple points on the spike protein.

You know, it's called a multifocal aiming mechanisms there so that even if one or two of those focal points evolve in some way, that there are others that are still naive and hopefully the vaccine is able to affect them. And so far it seems to in a huge percentage of the populations that are vaccinated. So, but in the 1918 Spanish flu pandemic, they don't have many samples that they're able to sequence for obvious reasons. We're talking about over a hundred years ago, but they have found some. And so they, but even within those, they can see some of that adaptation the virus was making on its own. And I understand influenza viruses can change more rapidly than coronaviruses like our current SARS-CoV-2 viruses. So we'll take a look at that and keep an eye on that but the idea that we know these things uh do change but in that case we're talking

about millions millions that were killed by that by that pandemic and during that pandemic um but it came back and it came back stronger than ever in the second wave and that seemed to be due to the limited evidence that they do have to that kind of adaptation that the virus may. And that's where the big concerns here are with breakouts that any and every person that becomes infected and is not vaccinated, fully vaccinated, may, or at least their bodies have the potential again to provide a reservoir and a way for these viruses to replicate. in a way for these viruses to replicate. So that's kind of the concern and why people are reaching for full community or herd immunity.

So Malta is a country that has achieved that herd level immunity. They believe due to natural infection, but overwhelmingly due to the vaccination program. So a lot of study going on there and observation, surveillance of how things evolve there in that country. In the United States, it looks like the U.S. adult population is about 40% fully vaxxed now. Over 135 million Americans have been vaccinated to protect others and themselves with over, gosh, almost 300, 400 million vaccines delivered so far in arms, but fully vaxxed is around 135 plus million. Worldwide, only 5.1% or so seem to be fully vaxxed 400 million so with 400 million humans

fully vaccinated again very very very few any kind of side effects at all other than immune response kick in the the sore arm because the intrusion and then some of the other mild that go away 24 48 hours so encouraging news on the u.S. front, not so much on the world yet. Everybody racing. And we see that in India, who is by and large exporting, it appears their vaccines, they're the, I think about the number one vaccine producer in the world now is not sending those out. They're not exporting because their population is being devastated by the COVID-19 disease. It's just it's absolute tragedy. I know the U.S. and dozens of other countries have raced vaccine to them and continue to do so,

as well as other medical therapies like oxygen tanks and generators and oxygen generators and different types of therapies and so forth. So stay tuned on that, but it's just a lesson. And if we don't get vaccinated, if we don't take it seriously, there's just more than enough people that can get very serious disease from this virus. It's just staggering too at who can. I've learned over the months, as many of you have, people that really appear to be very healthy and vital who end up going into the hospital or even worse. It's just amazing.

So L.A. study is interesting, though, when we talk about breakouts. The Department of Defense has reported over 1,600 military personnel that have been vaccinated but did test positive for COVID-19. And so in this case, it was either probably non, it looks like, not serious, either asymptomatic or non-symptomatic, or very mildly symptomatic because of the normally young and healthy nature of the group. talking about millions, you know, million or so, 2 million, but also the idea that it can break out, that the virus can avoid or overcome or adapt to a vaccine. And we know that's going to happen in a percentage of cases. Another reason, again, to try and get as many Americans and our global neighbors vaccinated as possible and as quickly as possible. That does, according to all the science, reduce that breakthrough threat. But an LA study just came out. It's a pretty exhaustive study. It appears those that were fully vaccinated only 0.03 percent tested positive for coronavirus. three percent tested positive for coronavirus. So it does appear pretty effective.

We're just seeing some breakthrough a little bit. We didn't want to see those breakouts, but we've got them. Going over to the LPRC, just a couple of quick things in the Safer Places Lab, we've now deployed three live-view surveillance trailers in the Southwest parking lot there at the hub that we're using for R&D, as well as some other traffic devices, cones and ways to channelize traffic to block areas. And we're going to be establishing some pretty neat research protocols in that southwest parking lot where we look at the overall parking lot that has some vegetation of different types we're looking at density height uh because we're trying to pay attention um to the military

concepts in this way just to describe positive space negative space and dead space and how that's perceived by the green the legitimate illicit place user as well as the red guy the illicit place user, as well as the red guy, the illicit place user, and their perspectives and how we might use, again, these technologies and others to reduce dead space or threat areas for the green and those that are hiding spots for the red. But stay tuned, you'll see an array of technologies out there, but we'll be able to do total parking lot. And then we have sort of four sub components of that parking lot that we'll be able to use to do some comparison and contrasting research where we can run red and green test participants through. reality, we're going to be recreating this area, specific area as well, so that we can extend what we're learning online in a much larger audience, participant, subject level, and then create that learning loop between VR online and the actual space and testing there, and then going to actual parking lots of different types, different store types, different lighting levels

and things like that. So very excited about the zone four or parking area R&D that's started taking place, but we'll be really ramping up over the next couple of weeks. So that's an exciting part. Some events coming out again. We just had the cluster call that Diego set up. We had, I think, 21 or more on, in this case, brainstorming what's going on. And still here we are in the pandemic, hopefully the tail end, but the nonstop adjustments by the municipal, county, state, federal, and corporate level advisories that come out or directives or statutes and ordinances and so on. But what does all that mean to reduce the spread of the virus, viral transmission? If we do or don't know somebody's viremic and we really normally don't,

how do we continue to slow the spread because there are still virulence people out there and still those that are vulnerable, known and unknown to them? So what do we do in light of all the guidance and the science that's there with masking and distancing, how we array things? interesting from call centers, distribution or fulfillment centers, of course, to parking areas for where transactions are taking place, of course, and then inside the store in different areas. So in different size stores, so that there's, you know, kind of a variation there that we all know about. And then including now also the corporate or regional office environment. So that we had the retailers going around the circle, if you will, talking about what guidance that they're referring to and what their perceptions of it are as a company, the leadership there, and then how they're activating.

And it seemed to range from just education to education with general nudges to education with firmer nudging to education with sort of edicts, particularly in some of these more condensed like call centers, areas where you've got a lot of people concentrated in a small area and everybody's talking and emitting, potentially emitting viral particles en masse and of different types, right? So there was really a lot of interesting talk, discussion, and those that were talking about what's going on now, how they're adjusting going forward. So stay tuned, but it's just another example of an LPRC cluster call as we pull people together. A reminder that the FusionNet calls continue every Wednesday evening at 5 p.m. Eastern. If you're an LPRC member, then these cluster calls and FusionNet calls are part of the membership community, and we'd encourage you to get involved. If you're a member or a non-member, sign up, send a message to operations at lpresearch.org to get on the Connect e-newsletter.

It's a really neat, really well done newsletter. Diego heads that up as well. And it gives us, it gives you, all of us, a lot of critical information in a short format. It's very visual, but it gives you an idea of what cluster calls, working group calls, LPRC events are coming up. Speaking of which, we all know the LPRC Impact 2021 version looks to be fully physical as well as having an online component to it, a virtual component in Gainesville, on campus. And so if you're interested in going, again, lpresearch.org is where you want to go and sign up. If you're a solution partner and you want to be a sponsor, it's a great way to get in front of hundreds of, and online even more than that, of the most senior people, the decision makers, the deciders, the influencers, those that are barriers and so on. LPRC is a great way to do it, impact sponsorship.

barriers, and so on. LPRC is a great way to do it. Impact sponsorship. The first week in October, Kenna Carlson and the rest of the research team have already spec'd out, lined out all the research, all the different learning lab breakouts and main stage content. We're preparing how we're going to do the five now LPRC labs tours. We've got two super cool, uh, social events, uh, as well as actually a third, uh, the golf event, the annual, uh, LPRC golf outing is, is on, um, in heavy planning now. So for that Monday morning, um, of that first week in October. So stay tuned for all that pretty exciting stuff. Um, the violent Crime Working Group has their own summit. That looks like it's to be June 1st, coming up pretty quickly at 10 a.m. Eastern. The Violent Crime Working Group Summit, June 1st at 10 a.m.

The Product Protection Summit looks like it's going to be on July the 16th. the 16th, excuse me, July 16th. And then it's the Supply Chain Protection Working Group Summit is looking like it's going to be August 11th. But again, look at the Connect, look on the LPRC website at lpresearch.org. That's all I've got for right now. Other than the LPRC Europe planning continues, we're excited about that as well. So everybody, I'm going to turn it over now to Tom Mann. Tom, if you can take it away. Yeah, thank you, Reid. So I just wanted to kind of start off by recapping something we talked about last week, which was actually two weeks in a row, the Colonial Pipeline ransomware attack. And it's been just a couple of minutes on, took about five days for the ransomware attack to be solved. And

the CEO, and this is a publicly held company, or it's not really, it's owned by several companies, KKR, Shell, a bunch of other companies. They made the decision to pay the ransomware, which is $4.4 million in Bitcoin. And there was a lot of chatter. And actually it was part of a small working group about it. And, you know, there's this challenge that the FBI makes recommendations not to pay, because that influences ransomware attacks that continue to happen. It's kind of like we don't negotiate with terrorists, the same kind of approach of, you know, the military doesn't pay ransom, because it creates kind of this avenue for people to continue, but it is a business decision. And I was on this call and the reality is you shut

down a pipeline that supplies, you know, fuel to 45 to 50% of the East coast. And we can spend 25 or $30 million and three weeks to set it up or 4.4 to, to get it working very quickly. And there's actually negotiators that specialize in ransomware negotiation now, and there's insurance and it is a business. And so there was also a lot of media around how hackers or, you know, nefarious actors are now commercializing this aspect. Ransomware isn't new. This has been around for years. I think it's new that the media has taken the approach to look at this.

There's two major business drivers, and this is in the several billion dollars. One is business compromise email, where there's a targeted phishing attempt that goes into trying to get credentials in a business environment and either steal wire transfer or influence a financial decision. And the other is ransomware. So the reason I'm talking about it here is it is something to really think about in your businesses, because even if you don't work in a department that has oversight of a cybersecurity incident, it will affect everybody. And this is one of those things that unfortunately, long-term, you may see C-suite folks stepping down. You may see people in all of the security spaces being affected because of what occurs.

Most major retailers do tabletop exercises pretty regularly and do include asset protection. But if you're not included, I'd raise your hand and try to be included just to learn what's occurring. I don't believe it's a new phenomenon. I do believe that this targeted, very professional attack, being paid $4.4 million. Certainly people will emulate it and try to copy it. But there's a couple important notes here that an attack like this also has a huge amount of government oversight. And the White House has officially said that they, although this is a Russian group, they do not believe it's a state sponsored attack. And this is one of those quasi challenges where the Russian government may not want to be

involved in it. They may actually help, you know, to capture these folks. These folks that are in Russia literally could never leave the country to go to an extradition country because the federal government is watching them. And this is what ends up happening if someone goes on vacation somewhere in Eastern Europe where it's a treaty country and they're picked up. This is a common theme with this type of attack. So my thought here is in the next couple months, you'll probably hear about an arrest made. And this is really the US government working with other governments to influence it. It is, although not a government owned pipeline, it is a utility attack.

So there'll be a lot more news coming around that. So I think it's important. And then just kind of highlighting a couple. This is an interesting week in the breach world. So there is a lot of talk about tightening the restrictions on what is considered a breach. The SolarWinds attack, which was one we talked about before, really drove, because that was much more government-based, really drove the lobbyists and the folks in the Hill

to say there needs to be a better mandatory breach notification bill and a better information-sharing bill. So very similar to what we hear about organized retail crime is, you know, starting to information sharing is the key here, networking is the key, but you're going to see in the next 12 months or so, some heavy, heavy push to legislate the need to disclose. Disclosure laws now have a lot of ambiguous language and allow people to kind of wait to a certain point. So you'll see that in other breach news. Air India had a breach. They they just recently, I think about a day ago, updated it, said it affected four point five million passengers.

There was, you know, another another breach from Bose, the speaker manufacturer. So there's a couple couple breaches in the last couple of weeks in addition to. And just like you were, folks have COVID fatigue and mass fatigue, breach fatigue exists where people really don't take the thought to say, wow, if I ever flew Air India, there's a high likelihood that all of my data is available. India, there's a high likelihood that all of my data is available. If I bought a Bose speaker online, there's a high likelihood that my name, address, phone number, and potentially payment information is available. So you want to really, really think when you think about breach fatigue, the one thing, and it's as simple as when you follow these kind of breaches to just simply, if you have an account with Bose, go in, change your password, look at it and understand what is at risk. I think, you know, while I'm not here to give personal advice, I would say if you're not using some sort of monitoring program, all of the major

credit monitoring programs offer breach, you know, kind of protection. So a lot of times these are accounts that were used many, many years ago. So payment information isn't as big as a risk, it's just personal information. So I think that that's kind of the two takeaways that I would give there. And then switching gears a little bit to which we also talk about regularly, the FusionNet, which is the Washington Research Council's kind of open network to talk about active intelligence. And really, it's not just about civil unrest. Unfortunately, in the last few weeks, it feels that way. It's about any major event that is occurring within the world,

specifically in the United States, that could affect someone. So weather, civil disturbance, a major, major impact type know, something impact type thing. And just wanted to talk about, there's quite a bit of chatter that's occurring right now around, you know, some of the other, other event, unfortunate events that happened in the past. And then a lot of small, what I would say a hundred people or less protests popping up around the death of Ronald Green. And that's a Louisiana event. And there's just a whole bunch of videos that are now surfacing. So, well, again, I think all of us are kind of at the point where we at least I am not another protest, not another event. But I think it sheds light, it's important to continue to

watch that activity because these little events turn into big events. There were several large, relatively uneventful protests around Palestine and Israel in the major metropolitan cities, where they were certainly disruptive. They were relatively peaceful and calm. I know there was a fairly large one in New York City where there was a lot of video. And if you watch the video, it really looked like it was out of control. But really what it was, was it was a group of people that were rowdy is what I would say. They weren't trying to be destructive. They were really just trying to garner attention for their cause. But when you get a thousand people together, it doesn't take much for it to transition. So it's always really important to stay attached to the FusionNet and just continue to share information. And what I would say is,

if you have an event in a retail establishment and you're listening and you're a part of the FusionNet and it's small, take the time to just push it out so that people can understand because um this particular rally in new york city if you watch the media or you watch some of the videos um the what was portrayed in the video is very different than what was occurring on the grounds in one video there was a car driving around a fairly but looked to be a fairly large fire but what it was was it was a car driving around a fairly, it looked to be a fairly large fire, but what it was, was it was a controlled fire. There was actually a permit. And when you watch the video, it was, wow, this is, this looks crazy.

And then when you went back, New York City issued a permit. There were people there. I think they made two arrests and they were unrelated. So information sharing is the key to validate. Is there actually a risk or at least validate there's an indicator of risk. We, you know, I think when you say validate it, it sometimes sends the wrong message. So lots and lots of breach stuff, lots and lots of risk stuff going on. Reed, thank you so much for covering the COVID stuff. I, I've read a ton about the flu and I think it was the second wave was

what always scares me because the younger people had a stronger immune response and it killed a lot of people because of that. So that's always what I think about when I think of, you know, what's going on in COVID. Thankfully, we're much further ahead in science and information sharing today. So I think we're in a better place than then. And without further ado, I'm going to turn it over to Tony. Thank you very much, Tom. And again, very insightful information from both you and Reid on what's happening in the world and all the key risks and also the opportunities going forward with LPRC. Let me start this week's update in terms of what's going on with retail around the world by focusing on Gen Z. week's update in terms of what's going on with retail around the world by focusing on Gen Z.

And this is really from Vogue Business and talks about the post-pandemic playbook, what Gen Z's won from physical retail. So first of all, who is Gen Z? Gen Z were individuals that were born between 1997 and 2012. There are 67 million of these folks in the United States. It's the third largest generation. Millennials is now number one. They passed Baby Boomers in 2019, and Baby Boomers is number two, and Gen Z is number three. Despite being the most digitally savvy generations, what's interesting about Gen Z and why it's important, they very much like to shop inside physical stores. But their motives are different than older consumers, which means retail stores need to change their response. 67% of Gen Z individuals shop in stores most of the time. Only 22% use a browser to shop online most of the time,

and only 13% use an app to shop most of the time. Why do they like stores? Well, they consider retail as therapy. Gen Z, what was interesting to me, is one of the loneliest and most isolated of all generations. According to a 2019 study that was sponsored by Cigna, 79% of Gen Z described themselves as lonely compared to 71% of millennials and 50% of baby boomers.

The top three reasons for choosing a store to shop by Gen Zs are, and this is really what retailers need to pay attention to, 68% want a wide variety of products, 67% shop because it's proximity or close, the store location, and 67%, it's all about product availability, so having the right product that they're looking for. Now, if that's about Gen Z, how strong are they in terms of as an economic power in the US, in terms of how much economic power do they actually yield? And concurrently, there was an infographic published in Visual Capitalist, and it turns out Gen Z is actually currently last in terms of economic power. The most economic power right now in the

United States is actually being yielded by baby boomers at 43 percent. Actually, when it comes to money and economic power, the research that was published, baby boomers between the ages of 57 to 75 had more influence than millennials, Gen X and Gen Z combined. When boomers entered the workforce in the prosperous World War II, millennials had either started their careers or had gone through the Gen Zs, had gone through the 2008 financial crisis, which is really still scarring them. So to put it in perspective, when baby boomers were as old as today's millennials in 2009, they had 21.3% of U.S. wealth. That's more than four times higher than what millennials hold now.

more than four times higher than what millennials hold now. So even though the baby boomers and boomers are number two, they still are the main driver of economic power, and they'll be there for a while. And millennials and Gen Zs have some work to do to catch up. Let me switch topic to also a topic that's been in the news a lot, and that's what's happening to cryptocurrencies. And this was sparked by what Elon Musk did in terms of telling the world that he no longer wanted to accept Bitcoin for you to buy your next Tesla. And the reason was the power consumption that is required to actually run Bitcoin, to actually create a Bitcoin.

So this is actually, again, from Visual Capitalist. And they actually really did an infographic summarizing how much power does it take to create a Bitcoin. So what does that really mean? Well, when you compare it to the following stats, so for example, all of the world's data center, that's every single data center that's around the world collecting all the data uses 205 terawatts. Again, compare it. The city of New York uses 161 terawatts. If Bitcoin were a country,

it would rank 29th in the world in terms of power consumption out of our theoretical 196 countries, narrowly exceeding Norway's consumption of 124 terabytes. So, bitcoins do indeed use a lot of power. So, I'll be interested to see how all the green initiatives, how they get positioned and they've been going up and down in terms of what's happening to the market. Let me close with the top five physical security trends in retail to watch in 2021 and beyond. This is actually from a new blog or a new article I just published. And in there, I opened that article by talking about really what happened to COVID.

So when we got into COVID, we all got assigned either an essential or non-essential retail status. And as I said in the blog, $285 billion was transferred from non-essential retailers to essential retailers, and $250 billion was transferred from smaller companies to larger companies. And this created a massive shock to the worldwide economy, with GDP levels initially dropping 30% or more. Concurrently, the store closures did not lead to less crime in stores. In fact, if you look at one statistic that was published in D&D Daily in terms of retail fatalities, it actually went up. In 2020, there were 485 violent incidents in the United States, in the United States, up 14% from the previous year. That led to 523 fatalities, up 5% from 2019. What's disturbing is that customers, store associates, and security personnel

made up 76% of the victims, with the remaining 24% being suspects. remaining 24% being suspects. So with that as background, here are my five top security, physical security trends. Number one, innovative uses of existing technology. What you saw during COVID is the camera got reinvented to do a lot more. So you saw it to look at mass compliance, checking accuracy, remotely monitoring body temperatures. So a lot more was being done with physical security solutions. And in fact, in the blog, I actually will show a video where in China, they were actually using a police helmet that had integrated fever detection technology. The number two trend is actually what Tom just talked about,

The number two trend is actually what Tom just talked about, which is increased cybersecurity risk and the rise of ransomware. In Q3 of 2020, there were alone 4 million email threats and over 1 million hits on malicious URLs related to COVID-19. Studies have estimated that the cost of ransomware attacks will reach $20 billion in 2021, and the downtime caused by ransomware increased 200% in 2019. So cybersecurity investments are going to continue to increase. In fact, they will caigar or have a combined annual growth rate of 10.4% over the next four years. The third trend that I see is greater focus on privacy protection. In a McKinsey study published recently, retail ranked fifth as the most trusted industry in protecting data and privacy. trusted industry in protecting data and privacy. The most trusted sectors, number one and number two, were healthcare and financial services. And what was interesting to me is retail is less than half of the trust factor of those other sectors. So I expect a lot more focus on privacy and what

to do with privacy in retail coming up. Number four trend that I see is more investment in emerging technologies. You're going to hear a lot more about artificial intelligence and machine learning. And they are here, actually, in a lot of different places. The artificial intelligence just in the security market will reach over $14 billion by 2026. And you're going to see a lot more proactive technology being applied to physical security, including getting to a point where we can actually really predict what's going to happen next. And as part of that, I go to my fifth trend, which is, again, something that LPSC is exploring very heavily, which is a further transition to centralized intelligence security operation centers. Security operation centers are becoming a critical component of the mix going forward.

They're going to lead to faster decision-making capabilities, improved operations, and to me, more highly secure physical stores. I think they're going to merge the physical periods that you can see again in the blog. The market size for SOX will grow 11.9 percent. So it's even higher than what I talked about earlier in some of the other industries. So just to summarize what I said in those five trends, it's clear that technology will play a bigger role in physical security and other industries, but unlike previous years in history where technology has replaced human workers, these technologies will empower security professionals to better understand their security landscape, make better data-driven decisions, and respond to threats before they happen. So I see a bright future in terms of where security goes next. And again, a lot of it is through the activities that you should be following and participating here at the LPRC, because science-based research is how we're going to get there to actually

make these trends valuable for retailers. And with that, let me turn it over to Reed. Oh, wow. Thank you both, Tony and Tom. A ton of great information. Much appreciated. Also on this Tuesday as we talk, this is roughly, I believe, the one-year anniversary of the one-year anniversary of the death of George Floyd in Minneapolis, Minnesota. And so it looks like there's been a huge wave of change across the United States.

We continue to wish everybody the best, but also conduct research and, of course, a lot of problem-solving sharing with each and every one of you all. And you heard Tom mention again and myself, FusionNet and those calls. We're going to continue cluster calls, of course, with the Violent Crime Working Group. But we've got to safeguard people that are in these shops, in the stores, that are driving supplies to and from those locations, the distribution fulfillment centers, and so on. And of course, even the office

buildings. And so we want to support everybody in the best way that we can, including though safety and free commerce as well. So we'll continue to work on that and keep you all informed. But so far, so good in that. And a lot of valuable lessons learned, hopefully by policing, hopefully by leaders, hopefully by everybody out there about better ways to engage and handle situations. And then in this case, working with 60 plus major retail chains and their executives, working on ways to better safeguard people in places from the results of whatever type of events happen out there. So I want to wish everybody stay safe, stay in contact.

Please, we welcome you to get on board LPRC. Join as a member. Engage across the 86 engagement points that we've got. But let's keep working together and stay safe. Talk to you later. presented by the Loss Prevention Research Council and sponsored by Bosch Security. If you enjoyed today's episode, you can find more crime science episodes and valuable information at lpresearch.org. The content provided in the Crime Science Podcast is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for legal, financial, or other advice.

Views expressed by guests of the Crime Science Podcast are those of the authors and do not reflect the opinions or positions of the Loss Prevention Research Council.