Motley Fool Money - We Like Big Moats And We Cannot Lie

Episode Date: April 28, 2022

It's one of the best advantages a business can have: a moat to keep competitors at bay. (0:21) Asit Sharma discusses: - Meta Platforms bouncing back from its recent lows - PayPal's strong 1st-quarter revenue and lowered guidance for the full fiscal year - The growing strength of ServiceNow's cloud business (14:22) Jason Moser and Matt Frankel discuss some ways to identify businesses with moats, and share some stocks that know how to protect themselves. Stocks discussed: FB, PYPL, NOW, BRK.A, BRK.B, AAPL, KO, BB, DIS, GOOG, GOOGL, INTC, AMZN, PGR Some of the stocks mentioned today are featured in our free Investing Starter Kit. Get your copy here - http://fool.com/starterkit Host: Chris Hill Guests: Asit Sharma, Jason Moser, Matt Frankel Producer: Ricky Mulvey Engineers: Dan Boyd, Rick Engdahl Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

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We like big moats and we cannot lie. Investors can't deny. All right, I'm not singing the rest of this. We got too much to get to on this episode. Motley Fool money starts now. I'm Chris Hill. Joining me is Motley Fool Senior Atlas Asa Charmer. Thanks for being here. Chris, thank you for having me. Jason, Moser, and Matt Frankel are going to be here later in the show to talk about moats, also known as one of the biggest advantages a business can have. But we're going to check in on the latest from PayPal and service now. Let's just be here. Let's start with meta platforms. Shares hit a 52-week low on Wednesday. Today, shares are up more than 10% off of that low because of a first quarter report that wasn't perfect, but it definitely

had bright spots. Meta-platforms seeing a rise in both active daily users and revenue per user. What stood out to you? Chris, for me, I think what stood out was the Made for TV, Disney movie element in this earnings report. And by that, I mean, in some Disney movies of old, you had the crazy tinkerer genius father who would spend part of the family's budget on stuff for his creations. And then at some point, the mom would step in and say, hey, we've got to send the kids to camp this summer. You can't keep pouring money into this. We've got to make it through the month. And I think I think this was Facebook realizing, or meta platforms, realizing that as much as they want to invest

in the Metaverse, they can't go all in. So they've dialed back their projected expense for this year. And this gives shareholders some confidence that the company will drop a little bit more money to the bottom line. I will just point out, in this quarter, Meta had $28 billion in total revenue. Now, out of that, reality labs, which is right now the expression, of the Metaverse where all the big money is being poured into. That had around 700 million in revenue. It had $3 billion odd in expenses. So I don't want to call this a money pit. It's an investment. The payoff is uncertain. It's indefinite in the future. So having Facebook pullback, having met a pullback, the spend for this year gives investors a little

bit of confidence that this is still an organization that's being run with the intent to provide them some returns. And it's a stark contrast to what we saw three months ago when the stock fell 26% in a single day off of their previous earnings report. And you referred to something that I think is important for any business, for shareholders of any company, which is not that we necessarily. want to see management teams just kowtowing to whatever Wall Street wants. But there is a certain level of transparency that it behooves companies to share.

The more companies can communicate, this is where we're going. The more likely investors are going to get on board for that trip. And I think, as you indicated, Mark Zuckerberg and his team sort of indicating, like, all right, We're dialing this back a little bit. We are still headed to the Metaverse. We are still going in that direction, but we're going to pull back the spin just a little bit. I agree, Chris. At the end of the day, investors want to understand the game plan.

In many cases, we as investors will punish a company less if we're not thrilled with a game plan, but at least we know what it is, versus having that black box and just seeing the results come out quarter after quarter. And then having to extrapolate, you don't want to do the hard work. You want management to tell you exactly what the plan is. In this case, I think it's good. Going back to your first point, just having the average daily users pop back up a little bit was comforting because you never know in this very competitive space, a crack in user

growth could be a temporary thing, but it could signal something deeper and more permanent. And here we see with Facebook, an increase of 6% year-over-year in their family daily active people, sort of similar increase in family monthly active people. That gave shareholders a bit more comfort that, okay, we can go on with business as usual. This is still a growth story. Last thing, and then we can move on. It's always worth remembering, this is an advertising business. whatever anyone's perception of Facebook, Instagram, you know, the value proposition, privacy,

all of those things, remember that at the end of the day, this is a business that makes its money off of advertising, and they do a really, really good job of serving their customers. If this company solely focused on advertising, it would have this unimpeded path to growth still for several years out in the future. That's how strong this business is. So it's good for them to signal that we are taking care of that core business. Because that is where the margin comes from. It's where the profits come from to invest in the Metaverse and these forward-looking projects. PayPal's first quarter revenue was higher than Wall Street was expecting, but they cut guidance for the full fiscal year. PayPal's guidance for Q2 was pretty weak.

I am surprised, therefore, that shares of PayPal are up three, four percent this morning. I get that the stock has been cut in half since the beginning of the year. So it's off of a lower point than it was. And I almost hate to ask this question, but I'm going to ask it anyway, because it sort of speaks to a way of looking at investing that I don't invest this way. I know you don't invest this way, but when you look at the stock moving up off of this quarter and this guidance, is it, I'm left wondering, is this an indication that shares of PayPal have hit the bottom? Like, I'm not trying to time the bottom. I don't believe in that sort of thing.

But I don't know. These were not amazing results, and this was certainly not great guidance. It's a legitimate question to ask, Chris. I don't want to time PayPal either. I'm a shareholder. But I'm interested in knowing if the investment community has said enough. And the stock was down, what, 55% before this report year to date? And it's not a great report. I mean, I can't figure it out either. It looks to me like there's some bargain hunting going on. So potentially investors are looking at rejiggering the growth stories, realistic expectations going forward,

and thinking to themselves, hey, they could accelerate in a few quarters. So this might not be a bad place to add some shares. Those who have been on the sidelines maybe see this as a little bit of settling. But I got to point out here, something funny happened on the way to world domination. PayPal of this quarter is not the PayPal of four quarters ago. And I think this has something to do with the fact that there are many more specialist businesses that are attacking PayPal from various sides. They also announced they're going to be shutting their office.

in San Francisco. Again, this is, I think for all of the challenges this business has encountered, some of which are self-inflicted, I think it continues to be one of the most interesting businesses to watch for the rest of this year, both in terms of their ability to bounce back, but also just sort of decisions like that. And, you know, obviously part and parcel of a decision like that is, hey, we think this can save us money, because I don't know if you've been to San Francisco, but the real estate ain't cheap. Yeah, this is funny, Chris, because it's sort of undergirds the point I was just making while also pointing out something good about management as you're illuminating here.

So they happen to have closed the office that, or are their closing office that ran Zoom with an X? This is a money transfer business, money remittance business that competes with a lot of different players. One of those is a company called Wise, which is now public as of a year or two ago. You can buy it at trades in London. Wise just attacks this one thing that PayPal is very good at, which is sending money abroad and working with multiple currencies, but they're a lot cheaper. They don't have to compete with PayPal over that whole platform. So PayPal is looking to do a few things here.

I totally agree with you. They're trying to get out of a high-rent district. trying to give employees a little bit more flexibility, and they're looking at the cost structure in this one part of the payment space they play in and saying, hey, we need to be more competitive with this company, because investors can choose just to buy WISE, which is a more specialized company. So on a lot of fronts, it's an interesting decision. It simultaneously speaks to the difficulties they're having in the marketplace, but to management's

agility and Chris' decision-making that we've seen out of Dan Shulman for a number of years now. Service Now might be the most under the radar, $100 billion company in America. Service Now's first quarter results were great. You tell me, because on the service, it looks like this was their best quarter for growth in a couple of years. Yeah, I love your description. Under the radar, most investors, I think, have a passing familiarity with Service Now. It's not a name that comes to mind when you, you know, you ask the average retail investor to name their top five softwares of service stocks. But they're a juggernaut.

They help big enterprises get more efficient with business process automation, with workflow improvement. And I think that, for me, ServiceNow, because they're so under the radar and underrated, they remind me of a certain type of tennis player. So I grew up in this small rural town, Chris, and there was like, there were three courts we could use, spread across the town. One of them stood in the shadow of these tall pine trees. There was a time capsule nearby that someone had put in the early 20th century. And as kids, we literally had to play in the fall on top of pine leaves. We would skate around. And I learned many life

lessons there. One of the biggest being, beware the two-handed backhand specialist. So if you've ever played tennis, you've met this player, right? It's the backhand player who can hit the ball from anywhere on the court if it comes to their backhand, it's two-handed. So it's powerful, it's precise. And because they always want you to hit to their backhand, they have a pretty good forehand too, which redirects you to getting back to that ball. And they never seem to lose. They're never going to floor you with their virtuosity, but they're going to return every ball. And Service Now has a direct sales force team that is extremely focused. They're extremely aggressive in getting enterprise business, long-term contracts at that. If you look at the metrics

they reported today, so sales were great. They rose, I think, 26% year-over-year. But the rate at which they added contracts over $1 million, that grew at a rate of 41% year-over-year. They added 52 contracts in excess of a million bucks. So, yeah, not a glamorous company, but very dogged in the right space. And I think this is yet another testament to their ability to execute. I never thought I was going to get a tennis analogy from anyone other than Bill Barker. So thank you for that. Let's wrap up on this.

ServiceNow, PayPal, meta platforms of these three companies, which are obviously doing very different things. Which one do you think has the biggest moat? Well, I'll go with service now, not because of recancy, because the one we just talked about. But if we looked really briefly at Facebook, as you mentioned, they've got such a great advertising business, but they understand that that also is only as good as the reach of their platforms, which are prone any day to a new TikTok emerging.

So they're trying to disrupt their own business, building out their place in the Metaverse for that reason. They understand that mode is not as wise. It used to be. PayPal, as we've mentioned, they focus on both the merchant side and the customer's side. They're really broad. They've got to compete against Square. Wise, which I mentioned, just a plethora of different payment specialists. So, TherMote is eroding over time. Venmo is maturing. You look at service now. Theirs is real simple. We're going to be the best at sitting across the table from the customers we do business with and convincing them to buy

our product for another three to five years. And we're going to hit the biggest companies in the world. It's not an unassailable moat. Motes are never meant to be unassailable. Therefore, the aggressor to try to figure out how to cross. But of the three companies, I think theirs is the clearest one to see on the ground today. That could change in a few quarters, but I'll give the prize to service now. Awesome, Charmer. Great talking to you. Thanks for being here. So much fun. Thanks, Chris. How do you know if a business has truly established a moat around it? To discuss that and share some stocks that know how to protect themselves. Here's Matt Frankel and Jason Moser.

Hey, Matt, it's great to catch up again. Everything going well for you and the family down there in South Carolina. It is, but I am excited to get out of town this weekend to go to Omaha. I heard you were making a little trip, and it feels that our topic today is quite appropriate, given that you're making the pilgrimage to Omaha this weekend for the Berkshire Hathaway annual meeting. It's a really cool experience. I had the opportunity to go one year. I know you'll enjoy it. With that in mind, we're talking about moats today and how they pertain to investing. So with that in mind, let's just start with the most basic question. What do we mean when we say moat?

So for individual stock investors, a moat is more important than looking at industry, growth, market size, things like that. Because if you're focusing on an individual company, you need to find a company that has competitive advantages that are enough to keep its market share growing to keep its profitability high, no matter what the economy does or anything like that, which is especially important in inflation and in rising rates and things like that. So, a moat is any company that has a durable competitive advantage that should protect its profitability and market share for the foreseeable future. Yeah.

And it feels like for all of the great qualities that a moat can offer for investors, you know, it's a word we hear a lot, right? You hear the criticism, well, the company doesn't have any moat. And, well, I mean, I think the point I've always kind of tried to make is, finding a moat is something very special. It's not something that is just, you know, you don't see companies with just moats all around. So when you find one, it really is an attention-getter, right? And I think one of my favorite quotes really kind of, paints a good picture. There's Warren Buffett when he said, I quote, A good business is like a strong castle with a deep moat around it.

I want sharks in the moat. I want it untouchable. And I think that really conveys exactly what you were saying there. It's a durable competitive advantage that really it's just very difficult to disrupt. But with that said, it's not something that every business possesses, really only very few truly do. and over time, they can become a saleable. I think that technology has really changed the game in a lot of ways for some businesses. But let's talk about businesses with MOT, some of the companies you feel like possess modes today that investors should be keeping their eyes on.

Yeah, so a Moe can take a bunch of different forms, just to kind of run down a few before I launch into a few companies, you know, a powerful brand name. Think of a company that's synonymous with its industry. For example, you don't say, I am going to search for something on the internet. You say, I'm going to Google it. So Google would be a company with a brand-based moat, I would say. Charlie Munger loves that, right? I think he always said that he doesn't, I don't think I've seen a business with a wider mode or something like that.

Right. I mean, Amazon, to name a Buffett stock, dominant scale, its name is synonymous with e-commerce for the part. And not only that, it has cost advantages, which is another form a moat can take, because it has a massive distribution and shipping network that literally no other company can match. Yeah. Yeah. There are other forms of moats. There's a cash moat. This is kind of what Buffett aims

to achieve. This is why Berkshire has, I think, what, $140 billion of cash on its balance sheet? Because no matter what happens in the economy, that cash not only will help Berkshire from going out of business, but gives them the flexibility to scoop up weaker competitors and gain market share. So that's another form of a moat. There's superior products. Look at the iPhone. The iPhone is such a superior product that Apple can charge pretty much whatever it wants for it, which allows higher margins, it keeps loyal customers, it sucks people into their ecosystem. It's just a great all-around product. The biggest Buffet stock there is is Apple. for that reason, because it's a very high moat business.

Well, and I think intellectual property, too, is another one that we often talk about IP, and that ranges from businesses in entertainment to technology to manufacturing. But, I mean, intellectual property can be extremely valuable. Because it is unique, it's typically protected. I mean, that is, and it's often very difficult to replicate. It feels like, and I don't know if you feel its way, but I do agree with you. I think that a brand name can be a moat. It feels like it is a moat that is potentially more assailable than others just because

there is, there's the opportunity for leadership to kind of bungle things, right? They can mess things up and they can kind of tarnish the brand, so to speak. And sometimes you can recover from that. Other other times, maybe it's not quite so easy. Yeah, and I love the intellectual property point. And it's not just tech companies that applies to. Think of one of Buffett's oldest stocks, Coca-Cola. You know, it has some of the other things I mentioned.

The name is synonymous with the industry. No one pulls up to a drive-thru and orders of Pepsi. Everyone says, can I have a large Coke? It's got that massive distribution network and pricing power. But how valuable do you think Coca-Cola's recipe is? I imagine that's a piece of intellectual property that, is a big moat to that business, because it's not just that they have that brand name, it's that their product tastes better. Ask Buffet. He'll tell you the same thing. Intellectual

property is the only reason the Blackberry Corporation didn't go bankrupt because of the iPhone's dominance. It's because they have so many patents in their portfolio and own so much of their intellectual property that they were able to stay alive, even though their market share went away. Intel is another great example of a company with a ton of intellectual property that gives a big moat. They're the most commonly used processor by computer makers, and they own the patents to so much of their technology that it prevents more than one or two other competitors from even competing for their market share. You could also look at businesses and sort of think, well, they have more than one

mode, too. I mean, in some ways, I mean, if we look at Disney as an example here, I mean, Disney obviously has a tremendous advantage in that. intellectual property, but that intellectual property serves many different purposes, right? And the theme park side of that business is obviously a crucial part of it. And just the physical nature of that theme park side of the business. I mean, that's a very, very difficult thing to replicate. And so, like, all of the news that's going on right now with Florida and the governor there, and they need the back and forth, and people are saying, well, Disney should just pick up and leave

Florida. You know what? I mean, they've spent decades building out this massive presence there. I mean, that physical infrastructure, that physical presence is very, very difficult to disrupt. So you can find companies actually that have multiple modes, I'd say. Yeah, like Disney World is like the size of Rhode Island. Like, you can't just pick it up and move it. No.

You're right. There are companies with multiple modes. I mean, just look at like some of the ones I mentioned, Coca-Cola, distribution network is superior that gives it cost advantages. It's got pricing power because of that brand name. It's got intellectual property because of its recipes. The name is synonymous with its industry. Apple has several different competitive modes. Berkshire itself has several different competitive modes.

They sell a product that people need and have brand recognition, GEICO. Can you name me a company more recognizable in the auto industry space than GEICO? No, that's up here. Progressive might be a distant second. I mean, even within the business, there's a lot of different competitive moats. Yeah. So, utilities. Utilities have a near monopoly in the areas they operate.

A ton of competitive moats in the utility business. Yeah, so just a ton of different competitive modes. And it's that you're right. Companies are not limited to just one. What are some of the things, just for investors, they're looking to identify modes? I mean, I feel like we've kind of hit on this. But is there something in particular, a part of your process, something that you use as a

starting point in order to try to find a business that has a mode, like identifying that mode, are there metrics, are there things that you look for in order to be able to really ascertain, yeah, this business has a mode or no, it doesn't? Yeah, I can name two screening factors that will help you narrow down to like, you know, 5% of the companies in the market. One, how do the earnings hold up during tough times? If earnings continue to grow during, say, the financial crisis or during any kind of recession, that's number one.

And number two, companies that have a decade-plus history of growing their market share every year, if a company can continuously grow its market share, especially in a competitive industry like technology or consumer products or things like that, if a company can continuously grow its market share like Amazon continues to do, that's a great way to narrow. narrowed down companies with wide moats. Well, I like it. It makes a lot of sense to me. Matt, and it's always great catching up with you.

Safe travels this weekend. Are you going to be providing any real-time coverage while you're there? I mean, how can we follow the Matt Frankl, Berkshire experience? I will be on the morning show for two hours the following Monday to kind of do a recap, and I will be live tweeting at the event while questions are going on. That's pretty much the best way to follow me at TMF Math Guy. At TMF Math Guy, all right? Follow him. Keep up to speed with what's going on in Omaha this weekend for the Berkshire Hathaway Annual Meeting. Matt, enjoy it. I'm sure you'll have a blast.

Thanks, Jason. Always good to be here. As always, people on the program may have interest in the stocks they talk about, and the Motley Fool may have formal recommendations for or against. So don't buy yourself stocks based solely on what you hear. I'm Chris Hill. Thanks for listening. We'll see you tomorrow.