My Favorite Murder with Karen Kilgariff and Georgia Hardstark - 437 - Man On Man Energy

Episode Date: July 18, 2024

On today’s episode, Karen tells the story of Gold Rush era tycoons Belle and Charles Cora and Georgia covers the Bradford Sweets Poisoning.  For our sources and show notes, visit www.myfavoritemurd...er.com/episodes. Support this podcast by shopping our latest sponsor deals and promotions at this link: https://bit.ly/3UFCn1g   Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Transcript
Discussion (0)
Starting point is 00:00:00 This is exactly right. your shopping list in the app and it'll show you similar items at a lower cost. Add coffee to your list then swap it for one that's cheaper. Craving chips? The app will suggest some on sale. To get started just open the app. It's as easy as that. See the PC Optimum app for details. Summer is like a cocktail. It has to be mixed just right. Start with a handful of great friends. Now add your favorite music. And then finally, add Bacardi Rum. And there you have it, the perfect summer mix. Bacardi, do what moves you. Live passionately, drink responsibly.
Starting point is 00:00:56 Copyright 2024. Bacardi, it's trade dress and the bat divisor. Trademarks of Bacardi and Company Limited. Rum 40% alcohol by volume. of Bacardi and Company Limited. Rum 40% alcohol by volume. ["My Favorite Murder"] Hello. Hello.
Starting point is 00:01:23 And welcome. To my favorite murder. That is Georgia Heartstar. And that's Karen Kilgarafe. Now you know our voices. And our names, apparently. You didn't know that either. Well, yeah, the names were the first thing we said, but the voices said the names.
Starting point is 00:01:36 Yeah. And it's so confusing. I've been sent clips to, like, approve things, and I don't know who's talking. There's no way. It's disturbing. I was like, who's who? I don't know who's talking. There's no way. It's disturbing. I was like, who's who? I don't know what's going on. That makes me feel good.
Starting point is 00:01:47 Cause as someone who hates their voice completely and is you with like a butter voice, you know, like everyone loves your voice sounds like butter. Like. Where are you getting that? And why are you so mad when you're saying it? Those are my two questions for you. No, you just have a good announcer voice.
Starting point is 00:02:04 So the fact that you- So do you. Well, now I have a good announcer voice. So the fact that you think... So do you. Well, now I know. I'm so flattered. Here's the proof. No one ever knows who's talking. And it happened to me. Yes. Yes. It's crazy. I was just like, well, that's funny.
Starting point is 00:02:18 Who said that? I can tell. I can completely tell. Maybe it's just that I'm so fucking self-aware that I just know who's saying what. Well, because you do have to review it in your head several times throughout the rest of your life. Constantly. It came out and it's public. Real quick, this is a public podcast.
Starting point is 00:02:35 Excuse me, wait. Yeah, no, there's so many. What? Even to this day, there's so many people listening. What is happening? It's a little wild. It is wild. Hey, guys. Don't make me aware's a little wild. It is wild. Hey, guys.
Starting point is 00:02:45 Don't make me aware of it, please. Hi. Hi. What if I do this voice, Elizabeth Holmes? I'm Georgia. This is me. I'm Georgia. I'm Elizabeth Holmes.
Starting point is 00:02:55 And that's Elizabeth Holmes. And we're just hanging out talking about the things that interest us. What's going on? For me, what's going on is the reality that the world and media is presenting to me is simultaneously frightening and a joke. So it's hard to figure out the level of fright that I need to be feeling because I'm like, what, what are you talking about? It seems very like something's glitching at the top of the fucking level.
Starting point is 00:03:28 Something's glitching. I will say this. I really wish, I don't think I knew the person or followed them because every once in a while I sneak back onto Twitter just to see what the people are saying and what's going on. And somebody said the funniest thing of all right now would be if the Democrats tried to pass the Donald Trump Memorial Gun Safety Act and the Republicans voted against it. I can't do that. I get it. That's funny.
Starting point is 00:03:55 Just let's start making some real moves here that say, do we want a democracy and law and order? Is that what we would like to continue here? Because I think we take it for granted. Yeah. And like not even continue it well. We're acknowledging that, that everything is fucked. It's bad.
Starting point is 00:04:11 It's always bad. Politicians suck 100 fucking percent. But it's about something more like it's deeper right now. It's deeper on the level of gay furries hacking the Heritage Foundation and exposing that they are actually funded by China. That's not, I didn't make it up, that's literally what they found in the hack. So that kind of thing where we're going, oh my god it's the Handmaid's Tale, these people are, and then you're just like, oh this isn't some sort of let's reform America for America
Starting point is 00:04:45 by America. Yeah. That's not what's happening. No, it's frightening. Hey, speaking of 2016. Speaking of 2016, did you guys know that we're now posting our original like beginning of my favorite murder episodes with commentary from today? That's right, it's called Rewind with Karen and Georgia.
Starting point is 00:05:06 And we just go over the first, we're just basically starting again and going over how this thing started and how we've gotten to the point we're at now. And what we've learned along the way and case updates. So the second episode of that came out yesterday. So you can listen to the first and second episode of Rewind. It's going to be in your MFM feed, so please make sure you subscribe.
Starting point is 00:05:29 And we're going to just put those out once a week as a bonus episode, you know? To give back and also say, hey, look at 2016 was a pretty landmark year in a lot of different ways. Yeah. And here we are eight years later. What have we learned? What have we learned? And where are we going? And where are we going?
Starting point is 00:05:45 And what are we going to do about it? Yeah. Jesus Christ. $10,000 donation to the ACLU. Great. OK. But here's how I'm going to turn it around for you right now. Last week, I did the Halifax explosion story.
Starting point is 00:06:00 And what I love when this happens, people have written in with their own information about it. So this is from Instagram, someone named Jackie McDew, M-A-C-D-O-U. Just listening to the Halifax Explosion episode, my husband's grandfather was in medical school, you know, I'm going to mispronounce whatever this is, at Dalhousie University, or Dalhousie. When it happened, he was fairly near the end of med school and his class was told, okay, you're all now doctors and graduated. Everyone tend
Starting point is 00:06:34 to all of the injured. So he went on to become a surgeon, practiced for many years here in Cape Breton. His name is Dr. Raymond Ross. So his end to med school was basically explosion. Congratulations, you're now a doctor. They're basically like the day is cut short. Go help these people. Go be a doctor. You're a doctor now. Holy shit. Which is incredible. Thank you, Jackie McDew for sending that in. And there's one other
Starting point is 00:07:01 one. It just says, this is an MFM email. The subject line is, Halifax explosions extras from a Haligonian, or a Haligonian, not sure. And then in parentheses it says, important, a must read, and nice, I promise. That is hilarious. It says, hi, I love you, we love you. The Halifax explosion is a very important story to us. So you'll probably get a few emails about this, but I promise this is the best and nicest
Starting point is 00:07:30 one. Here's the thing, sometimes when you build up a beginning where you're like promising so much to be nice, it scares me more than if someone just came in and said, you got that wrong. Because now this seems like something terrible happened. Okay. Oh, and this person says, hi, I was one of the many people who wrote suggesting this story to you. Just a few extra pieces of info, not corrections, but additions. I know you
Starting point is 00:07:53 will appreciate it. Yeah, great. Okay, well, what is that big fucking beginning for? One, hero Vince Coleman. Vince Coleman is the train dispatcher who stayed behind to make sure his warning got through to stop a train coming into the city with 300 people aboard. That's right. There's a heritage moment dedicated to him, and in parentheses it says, an extremely Canadian piece of media that you can find on YouTube. And it says his last message was, quote, hold up the train, ammunition ship a fire in harbor,
Starting point is 00:08:26 quote, hold up the train, ammunition ship a fire in harbor, making for Pier 6 and will explode. Guess this will be my last message. Goodbye boys." Wow. End quote. I'm absolutely going to watch that heritage moment. Okay and then it says, the Mi'kmaq village of Turtle Grove was completely obliterated and never rebuilt. Kathy Martin of Millbrook First Nation returns to the shores of Turtle Grove every December 6th to call out the names of her ancestors. Their spirits are here. The more we say their names, the better they can rest and know that we haven't forgotten them.
Starting point is 00:09:01 So just an entire village of First Nation people were obliterated all at once. Then three, Trinidad-born Dr. Clement Legore, Nova Scotia's first black doctor, was denied privileges in the city's medical facilities because of his race. So he opened a private hospital. After the explosion, he worked day and night to treat the wounded. His private hospital became a dressing station for people who were refused from overcrowded hospitals and didn't have life-threatening injuries. Wow. Amazing. That makes me think of the Nick. Yeah.
Starting point is 00:09:37 Which is, I mean, I wonder if that character was slightly based on Dr. Clement Liguore. Okay. And then last one is USA Connection. Help arrived from all over, including Boston. Every year, Nova Scotia sends a Christmas tree to Boston in thanks. It's a high honor to have a tree on your property selected. There's a big ceremony before it's loaded onto a truck and driven to Boston. There's a committee who selects potential trees and monitors their growth over the years. Love to you all. No name.
Starting point is 00:10:13 No name? No name for that whole thing. Oh my god, you deserve a name for that email. I mean, wow. What great, like... Info, yeah. Great color. So good. Thank you so much.
Starting point is 00:10:24 Thank you, no name. Thank you. No name. All right. Should we get into our network highlights? Let's do it. We have a podcast network. It's called Exactly Right Media. Here are some highlights. So the first and foremost highlight, which we already talked about, is that Rewind with Karen and Georgia Episode 2 came out yesterday. In it, we are facing our ultimate fears and revisiting the second episode from January 22nd, 2016. Obviously, we had commentary. There are great case updates. There's a lot to talk about in all those old episodes. So go and listen and rate and review and subscribe, please.
Starting point is 00:10:58 And we're going to put those up every Wednesday as a bonus episode. And it's becoming fun. I think we were both terrified at the beginning of it, but it's now become like fun to reminisce. So that's great. Yeah, I love the case updates. I do too. Also, this is so exciting.
Starting point is 00:11:14 I love her so much, comedian Rachel Dratch. You know her from SNL, lots of other things. She is on, I Said No Gifts this week, talking to Bridger. That's so fucking exciting. Such a good booking. And then Karen mentioned the book Raw Dog, The Naked Truth About Hot Dogs on last week's episode. And this week, the book's author, Jamie Loftus, what do you know? Hey, she joins Tess Babbs and Brandi on Lady to Lady.
Starting point is 00:11:38 That is as if we planned it. Obviously we didn't though. No one in our audience would ever think we planned it. A week ahead, no. We need months of planning, please. Obviously, we didn't though. No one in our audience would ever think we'd been in that. No, we didn't. A week ahead, no. We need months of planning, please. Yeah. And if you need a respite from the real news of the world, Tess Barker, who is from Lady
Starting point is 00:11:51 to Lady, is on Bananas This Week with Kurt and Scotty. And you guys, please stay hydrated. It's so important. If you go to the MFM store, you can grab a murderino or SSDGM water bottle and carry it with you, you know, and keep yourself hydrated. It's very important. It's so hot in Burbank that when I went out to my car, because indoors I need a sweater because there's a lot of air conditioning.
Starting point is 00:12:15 This is the way in LA. I walked out to my car and got my sweater on my car and then the walk back was so slow because I was like, oh, and I just looked like a turtle coming back across that parking lot. Burbank is a special hell during summer. Like it is specifically asphalty, like brand new, new, laid asphalt for some reason. So it's always kind of squishy and it always smells. You're always inhaling those fumes of like melting asphalt. Well, and we got the airport.
Starting point is 00:12:44 So we got those fumes too like melting asphalt. Well and we got the airport so we got those fumes too but it's great. I know it feels like maybe it's because it's like over the hill so maybe we're in, well it is, it's the valley. It's a valley. It is literally. Some call it a basin, I call it the valley. Oh the valley. It's summertime and for cat people, that means one thing, cats. Honestly, no matter the time of year, cat people are just thinking about cats. With Pretty Litter, you can spend your time thinking about your sweet baby angel and zero time thinking about their litter box.
Starting point is 00:13:17 Pretty Litter is amazing at instantly trapping odors and its ultra absorbent, lightweight, low dust and one six pound bag lasts up to a month. Pretty litter can also give you peace of mind. Their crystals will change colors to indicate early signs of illness in your cat, such as urinary tract infection and kidney issues. And the best part, pretty litter ships free right to your door, so you'll never run out. So right before we left for vacation, I changed out the cat boxes completely.
Starting point is 00:13:42 Brand new, pretty litter. By the time we got back, it was still fresh and it's still going strong. And I love that. Because of Pretty Litter? Because of Pretty Litter. Because of Pretty Litter. So try Pretty Litter today. Go to prettylitter.com slash MFM and use code MFM to save 20% on your first order and get
Starting point is 00:13:59 a free cat toy. Hey, that's prettylitter.com slash MFM and use code MFM to save 20% and get a free cat toy. Prettylitter.com slash MFM code MFM. Terms and conditions apply, see site for details. Goodbye. All right, well you're first I guess. I'm first this week? I think so. All right. Then let me tell you a story. And it's a story that takes place in California in the middle of the 19th century, just before California became a state. Do you know what year California became a state?
Starting point is 00:14:32 I'm going to say, that's going to be embarrassing. We might have to edit it out if I'm really, really wrong. Can I go 1824? You're not really, really wrong. We became a state a year after the Gold Rush. So Gold Rush was 1849 essentially and we became a state in 1850. Okay I should absolutely know that and I don't care that I don't and I'm close enough that I almost high school dropout. I'm proud of that. Yeah you didn't. You did just fine. I'm fine. Well, also, if anybody had ever contextualized it for me, that it was like, this happened this and the next year this happened. Totally. Which you know are connected.
Starting point is 00:15:11 Right. They don't teach like that, though. Whatever. I hate school. Let's talk about the school system and how much we hate it and how much it didn't work for brains like ours. We are literally the living proof of how public and private school isn't ideal. We'll handle all that later when democracy is restored.
Starting point is 00:15:33 Let's get this worry out of the way first, and then Karen and I will address the public school system. And until we do, I'm going to tell you a story about the gold rush. Oh, really? Okay. It's about the gold rush. Oh, really? Okay. It's about the gold rush, which I love. Okay, I know you do. So, 1848, a carpenter named James W. Marshall is building a sawmill up in Sutter's Mill,
Starting point is 00:15:56 kind of up above Sacramento, and he strikes gold and he changes California forever. So when word gets out that there's gold in the Marr Hills, gold fever ensues, a mass migration of hopeful prospectors who eventually start getting called the 49ers because of the year. So James Marshall discovers it in 1848, the next year is when everyone starts coming. So the 49ers start heading west. As they pour into California, once tiny rugged towns explode in population basically overnight. Yeah. So for example, and I had no idea about this, and I was born in San Francisco, but in 1848, San Francisco's population was around a thousand people. Oh my God. By the end of 1849, a year later, it had jumped to 25,000 people. That's a big jump. And continued rising exponentially after that, obviously.
Starting point is 00:16:52 Sure. Countless pioneers from across the country brave the extremely dangerous journey to California, dreaming of striking it rich, only to of course come up empty-handed like some of them do. If you haven't seen Deadwood, it's not take it doesn't take place, it's not set in California, but I'm positive some of those kind of like there's a whole gold mining story. I need to get like a heavy, like a medium heavy cold soon so I can really get into Deadwood because I've never gotten past like the first two episodes. Yes.
Starting point is 00:17:24 But I need to be like stuck on a couch. Yes, because you have to, your ear has to adjust to the talking. Right. And at the beginning. Oh, right. They're like, it's very. Lingo. Yeah.
Starting point is 00:17:36 And it kind of is like, it's almost like being at a play. Okay. So if you give it the grace period, it pays off so beautifully. And I kind of like love that it's like Boardwalk Empire. I wish I could start that from the beginning and never have seen it again. So I'm kind of saving this dead wood as that. So you can clear the whole TV room and like... Break an ankle?
Starting point is 00:18:00 I mean, I don't want to. I'm not dying to, but like, you know. Yeah, that'll do it. Because there's so many stories about like, you could be the smartest prospector, you could be the strongest prospector, whatever, but you just don't know. It's just a bunch of randos all at the same river
Starting point is 00:18:16 trying to get rich. You just explained podcasting in 2016. You literally just explained how we got where we are. Yeah. Bitch. There's the fucking gold in them speakers or whatever. Microphones. That's right. Okay. So obviously, and this is also in Deadwood, but none of that takes place in California,
Starting point is 00:18:40 but there are the people who watch the gold rush and then they go, oh, there's a fortune to be made catering to these people who are out sitting at the river all day. See, that's the smart move, I think. I don't want to fucking look for gold. I want to make fucking corndogs for the people of New York. You want to take the gold nuggets out of their hands and give them corndogs, which they value more than gold. At the end of those days
Starting point is 00:19:05 because they're out in the middle of the hills of Sacramento and they can't get their hands on anything. So obviously a whole cohort of people come in and they set up in all of these tiny mining camps in the middle of nowhere, they all immediately have a saloon, a general store, and a boarding house. So they're providing the 49ers with everything they need from shovels to shelter to food and entertainment. So this story is about two people who did that and they did it so well that they struck their own sort of mother lode, amassing a ton of
Starting point is 00:19:39 wealth, rising to the status of legendary San Franciscans, like many of the Kilgariffs. They were originally known for their rags to the status of legendary San Franciscans, like many of the Kilgariffs. They were originally known for their rags to riches story of lawlessness, luxury, and love. They will become infamous for the murder that tears them apart. Bay Area journalist Gary Kamiya writes that their story is a quote, tragic only in San Francisco love story, one involving a beautiful young sex worker, her rakish gambler consort, and the largest vigilante movement in US history. Today I'm going to tell you the story of the notorious Bell Cora and her high roller husband
Starting point is 00:20:19 Charles. Bell Cora. Yeah. Yeah. So the main sources that Marin used in the research today were the book, They Saw the Elephant, Women in the California Gold Rush by Joanne Levy. Hell yeah. Which I absolutely want to read. A History.com write-up on the California Gold Rush and
Starting point is 00:20:40 several articles by journalist Gary Kamiya. He is a well-known journalist from San Francisco. He writes a ton about historical San Francisco, but he also has a substack. So if historical San Francisco or really anything like that interests you, go to garykamiya.substack.com and you can read all his writing. And the rest of our sources are in the show notes.
Starting point is 00:21:03 So I'll tell you about Bellcora's early life first. She's born Bel Ryan sometime in the 1820s in Baltimore, Maryland. We don't know much about her childhood except that she is said to have been raised in a stable and loving Irish Catholic home. Hey, like you. Seems unlikely. I'm just saying. Do those things go together?
Starting point is 00:21:24 1820s, stable, loving Irish Catholic calm. They beat the odds, and congratulations. They beat their children. They beat the shit out of everyone that came through the front door, and then they went to church together. And then they said the rosary for seven hours. That's stability in 1920s Irish Catholicism.
Starting point is 00:21:41 I guess that's true, because there would definitely be a lot of carbs on the table at the end of the day. Sure. And everything in the front room would look really nice. Okay. So I guess that's stability. To the untrained eye.
Starting point is 00:21:55 You got to keep your eye peeled for the fakery. Okay, so there's two versions of how Belle spent her teenage years. The most popular one is that in the late 1840s, when she's around 17, she falls for an older man and she gets pregnant out of wedlock. And when she tells the old guy that she's going to have a baby, he dumps her. Of course, we don't know his name. So she doesn't know what to do. She runs away to New Orleans to raise the child alone because the sin of being unmarried and pregnant would bring shame to her and her family. So the embarrassment is the priority there in that loving stable home.
Starting point is 00:22:35 Anyway, she runs away to New Orleans and then tragically when she has the baby, the baby dies shortly after childbirth. So now she's alone, grieving, short on cash, and trying to stay above water in a brand new city. So to make ends meet, she starts doing sex work. That's the first version. There's a much simpler second version of the story. Belle, who is usually described as a beautiful brunette with hazel eyes and a voluptuous figure, quote voluptuous figure, there was no romance with an older man. She never had a baby that passed away. Instead, she gets into sex work because
Starting point is 00:23:12 it sounds more exciting and lucrative than anything else available to women at the time. But I mean, can't they both be true? Yeah. Either way, we know that Belle becomes a very popular sex worker in New Orleans. And then around the time she's 22 years old, she meets and falls in love with a 33-year-old man named Charles Cora. They don't get married, but she does take his last name and starts going by Belle Cora. So here's what we know about Charles Cora. He's an immigrant from Genoa, Italy, who makes his fortune playing a card game called Pharaoh at all the gambling halls along the Mississippi River.
Starting point is 00:23:53 I am picturing. Who you got? Well, it's like Oscar Isaac type. Wow, yes. Wow. Okay. Wow. So like that guy in a light pink three piece suit.
Starting point is 00:24:04 Come on. And a pocket watch.. Oh like a bowler hat? Yeah. A professional card player. The chain wallet. On the Mississippi. Oh not a chain wallet. That's Orange County in the 90s. I'm talking about a chain watch. That's Skaw. You're talking about a pocket watch. Not Skaw from back then. I'm talking about he doesn't have like spiky, you know, bleached hair. No, I think she landed a Hawkeye. Sure. That's what it sounds like to me. And he basically he makes a living as a Pharaoh card player. So real quick, I'm just gonna explain the most simplified version of Pharaoh. It doesn't really matter, but it was as popular at the time as poker.
Starting point is 00:24:44 So in Pharaoh, the dealer is called the banker. The players are called punters. It doesn't really matter, but it was as popular at the time as poker. So in Pharaoh, the dealer is called the banker, the players are called punters, the punters place bets on certain cards, and then they hope that the banker's winning card matches their bets. So it's simple, basically it's probably a different version of 21, who knows. It's called Pharaoh because there's a picture of an Egyptian pharaoh printed on some of the earliest decks. It started in France, in 18th century France, but it's spelled F-A-R-O. In the 1800s, it comes across the Atlantic, becomes extremely popular in New Orleans, and for very good
Starting point is 00:25:20 reason because even though it is a game of chance, the odds of winning at Farrow are 50-50. Which are better than most casino games. And that's probably why Farrow has been almost completely erased from modern day casinos and gameplay. Right. They don't like them odds. They're like, 50-50, that's fair. Gambling is Charles Cora's full-time profession. He's very good at it.
Starting point is 00:25:47 He makes a collective $85,000 playing this game in one six-month period alone. Which in today's... Okay, I knew this was coming. Yeah. $85,000 in six months in 1840-ish. 40-ish. Is $315,000. 3.5 million. Holy shit.
Starting point is 00:26:11 He is rich. Real good at it. He's doing good. Damn. Yes. After that winning streak, the Mississippi River Casinos banned Charles Cora. Sure they did.
Starting point is 00:26:24 And really any place that hosts Pharaoh. So in the late 1840s, Bell and Charles moved to the Wild West. Writer Joanne Levy notes, quote, for men like Charles and women like Bell, news of California's gold discovery conjured a feverish vision of raw wealth waiting to be spent on pleasure and amusement. Flocks of gamblers and courtesans abandoned New Orleans on the first ships pointed toward the isthmus." Do it. Right?
Starting point is 00:26:53 And it's just so funny to me, we all know how I feel about Sacramento, the good and the bad, but that's where everyone's going. It's just like, they're at the How About Arden Shopping Center? That's where they're going? But they have that Sbarro that everyone needs? Do you think they had that yet? Did they go to my TGI Fridays, I wonder? So at first, the Corps settled in Sacramento,
Starting point is 00:27:16 and from there they moved to the smaller mining towns. Gambling is arguably the top form of entertainment for miners. So in almost every town, no matter how small, they all have gambling saloons, even if that quote unquote saloon is just a plank and a table. Yeah. Which I kind of love. They're like, we work hard all day. We're at a party all night and get up and do the same thing. Sure. And there's some movie. Do you remember this movie?
Starting point is 00:27:41 Three Amigos. Where? It's about the gold miners though, where there was some saloon owner that was smart enough to put, I think this is an old, I think it's like Cat Ballou or like an old 60s movie, but the planks on the floor of the saloon are just pieces of wood, right? So they're not sealed or anything. And so this saloon owner goes under the floor, like in the crawlspace every night, and collects up all the gold dust and nuggets that the drunk gold miners, it's just falling out of their pockets.
Starting point is 00:28:15 Yeah. Love that. Okay. I don't know if that's real. I just wanted to talk about a scene from a movie. Okay. So while Bell continues making money as a sex worker, Charles finds new opportunities to play cards. A 49er, like he was himself a 49er named Edward McElheny, writes quote, I remember seeing a bet of $10,000 made at poker by Charles Cora. He won his bet. His wife or mistress, I do not know which, was a pretty woman and seemed very much devoted to him, as I have seen her with him in the city." Ten thousand dollars, that ten thousand dollars he won. Okay, I'm going to do it right this time.
Starting point is 00:28:55 Okay. So what was it? It's going to be seven hundred thousand. Four hundred thousand. Damn it. It seems lower. Yeah. When I was doing that same guess, even the guessing game, even though I'm looking straight at the number.
Starting point is 00:29:09 So in one of these little mining towns that they go to, it's actually Marysville, Charles and Bell opened their own gambling parlor slash brothel. It's called New World. This is an illegal operation through and through under both Mexican law, which was the rule we were all under at the time, because this was Mexico, and then also when California officially becomes a state in 1850. But many of these communities have no justice system set up, specifically towns where police force or a court system do exist. they don't really have a lot of sway. See the film Tombstone, we know.
Starting point is 00:29:50 Vigilante groups are the ones who take up the slack and actually make sure that the people that they believe should be prosecuted or should be ultimately hung or hanged. That's what that is all about. So despite the laws on the books, sex work and gambling specifically are openly tolerated, if not completely celebrated in these mining communities. So the Quora's business model is appreciated as the one-stop entertainment shop that it becomes for all the miners. New World has a bartender, slinging drinks, a full range of games, including Faro, poker, dice, and roulette, all at separate tables, not just one little plank.
Starting point is 00:30:30 And Charles often serves as the dealer, although Bell will step in for him when necessary. But Bell's main responsibility is enticing passersby into the New World with her charm and her beauty. Journalist Chris Enns paints a picture of the saloon's interior. He says, quote, the New World was an ornate saloon. An elaborate bar lined an entire wall and brass mountings accentuated the gleaming countertops. Imposing mirrors clung to all sides of the enormous entryway. And paintings of nude women relaxed in beauty prostrate
Starting point is 00:31:04 loomed over the patrons from the walls above. Men scrambled for a place at the tables, their gold dust and gold nuggets had been exchanged for the chips they tossed onto the green felt, bets for the lucky cards in their hands." So the New World was extremely lucrative for the chorus, especially for Belle, who is now a madam running her own brothel. Yeah. So in 1851, a man named Edward Eli crosses paths with the Quoras and writes, quote,
Starting point is 00:31:33 There's a house here owned by a young woman from New Orleans who has succeeded in bringing this to this retired spot about a dozen girls. And although she has not yet been in the place one year, she must be worth $100,000. And, you know, we don't know if that's just an estimation that that one guy said, but do you want to know how much $100,000 would be? Yeah. $4 million. Damn, girl.
Starting point is 00:31:58 So they've done it. They've cracked the code. Despite their success, the Cores are always looking for new ways to expand their fortune. So in the early 1850s, they leave New World behind and move down to San Francisco, where gambling culture has hit a fever pitch. Again, this is journalist Gary Kamiya. He writes, quote, Once the gold rush began, trying to stop gambling would have been like trying to damn Niagara Falls. It wasn't surprising that the 49ers gambled like crazy. After all, the entire gold rush was one big dice toss. After making the long and arduous journey to California, on which there was no guarantee of survival, wagering one's entire stake on a Faro game must have seemed tame.
Starting point is 00:32:42 Yeah, I've played Oregon Trail. You know. That's no fucking joke. You've been through this. Yeah, I've played Oregon Trail. You know. That's no fucking joke. You've been through this. I've died of dysentery. You know how hard it can be. So by 1850, the San Francisco Chronicle
Starting point is 00:32:53 reports that there are, quote, 1,000 gambling establishments like in San Francisco. That's one for every 12 people. Whoa. So the Gold Coast in San Francisco, that was the neighborhood where a bunch of those were. And apparently it was mayhem. It was constant mayhem and chaos and lawless. And maybe because at the time, San Francisco's almost completely men.
Starting point is 00:33:21 In 1849, the ratio is somewhere around 10 men for every one woman. Which in today's... Four million, isn't that weird? It feels like four million men. The mixture of gold rush-related dreams and the crushing of those dreams, along with constant gambling, drinking, and man-on-man energy make for an incredibly chaotic city. So, one 49er named Vincent Perez Rosales writes in a memoir, quote, every night someone was wounded, clubbed, or beaten up. And from each gambling hall, the losers would sally forth
Starting point is 00:33:56 and try to recoup their losses by robbery and assault. Oh, shit. End quote. So you have all the, like, drunken mayhem going on inside and then it all rolls out in the street. So against this high risk backdrop, Bell opens yet another brothel on what was then known as Pike Street. It's now Waverly Street in Chinatown. Hers is an extremely high class brothel in both decor and clientele. Describing a party Bell hosted, a local newspaper, The Alta, reported, quote,
Starting point is 00:34:28 The lady of the establishment has sent the most polite invitations on the finest and most beautifully embossed note paper to all the principal gentlemen of the city, including collector of the port, mayor, aldermen, judges of the county, and members of the legislature.
Starting point is 00:34:44 A splendid band of music is in attendance. Away over the turkey or Brussels carpet whirls the politicians with some sparkling beauty, and the judge joins in and enjoys the dance in company with the beautiful but lost beings whom tomorrow he may send to the House of Correction." Whoa. Yeah. So it's all the big boys went there. Meanwhile, Charles Cora continues playing poker and pharaoh in San Francisco and anywhere else the gambling circuit takes him.
Starting point is 00:35:15 So almost immediately the Coras are a part of the city's upper crust and it's mostly because of Bell. According to writer John Besinecker, Bell's brothel becomes, quote, the most successful of the more than 100 brothels in town. Wow. Though plain on the outside, its interior was replete with fancy furnishings and even fancier courtesans, end quote. But San Francisco is actually changing, and the lawlessness that's part and parcel in the day to day of the Wild West is starting to
Starting point is 00:35:46 Transform into something more formalized So as the mania of the gold rush comes to an end the attitude around all the illegal business It brings in is beginning to shift and by 1854 There's new laws on the books that aim to outlaw sex work and gambling It doesn't put an end to these activities overnight, but it's clear that openness or like willingness to turn a blind eye is waning. So all that considered, Bell and Charles' biggest troubles
Starting point is 00:36:14 begin sometime around the fall of 1855. One evening, the couple decides to throw a big party to pull in more clientele, but it just so happens to be on the same night of a party being hosted by U.S. Marshal William Richardson and his wife. And his wife is always identified as Mrs. Richardson everywhere. So here's an account written in 1855. It says, quote, Mrs. Richardson and her husband were unhappy with the lack of male attendance at their event. When they learned that their invited guests chose to go to Bell's place,
Starting point is 00:36:47 the marshal and his wife were furious. Then on the night of November 15th, 1855, Bell and Charles decide they're going to go to the theater. After sitting down in their premium seats, they start getting recognized by the other audience members, and the audience members start heckling the chorus. Specifically, Belle is the target of their jeers, of course. No surprise there. And worse, the Richardsons are seated directly in front of them. Oh dear.
Starting point is 00:37:18 So at first, Mrs. Richardson thinks that everybody in the audience is laughing and yelling at her. Oh God. She tells William to make them stop, but then they realize that they're sitting in front of the sex worker gambler duo who ruin their party. So in addition to having an axe to grind, the Richardsons are disgusted by Belle and Charles' lifestyles, and they don't want anything to do with them. This absolutely should be the next, like the Gilded Age. Yeah. I can picture the characters.
Starting point is 00:37:48 Because this, like they all did have to go along and get along and then that turn is so good where it's like, oh, you don't not like me because you think I'm a bad person. You don't like me because your husband comes to my establishment and does all kinds of crazy shit. Right. Mrs. Richardson. Yeah. If that's your real name. What if she was born and her parents named her Mrs.?
Starting point is 00:38:09 Yeah. Just be like, eyes on the prize, baby. So William Richardson asks them to leave the theater. And the chorus say, you can go fuck yourself. Go fuck yourself. US Marshal. The Richardsons call over a manager and they say to the man, they pull a full Karen. Come on. Say, kick these guys out of the theater. Managers like, no, they're paying customers and I'm also going over there later.
Starting point is 00:38:36 So then the Richardsons are furious and they storm out. Sure. Over the next couple of days, a hot-headed William Richardson, who also simultaneously has a reputation of being a violent drunk, decides he's going to track down Charles Cora himself. So, he goes, just spends a day looking in saloon after saloon around San Francisco. Dude. I've done that too.
Starting point is 00:38:59 Stop in, have a couple cocktails. He finally bumps into Charles Cora just randomly on the street. But then when the two men talk and this pulls in my Oscar Isaac theory, they talk and patch things up. So Charles Cora, this is based on nothing but me interpreting context clues, is slick as shit. Yeah. Your wants and needs as well. Yep.
Starting point is 00:39:27 He knows how to tell you what you want to hear. And they're like besties. So they even go grab a drink together. Great. Keep the party going. Love it. That afternoon will end on the corner of Clay and Leidestorf streets with Charles Cora shooting William Richardson dead. Charles is the shooter.
Starting point is 00:39:50 Charles is the shooter. That's not what I expected. He actually claims self-defense. Basically it was like he was going to shoot me, I had to shoot him. No one knows what's true. We don't know what's true. But William Richardson's gun is found cocked and loaded. Okay.
Starting point is 00:40:07 Next to his body. And he's known as a mean drunk, so like... And he's already a US Marshal, so anything could have happened. Yeah. And anything is possible. I have no idea. Although I love to guess and then say it is a fact. Sure. There's a good chance Charles claimed that his life was in danger.
Starting point is 00:40:25 It is true. Either way, Charles Cora is arrested for murder and he goes to trial. So this once untouchable raconteurs fate is now at risk because of this very specific time in San Francisco history. So according to writer R.K. DeArmant, quote, shootings and stabbings were common occurrences in the city and had this murder been committed a few months earlier, Cora might have escaped punishment on the ancient claim of self-defense. But violence had reached
Starting point is 00:40:56 such proportions in the city that residents were calling for reorganization of the vigilance committee that had been so effective against the criminal element in 1851. In that year, vigilantes had executed or banished from the city many miscreants, and now five years later, they felt another no-nonsense cleansing was called for. So that's where vigilanteism comes from, is like that's in the towns where there was nothing set up
Starting point is 00:41:26 The people would just all get together and be like let's get in a big group and decide how we feel and then a neighborhood watch Yeah, but hardcore. Yeah, so Bell is devastated by her boyfriend's arrest and she does everything she can to help him She sends fresh linens and home-cooked meals to the jailhouse every single night. And she also identifies the best defense lawyer in San Francisco, a person named E.D. Baker. And she pays him in advance of $15,000 to defend Charles, which is worth over... Hold on. Hold on. It's over $100,000.
Starting point is 00:42:02 $150,000. $600,000. God damn it. I knew that. Over thousand, a hundred and fifty thousand. Six hundred thousand. God damn it. I knew that. Over half a million dollars. Holy shit. And just in case, Bell also attempts to bribe a witness to make sure that he is exonerated. Don't do that.
Starting point is 00:42:16 That will eventually come to light. But her investment in such a great lawyer pays off because ultimately she is never charged for that crime. Meanwhile, when the trial starts, the jury hangs on every word that E.D. Baker says. He captivates the courtroom with his speeches about the Corps' relationship, humanizing Charles for the jury, and he describes their love as, quote, not sanctioned by the rights of the church, but a tie which angels might not blush to approve." End quote. So he's real silver tongue, this guy. So the jury comes back with a hung verdict.
Starting point is 00:42:53 So Charles, who is now of course a pariah, has to go back to jail to wait for a retrial. Meanwhile, Ed Baker's involvement in the case actually comes back to bite him in the ass. According to Joanne Levy, quote, polite society shunned him afterwards and due to threats on his life, he eventually fled from the city. To him. Yeah. So San Francisco's committee of vigilance does get back together and they decide that they're going to handle Charles's retrial.
Starting point is 00:43:23 So according to their rules, a person can be convicted if there's majority consensus among the vigilantes. And the committee finds Charles guilty and they order him to be hanged. Bell begs and pleads with anyone who will listen. She offers to pay off whoever she needs to to free Charles, but at this point, her money has no sway, of course, with the Committee of Vigilance. Just before Charles is scheduled to be executed on May 22nd, 1856, he and Belle get married. And hours later, around 1.30 p.m., Charles Cora is hanged. Holy shit. Belle Cora becomes., Charles Cora is hanged. Holy shit. Bell Cora becomes a widow at just 29 years old.
Starting point is 00:44:09 Oh my god. Yeah. Despite her grief, she goes back to her work as a madam, and she maintains a level of fame in San Francisco for the rest of her life. She stays incredibly angry at the Committee of Vigilance, or whatever they're called, the people responsible for her husband's death. And according to Gary Camilla, Bell even collaborates with, quote, the publisher of an anti-vigilante scandal sheet to humiliate the vigilantes who killed her husband.
Starting point is 00:44:38 Damn. So she's not letting it rest. She holds onto this resentment until a few years later, the early 1860s, when she catches pneumonia and she does not recover. But before she dies, she sells her brothel, she donates most of her fortune to various social causes, specifically organizations that help educate children. And by doing that, Belcora becomes a rare female philanthropist at a time When men were the only one yeah once doing it Bell passes away at the age of 35. She's buried in Calvary Cemetery
Starting point is 00:45:16 She prearranged to have Charles reinterred next to her. He was initially buried at the Mission Dolores Cemetery But Bell was unable to secure a plot beside him because of overcrowding. So she basically has him moved to her. Over time, the Cora's graves become neglected and overgrown with grass and weeds. But then in the 1920s, a young female reporter named Pauline Jacobson learns about Bell and Charles Cora's story, and she writes a series of articles about them for the San Francisco Bulletin. And around this time, as the property is redeveloped, bodies interred at Calvary Cemetery are moved
Starting point is 00:45:56 to Colma, which is a city of cemeteries in South San Francisco, and Pauline lobbies to have the Cora's re-interned at Mission Dolores. So it's his original resting place, and this ends up being their final resting spot. The couple is still buried there to this day. Wow. And that is the story of the notorious gold rush era super rich mega millionaires, Belle and Charles Korra.
Starting point is 00:46:23 Oh my God. How tragic. Isn't she beautiful? Fucking drew that. It looks like I drew it. It does look like you drew that. And also here's a drawing of Charles. No, that's not what you described. No. I mean, look, I love a strong brow,
Starting point is 00:46:42 but this doesn't look like Oscar Isaac Allen. It doesn't. Wow, that's such a heartbreaking tale. I had never heard of that. I love the shape of the story, which is like, hey, get your bag, make your money, figure it out. If there's a trend, how can you be the supporter of that trend? Because if money's being made, how can you go provide services to the people getting rich off that thing? Again, podcasting. It's so obvious. Clearly. Georgia, do you ever buy a new item of clothing and think,
Starting point is 00:47:17 wow, I'm a fundamentally different person right now? Yes, I do all the time. I love putting on a new top and thinking, maybe I like jazz now. Well, thanks to Quince, you can change your look and your musical preferences without breaking the bank. Quince is the best place to shop for all your summer events. Their collection of elevated basics is perfect for summer travel. And once your order arrives, you'll have a whole year to return it. Quince has an extensive collection of fashionable summer looks, like their premium European linen dresses, blouses, and shorts from just $30. You could become one of those people who talks about their summer linens. Oh, when you're looking at a piece on the Quince website, you can scroll down to see
Starting point is 00:47:54 how people have styled it and if they thought the fit was true to size or not. Everything is priced 50 to 80% less than similar brands because Quince works directly with top factories. They cut out the middleman and they pass the savings on to you. I truly kind of go on to the Quince website once a month, I would say, because the clothes that they offer are so right up my alley in terms of like quality affordability, which I'll never let go of where I'm like, who doesn't love a bargain? But then also, it's more stylish than what I would pursue in real life because I just
Starting point is 00:48:27 don't have the energy. But like I order something from Quince and suddenly it's cut correctly and it's like, it looks really cute. They get all of that work done for me. It's so classy. So upgrade your closet this summer with Quince. Right now go to quince.com slash MFM to get free shipping and 365 day returns on your next order.
Starting point is 00:48:45 That's q u i n c e dot com slash MFM for free shipping and 365 day returns. 365 day returns. You can return an item a year later. Bananas. quince.com slash MFM. Goodbye. This podcast is brought to you in part by Squarespace. Hey Canada, this is Georgia and I have to come clean.
Starting point is 00:49:04 Turns out I don't know everything. But if you want to talk cats, I'm your girl. Vintage dresses, I'm here to help. My one blind spot is that I don't know the first thing about web development, but you know who does? Squarespace. Squarespace allows you to connect with your audience and sell anything from products to content
Starting point is 00:49:20 all from a single platform entirely on your terms. With Squarespace Blueprint, you can build a custom website in just minutes. All you have to do is choose a template and design from their beautifully curated options. You can also upload and organize video content in your library, and there's even an option to add a paywall
Starting point is 00:49:36 if you're hoping to monetize. Plus the Squarespace payment process couldn't be easier and in eligible countries, you can offer buy now, pay later options. Most importantly, Squarespace's new and improved SEO tools will help you connect to the right audience fast. Head to squarespace.com slash murder and save 10% off your first purchase of a website or domain by using the promo code murder.
Starting point is 00:49:57 That's squarespace.com slash murder and use promo code murder to save 10% off your first purchase of a website or domain. Goodbye. All right. Great job. Thank you. So my story actually is old timey also. Oh. It takes place in 1858. What? Here we are. I feel like Hannah and Alejandra did this on purpose. Probably, but mine is in Bradford, England. Where would you rather be, Bradford, England or back in San Francisco during the Cold Rush? In that time, Bradford, England. Yeah, me too.
Starting point is 00:50:30 Yeah. Okay, the story is kind of a, it would be a comedy of errors if it wasn't so tragic because a lot of people and a lot of children die in this story. It's a story of how a batch of tainted candy in the 1850s left 20 people dead, many of whom were children.
Starting point is 00:50:48 The one silver lining is that it ultimately led to important safety regulations that are still in place today. This is the story of the Bradford sweets poisoning. Yeah. So the main sources in this story is an article by Lauren Potts for BBC News and reporting from the time from the Leeds Mercury. Also, there's a podcast called The Alarmist and in it, yeah, it's great. There's an episode from September 2021 where Rebecca Delgado-Smith, the host, interviews
Starting point is 00:51:20 one of my favorite authors of nonfiction, Deborah Bloom, who wrote the Poisoner's Handbook. Oh yeah. Fucking incredible. Amazing. And she's actually been on this podcast, We'll Kill You and Wicked Words. I highly recommend listening to anything and reading anything by Deborah Bloom. And the rest of the sources can be found in the show notes. All right.
Starting point is 00:51:38 So we're going to begin in Bradford, England. And at the moment, it's a booming hub for the textile industry, your favorite industry. It's the wee hours of the morning on Sunday, October 31st, 1858. Halloween is not a thing yet, so don't think about it. Several children in town have become extremely sick overnight. A doctor rushes to the home of a boy named Elijah Wright, who is nine years old. He's been vomiting and convulsing. And nearby, a 14-year-old boy has the same symptoms. By sunrise, both boys die. And the doctor originally
Starting point is 00:52:13 believes they both had cholera because it had been going around and it displays similar symptoms to what the boys were suffering. But then a different doctor named John Henry Bell rushes to the home of two other young boys, Orlando and John Henry Bran. They're only five and three years old, I know. The boys are already near death when the doctor gets there and tragically they both die while he's at their house. So something's happening.
Starting point is 00:52:40 The father's also ill, though not nearly as sick as his sons had been. The boys' parents tell the doctor that both children had eaten peppermint candies the night before. The father had brought home the candy as a special treat from the Bradford Green Market. Another distraught relative of the family, like while they're there, eats two of those candies, like, you know, stress-eating, promptly starts to vomit. And Dr. Bell is like, something's up, this isn't cholera, sends the candies to a chemist to be tested. And these specific candies, the Brits call them humbugs. And they're basically just like little black and white peppermints, like, I don't know, like any kind of peppermint you'd have, like a hard candy. Hard candy.
Starting point is 00:53:23 Yeah. Like a boiled candy, they call them, or boiled sweet. Oh, really? Yeah. At the same time, more and more reports are pouring in about people, mostly children, becoming violently ill, and they had all recently consumed peppermint humbugs. And specifically, they'd all eaten peppermint humbugs that were purchased at the Green Market
Starting point is 00:53:43 the day before Saturday, October 30th. And there's only one person who sells candy at the Saturday green market, and his name is William Hartaker. But most people affectionately refer to him as Humbug Billy. So like picture a farmer's market bustling, there's a candy stall and Humbug Billy is like your guy. I think everyone knows him properly. A police detective named William Berniston, there's a lot of people named William in this story. They love to name people William in the 1800s.
Starting point is 00:54:14 They really do. It's a passion. So, Berniston gets to Humbug Billy's house Sunday evening and finds him in his bed. He's violently ill, the candy seller. He had eaten half a candy the night before, started throwing up, and had to hire a horse-drawn carriage to bring him home. So he had tried one of the candies, started getting violently ill, didn't put it together that it was from the candy, and went home. When the detective tells him
Starting point is 00:54:42 that many others are sick too, Humbug Billy is immediately frantic. He says that he sold about five pounds of peppermint candies the day before, which is about a thousand of the little candies. So it's a fuck ton of these candies. Like it can't be something that everyone hates, like black licorice. It has to be something that everyone loves. It's like such a bummer. The Bradford police constable immediately summons the town crier to march through the streets and ring in his belt like straight up old school. And it's like y'all don't fucking eat these candies. We need that today. Yeah, town crier for sure. To be like, get off the
Starting point is 00:55:20 internet. I was gonna say it's called the internet. We don't want that. I don't know. We want an alternative. We need a real life person. To say get off the internet. As the word spreads, volunteers join in the cause. They run from pub to pub because that's where everyone is, warning everyone inside about the bad batch of candy. The police constable also has a special flyer printed hung up on every wall in town and also brought to surrounding towns
Starting point is 00:55:46 because a lot of people come from smaller villages on a Saturday to go to the green grocer. You know? A nightmare. Just like a nightmare of distribution. Yeah. Humbug Billy tells the police that he doesn't make the candy himself. So he's just the seller.
Starting point is 00:55:59 He buys it from a confectioner who's the candy maker named Joseph Neal. So the detective leaves Humbug Billy and moves on to find this candy maker, is trying to find obviously the root of this poisoning. When Detective Bernstein gets to Joseph Neal's house, the candy maker, Joseph says that he made the peppermint Humbugs the way he always does. The recipe includes sugar and peppermint oil, but something that's super normal at the time, because sugar is so expensive and hard to get, is you just fucking cut it with some shit. It's like cocaine. It's the same thing. Same idea.
Starting point is 00:56:32 Yeah. Or like anything we eat today that's cut with stuff to make it cheaper. Right. Because sugar, I guess Deborah Bloom in the Alarmist episode says that it's like $70 a pound. Oh. And people are not, you know, don't have a lot of money at the time. So Joseph Neal cuts the candies with a filler substance that's called daft. And daft is any kind of white powder that confectioners use to replace some of the costly sugar in their products. Joseph typically uses what
Starting point is 00:56:59 he calls terra alba as his daft, but it's the same thing as plaster of Paris. Oh, no. Yeah. So you want to talk all you want, you know, fucking nutritionists about additives, but back then, it wasn't one great either. They're like, should we put this on a balloon and try to sculpt a weird animal or should we feed it to children? Oh, my God.
Starting point is 00:57:24 I've been getting all these like videos about canola oil recently and it's just like everything's terrible. Everything's terrible. But it is unappealing, obviously, but it's generally harmless, supposedly. And it's a totally acceptable common practice among candy makers, especially now during the Industrial Revolution, having to make these big batches. And at the moment, it's all completely unregulated as well, because the Industrial Revolution is kind of a new thing, and people are used to growing and selling their own stuff. So the fact that someone else is making it and you're selling it is kind of rare, and
Starting point is 00:57:58 it's not regulated yet. So the week before, Joseph had sent an employee named James Appleton to a drugist to buy 12 pounds of daft. So, a drugist is basically a pharmacist. And so, the drugist or the pharmacist named Charles Hodgson, he was sick in bed when the confectioner went to buy the fucking plaster of Paris from the chemist. Is this making sense? So the only person in the shop was his young apprentice, a teenage boy, happened to be
Starting point is 00:58:33 named William as well, William Goddard. And so this teenager, William Goddard, was just like an untrained kid who was like covering the desk because Charles Hodgson was sick, you know, not someone who had any idea what he was doing. So James comes to the shop asking for 12 pounds of daft. William doesn't know what that is or where to look for it. He runs over to his boss's bedside, asks him where he keeps the daft. Charles, the chemist, was like, it's the white powder in the barrel in the room in the corner, blah, blah, blah, explains to him where the daft. Charles, the chemist, was like, it's the white powder in the barrel
Starting point is 00:59:05 in the room and the coroner blah blah blah explains to him where the daft is. Oh, God. Guess what? Rat poison? Mm-hmm. Well, William goes to the barrel that he thinks his boss is referring to and scoops out 12 pounds of white powder, which he thinks is daft, and which he sells to James. But it turns out that white powder is arsenic. Just the classic fucking arsenic.
Starting point is 00:59:29 Just a straight up poison. Just 12 fucking pounds of arsenic. James then mixes all 12 pounds of what he thinks is daft with 40 pounds of sugar and four pounds of gum to make the peppermint candies. And while he and his employees are making the candies, they actually all begin to feel ill, and the candies come out a strange color,
Starting point is 00:59:49 darker than usual. Like, there's so many points in this for this to have not happened. But people didn't really pay attention. Joseph Neal, the candy seller, he samples a bit of the candy because he's like, this is the wrong color. He starts to get sick,
Starting point is 01:00:04 but he thinks it's maybe he's seasick or something. Like he doesn't equate it with the weirdly colored candy. And because the candy's a weird color, he haggles them for a discount. That's as far as it fucking goes. Yeah. And thinking of like their big investment, which is the bought sugar that they've already used. It's kind of, they're not thinking worst case scenario, they're thinking how do we keep this going, which is, yeah. And it's kind of one of those things too that we talk about in scams where it's like we need this now so people don't stop to think about consequences or likely answers.
Starting point is 01:00:40 Also and not to, you know, a mistake's a mistake. And that's just the truth, where it's clearly no one had any ill intention. But could we keep the arsenic in the hallway away from the powdered sugar? Like a colored Post-It note on it, so you know that it's not, you know what I mean? What would a Victorian England Post-It note be? I don't know. It would be like a cloth diaper or something. Pin a cloth diaper to it. A dirty diaper you find in the street.
Starting point is 01:01:11 And then she's like, just that's our way of saying, please be careful. So we know. Yeah. This is the shit. We know. And to hear Deborah Bloom of The Poisoner's Handbook talk about arsenic, which is, quote, her favorite poisoning, is a joy. I just, it's, she's amazing.
Starting point is 01:01:27 So after hearing this story from the candy maker, Detective Bernstein knows it's time to go back to the drugist where he originally went. Joseph Neal decides to go with him. The candy maker is also like, dude, what's going on? So he goes to, so when the two men get to the pharmacy, the main drugist, Charles Hod Hodgson is out, but he's not sick anymore. He's just not at the shop at the time. But the teen apprentice William is there. The detective asks William if he's recently sold 12 pounds of daft. And William's like, yeah, totally. And the detective asks if he can see the daft. William brings him up to the area. He opens the cask and Joseph Neel, the candy maker, sticks his finger in the powder. I mean, it's like a detective novel, aren't it?
Starting point is 01:02:08 And because of experience, knows immediately it's not daft. There's no label, but at that point in time, the druggist gets back to the shop and realizes that the white powder is arsenic. So basically the problem was there was two unmarked barrels in two different corners of the attic each containing white powder I mean, it's just like we know the problem. Yeah, we know what the problem is. The problem is Absolutely no regulation. Yeah, exactly
Starting point is 01:02:33 So the chemist who had been given the very first sample of peppermints confirms that they had been tainted with arsenic and Matches it to the arsenic from the barrel and it's found that each candy contains enough arsenic to kill four men. Oh my god. So of course if an adult eats some of it they're gonna get sick but not as sick as if a child eats even one. I know it's fucking heartbreaking. Also just if you're thinking about it if it's how I'm picturing it which is like a northern mill town. Yeah right. Getting a piece of candy is a really big deal. Huge. Because sugar's so expensive. Candy is not an everyday thing.
Starting point is 01:03:09 Right. And 20 people wind up dying from exposure to the poisoned candies. Many of them are children, some less than a year old. About 200 more people become very sick. It's likely that the real numbers are even higher, because some of the candies would have made their way to other towns where people might not have heard what happened.
Starting point is 01:03:30 And because arsenic is this like perfect poison, it doesn't taste like anything, it doesn't smell like anything, it doesn't, you know, change anything. So just people randomly dying. Yeah. And the effects mimic cholera, like a natural sickness. Yeah, and the effects mimic cholera, something like a natural sickness. Yeah. Bradford's population is about 50,000, so this is felt as a tragedy that
Starting point is 01:03:51 touched everyone's life. Everyone knew someone who got sick or died. Totally. William the Apprentice, Charles the Druggist, and Joseph the Candy Maker are all initially charged with manslaughter. An inquest finds that only Charles the Druggist is guilty, but the findings from an inquest also make it clear that what happened was a tragic accident and in the end a judge dismisses
Starting point is 01:04:15 the charges against Charles as well. So nobody's ever really helped. I mean, yeah, but also like, duh. Well what does it do? I know. Well, yeah. Okay, so what happens is. No, I'm just saying like, what would sending him to jail do? He didn't intend it.
Starting point is 01:04:30 He didn't want it. And he didn't do anything against the law. He didn't do anything against the law. And he now has to live the rest of his life knowing children die, probably exactly the opposite of his goal of selling candy in the first place. Not the candy seller, the chemist, the pharmacy guy. Oh, sorry, sorry, sorry.
Starting point is 01:04:47 He doesn't. But whoever's found guilty. Yeah. No, it's terrible. It's the last thing anyone would want. So that idea of like, well, someone has to pay, it's like they don't though. That's what an accident is. Yeah.
Starting point is 01:05:00 Well, actually, Humbug Billy, the candy seller, he survives the poisoning that he got, but he's paralyzed for the rest of his life. Like arsenic is no fucking joke. Rules about adulterating foods with other substances, so like daft with sugar, won't come on the scene for a long time, but this event leads directly to Parliament passing the Pharmacy Act of 1868. So like almost 10 years after the poisoning, but still it was directly related to this poisoning. And this law requires that poisons can only be sold in particular
Starting point is 01:05:31 bottles made from colored textured glass and that poisons must be labeled. And it also requires sellers to keep a record of the names of the people who buy them, so they can see who's responsible for that arsenic. And that's awesome. But the U.S. doesn't implement that rule for another like 50 years. So why would we? And that is the tragic story of the Bradford sweets poisoning. Wow. The idea, I feel like the stories that we do, I absolutely try to make up really quick in my head what this could possibly be. The idea that it's like a poisoning that was purely accidental.
Starting point is 01:06:12 And all the people with hands on that like moved the poison along the process were innocent of knowing what was happening. Horrifying. But they all got sick, the candy makers, like needed one person to go hold up, let's take a look at this, you know? But was it a time where everyone was always sick? Was it that time where like feeling ill was like too bad, go back to your factory job? Right. And speaking up on the line is going to get you fired immediately.
Starting point is 01:06:42 Sucks. I know. Horrible. Yeah. Well, very interesting. Right. All right. Well, should we pick this up at the very end by doing, by finding?
Starting point is 01:06:52 Wait one second. You know what we should do? We have a surprise here. Oh, yeah. So this is a piece of mail that just came in that Alejandra brought in for us. It's a gift from Shelby Nichols Art in Arkansas. So you want to take a look at this? Yeah. Shelby Nichols is at Shelby Nichols Art on Instagram. We haven't had a present
Starting point is 01:07:13 or like unboxing in so long. This is really exciting because now we have an office for like where things can be sent, not like a basement or a storage unit. Right. Exactly. Should we both put a hand on this and pull it up? It's a pretty box, it looks like it's gonna be art. Oh! It's wrapped in brown paper and it has a little mustache on it. Do you want to unwrap it? No, no, go ahead. Here, take that side. I don't want to be the only one unwrapping it. Get rid of it! Duh duh duh. Remember we said we wanted a frame photo of Stephen. Stephen's mustache. And this is a close up of Stephen's mouth and mustache. This is a photorealistic painting. Shelby, incredible art.
Starting point is 01:08:01 Shelby, we will post this on our socials, so make sure you check this out. It's totally Steven's mouth. It's totally, it's Steven's mouth so exact. Like, you show this to me in the wild, and I would know it's him. Shelby was very specific, with Steven's mustache being a little sparse. Yep, and trimmed by himself, you can tell.
Starting point is 01:08:22 Oh my God, and he's smiling in his Steven way. What a delightful reminder. Also, if you are a talented artist and you want to give us some rendering of Steven's mustache, get in here. We could have a gallery wall of Steven's mustache. We could have a Steven's mustache. It'll be just like, what year was that? Like 2011, where all of the sudden mustaches and like,
Starting point is 01:08:48 yeah, remember when everyone got tattoos of a mustache on their finger? Yes. It's like, let's bring it back. Bring it back. That's fucking delightful. All right, well send in, if you have an idea for that, send it in. But in the meantime, Shelby Nichols, thank you so much. Great job, Shelby Nichols art. Oh my god. What a fun, unboxing. That was fun. I job, Shelby Nichols Art. Oh my god. What a fun.
Starting point is 01:09:05 Unboxing. That was fun. I want to do more unboxings. That was really fun. OK, so we asked you guys, hashtag what are you even doing right now so we can find out what you do when you listen to this podcast, because we want to know.
Starting point is 01:09:15 We're genuinely interested. And you guys have the best answers. I actually need to skip the line and tell you that last night we went to Osiria Mozza, which is a very fancy restaurant here in Los Angeles. Me and my friend Chase Bernstein, who has a podcast called Compose, which is hilarious. It's literally just her talking. She's so fucking hilarious. So funny. So we hadn't seen her in a long time. So I was like, Oh yeah, let's go out to dinner.
Starting point is 01:09:41 So I get on open table to me. And I totally thought we were going to regular mozza pizzeria. Yeah. And they're like, Oh, no, you're you're up there. And then I was like, I'm wearing flip flops. Like I should not be in this restaurant right now. We had the most delicious dinner. And at one point, a waiter came over and was kind of talking to us about the food. And then he goes, I just want you to know that what I'm doing right now is is usually setting up all these tables. Oh my god. Oh my god. Oh my god. I haven't had a what are you even doing right now in the wild yet. It was to my face. That's exciting. Very sweet and exciting. And then he was like but ma'am we need you to put real shoes on. But ma'am you're going to have to leave
Starting point is 01:10:21 out the back door because who the hell do you think you are? I mean Helen Mirren is sitting right over there like how do you even? Also soon after that conversation I knocked the candle off of our table across the fucking floor with wax and drama. No! So I'm only telling that to say I cannot remember this person's name and I'm really sorry because they were so sweet and nice. But I guess we'll just have to go to Osteria Mozza and find that out. Maybe later that night they were cleaning up wax while listening to the broadcast. Someone had to get down there with a butter knife and scrape it off the floor.
Starting point is 01:10:58 Okay, anyway. Mine's from someone named TheRealDonda on Instagram and they say, I'm a dog walker in Calgary, Canada. I currently have six dogs strapped around my waist. As I think about which way really is the best way to eat eggs. We had a lot of comments on that. That's the kind of like mental, you know, fodder that we try to give you. Just like, these are things you can think about
Starting point is 01:11:22 during the day other than scary stuff. What is the best way to eat eggs? Scramble. You guys get me through my many hours of walking these pups in minus 40 degrees Celsius to plus 40 degrees Celsius. It's meaningless to us. I gasped. That was just polite. I was being polite. Well, you know if they're mentioning it, it must be high and low. Yeah. Thank you for all you two ladies do. Is the end of that. Thank you, real Donda.
Starting point is 01:11:51 Say hi to those dogs for us. Yes, six dogs. This is an email. What am I even doing right now? A Smithsonian exhibition about forensic science. Whoa. Greetings, murder scholars. I have been with y'all since the early days, and when you stated the what are you even doing right now corner, I knew it was finally
Starting point is 01:12:08 my time to write in. I am the mount maker at the Smithsonian National Museum of American History. I have the greatest job in the museum that you've never heard about. Mount making is the process of designing, fabricating, and installing the mounts slash support slash armatures for artifacts." And then it says, this is a fancy word for treasure, Karen. I know what fucking artifacts are. We're off to a bad start. While listening to MFN, I've been making fire and bending brass for the mounts for our latest exhibition, Forensic Science on Trial. Wow. Oh my god. Those, so sorry, they don't Science on Trial. Wow. Oh my God.
Starting point is 01:12:45 Those, so sorry, they don't buy mounts at the mount factory. This person actually creates. Yeah. Wow. I know. It says, you guys, I've been trying to keep it together, but this exhibit is made for murderinos and includes historical case studies and displays objects related to forensic investigations of murder, sexual assault,
Starting point is 01:13:05 and kidnapping. Trials of the century. You covered some of these stories on MFM. The exhibit opened on June 28, 2024 and closes in June 2025. Oh, that's good. A full year. Yeah. Please come for a visit to DC.
Starting point is 01:13:18 We would love to have you at the National Museum of American History. Love you, gals. Laura. Laura, I'm honored to be talking to somebody that works at the Smithsonian. Seriously, like the background check you had to pass to get that job is like epic. Yeah, and then you like, you're just like, you want to push that up so people can see it on a slant. I got you. You know what we need is her to make something for this beautiful Steven portrait that we've got.
Starting point is 01:13:43 Oh my god. Yeah, Laura, when you're not busy, because I'm sure you have a lot of free time at the Smithsonian. There's not that much going on. No, no, no. We don't want you to fabricate a frame for Steven's mustache painting. What if Laura does that and then sends us the bill along with it? Where she's like, oh, no problem. My services would be roughly around $11,000. Well, the podcast is over. Hey, this episode is over. It is. Thanks for listening, you guys.
Starting point is 01:14:12 You guys, please figure out your favorite type of eggs. Please look around and go outside and find other humans and engage with humans and make plans in humanity and don't let the internet scare you. Yeah or go to a museum, a history museum and remember that time isn't linear. It's all circling around the drain. Oh no wait, yeah just go to a museum. Go to a museum and then while you're there find find some women, some like-minded women, and start planning. Yeah. Stay sexy.
Starting point is 01:14:50 And don't get murdered. Goodbye. Elvis, do you want a cookie? This has been an Exactly Right production. Our senior producer is Alejandra Keck. Our managing producer is Hannah Kyle Creighton. Our editor is Aristotle Acevedo. This episode was mixed by Liana Squillace.
Starting point is 01:15:13 Our researchers are Maren McClashen and Ali Elkin. Email your hometowns to MyFavoriteMurder at gmail.com. Follow the show on Instagram and Facebook at MyFavoriteMurder and Twitter at MyFaveMurder. Goodbye.

There aren't comments yet for this episode. Click on any sentence in the transcript to leave a comment.