No Such Thing As A Fish - 162: No Such Thing As Catastrophic Shoelaces

Episode Date: April 28, 2017

Dan, James, Anna and Andy discuss the problem with HMS Victory, the science behind shoelaces and the age-old question of hobnob production.

Hello and welcome to another episode of No Such Thing as a Fish, a weekly podcast coming to you from the QI offices in Covent Garden. My name is Dan Schreiber and I'm sitting here with Anna Chazinski, Andrew Hunter Murray and James Harkin and once again, we have gathered round the microphones with our four favorite facts from the last seven days and in no particular order, here we go, starting with you, Anna Chazinski. My fact this week is that the largest diamond ever found in Russia is called the 26th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

That's its name. Catchy. That's its catchy, shiny name. It's called this because it was mined in 1980 and the 26th Congress of the Communist Party opened in 1981 and February 1981, so I think the diamond was actually named before the Congress happened. So the Congress was this big meeting, if all the Soviet delegates are all important. So was it a complete coincidence?

Do they think, oh, what should we call our meeting? Let's name it after that lovely big diamond we found last year. What was that called? Yeah, it was that. Let's quickly have 25 smaller conferences. It does not sound like a great party, the 26th Congress of the Soviet Union. It sounds pretty grim because the leaders were pretty sclerotic and elderly at that point and it was, was it Brezhnev who was in charge at the time?

Yeah, and he spoke for five hours, didn't he? Yeah, he did a five hour opening speech. Another thing I like about this diamond. Wow, five hour opening speech. That's sort of Castro level, isn't it? It's KendoD level. KendoD level, yeah. Less entertaining, I reckon.

But yeah, so in the Soviet Union, they just used to name stuff after really Soviet things in a way that stopped making names kind of nice and attractive and pretty and started making them sound very utilitarian. Yeah, and it all started after the October Revolution in 1917. So then they started calling babies Soviet things. So in 1924, one baby got called Octiabrina after the October Revolution. And then you got, you know, Stalina when Stalin became a thing. They used to make names out of acronyms of all their hero's names.

So a really popular name was Mel's, which stood for Marx, Engels, Lenin, Stalin. And then actually when Stalin was, when the Soviet Union distanced itself from Stalin, a lot of people dropped the S after Stalin. So when they got rid of Stalin, is that where the name Mel comes from? Like from the Spice Girls? Yeah. I don't think, I think there might be a different origin to our version of Mel, yeah. Mel C, the C actually stands for Communist.

And Mel B is a Bolshevik, yeah. Just back on diamonds very quickly, I was looking down this big Wikipedia list of all the biggest diamonds and I saw one that caught my eye called the Jane Seymour Diamond. And the Jane Seymour Diamond is a ring which was named after the actress Jane Seymour. She was very proud of it. And when they were doing it sort of ceremonies, she would go and put the diamond on and be part of the ceremony to show it. She never owned it.

She was just sort of, she loved the idea of it. But what caught my eye is the fact that they are selling it now. So in July 2016, they announced that they were going to sell it and it led me down the road of seeing how interesting it is when you buy an expensive diamond, how it gets delivered to you. It's an eight hour luxury experience in buying the ring. So it begins with a journey by air, by a helicopter. You get chauffeured by Rolls Royce to a private luxury cruise.

And then on the 57th floor of a hotel, you're surrounded by- Hang on, does the cruise go to the- It drops you off. It's the cruise ship of 57 store. Yeah, there's no delay. They go to the 57th floor of a hotel. They're surrounded by 10,000 roses. They have an 18 course modern Asian menu with diamond encrusted chopsticks.

I don't really like modern Asians. Oh, okay. So this is why you didn't go for it. That's why I thought my wife would be very cheap. But to top it off, they present the ring at midnight while fireworks go off in the night sky. Wow. That's how they're selling this ring.

Can you turn it down at that point? Can you say, actually, now that I've seen it? That sounds like such a slice of hot nonsense. Yeah, yeah, it really does. So you go on a helicopter ride to a cruise ship, which then pointlessly goes in a circle, so you can go to a hotel. Yeah. Go to the hotel first.

Yeah, I mean, yeah. Well, you'd be rubbish on a cruise, wouldn't you? I won't on a two-week cruise, but actually, I end up back where I started, so I'm not going to bother. I'm just going to sit in this harbor for three weeks. I save a lot of money on cruises. But it's interesting, if you buy these rings and you get them insured, the insurance only lasts for so long.

There's a very famous ring called the Burton Taylor ring, which was Richard Burton bought for Elizabeth Taylor. It cost $1.1 million, and because of the insurance, she was only allowed to wear it 30 days per year that they're willing to insure you for, and because most times you need security. Yeah, it's really odd when Elizabeth Taylor was delivered the ring. So again, the crazy security, she was in Monaco at the time, and three men carrying briefcases, one of which carried the ring, all went on to the plane at the same time and went sort of different seats, different ways.

So no one knew which briefcase it was going to be in, and when they finally delivered to it, the guy with the briefcase that had the ring in it also had three pairs of stockings that cost 50 cents in America, but was Elizabeth Taylor's favorite, but she couldn't get in Monaco. So along with the ring were the three stockings, and everyone said she was way more excited by the stockings than she was by the ring that eventually arrived. Then helicopters and diamonds, this massive Communist Party diamond was found in the Mia Mine, and the Mia Mine is one of the biggest holes in the world.

That's not that kind, James. I'm sure it's got some meaning. It's a bit better than Wigan, but it's one of the biggest holes in the world, and Russia has banned helicopters from flying over it because they can get sucked in. They can get sucked in? Wow. Yeah. What sucks them in?

Wow. Well. As it inhales. Well, what it is, is if you dig a hole deep enough, it gets really hot at the bottom because it's the pressure, and that heats up the air, and obviously the air at the top because it's in the middle of Siberia is cold, and so you get this convection current of air, and it can cause a vortex, and so anything flying over the top of it can get sucked down into the hole.

Wow. That's cool. That's good, that, isn't it? Why don't birds always get sucked down chimneys? Because most chimneys are not the biggest hole in the world, if I've understood James right. Yeah, it's the depth and the difference in heat, although I suppose a fire is quite hot.

Blimey, if I'm ever flying over that, and the helicopter starts to get into trouble, I'll be able to say as we plummet. This is quite interesting, actually, what's happening. It's due to a convection thing. The meermine in the 1960s made 20% of all the gems in the world. Wow. They found them there, and when they first dug it, it's in near Yakutsk, I think, so it's really cold in the middle of Siberia, and they had permafrost, so it's really icy

there, and even the dynamite wouldn't get through the permafrost because it was so cold. Wow. What? That is way cool. I have a little more stuff on things being named oddly in the Soviet Union, and elsewhere. Go. Right, so loads of people during the French Revolution started changing their names as well.

Basically, whenever there's a mass of political upheaval, people start naming their babies crazy things. What will you name your baby after Jeremy Corbyn gets it done? I would name him Saint Jez. In 1792, basically, there had been loads of rules up until that point on what you could name your babies, and then there was a rule change during the Revolution which said, no, any citizen can change their name by just making a declaration at their local town hall, wherever it might be.

There's a list of things that people change their names to, and they are wild. People chose names including Amor Sacré de la Patrie, L'Antoie, which means Sacred Love of the Native Land Year 3, Moire au Aristocrat, Death to Aristocrats, which is a cool name, and my favourite is Simon la Liberté ou la Moire, which means Simon, Liberty or Death. Simon? Yeah. I'll just use Simon. Someone after the Egyptian Revolution in 2011 called his daughter Facebook.

Oh. Really? Yeah. Because it played a big part in, you know, organising the protest. Yeah, yeah. Not just because he likes saying people's holiday protests. Yeah, true, yeah, yeah. I wouldn't imagine that that person's going to find it hard to get a Facebook account,

actually. Just on the largest diamond in the world? Yeah. It's worth covering. It's called the Golden Jubilee, although it was originally called unnamed brown. Same. Brown. Yeah, it's a brown diamond.

Didn't have a name. It was referred to as that one. Brown diamond? Yeah, there's a lot of brown diamonds. What are they? They're like diamonds, but they're brown. It sounds like a very unpleasant euphemism. Come back from the bathroom, kind of hobbling.

Oh, it's a brown diamond day. So are they actually colour brown, or are they just sort of, like, they murky with infections? They're probably murky, yeah. Oh, yeah. Oh, well, so they actually are brown, but they're very beautiful. Yeah. So when people are home, Dan is showing us on his laptop pictures of brown diamonds. Yes.

And that is disgusting. Anyway, when it was found in South Africa, this brown diamond got all these blessings. It was blessed by the Buddhist Supreme Patriarch of Thailand, visited the Pope, and then it went to an Islamic scholar to be blessed by him as well. Did they all get to go on the boat trip and then in the helicopter and surround about 20,000 roses? Dan, can you check Urban Dictionary while you have your laptop? We don't usually use laptops, but can you check Urban Dictionary to see if brown diamond is a thing?

Oh, God. Come on. Just while Dan's doing that, I thought you might like to know there was a tradition in England of what's called Hortatory Names. So it's extreme Puritans, God Names, which were designed to encourage you to behave particularly well. So one of the men who rebuilt London after the Great Fire was called Nicholas Barbon, right? But his middle name was, if Christ had not died for thee, thou hadst been damned.

That was from Sophie Hay, who we know. A friend of ours who's a classical historian, knows a lot about Pompey, but she also knows about him. Isn't that an amazing middle name? You hear a lot of those. I think one or two of them turn out to be myths or post-Hock things, but that one is real, isn't it? It is in Urban Dictionary. Okay, what's it mean? It's just as we were saying, basically, slang for turd or poo.

I.e., my dog has left a minefield of brown diamonds in the yard. Okay. Well, it's just a bit of knowledge. You clocked it. I don't know if we're going to call that knowledge. I'm going to try and un-know it as soon as possible. Okay, it is time for fact number two, and that is my fact. My fact this week is that scientists have announced that they finally know why shoelaces untie themselves.

Good old scientists. Good old scientists. Do you know in Russia, there's a joke, because we were talking about Russia before, where you say, according to British scientists, and then you say something ridiculous, and that's like a meme of jokes in Russia. Oh, really? Yeah, because they have this idea that all British scientists do is really ridiculous shoelace-related studies. Yeah, we haven't helped that already.

This is a university, researchers at a university in California, Berkeley, and they were studying why shoelaces untie themselves. Surprisingly, it's been a massive mystery to science for a very long time, so they dedicated their time to working that out, and it's interesting, it's all to do with the way that we slam our feet to the ground, and it plays with- Well, I didn't think it would be to do with how we clap our hands. Unless you wear your shoes on your hands.

And my pick-toes poking through my gloves. Yeah, it's all to do with sort of gravity and so on. I don't fully understand it. Gravity, eh? Basically, one of the things that they're saying is that when you force your foot down, you're going- When you walk? When you walk?

Because you make it sound down, like you walk around stamping your feet on the ground, slam your foot down. Like Hagrid. Walking everywhere like a giant. So not Hagrid, sorry. When we're putting our feet down, the shoelaces, the tips of the shoelaces that are left exposed are being pulled back up as you go down by gravity,

almost as if hands are pulling them because of the force that we go down. Therefore, it's slowly loosening them and loosening them as we take more and more steps. Does that make sense? I might have made that up. Yeah, so wait, the tips are still pulling towards the ground when we're lifting our foot up. Yes, is that it? It's actually the flick. So the two things that cause that, I think, in the study said was

it's caused by a combination of the impact of the shoe on the ground as it hits the ground, which deforms the knot itself. And then the whipping of the laces as you lift your foot back up pulls the laces away from the already deformed knot. So does that mean, like, if you moonwalk everywhere, then your shoelaces will never come undone? Yeah, that's absolutely true. So they tested it with people either walking on the spot up and down without any forward motion and shoelaces don't come undone.

And they tested it with people swinging their legs from a chair and shoelaces don't come undone. And I just want to say for the record, my shoelaces just don't come undone anyway so I don't understand what this whole... What? Mine come undone all the time. Do they really? Mine do sometimes. Yeah, yeah.

This is a really interesting chat, guys. I always thought that we should add more personal touches to the podcast. Let's hope people learn a bit more about our personalities and now people know that your shoelaces never come undone. That's true. But the minds sometimes do. Yeah. The Royal Society website described this study and it was...

I think have been overreacting it a bit because they said, as demonstrated using slow motion video footage and a series of experiments, the failure of the knot happens in a matter of seconds, often without warning and is catastrophic. Wow. If you're on the edge of a cliff or something, it can be. That's true. I don't know if this is overreacting it as well,

but they're saying that the forces that act on the tied shoelace will be greater than those felt by humans on the most extreme roller coaster. That's what your shoelace is going through every time you put your foot down. It's like a mad roller coaster ride. They're saying 7G, which is seven times the force of gravity, and the biggest, most powerful roller coaster is the Tower of Terror in Johannesburg, and that's 6.3G. And to put that into some kind of context,

Space Shuttle, someone in that would get 3G. I think so. They're near the satellite, aren't they? Have you guys seen the website Ian's Shoelace site? Yes. No? Yes. Right.

It is fantastic, isn't it? It's the best shoelace site, I would say, on the whole internet. Yep. Okay. I agree. It's a guy called Ian who has set up the site partly just to tell people about his own knot, which is called the Ian knot, and he says it stays securely tied.

It's much better than the granny knot that almost everybody uses. And he says that there's also a high-security version of it, which is called Ian's Secure Shoelace Knot. But he does say on the website, no, that my Ian knot is quite secure for all normal activities. Wow. Anna, maybe you're using Ian's knot. Yeah.

Well, I think I am. The knot thing is unbelievable that we've all been tying our shoelaces wrong. I saw this in a TED talk. You saw an Ian's knot. So we are all doing this granny knot, or most of us are, and the way you can tell is if you get your finger, if you sort of pull the sides of your shoe apart when your shoes are tied in a bow, then the bow orients itself vertically,

so it orients itself away from your body. Whereas if you've done a good knot, and you pull the two sides of your shoe apart, then the bow orients itself horizontally, so it orients itself. Does that make sense? I was looking at Dan's shoes now, and they have no laces.

I'm not going to wear them anymore. I fell off one cliff too many years ago. Well, you should explain that now that you know how to do up shoes, which is basically when we do them up usually, you're putting the very first cross you make with the laces, the very first one when you're doing your shoes in a bow, you're putting the wrong lace over the top. And if you do the other one,

then you'll find that it orients itself the right way, and it's much stronger. So you put the left-hand lace over the top of the right-hand lace, and then draw it underneath. I've just redone it on myself, and I think because I'm left-handed, I've been putting the left one over as is recommended. I was just going to say,

I bet left-handed people do it differently. You've been doing it right. And they're very secure, my laces. Well, no, they do come apart sometimes. I've given away too much about myself. I have to say, I tried this last night, and what my mind was blown, I would say. I'm so excited.

I'm never going to do my laces up wrong again. Can I just say on Ian very quickly, his website's called Ian's Shoelace site. Ian Feigen is his name. It's worth pointing out, he's made a whole site about shoelaces, and he actually doesn't really, overly care about shoelaces. He kind of does what we do.

He's picked a subject that he wants to mine and find out stuff about, and just create a place that's the place to go to about the knowledge, the history, and so on about it. So a huge shout out to him for just doing that. He doesn't give a shit about shoelaces. Are you sure he doesn't? Yeah, he doesn't.

He says on his site, I'm really not a knotting nut. I'm just a friendly Aussie guy trying to contribute to the internet. He has a celebrity section too. Does he? Yeah. So who are they?

Taylor Swift, John McEnroe, John McEnroe, Reese Witherspoon, and Reese Witherspoon have in common. They all wear shoes. Well, they're all celebrities who I believe may be tying granny knots thanks to the telltale sign

of crooked shoelace bows that run along the shoe instead of across the shoe. Celebrities are human too. So who are they? Taylor Swift, John McEnroe, John McEnroe,

Reese Witherspoon. So if I'm looking for celebrities, they're not going to be the first three that I look for. Taylor Swift might be, but John McEnroe probably would be down in the thousands. Right.

And so basically, he's checked a lot of celebrities to get down as far as John McEnroe can say. Right. And yet he doesn't care about shoelaces. Yeah.

I think he went straight to John McEnroe because tennis is one of the jobs you'd have where you'd really want strong shoelaces. He may have won a few extra grand slams,

had he been tying shoelaces. And he's probably got a shoe. Like no one else on that list probably has a shoe, but he'll have a sponsored shoe. Well, you know, you have shoes as tennis players. They all also have shoes,

those other people. No, but I mean, like the McEnroe shoe, they might be. The McEnroe shoe. Yeah, okay. I think sports people tend to have shoes.

Do they? Yes. Zola Budd didn't. Who? Sorry. That's a very niche reference. But she used to run without shoes. She's very famous for that.

That is a fantastic joke for those who know who Zola Budd is. Sandy Shaw, is that though? No, isn't she the same? We've talked about Sandy Shaw before.

She didn't wear shoes. Yeah. Oh yeah, she's never got shoes in the video clips. What does she do? Bill Paul Baggins,

he's got the reference. Yeah. He didn't have any lucrative sponsorship deals as he went to Mordor. So on knots. Yeah. Okay.

This is so cool. Every single cell in your body has two meters of DNA in it. Right? Hmm. But according to science, anything longer

than about 139 centimeters is likely to get tied up in a knot spontaneously just due to being agitated about 50% of the time. So how does our DNA not get into this massive tangled ball?

And there are loads of theories and scientists don't know. Oh really? It's so cool. So one of the latest theories is that it's got these, I'm going to mis-explain it

because it's quite complicated, but it's constantly slipping through these rings like proteins. And basically, it gets bunched up in lengths like carriages in a train.

So you're interacting a bit with the rest of the length in your carriage, but you're not interacting with other lengths of the DNA. Okay. So it gets bunched up

into balls, basically, it gets bunched up into sections which are much less likely to form knots. Okay. Is that like if you put loads of elastic bands

in a box or something, they'd all get tangled up with each other, maybe, but if you put elastic band balls, then they wouldn't get tangled up with each other. No.

I mean, that would be a great explanation if it was true. I don't know. Because I really understood that very well. It's true. I don't know if it is.

Maybe it is. Okay. Here's hoping. Let's go with that. Okay. So the first thing I did was discovered by Dorian Raymer and Douglas Smith,

and they won an Ig Nobel Prize for physics in 2008. Wow. And what they did was they put a load of cords in a rotating box, and they did it

more than 3,000 times. Wow. And they found that almost always it all got knotted up. And this is why if you put your headphones in your pocket

or if you, you know, all that kind of stuff, it always gets tangled, right? Yeah. Basically, their explanation is if you have a cord,

there is only one way that it's not knotted, mathematically. The way that it's not knotted is nothing is over the top of each other. Yeah. Whereas there are

hundreds and thousands of ways that it might be knotted, so it's just much more likely that it'll be in one of those knotted states and one of the not knotted states.

Oh, okay. But that's if it moves, so they haven't really cracked the mystery of when I wrap Christmas lights up in a perfect roll and put them in a box where they stay

motionless for 360 days and then get them out, why are they tangled? Hang on. You only have your Christmas lights up for five days a year. Yeah, all the preparing

for Christmas on a little weekend in France is bullshit. It's a bit life-y, Lena. It's screwed. Because they take two months to un-knock. We don't get them up

until the 2nd of January. Maybe it's tiny earthquakes. Exactly that. Wow. There's always tiny earthquakes, aren't there? Yeah, it must be that. But it does depend

on the length of the cable as well. So if a cable is shorter than 46 centimetres... Which I imagine that is Christmas lights probably are. Put them on a tiny

twig of a tree. But if it's shorter than 46 centimetres, it will rarely, if ever, get knotted. Right. So all you have to do is buy headphone cables

which are shorter than 46 centimetres and ensure that you're constantly holding your phone near your face. The shoelaces get at least 12 mentions in the Bible.

No. No, they don't. Yeah, yeah. No, wrong. It's true. I got this from Ian's shoelace site. And he has a section

called shoelaces as seen in. And you can see he's listed movies where shoelaces appear. And then Jesus's shoelaces came undone. And lo, he tied them in Ian's knot.

Well, yeah. Genesis. I've got one here. Genesis. Wow. And on the 8th day. Can you give us any quotes? Yes.

Give us a chapter and verse. Yes. So Genesis, it's that I would not take a thread or a shoelace or anything that is yours lest you should say I have made a room rich.

OK. Here's possible support for that. OK. Wasn't Earthsy the Iceman who was about 5,500 years ago? He lived then.

His shoes were done up, weren't they? With kind of leather songs. Yeah. With some very rudimentary laces. So it's not inconceivable.

Yeah. Here's one from American King James Version, John 127. Here it is. Who coming after me is preferred before me whose shoelace

I am not worthy to unloose. Oh, yeah. OK. Yeah. All right. Fine. Wow.

Right. We're buying it. Didn't think that was going to work. See, Ian. He knows his stuff. He does. Hey, if I say the phrase

I like your shoelaces to you, what is the appropriate response? Oh, thank you, Ian. May I say your knot has made all the difference in the

world to me. Is that it? It's not. It is. Thanks. I stole them from the president. OK.

Does that ring any bells with you? It didn't for me, and I wonder if I'm being sort of internet illiterate. Well, it feels to me like it's a thing that you might

say to prove you're a spy. So... Like if you're reading a newspaper in a park and someone said, I like your shoelaces, I like that response. Yeah.

And they would know you were a spy. It's very close. It's what people who use Tumblr say, to detect that another Tumblr user in the real world.

So you... It's a code that they all know to say, I like your shoelaces. Well, you've just spoiled it now. No, because they all know it. Yeah, but now everyone

else knows it. There used to be the Dennis Amenis fan club from the Beano used to have a secret thing that you would say to people. I was a member of that.

Do you remember the secret code? No, I don't. Oh, no, you weren't a real member. Oh, God. You were one of the fake members.

They used to bob you off. Yeah. Well, your parents had just been doing up a letter every week from Dennis Amenis to you. Do you know where Sandra was?

I'm not going to say what it is, but if anyone ever sees me in the street and you used to be a member, then I still know it. Wow. See, James knows how to keep a secret, then.

So you know the extra hole on a shoelace. So you know when you often type a shoelace? Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. So you often type the shoes.

Yeah. And there's kind of an, you get to the top and then there's an extra hole kind of just behind that, often slightly lower, especially walking boots, you get this. And so usually I just don't

do anything with it. The purpose of it is for preventing blisters. So what you do is you tie all your shoelaces up to the top like normal and then you keep your shoelace on the same side and thread it through that

next hole to create a loop. And you do that on both sides. And then you weave the shoelaces on opposite sides through the loops you've created. And this tightens it around your ankle and stops you from

getting blisters. That's great. Yeah. Look up a vid. It's simple and effective. That's what they would teach you that when you're in scouts.

Would they? Yeah. Would they? Good. I'm really giving away a lot about my childhood here. Yeah. But they never taught me.

Did they not? No. No, you weren't really a scout. Well. Your parents just said you were less of a bade and power everywhere.

Yeah, that's right. You don't understand. OK. It's time for fact number three. And that is Andy. My fact is that Nelson's ship, HMS Victory, nearly didn't get out of the

dock it was built in because it was too big. It was a classic mistake. They thought we're going to build this fantastic big ship. And they built it. And the night before the launch,

the dockyard foreman looked at it and he thought, I wonder if it's too big. And he measured the ship at its widest point. And then he measured the dock and he found his horror. And he thought,

I wonder if it's too big. And he measured the ship at its widest point. And then he measured the dock and he found his horror. It was nine and a half inches wider than the dock. It's a rookie era.

It's a rookie. I look complete amateurism. And so it like, he told his boss who apparently fell into despair. I said, what are we going to do? The ship will get stuck if we

try and launch it. It'll be massively embarrassing. And then the shipwrights and the carpenters who were working at the dock just, you know, just wore away at the dock's timbers and removed bits and

they managed to save that crucial, you know, they must have removed about a foot. So it got through. But imagine it would have had about

a couple of inches on either side. Yeah. So exciting. I read that his boss was called John Allen. And he was already suffering from violence and frequent attacks of a bilious disorder

in his bowels. Oh, no. And this could not have helped. His brown diamonds will not have been amused. So, you know, I mean, this was said at the time that

Asia Mass Victory nearly didn't make it to the Battle of Trafalgar, but it was launched in 1765, 40 years before. So it probably would have been launched in 1765, 40 years before.

So it probably would have caught up. Well, it was a long way away, wasn't it, from the location? Where did they build it? New Zealand or something. Set off towards the battle

40 years before. This isn't the only time this has happened. So, Isambar Kingdom Brunel built the world's first proper big iron ship. It was the first iron steam

shipped across the Atlantic. It was a massive deal. It was SS Great Britain. And it was built to be a passenger service between Bristol and America. But when it was built, it was built to be a

passenger service between Bristol and America. But when it was built, it was built to be a passenger service between Bristol and America. But when he built it, it was in Bristol docks in

1844. And it got trapped in the lock gates. And I was reading a letter of apology he wrote to people at a meeting he was supposed to be at the next day, saying he wasn't able to

get there because this huge boat he built got trapped because the lock was too small. And he'd been up all night having to dismantle the masonry of the lock in order to get it out.

And that's Brunel who you would have thought knows what he's doing. It must be a thing you just forget to check. That last minute exit door bit. Yeah.

Yeah. I could click because it has happened a lot. There's a different one slightly. This could get out the dock. But have you heard of the Urol?

It was called UR. Urol. Yeah, the Urol. It's a famous ship. I'd not heard of it before. No, but there's a place called the Urol Mountains. Okay.

All right. So this was commissioned in 1989. And it was 265 meters long, 36,000 tons. Basically, it was so large that nowhere was big enough to dock it.

So they had to dock it just to get it out of there. And they had to dock it just to get it out of there. And they had to dock it so they had to dock it just off the harbor and just use it as a place where soldiers

and naval officers could just have as a base and track things and so on. And they've now decommissioned it, but they just couldn't use it. It was too big. And it was supposed to be

because it became basically a barracks, didn't it? But it was supposed to be a huge thing for the Soviet Union. The technology on it was amazing. So it was powered by nuclear reactors.

It was huge, like you said. It had the best in electronics and intelligence. It could see satellites from out of space. It could see any ballistic missiles that might be coming towards it.

It was supposed to be an amazing intelligence-gathering ship that travelled around the world. And yeah, they just built it too big. So HMS Victory, this is quite cool. It was the same age as Nelson,

basically. As in when they had the battle, I think he was 48 and the ship was 47. So not the same age. Not the same age. Yeah, all right. Different years at school.

But when Nelson was... But they would have known each other. Yeah, yeah, yeah. He was big sister. When Nelson was born, was he too large to fit out of the perfect hour?

They had to physically dismantle him. Oh, God. But this is really cool. So three years before the battle, right? He went around the Forest of Deem, which provided all the wood

for the, you know, the Napoleonic Navy. And it was 6,000 trees. And he was appalled at what he found, right? Because loads of the forest was unavailable. Timber merchants were saying,

no, you can't have this bit. And lots of the rest of it had been kind of ruined by charcoal burners. And Nelson said, Parliament should plant lots of new forest, right? And a few years after he died in

Trafalgar, they did plant a load of new forest. And two of the oaks planted during that ship building tree planting drive, provided raw material to restore HMS Victory. 200 years later.

Oh, that's so nice. How cool is that? Yeah, that's very cool. Do you know how it got its name? The name Victory. Yeah, Victory. Was it not named until after the Battle of Trafalgar?

It was just named Brown. Was it named in a massive act of hubris? It was named, they say, potentially, because I think it's not fully known to commemorate the victories that were happening in the year of 1759, which were a lot.

And they called that year the Year of Miracles. Annus Mirabilis, if I'm pronouncing that correctly, it's the Year of Miracles. But I suspect it was the other thing because on the article it says, or it may have been chosen simply

because out of the seven names shortlisted, Victory was the only one that was not in use. So the other six were already massive ship names. Right. Should be the ship face. It was already.

The Battle of Trafalgar was obviously very heated. That's an understatement, but Nelson was shot at the height of the battle and his ship was tangled with a French ship, I think, maybe a Spanish one, and there were snipers in the rigging of that ship shooting

people on deck. But listen to this. So Nelson, it seems like he really had a death wish because he was walking up and down on deck in spite of that. He was dictating to his secretary who was called Scott at the time. Scott got blasted in half

by a cannonball. OK, so Nelson's assistants quickly pick up his body and they throw him overboard. Nelson's response is just to say, is that poor Scott? If you get hit by a cannonball, it could literally cut you in half.

If a cannonball is fired at, yeah, I mean, that's a huge heavy lump of metal traveling at hundreds of miles an hour. I'm not saying that it couldn't kill you, but I thought it would splatter you rather than just cut you like literally in half. Well, maybe he was almost cut in two.

I don't know. It probably wasn't a clean cut. I can't even say that. It's like a guillotine. No. So anyway, Scott is no longer available for secretarial duties to put it mildly.

So then the next person to replace him is called Thomas Whipple. He arrives on deck. He probably continues dictating to him. Then Whipple dies almost immediately because a cannonball doesn't hit him, but it passes him and it's believed he was killed by the shockwave from.

Whoa. Whipple, pull yourself together. I know. And this is what Nelson was just walking up and down in unconcernedly and eventually, you know, he was hit. Poor old Whipple. Because he would be nervous having

probably witnessed what just happened to your predecessor. In 2005, that was a big anniversary of Trafalgar. And it included a fireworks display which used the same amount of gunpowder that HMS Victory used in the battle of Trafalgar.

Wow. How cool is that? And so how much was that? I think it was about 12 tonnes. Cool. That might be wrong. And there was also a naval battle reenactment, right?

But they didn't say these are the British ships and these are the French because they didn't want to annoy the French. Because relations are quite good and they don't want to say, ha, ha, we beat you. So they just said, it was a reenactment of a sort of naval

battle that would have taken place at that time. I think it's very considerate. Yeah. I don't have a lot of sympathy for the political correctness God mad phrase, but that really does feel like.

And they also featured a simulation of the death of Nelson, where Nelson was played by Alex Naylor, who is described in the newspaper accounts at the time as a professional Nelson look-alike. Wow. Were they not allowed to simulate

that he actually died in case it offended dead people? Well, they weren't actually allowed to kill Alex Naylor. No, I think political correctness has not gone far enough. I want to see the guy who played Scott.

I mean, there can't be much work for a professional Nelson look-alike. No, I didn't look up if he's still working or still doing it, but I'm sure it's a sideline. It's weird, you know, in Covent Garden when you see the people being statues that you don't ever see that, of

someone being... You do, but he's on a massive column so you don't see that. You don't see that. You don't see that. You don't see that. You don't see that. You don't see that.

He's on a massive column so you don't see that. He's been holding that strong. Sorry, this is my spot. The guy is hogging that plin. Okay, it is time for a final fact to the show, and that is James. Okay, my fat this week is that in a

chocolate hobnob... Can you check Urban Dixie for that? My fact is that in a chocolate hobnob, the chocolate is on the bottom. I don't know if hobnobs are international. Are they all over the world? Are they in America and Australia? I can't remember.

I suspect the mostly British. It's a chocolate biscuit, a hobnob. No, a hobnob is like an oat biscuit, and they have chocolate hobnobs which are oat biscuits with chocolate on them, and most normal people would probably assume that the chocolate was on the top. It was only on one side.

But then someone posted a picture on Facebook and asked McVitie's who make these biscuits which side is the chocolate on the top or the bottom, and they said we take our hobnobs and we dip them in a pool of chocolate, and so that means that the chocolate is on the bottom.

They actually say reservoir of chocolate, and they use it a lot, and I've been googling reservoir of chocolate and I can't find... That's inaccurate though because you don't produce chocolate by waiting for it to fall from the sky and then storing it for years as you do with the water reservoir.

So it should be a pool. Maybe they do. Well, but then can we trust them about this up-down situation? Because actually reservoir does imply reserving something. A reservoir of water is something where you're keeping the water there for when

you need it, right? Whereas the chocolate, I imagine, they probably change it pretty much every day. I would hope so. But here's my controversial hot take on the packet of chocolate hobnobs. They clearly depict a hobnob

with the biscuit side facing down and the chocolate side facing up. So either they are lying... Or you've got your packet upside down. And all the words should be... Either all the words should be upside down or the biscuit should be the other way up. Yeah, maybe they're showing the biscuit

upside down on the... Why would you do that? But it's their decision, right? It's their decision. It's up to them. Basically, we're going on what McVitie say and it's their product. So they're allowed to say what they want.

And they say it's on the bottom, so it's on the bottom. And it's all their chocolate biscuits, isn't it, that they dip? Well, here's another bit of evidence. Even we could hear the inverted quotes around the word evidence there. If you take a digestive biscuit,

they're not called digestive biscuits in America, are they? Because they don't help your digestion. I can't remember what they're called over there. But they're just basically biscuits. The top is rounded and has a McVitie's logo on, and the bottom has kind of crisscross on it. And then when you have a chocolate digestive,

it's the crisscross bit which has got the chocolate on it. So that, it's much more clear that it's the bottom. Oh, yeah. That's a really good point. Yeah. But if I saw someone eating a chocolate hobnob upside down, and when I say that, I mean, with the chocolate side on the bottom,

I would think they were mad. Yeah. Because now whenever I see anyone eating a chocolate hobnob the other way around, I'm going to go, excuse me. Sorry to that upside down. But for, again, for overseas listeners, the sort of... Who have switched off a long time ago.

But sort of the massiveness of this news in this country, I told my wife this morning, and she... And you're now divorced. Yeah, she couldn't believe it. She said, yeah, she said, how dare you. You slapped me and walked away. It's big news. It's kind of like in America when...

And we said this on the podcast a long time ago. Someone wrote to Nike to say, is it Nike or Nike? And the owner came back and said, it's Nike. And everyone was like, what? We've been saying Nike for years. And it's just a confirmation thing, but it's massive here. I wonder how much control they have over it. Once it goes out into the world,

you don't get to choose how people pronounce a word. That's true. Yeah. And you don't get to choose how people eat hobnob. No, yeah. Thank God. But you do get to choose what your official answer is. Yeah, but you also get to choose how you depict it on the packet.

If they really were committing to this. But it looks like they would put an upside down... They would put a hobnob on the packet the other way up. But then you wouldn't be able to see the chocolate very well. Oh, yeah. It would just look like a normal brown. But yeah, I think the reason that they show it upside down is so that you can see that it's a chocolatey one and not a normal one.

That's a really good point. That's such a good point. Otherwise, you'd just be buying digestive biscuits thinking, in the hope, there might be some chocolate underneath. There's the word chocolate on the packet. What further proof do you need? Well, in that case, it says biscuit on the packet. Why do you even need a picture?

Yeah. Why doesn't all of our packaging of all of our things just have an explanation of what everything is? In fact, they're sold in flat packets where they're all on their edge. So this is a nonsense. That's the correct way up to use a hobnob. It's time on its edge vertically.

Put it vertically into your mouth. You have to put your head sideways to eat it. I was looking into McVitie's. Oh, yeah. Yeah. McVitie's been around for a very long time. McVitie's made the wedding cake for Queen Elizabeth and Philip's wedding.

Did they? Yeah. McVitie's provided the official wedding cake. Everyone said it was upside down, but now they had the little squashed brighter group underneath. But interestingly, they actually had 12 wedding cakes in total. They had the official one, which was made by McVitie's,

but this was 1947. There was a lot of rations going on at the time. 11 cakes were donated by different countries from around the world to say, you probably can't afford your own cake because of the rationing that's going... Wow. All the impoverished Commonwealth countries

scripting a saving to make a cake just so they could deliver a sick burn. Yeah, so they would send ingredients. Sorry for sending all the marbles and all our treasures for the last 100 years. Yeah. You probably can't afford your own cake. But yeah, it's weird.

It says the official cake was made using ingredients given as a wedding gift by Australian Girl Guides. I don't know if that means then McVitie's turned that into a cake or if McVitie's wasn't the official official. But yeah. You know, the main cake was six feet tall. Was it? McVitie's one, presumably.

Yes. And it had a metal knight on a horse on top of it. Did it? Pretty cool cake. Just one more thing. Prince William's wedding, 2011, his groom's cake for his wedding was 1,700 McVitie's Rich Tea Biscuits.

Oh, a terrible choice. Yeah, it was made from those. It wasn't like them stacked on each other. It was, I guess, crumbed up and used. But it was a McVitie's cake as well. So that's two of the British royals who've had wedding cakes from McVitie's. You know the guy who actually knew this from this year?

The guy who invented a lot of chocolate biscuits, died recently. He died at age 81. It was last month. And apparently he created Cheddar's, Mini Cheddar's, and he created Cracker Wheat, and he created Hobnobs.

And he worked for Meredith and Drew, which became United Biscuits, which are the company that owned McVitie's, in 1960. And he invented a whole bunch of recipes. And apparently people who worked at the company would just write down these recipes and then they'd shove them in a box somewhere.

And years after he left the company, they were running out of ideas and they went through his recipes and they made all these biscuits. The word hobnob used to mean to toast each other with drinks. It's in Twelfth Night. Yeah, that's its first mention, isn't it?

Yeah, first mention Twelfth Night. I saw this on the Inky Fool blog by a friend of ours called Mark Forsythe. And he said that the first record is in Twelfth Night, where an angry jewelist is described as hobnob is his word, gift or taked. And hobnob meant to give or take.

It's like, you know, positive or negative, plus or minus, give and take. Hobnob. Hobnob. Hobnob meant to have and knob meant to not have. Makes sense. Oh, really? To have and have knob.

And they're derived from ship's biscuits, which would have been used at the Battle of Trafalgar to eat. But ship's biscuits, they were kind of designed to be unbreakably hard. You had to dunk them to get them soft enough to eat. Yeah. And even if you did dunk them sometimes,

because biscuit means twice cooked. It's from the, I think, the French or probably originally Latin bisque, I mean, twice cooked. To make them hard. Yeah. To bake them twice. But some ship's biscuits were baked four times for a really long voyage

if you needed really tough food. I was reading, actually, I found an old book which was talking about the process of making naval biscuits. So this is a book from 1815, which was describing this guy who went to a biscuit factory. What was a biscuit factory then? And he described the mass production of biscuits,

which involved five men around the oven and involved lots of tossing lumps of dough to each other and then getting it exactly on the peel, which was the big plate at the right time. But the first thing that had to happen was the dough had to be kneaded. And the way the dough was kneaded was, it's placed on top of a piece of machinery called a horse,

and a man literally rides the horse up and down until the dough is sufficiently kneaded. Wait a minute. So where is the dough? Is the dough in between his bottom and the horse? No. Or is it? The dough is in between the horse and the table.

Oh, okay. But he needs to get on the horse in order to move it about. Right, I see. Because I was thinking about how, like, the Huns used to tenderize their meat by putting it in their trousers and then riding all day, and then by the end of the day it was tender.

And I was wondering if these biscuits were made in the same way. The Hobnobs were named by John Murphy. They were going to be called Old Crunchies before that. And he has a history of naming things. He named British Telecom, Prozac, and Homebase. He's a professional name of things. That's just his job. He just goes and...

Yeah, he saw a kind of gap in the market of when people were naming new companies and he's like, I can do that. They're just all the things you need to lead a happy life, aren't they, those little things? What, BT, Homebase, and Prozac? Yeah, and Hobnobs. He says when it comes to naming, it's in thirds.

One third is strategy, one third is creative, and the final third is checking that the name is available. And he also invented, I don't know if we've mentioned this before, cello scrotum. Do you remember that? No. So cello scrotum was a condition, a medical condition, that cellists got and apparently rubbed against your scrotum when you played the cello, presumably you played it wrong.

But he said that. I forgot the cello, just brought the book. He wrote to a newspaper, actually to the BMJ, to the British Medical Journal, saying that he was a doctor and that he'd come up with this thing called cello scrotum and a lot of cellists were getting it. But actually it was a trick and he was trying to make fun of the fact that all of these, like, housemaids' knee

and golfer's elbow and all these kind of things were kind of taken on and he was trying to make fun of it. Oh, so it wasn't real. It wasn't real. I think most cellists, this is a generalization, are women. Sure. So if you've got the cello scrotum, you really have been playing it wrong.

In April last year, five men were imprisoned for stealing a trailer with £20,000 worth of biscuits in it. Wow. That was the street value of the biscuits. The production value was £12,000. OK. But they nicked the trailer and it was found abandoned without the biscuits in it.

Really? I don't think the biscuits were recovered. And so they eventually omitted theft, these five men. They were sentenced, each of them, to between 16 and 44 months. And as they were sentenced, one of them shouted, would you like a biscuit? That's great. Did the judge at any point say they absolutely took the biscuit?

No, I don't know. OK, that's it. That's all of our facts. Thank you so much for listening. If you'd like to get in contact with any of us about the things that we have said over the course of this podcast, we can be found on our Twitter accounts. I'm on at Shriverland, James.

At Egg Shaped, Andy. At Andrew Hunter M. And Anna. You can email podcast at qi.com. Yep. Or you can go to our group account, which is at qipodcast. Or you can go to our website. No such thing as a fish.com.

We've got all of our previous episodes up there. We've also got a link to our tour coming up this October and November. We'll see you again next week. Goodbye. Thank you.