Sawbones: A Marital Tour of Misguided Medicine - Sawbones: Hepatitis A

Episode Date: May 19, 2018

East Coast fast food restaurants have been plagued recently by Hepatitis A scares. This week, live from the Columbus Podcast Festival, Justin and Dr. Sydnee take you behind the history of the disease. Music: "Medicines" by The Taxpayers

Saubones is a show about medical history and nothing the hosts say should be taken as medical advice or opinion It's for fun. Can't you just have fun for an hour and not try to diagnose your mystery boil? We think you've earned it. Just sit back, relax, and enjoy a moment of distraction from that weird growth. Your worth it. Hello, everybody welcome to Solboons, Maryland, We're a Miss Guy in Medicine. I'm your co-host Justin McAroy. And I'm Sydney McAroy. Yeah. Before we came out, our daughter, Charlie, insisted that I sit at the pink mic, and we're supposed to sit in the middle.

So that was what that was all about. So I had to move the windscreens. That's all. It's not a big deal. It probably seemed weird to y'all, but, yeah. So it was like whatever. Well, she clarified several times before we left. Daddy, will you please let mommy sit at the pink mic, please.

I didn't have the heart to tell it was red, for sure. Yeah, I'm looking at it's red. It's OK. She's not out there yet. Hey, everybody. Yeah, I'm looking at it's red. It's OK. Is she not out there yet? Hey, everybody. Hi, Columbus. How are you? It's good to see you again.

Oh, H. Thank you very much. See, I know about sports. It's kind of my thing. Learning that from my dad last week. And now I'm doing it all the time. In lots of places that aren't here, it does not go anywhere, really. It's kind of a conversational debt in, especially one-on-one.

That's the thing. You're at the bank with a loan officer and they're like, is there anything else? And you're like, oh, H. And they're like, Mr. McAroy, I don't understand. Sorry for the delay. I had to feed. Well, he didn't understand. Sorry for the delay we had a we had to I had to feed well he didn't help I had to feed our daughter very quickly our three-month-old. Yeah so hey. Quick boobing break everything's good now. So what are we talking about

this week's head? Well so I'm sorry Ohio but you may have heard that closing in all around you in West Virginia, in Kentucky, in Indiana, in Michigan, all around hepatitis A is coming. But not here yet. Yes. So we are your frontline protection against hepatitis A. This far no farther. You all realize that right? Like you are surrounded.

It's if you do a round. It's coming with darts. It looks bad for you, currently. Like the wall is all around you. And the white walkers, I guess, I don't know, any Taylor back out here. They're like pounding at the wall. Like the hepatitis walkers are like, let us in.

So of course, everybody's favorite topic. We're gonna try what hepatitis today. A to be specific. There have been outbreaks really close, you guys. Really close to us, too. Yeah, at Taco Bell. Like 45 minutes from us. And they're at Taco Bells, which is like,

oh, a two, a two Taco Bell? Yeah. Like 45 minutes from us. And they're at Taco Bells, which is like, oh, a two? A two Taco Bell? Yeah. A little close to home. And the most recent, like, the estimated, like, well, the employee was probably working here for like 11 days before we figured it out. That's a lot of 4am runs to Taco Bell 11 days.

And they've said in the news that like, they don't think it's necessary to alert people who ate at that Taco Bell, 11 days. And they've said in the news that they don't think it's necessary to alert people who ate at that Taco Bell. And it's like, hey, in case I did eat that Taco Bell, why don't you go ahead and alert me. And I will set my own alertness level dependent on my own sort of personal panic attack readiness, which is always at red.

own sort of personal panic attack readiness, which is always at red. So Justin, do you know much about hepatitis? Not a thing. They're different kinds of hepatitis, and so that's why I think it's useful. We're just going to focus on hepatitis A, which if you care about this kind of thing, is a pachorno virus. Most people are like, just a kind of virus. Okay, it's a kind of virus. Kind of virus.

And it is transmitted from human to human to my favorite route. Oh yeah. The fecal oral route, I was waiting for everybody. They've made the right choice. So in case I need to clarify what that means, is that if you have had the kind of say, it comes out, you know, in your poop, and then you, you know, clean yourself up, and if you don't wash properly, and then you shake somebody's hand or you make their tacos. It's indirectly eating someone's dukey.

I mean, do you need me to, um, why are we dancing around this? Let's. That's how, that's how that goes. Got it. Fiko oil. You can also have cases from like contaminated food and water and that kind of thing, but this is what, the most reason out breaks this is what we've worried about because they've been at restaurants and that's scary.

Um, if you get it, the symptoms, you'll get some, some stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, you get diarrhea. And the thing that you would notice, probably the most, is that you can get jaundice, which means you turn yellow, because your liver is inflamed. And so, then you know, like, hmm, something's not right. And it's actually interesting, and younger kids, it's usually asymptomatic. Nothing happens. They get it, they get better, you never knew that they were sick. But the older you get, the more likely you are to have symptoms from it, especially the jaundice, which becomes very prominent as we get older. And in rare cases, you may even need

to be hospitalized with this disease very rarely is it fatal, which is a good thing. You can make it really sick, but most of the time you will get better. That's a good thing. Most of the time. I thought you, isn't like, with Hep C, are you like stuck with it for good? With Hep B and Hep C, yes, there are chronic infections that can happen, but Hep Tide say is just a short-term thing. You get sick, and for the most part you get it. And we won't focus on the people who don't.

This is a comedy podcast. Okay, got it. Bianca choice. Excellent. Now, and as you mentioned, there are other kinds of viral hepatitis, and all hepatitis means is inflammation of the liver. So there are different viruses that can cause inflammation of the liver. And like you said, they can last for different periods of time, and they're transmitted through

different routes. There's B, and there's C, and there's D, and there's E. No, actually. You don't hear and there's E. No, actually. You don't hear a lot about DNA. No, you don't. But, you know, they're bad, too. I guess. I've very rarely heard someone talk about some good hepatitis

they got. Hey, I got that kind of hepatitis that helps you jump even higher and dunk even better. It's hepatitis D for dunk. Don't even better. It's hepatitis D for dark. Now, as you may imagine, the most obvious symptom of the disease is the jaundice. It's turning yellow. Most people would notice that. So if you go back throughout history to try to find, like how did people diagnose and treat hepatitis A in ancient times, a lot of it is just about jaundice. So there's probably a lot of intermingling, like what were they real,

what kind of jaundice were they really talking about? Was it hepatitis A, was it hepatitis B? We don't really know. So a lot of these ancient treatments I'm focusing on were just for the fact, uh-oh, you turned yellow. Here are some ideas I have. For how to address that. John does also, in a lot of ancient texts, is referred to as Ictorus, which is a reference to a bird that was yellow from Greek mythology, in case you're interested in that.

That's where that comes from. We still use that term today. Judge and Crowns are France. I'm assuming none of you are. And even though they didn't know the different reasons that you might turn yellow, Okay. Judging from his France, I'm assuming none of you are. And even though they didn't know the different reasons that you might turn yellow, Hippocrates did note that if you turned yellow and got diarrhea, you tended to get better. As opposed to not getting diarrhea and that was probably bad.

So we, so it's one of the few times where you're like, oh heck yeah, diarrhea. Yeah, all cool. If you have to turn yellow, let's hope you get diarrhea. That's all I'm saying. As I've mentioned, outbreaks of hepatitis A. I do actually, I will say I do love an excuse to not be far from my toilet. That is, I will say that in favor of diarrhea.

It's like, I know I actually can't tonight. I'd love to come to your son's birthday party, but I do have to stay near my toilet. LAUGHTER And feeling excused, people don't ask for more detail. Yeah. Oh, yeah, yeah. No, yeah, yeah. Diaria, okay.

Okay, man. See you later. There were epidemics in Babylon, ancient China, ancient Greece. And we knew it was contagious long before we understood why. We knew there was some sort of jaundice that was contagious, and we know that because there was a letter from the Pope, Pope Zacharias to St. Boniface in 751 CE,

in which he said, don't serve Holy Communion to people with jaundice until after everybody else gets it, please. Put them at the back of the line because there's something going on and we're spreading it. So I would say maybe stay home until you get better. Thank you. It would be my advice.

Jesus will understand. Yes. He invented diarrhea. Well, his dad did. Fine. He didn't get rid of it though. Well, his dad did. Fine. He didn't get rid of it, though. I don't know where he'd going.

Let's just, just say Jesus is dad and Vittediria. Let's go back to Mother's Days coming up. So Hepatitis. Yep. Plenty of the elder, one of our... Oh, here it goes. Our family friend had a lot of ideas. Really? Roman naturalists and Jack of all trades, master of none.

Can we tell that, wait, you said family friend. Can't tell that story about Riley real quick. For a long time Riley thought that Robin Williams was there when she was born. I have no idea why. No idea why. She just started telling people that. Why, why, why? She just started telling people that.

But we would talk about our family friend Robin Williams, who was there when Riley was born. I handed a god, I don't know, for years. And we fought so hard. It was like Americans level of subterfuge trying to keep this secret from her that Robin Williams was not in fact present at her birth. Family friend, Robin Williams. So...

And then he died the day before Charlie was born. Why did you have to take it there? Why'd you have to go all the way there? Because I wanted to keep it up for Charlie, but like that would have been a stretch. Or like a double stretch. You always say I have to take it to the end. Now he's there when everyone's born. Think about it. Okay.

That's kind of lovely. Let's just, you are, you are, I don't, you have been there. You know? I just think it's kind of sweet actually. You've been down in a dark room with our cream untold for too long. I have, for the past 45 minutes, I've been in a black room holding a sleeping child. I feel like I'm losing my mind. Man, you man.

Plenty had lots of ideas for John Dis. I don't care what his ideas are said. You treat the patient, you win, you lose. Let me start again, you treat the patient, you win, you lose. Let me start again. You treat the disease, you win, you lose. You treat the person, you win every time, patch atoms. Okay. Okay. Okay.

Do you want to know what Pliny did for his son? Please. Go for it. All right, first of all, there's so many of these. First of all, you could try earwax. Okay. Or the filth that adheres to the udders of a sheep. I don't.

I don't. I don't feel God so gritty. It can't be said dirt. Now if it makes it more palatable, you're gonna mix that with some morn, some wine. Nice, smells good. The, hmm, and I'm sorry for this one. I didn't write it.

Plenty did. The ashes of a dog's head mixed with honeyed wine. Or a millipede. You also want to mix that with wine. These are all in wine. There's some earthworms in honeyed wine. Again, wine in which a hens' feet have been washed after being first cleansed with water. Also the hens must have yellow feet.

That's very important. The brains of a partridge or an eagle, whatever is easier for you to obtain. The ashes of a ring doves feather or the intestines, again, either way. And then you wanna mix that with three spoonfuls of wine, again, ashes of sparrows burnt upon twigs in honeyed wine. There's another bird, the one I mentioned earlier, known as the Ictorus, which if you look at it,

you will be cured of your jaundice. That's the one. Okay, listen. Can I use that one? But the bird will die. So... Lots of birds die every day. I don't want to eat dog head ashes.

What's great about all these cures is that the one that stuck was the one where you look at a bird and it dies. That you see repeated over and over again and the thought is that they were mainly just birds that were yellow and that you could look at a yellow bird and you would transfer the jaundice to the bird and the bird would die. Plutarch wrote, the bird appears to attract the disease to itself and a bird sits head and closes its eyes, not as something because it is jealous of the remedy sought, but because it feels wounded as if from a blow.

Then it's got your jaundice. Take that. So in medieval times, there are lots of great recipes. There always are not at the restaurant. They, I mean, they probably are lots of great recipes that always are, not at the restaurant. They probably have lots of great recipes. medieval times probably has great recipes for John Dessberg. They have like giant turkey legs probably. flackens of meat and what have you?

No, I mean, in the actual medieval period, you would treat your John Dess with things like lions' goal. So just get that from a Lyon. No problem. Good luck with that. Well, I'm already, I have hepatitis, so I really feel like fighting a Lyon right now and taking its goal. Or you could, you could swallow nine lice, nine.

Cannot the lice. Nine mixed with ale each morning for a week. I think the ale was just like your swallowing lice. You want to wash it down with something? Throw it in some ale. At the time, a lot of people believed in the doctrine of signatures. We've talked about this before. That's the idea that like here is like, hey, look at that.

What's up? So, you've turned yellow, you need to eat something yellow, all will be well. It does the best for only apathy, right? Yeah. And so, you see a lot of treatments with things like dandelions and fennel and different things that had yellow flowers and just eat that and you'll get better. The same idea is the yellow birds. Hilda Gard of Bingen, who was an abyss that I learned about while researching this topic, and was very excited about her, she studied all kinds of different stuff, medicine and music,

and she wrote The Physica, which was a collection of nine books that talked about the medicinal properties of different plants. And she seemed really cool in ahead of her time. She actually, to cover, this is just a side note, to cover that she had all these really clever ideas and that she was a woman in a time when women weren't supposed to have clever ideas, she just said that all of them were visions she was having from God. And people were willing to accept that,

but they were not willing to accept the idea that she was a woman who had good ideas. So that was just what she said about everything. Well, I was a vision from God and everybody went, we're on it. Now this, this was not one of her best ideas though. So if you have John does, you stun a bat. Don't kill it. Stun it.

OK. By striking it gently. Then you tie it over your loins. Make sure that like the bats back is facing your bat. We're not doing anything naughty. Just tie the bat in front of your loins. Wait a little while and then tie it over your stomach. I don't know what a little while is as long as you can handle that bat on your lines. And then you leave it there until it dies. And then you're going to be fine to this bat that you've stunned.

I am worried about when it wakes up. It is so, it's so wild to me that people in certain parts of history had afternoons where they would stare at the bat on their crotch and wonder if it was dead. Like they would flick the bat on their crotch and be like, hey, you dead yet? Because I would love to take you off. This idea and you see, but there was no TV. What do you want them to do? They were probably jiced to have an activity of some sort. This idea of transferring illnesses to animals, this is not uncommon throughout history. The idea that there's something wrong with you and if you just rub an animal on you or

look at it or something, you can give it to the animal. We humans like to do that a lot. And so in 1611, there's a great treatment for John Dess that Ernest Bergrov recommended. He wrote a medical treatise on John Dess. And among his treatments was, take some blood from the right arm of a patient with John Dess and seal it in two to three chicken eggs with fish glue. I don't know how you're gonna do that. What?

What is fish glue? I don't know what fish glue is. And I don't know how you were gonna open up an egg and put blood in it and reseal it. That's not a delicate operation. I'm seeing people put confetti in eggs. They drain the glue. You gotta blow in.

I saw that on trading spaces. they decorated a room with them. And then you put, what is it? The blood from the patient with hepatitis. Okay, perfect. And then you seal it with fish glue. Fish glue, okay. Then you gotta put them under a hen. Like, find, trick a hen.

You gotta trick the hen. And get the hen to sit on those eggs for two to three weeks. What? I have Jonas now. Two to three weeks. And then you crack them open. And you know what's inside.

And like, it's Kenjiil blood. And you're going to feed that to either a pig or a dog, your choice. Oh, I'm. And they actually recommend you can mix it in with their food if you have to, if you have to. And then once the animal gets sick, you get better. Which is like a really round about way to cure your jaundice. And I mean, by then you're either sad or better, right?

You have a, you're probably better. You did it, the dog did it, he didn't, though, he didn't do anything. He ate your nasty blood egg. It's really interesting. You see that people began to realize that there was some kind of gondis that was different than other kinds, because they started calling it things like epidemic gondis. Because I mean, we usually don't, there were other reasons

that you might turn yellow, other reasons for liver failure that didn't work contagious. But Hepatitis A was, and this became closely tied to military operations. It was actually known as campaign jaundice for a while, because people were in close quarters, sanitation kind of went out the window and war time, and things like Hepatitis A would spread very easily. And so you see lots of cases in the Napoleonic Wars, in the Civil War, and both of the World Wars, which is actually where we started to learn a lot about it.

By the 1900s, we knew that there was some kind of infectious cause. By the 1920s, we knew there was probably a virus responsible, but we didn't know a lot more. World War II is really where we started to figure this out, and it was because it became such a huge problem. 200,000 US soldiers were suffering from hepatitis A in World War II. So that's a lot of sick people.

And even though the vast majority are going to get better, I mean, you can't fight when you're sick. So you're taking people out of the war for a long time. So because of the pressing need to figure it out, that's when we started to make some more breakthroughs. One thing they did notice that was really interesting is that officers were actually more susceptible to hepatitis A than everybody else.

Why is that? Because they thought it was things like the insulated communities, like the officers club, or like, I guess they had like swimming pools that were just for the officers and things like that. And so they were more likely to group closely together for long periods of time. And so the officers were getting sick more often.

I just thought that was very interesting. I wouldn't have thought that. So in order to figure out what was causing all this, they had to start isolating the, whatever the agent was from a patient blood, you know, take it out of their serum and then they had to figure out how to grow it in petri dishes and this is all very hard with viruses, especially at the time. And usually at that point you want to try to like, well, I think this is what's causing it, so I need to infect something

else and see if they get sick. That's kind of how we figure out, are we right or are we on the right track. Well, at the time, we weren't very good at doing any of this with viruses, so the only thing we knew how to do was transfer it from person to person. And the only way we knew how to do that was to take stuff from a human that we thought probably could make another human sick and put it in them. So a series of voluntary human experiments start at this point. Uh-oh. Yeah. These are pretty gross.

I'm just going to warn you. So, if I think that this patient with diarrhea has some sort of virus, and I want to find out what's in there and what will make another person sick, an easy way to do that might be to take some of that diarrhea and put it in another human, which is exactly what people started doing. In 1942, there was a study where volunteers were fed, do wadinal fluid, so that's fluid from the small intestine, from patients with hepatitis, and then some got sick,

and they went, hey, we're on something. Volunteers. Hey, everybody in that study? It's me, Justin Rack from 2018, where we got this off of your doubt. You're nasty. Now, how's that? How's that? You're nasty.

That's the only excuse I get to come up with today. What they were trying to isolate was, is it through blood? Is it through, how is this happening? Like, they're different. We think they're different kinds. So, is it the blood, is it the feces, what is it? So, they started a study in 1944 where they injected serum from infected patients into other people.

And then they also sprayed feces from patients with hepatitis into the nose of volunteers. To see like different kinds. Like you seem to have one kind of jaundice, you get the feces spray, you have different kind, we'll do the serum, and we'll see who gets sick. And it was how they started to figure out the difference between hepatitis A, which as I said,

is spread through the fecal oral route, and hepatitis B and C, which is spread through like blood to blood contact. See now I'm sad they're not making another jackass movie because that would be perfect. They could also do something good which is nice. In 45 they continued these studies, they fed volunteers with feces and serum and then injected serum into the patients. Boy serum is becoming a pretty upsetting euphemism, eh?

It's a serum, link? No, no, it's just like blood. Uh-huh. So it's blood, okay. You know, it's like from blood. Okay, can you read this sentence again, but it's up to blood there in there? Fed volunteers with feces in blood, okay. Okay, yeah, it's like worse, right?

It's like wicked words. They continued, they fed at one point pulled feces from several patients with active hepatitis. I don't know what that was all about. I kept looking at that going, but why do you need so many? But why? What are you proving now? But the one that they used looked like, they were thinking this was what they

started to call serum hepatitis, which was what we eventually knew to be hepatitis B and C. So they fed this stuff to other patients and they didn't get sick. And they were like, hmm, this one is not spread through poop. Sorry about the poop you ate. But good news. You don't have hepatitis. And then they started to, there was actually in 1945,

an outbreak of infectious hepatitis at a summer camp in the polka nose. This worried me because we went there that one time. Indeed. Yeah. So it's fine now. From that, there was this outbreak and so they started taking like serum and feces and like the washing.

You keep seeing serum, smirking that one. What? Feces and like some stuff from inside their nose, like washings from inside their nose. Boogs, like yes. Boogers. And urine, and they started trying to infect a bunch of the people at the camp with it

to try to protect them against it. It was early to try to give you passive immunity to try to give you antibodies. It worked. That's when they started to have a passive immunity, to try to give you antibodies. Did it work? That's when they started to have a breakthrough. They figured out that once you got infectious hepatitis, you had something in your blood that we could give to other people and would keep them from getting hepatitis, which was a major breakthrough.

They just had to do it in a really gross way. The grossest woman are you. I'm trying to go to camp. Can we all just realize? They also figured out where the other kind of hepatitis, not hepatitis A, what they, at the time, referred to as serum hepatitis, which we now know as BNC. They figured out where that was coming from.

It was actually, at the time, soldiers had to get the yellow fever vaccine, and the way that it was prepared was using blood from other patients. And we obviously didn't know how to screen for hepatitis. We didn't know it was a thing. And so we were giving soldiers hepatitis with their yellow fever vaccine,

and so they figured that out. So vaccines really are bad? No. Oh, finally got to the root of it, eh? No, we don't do that anymore. They also were reusing needles, which we don't do anymore. So anyway, they figured all this out.

Because of World War II, they did all these studies, and they finally said, you know what, there's something called hepatitis A, and this is something that we can spread. Was there some first hepatitis? Did they come up with? I mean, we didn't come up with. I'm just saying it was the first hepatitis they found.

Calling it hepatitis A is kind of negative thinking. We found this one. We A is kind of negative thinking. We found this one. We're pretty sure there's other. They already knew there was some kind of epidemic one, and they knew that there was some kind of serum one. And then eventually from that, they figured out B and C and D and E and all that, but those will be other future podcasts.

We won't get into that yet. I'm on the edge of my seat. So from all that ingestion of poop and blood and nasopharyngeal washing, those are bookers, they figured out this out from all those volunteers. Thanks for all the tears. I'm sorry I said you were nasty. And in 1992, we introduced the hepatitis A vaccine.

So that's where all this is leading to is there is hope because there is a vaccine against hepatitis A vaccine. So that's where all this is leading to, is there is hope because there is a vaccine against hepatitis. And since we've introduced that rates of infection in places where we have it have dropped precipitously, specifically in the US, we have a hepatitis A vaccine. Now, if you are around our age, you probably have never had it. How's your Saturday? It is now part of the standard vaccines we give kids,

although they don't have to. In a lot of states, it's not necessary. You don't have to get the HEPA vaccine, but it's rolled in with a lot of childhood hood immunizations, so most kids get protected. Like our daughter has had her HEPA vaccines. Riley got hers. She's fine.

But the only reason I've had mine is because I left the country. So if you left the country, somebody may have recommended to you to get one. And you may have had your series of two vaccines. Otherwise, you probably haven't. So you need to check that out. You have it. Also, there's a huge rush on it,

so you probably won't be able to get it, because everybody's trying to get it now. Well, don't be negative. I'm just saying, city said they're out at her office because I was like, uh, let me get up on that at bay. Because I want to eat my taco bell with like a clean conscience. I know I'm killing myself with it,

but I don't want to do it that fast. Like, So seriously though, it's, it's closing in on you. It completely does the series as I get. The habitat to save vaccine is usually available at the local health department and at your doctor's office. And it's not something you would have standardly been given.

And even though, like I said, it's really rare. The fact that we're having this many cases in the US is really rare. Globally, it is not rare at all. There are about 1.4 million symptomatic cases each year. Cases we actually know about, which means there are probably 114 million cases of infection each year. So it's all over the globe and now coming to a theater near you. So this is actually where we can actually help, right?

Because I bet because none of the headlines are about Taco Bell's in Ohio, the y'all maybe could be ahead of the headlines are about Taco Bell's in Ohio, the y'all maybe could be ahead of the curve. So just tomorrow or probably Monday, just call down and be like, no reason, but I'm just having a silly afternoon and I'm just love to get there. You'll have like 15 minutes or you could just scooch me and I just love to get that vaccine real quick.

No reason though, no, no, no, no reason. It's not Ohio so no reason to like freak out. Because you guys probably have it. In fact, I may like on the way out of town tomorrow be like, we got a little time, I'm gonna get the head pay back, see real quick. That's actually not a bad idea. It's not a bad idea. I did look, find that on Sunday, but. But that's it. That was my last point. Just get vaccinated. Just get vaccinated.

Before we bring our West Virginia. But I just, I mean, we're here to say, we're very sorry about our West Virginia side. That we created. Thank you so much for coming out. And thank you to the Column was Puck, and it's stressful for having us spread there. Thank you, Robbous out. And thank you to the Column Most Podcast, Festival for having us spread there. Yeah, thank you, Robbis again.

Just wonderful event. Woo! Woo! Woo! Um, thank you to Quarter Pointed and still buffering to great podcasts. You should all be listening to, of course, obviously. Woo!

Woo! Woo! Thanks to Max Fun for having us as part as their extended podcasting family. You can find so many great shows at MaximumFun.org. Oh, we got a book coming out. We got a bit.ly-forthslash-salbonesbook. Words by me and her and pictures by Taylor.

Smirl, who you saw earlier. She drew the pictures and that's it. It's just the three of us making a whole book. It's so many pages to fill, but it'll be out in October. that you saw earlier. She drew the pictures and that's it. It's just the three of us making a whole book. It's so many pages to fill, but it'll be out in October, and you can pre-order it now, and that would be wonderful. You would do so. Sydney, do you have anything else? No, that's it. Thank you.

Thanks to this taxpayer for the use of their tongue medicines as the intro and outro program. And thank you to you for coming, and thank you to you for listening in the future We'll be back with you next week, but until then my name is Justin McRoy. I'm Sydney McRoy and as kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, I'm just kidding, All right! Maximumfund.org Comedy and Culture Artistone Listen or supported