Simple Swedish Podcast - #296 - Svarta hål - Intressanta fakta på lätt svenska

Episode Date: September 22, 2025

Visste du att svarta hål har så stark gravitation att inte ens ljus kan komma därifrån? Att de föds när gigantiska stjärnor dör? Att teorin om dem kom redan 1915? I det här avsnittet får du veta allt om dessa mystiska himlakroppar! Transkript Hallå hallå! Välkommen till Simple Swedish Podcast! Jag har en ny mikrofon, så jag hoppas att ljudet är bra. Ja, den sitter här. Idag ska vi prata om någonting jag tycker är väldigt, väldigt intressant och. fascinerande och det är svarta hål! Svarta hål, alltså den här typen av himlakropp som finns ute i rymden. Men innan vi börjar ska jag såklart tacka några nya patrons. Det är Veronika, Chinur, Thanh Hung, Lee, Tatiana, Hawa, Xiaoyu och Anne-Marie. Så tack till er för att ni stödjer den här podden. Så, vad är ett svart hål? Ja, som sagt, ett svart hål är en sorts himlakropp. En himlakropp är en, ja. vad som helst ute i rymden. En stjärna, en planet, en komet och liknande. Så det är himlakroppar. Och ett svart hål är en sorts himlakropp. Och det som är speciellt med svarta hål. Okej, det finns många saker som är speciella med svarta hål. Och vi ska gå igenom dem. Det här avsnittet kanske blir lite långt. för att det finns många intressanta saker med svarta hål. Men det som kanske är mest... Definitionen är att det är ett område i rymden där gravitationen är så stark att ingenting kan komma därifrån. ingenting alltså, inte ens ljus. Okej? Det är därför det heter ett svart hål. För det är som att du, om du är ute i rymden och det blir liksom som att du faller ner i ett hål, om du skulle åka in i ett svart hål. För du kan ju tänka dig ett hål i golvet, alltså det är ju ett tvådimensionellt hål, du faller ner i ett hål i golvet eller i marken. Men det här är ett tredimensionellt hål, så att säga, så att du faller in från alla vinklar. eftersom ljus inte kan komma därifrån så ser det svart ut helt enkelt. Så det är helt enkelt ett svart hål i rymden. ...för hela transkriptet, klicka här

Hello, welcome to Simple Swedish podcast. And I have a new microphone, so I hopeas that the loudet is good. Well, it's sitting here. So, and today, we're talking about something I think is. very, very, very, interesting and fascinering. And it is swarta hole. Swartahole, all so the kind of hymla-crop that is

out in the rinden. But, inan we begin, I so-clart tacka some new patrons. It is Veronica, Chinor, Tang Hong, Li, Tatyana, Hawa, Xiaoyu, and Anne-Marie. So, thank to you for that you stodger this pod. So, what is a black hole? Yeah, as said, a swart hole is a sort of hymla-crop. A hymla-a-a-a-a-a-hrop is a, a-ha-som-helfthes out-of-rymden.

A-sherna, a planet, a comet, and like-nand-a-l-l-l-l. So, it is a hivlap-a-l-a-l. And what is special with swartha-holt, okay, there are many things that are special-ma-hull, and we go them this this is quite little

for that there is many many interesting things with swartah hole but

what what is most definition definition is that it is a omrode

in the roomden where gravitation is so stark that that anything

can come therein. In't anything, and not even use okay? It's therefore it's a

black hole for it's like if you, if you are out in the

and it will be like that you fall in a hole if you could

go in in a swat hole. You can you can you a hole in gold. It is a two-dimensional hole. You fall near in a hole in

the ground. But this is a three-dimensional hole, so to say. So, you fall in from all the vinkler. and after some, after some, after from, so it's dark out, so it is a black hole in the rindon. And this is from the beginning, based on Einstein's relativity theory.

and the and the sickaigne's is that it's was 1515 so it's very long since and then and then

and it's still very much and theorin on the swartahole came actually just just just just

more after that Einstein published in a relativitist theory, 1915. And an

thing that relativity theory is that gravitation styr universe, so gravitation on work

and, control, the universeum very much. So, to example, if we have, if we

have very a big object, so croaker them both room and time. Crouker, it means that you, like, like, as something is raked, and so boughed it, or you're not rucked it, so that it is not raked, then have you've got it, and and stowa tugger roomtiden, in lightenstead's relativity theory. And, yeah, so, and one thing that that's, so, and one thing that

there's gravitation is so and store, that they croaker roomtiden very very much. Rumptiden is a sort of a sort of

not just not just, so we talk about four dimensions. It will be little abstract to talk on time and room as in one

but when when you're about universum and so many here so, so it's less abstract in all the fall for us who not are a foreshare

on this. And as said a black hole has so stark gravitation that anything can come therein from and it's then

a for where there there's no also if you if you passer this here this can

anything come there from and that the grinsen call us for handelsehorisont and

it is if you are completely if you if you could look at a swart hole so

you see then, then, then, then the, so called us the horizon. When we talk about the stonleaken on a swart hole, so we're talking about handelsohorisonten. And what is so sick with that, after some anything can come out, not even use, so we we don't what there in there we don't

and how mass we don't how physical how physics lagas functioner there

in for that we can not study it and we yeah

it's a a stort mystery what that what that what's after after you

passer horizonten. And as a swart a lot has very great mass and it does that

it croker roomtiden so it it croker both time and

room which is completely so and one thing that is, is, the, the, the, the, the, the, the, and the same thing is, and the same thing. So, and if I'm going in in a

swart hole, then you look at me, then see it out as I'm going to walker longerer and and then, and then, and then, on the horizon, so I'll freeze fast. Okay? If you see an object that's going in

in in a swart hole, so come it go and longsammer and then, on the horizon, so just stannar the objectet and feider out. For it's

not there, there, it it's going to go through the horizon horizon, but you can not see it, and what you see is that object it's just stannar, and fade out.

Yeah, a little shooct, and an another interesting thing is that after you passer the hendelserisonten so, it will

gravitationen so much so so fast that your footter, say that you're going to go ahead with footer first so,

your footter will be more of gravitation than your head, so that you come to draw as out as a

spaghetti, and there's, there is like a outry that you're is spaghettifiered, also a little a big thing, just for that the difference in gravitation is so

so short on so short of-stombed. And something that the most know about the swarthole is that they can suga in material and vexed. So, um, so, um, it's swerth hole

sues in se, uh, ate up, also, uh, material, so comes it to vexa. And with to vexa, also, it means that massan will more, and the hendelsohorsonten, for a a bigger diameter. for as said, when we talk about the

how stork is, how a small hole is, then we're about handelsohorisomten. For, in there, so we don't know what that's there's, how it see out, which

laws, which physical lagas that are massan, on one place, is massan, is a point? is it a singularity we, we don't

really, for that clearly so it's not not matematical to for to how it see out in in a swart hole

but even if they suger in a mass, so are they generally quite small. So,

So, if we have a a small hole with same mass as the sun, solen is very strong, okay? But, after some a swart hole has, is so compact

so, so would that the swarthe hole is 20 kilometers in diameter. So, not just are they osynical for that they not light, but they are also relatively small. 20 kilometers, it is you anything in the room.

You can think of, if the jordan would be a black hole. So if we have a swart hole With yodens Massa Then, then It's the swartalet Was like stort As a football

Okay So So even If a A black hole has a So is it not specifically

a lot. and for I had, I had, I have long like, but would it not everything sugas in of a black hole no-gongong? Also, it would it not the swartthole, like, eat up all stars and galaxies to the end.

But, clearly, is it not so for that they are are quite small and they're are quite ensamma so there's not so much around these these are the swart hole.

And how felds a black hole? How it will be it till? How upcomer a black hole?

So it's a quite interesting question so So, a A swat hole be till when a very, very strong

star do. So, if we take our solar, to example,

so the solen is maybe a medel-stor shirna and when the solar

for slut on when it not longer has brensle, that, that, like, to get new energy.

Then, then, at to die. And when an starna who has same stoleck as the solar

does, then shuts the ytre-lagret out, also, it the ytre lagret

that, like, shuders out and the inner cairnan collapses to a so-called white dwerg a white dwerg is a quite compact so rest of

a shirna in its stolleaken then there if an starna is a little stillre, a little a little stronger when it's a little bit more

then there collapse and that it will be a very very very crafty explosion and that explosion call we for a supernova. Simtidit it comes

the chernan, also the innerst in the starna, and the shirn, it comes to collapse, because of that gravitation is so stark, for that we're talking about

a, so that gravitation is so stark, so that it collapses in, and it collapses so much, so that it will be to an so-called neutron starna. And a neutron starna is a

kind of a humanacrop because it bestore about neutroner also it bestore not even of atomer but it has

collapsed so much that at atomer have like lost up and it is just

there are still there and a neutron sherna is very very compact It's difficult, how compact, a neutron starna is. I see that I said a little bit fell

when I said that a black hole that has solens mass will just 20 kilometers in diameter. but I talked about neutron-sharner there so if we have a neutron-sherna that is two-gonger solens mass then will be about 20 kilometers in diameter

and if a neutron-sherna would have jordens mass so it would be like big as a football so that is neutron-shernan okay? For it's even sicker is if we have an even stronger

for if we have an end up a starna that when it collapse when it when it does for that it for a slut for breathesley and collapse so so is collapsen

gravitationen so stark that it just just that it just to collapse and it collapses in to a a swat hole. And it isstallet for to explode. For that gravitation is so so that it just continues to collapse and collapse and imploder

and blurtes and blurted. And here are stilllequharer even shuker. For if we have a, a swart hole that is same mass as the solen, then, then the horizon will be 3 km in diameter. If we have a swart hole that has same mass

as the yorking, so it would be 9mm in diameter. So, it's very very sicker things we talk about here I, I'd say.

So, there we're compact. Okay, so, and so, and so There's there, the swartahole, so called for supermassive swartahole, and it is swartahole

who can't have millions, million, millions of the solar. So, a vanly swath hole, can't have some over gonger massan of the sun, but a supermassive swart hole has, like,

more millions, times, massan of the the solar. And it's actually supermassive swartahole in

middle of all galaxies. And, inclusive in Wintergatan. So Wintergatan is the Swedish name on our galaxy.

A quite name, like I, like, little bit more than mjolkwagon, wintergatan, also. So here we have also a swart hole in the middle of galaxen, but, clearly, so is it, no fara. We are safe, we will not be up-atna of the swarta hoolet. And, yeah, just for that, even if it is supermassiv-svart hole and very so is it's still relatively little in

with the in the room. And then one thing that I think is quite interesting is the theory on mask-hull. For there is a theory

that so-clart also are basered on Einstein's relativity theory. And that is that that, it can't, it can't is possible to go through a swart hole and come out on an other place, and not just an another place, but also an another time.

And that it would be as a slacks tunnel between two swartha-holt, where one place, and one time, and the other is on an other time, and that you're theoretically could be able to resa from the one place and slash tidepuncten to an other. And it is, typically, mathematically, much, but you have not yeteded enough direct bevis for that mask-hull but if you have seen the film interstellar

a very cool film think I so there reser them you through a mask-hull and there can you see that it is like an a clot

a ball and not a hole and it is you whole actually And then, an, an last interesting thing that I want to say about the swartha hole is that there came a theory, niliguan, on that, that, that our universe, can't exister in a in a swat hole

and why why it can't be so? Jo, for that just as the swarter hole so has our universeum an horizon it is a horizon

there that is as a ground for information. So we can not see from the and the horizontal and it is in

the swarthahole there is a linear equation for between mass and horizon and horisonten

and the hendelssohorsonten and if you look on if you if you're if you're

mass and the smallleak on the the swarthe holet, and massan, and the fullleaken on the universe, so horizontal, so matcher them exactly with one other. And I can, toover not forklara this better than so here, but it matches, so, equation, the equation between mass and horizon, um, between swartal and our universe, and

Enliate Einstein's relativity theory again so, in in a black hole so opens it up a new roomtide.

So you, you lemaner this here roomtiden, also time and room, and so you're in in in a new roomtide.

And so, the old universeum takes And a new universeum Upner up to see And can it then That our universeum is A sort of universeum That up for me Inne in a swart hole

Yeah It does, it does, it begin I'm going to think when you're trying on these things but yeah it is very very interesting and I am very

fascinated over that we people with our begransed resources, our our begransed intelligence, that we can

come so past long and and take on so much information so much. But these things when we begin to talk about crokings, of time and room

and a new universe, then you know that this is nearer the ground for what you can understand. But I think it is very very interesting. So, I hope

that you also have that it was interesting and that you have learned you little new words. Yeah so we're and sees we soon again.