Something Was Wrong - S26: Data Points: The History and Impact of Voting
Episode Date: October 10, 2026*Content warning: murder, bigotry, racism, violence, slavery, assault, wrongful imprisonment. Sources:13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is Passed. (n.d.). National Museum of African American H...istory and Culture. https://nmaahc.si.edu/explore/stories/13th-amendment-us-constitution-passedBrennan Center for Justice, Wilder, W., & Baum, S. (2022, January 31). 5 Egregious Voter Suppression Laws from 2021. Brennan Center for Justice. https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/analysis-opinion/5-egregious-voter-suppression-laws-2021Brennan Center for Justice. (n.d.) The Myth of Voter Fraud. https://www.brennancenter.org/issues/ensure-every-american-can-vote/vote-suppression/myth-voter-fraud?fbclid=IwAR36AFdgauzcPZF3YxMPVzQQ636b9vVMuCwGZrkDK2YQNDy5oX6xASEBzgIBritish Broadcasting Corporation. (n.d.). Suffragettes in prison. In BBC. https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/zqkbbqt#zjkbbqtThe Center for Public Integrity, & Starshak, H. (2022, October 6). It’s easy to vote in Washington, D.C., but it still doesn’t count. https://publicintegrity.org/politics/elections/who-counts/its-easy-to-vote-in-washington-d-c-but-it-still-doesnt-count/Civil rights protesters beaten in ‘Bloody Sunday’ attack. (2020, March 4). History.com. https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/bloody-sunday-civil-rights-protesters-beaten-selmaCodrington, W., III. (2019, November 17). The Electoral College’s Racist Origins. The Atlantic. https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/analysis-opinion/electoral-colleges-racist-originsDuignan, B. (n.d.). Voter suppression. In Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/voter-suppressionFederal Bureau of Investigations. (n.d.). Mississippi Burning. FBI.gov. https://www.fbi.gov/history/famous-cases/mississippi-burningThe Fight for the Right to Vote. (2024). In American Unversity Washington College of Law. https://wcl.american.libguides.com/voting/history/timelineImpeachment Trial of President Andrew Johnson, 1868. (n.d.). United States Senate. https://www.senate.gov/about/powers-procedures/impeachment/impeachment-johnson.htmKXAN. (n.d.). President Lyndon B. Johnson’s Voting Rights Act Speech [Video]. YouTube. Retrieved August 6, 2015, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VbFmicUTb_kLeague of Women Voters of California Education Fund. (n.d.). Types of Elections. CA Vote. https://cavotes.org/types-elections/McArdle, T. (2017, November 10). ‘Night of terror’: The suffragists who were beaten and tortured for seeking the vote. Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2017/11/10/night-of-terror-the-suffragists-who-were-beaten-and-tortured-for-seeking-the-vote/National Archives and Records Administration. (n.d.). Voting Rights Act of (1965). In National Archives and Records Administration. https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/voting-rights-act#:~:text=The%20Voting%20Rights%20Act%20had,African%20Americans%20registered%20to%20vote.National Archives and Records Administration. (n.d.). Electoral College History. In National Archives and Records Administration. https://www.archives.gov/electoral-college/historyPew Research. (n.d.). Voter Turnout 2018-2022. https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2023/07/12/voter-turnout-2018-2022/Promote the Vote California: Getting Involved. (n.d.). California Secretary of State. https://www.sos.ca.gov/promote-vote-ca/getting-involvedSmithsonian Institute. (2015). When Did the Vice Presidency Stop Going to the 2nd Place Winner and More Questions From Our Readers. In Smithsonian Magazine. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/when-did-vice-presidency-stop-going-to-second-place-ask-smithsonian-180957199/University of North Texas Libraries. (2024). A Brief History of Voting in America. In UNT Libraries. https://guides.library.unt.edu/voting/history-of-voting-AmericaWhat is the Victims of Crime Act? (2024, April 30). Everytown. https://www.everytown.org/what-is-the-victims-of-crime-act/When Women Lost the Vote. (n.d.). In The Museum of the History of the American Revolution. https://www.amrevmuseum.org/virtualexhibits/when-women-lost-the-vote-a-revolutionary-story/pages/how-did-the-vote-expand-new-jersey-s-revolutionary-decadeThe White House Historical Association, & Shogan, C. (2021, April 8). “We Shall Overcome”: Lyndon Johnson and the 1965 Voting Rights Act. The White House Historical Association. https://www.whitehousehistory.org/we-shall-overcome-lbj-voting-rightsArchive Audio Sources:(Democracy Now!) Rare Video Footage of Historic Alabama 1965 Civil Rights Marches MLKs Famous Montgomery Speech: https://youtu.be/CBm48Scju9E?si=SjGjlUrxHhVfBoBB (The Washington Post) Remembering Rep. John Lewis, in his own words: https://youtu.be/5ayewOtuixI?si=qZvqoS8R6nr97KdH (AAPB) Rep. John Lewis on Bloody Sunday in a 1985 Eyes on the Prize interview: https://www.facebook.com/gbh/videos/rep-john-lewis-on-bloody-sunday-in-a-1985-eyes-on-the-prize-interview-via-aapb/1123272501840163/(JOHN LEWIS: GOOD TROUBLE) John Lewis: Good Trouble - Bloody Sunday Clip: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hYHJ6JlERxY Resources:https://www.eac.gov/help-america-votehttps://www.socialworkers.org/Advocacy/Social-Justice/Increasing-Voter-Participationhttps://www.justice.gov/crt/media/1348556/dl?inlinehttps://www.rockthevote.org/https://votolatino.org/https://www.nonprofitvote.org/https://nvrtf.org/For a list of related free and confidential resources, please visit: http://www.somethingwaswrong.com/resources FBI Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3): https://www.ic3.gov/ Follow Something Was Wrong:Website: somethingwaswrong.com IG: instagram.com/somethingwaswrongpodcastTikTok: tiktok.com/@somethingwaswrongpodcast Follow Tiffany Reese:Website: tiffanyreese.me IG: instagram.com/lookieboo business@tiffanyreese.me The SWW theme Song is U Think U, by Glad Rags. 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Hi friends, it's Tiffany Reese, and today we're bringing you a special Data Points deep dive episode
on the history and importance of voting in the United States.
I want to give a special shout out to Broken Cycle team members, Amy B. Chessler, Lily Rowe,
and Becca High for working on this episode alongside me.
With the elections getting closer, it's natural to discuss the importance of voting
and the history of it in our country.
But the reality for victims and survivors of crime is that the laws,
we create and the legislators we elect through the voting process are always relevant.
Laws dictate what is criminally wrong and punishable, and as citizens, we have the ability to
propose that legislation and watch those laws be voted into action. Citizens also elect many
of the government officials who vote on those laws. It is these pieces of legislation and elected
legislators that control a survivor's sense of safety, protection, and ultimately,
their future. Exercising our right to vote is intrinsically intertwined with our potential to support
crime victims and hold perpetrators accountable. For example, some lawmakers have created legislation
that abolishes parole, which deeply affects a victim's journey and the way they may or may not
have to continue to advocate for themselves. Another example is displayed in the devastating cuts
to VOCA or Victims of Crime Act.
VOCA covers the out-of-pocket costs that victims often face related to crimes,
like medical and dental care, counseling, crime scene cleanup, or funerals and burials.
In 2024, VOCA stood to potentially lose over $700 million of funding because of cutbacks
made by elected leaders in Congress.
In other words, a survivor's path is ultimately different.
dictated by those involved in the criminal justice and legislative systems, and those systems
are dictated by our laws. There are three types of elections that citizens take part in,
primary, general, and local elections. There can also be special elections in which the voting
process is used to fill a vacancy. In a presidential primary election, voters from specific
political parties are casting ballots for whom they think will be the ideal candidate on the ballot
in the next presidential election for their registered party.
The statewide presidential primary is held in March of even-numbered years
on the first Tuesday after the first Monday.
Statewide primary elections offer voters a chance to select candidates at the state level.
General elections are held in a whole state and are elections that are not limited to voters
in a particular party or specific locality.
The purpose of a presidential general election is to make a general election is to make a election.
a final choice among the various candidates. The purpose of the statewide general election for
state and congressional offices is for voters to make a final choice between the two candidates
who received the most votes. These choices for federal public officials are made by voting on
the November ballot. Election day, as it's come to be known, is statutorily set by the U.S.
government as the Tuesday after the first Monday in November. Statewide measures can also be
placed on the November ballot. Despite the term election day being generally applied to the
presidential general election that occurs every four years, there are several other opportunities
that allow you to cast a ballot. Congressional elections occur every two years for the members of
the U.S. House of Representatives and every six years for each class of senators. There are also
yearly elections that occur locally and at the state level. It is immensely important. It is immensely
important for those of us with the power to vote to use our voice to make our choices known,
especially in local and state elections. Officials elected to those positions will have the
power to directly affect the way you live your life in your community. Voter turnout, which is the
term applied to the percentage of voters that submitted ballots compared to the number of eligible
voters, can be incredibly varied. For example, according to Pew Research, quote, the elections of
2018, 2020, and 2022 were three of the highest turnout U.S. elections of their respective types in decades.
About two-thirds, or 66 percent, of the voting-eligible population turned out for the 2020
presidential election, the highest rate for any national election since 1900.
The 2018 election, with 49 percent turnout, had the highest rate for a midterm since 19.
Even the 2022 elections turnout, with a slightly lower rate of 46%, exceeded that of all midterm elections since 1970.
End quote.
Voter turnout tends to be intermittent dependent upon social and political events.
As Pew Research points out, the turnout of intermittent voters often defined the outcome of an election.
And although voting has always been important, especially to crime victims,
we haven't always been allowed the power and ability to exercise our vote.
In fact, the American government has historically restricted and or abolished the power to vote
for large groups of marginalized people.
Voting suppression, which dates back to the beginning of American history, makes it even more
necessary to educate ourselves and take advantage of our voting power.
Voting suppression is any action that's done with the purpose of reducing voting or registering to vote
for members of a targeted racial community, political party, age range, religious group,
or other marginalized community. According to Britannica, the most frequent victims of voter
suppression in America have been members of the African American community. But in order to truly
understand the depths with which many communities have had to fight to establish their voting rights,
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When America was founded in 1776, the country was in a very unique position. Up until then,
most organized governments were led by a monarch, or someone
who generally gained their position through birth. In their attempt to gain political freedom,
America's founding fathers developed a voting process rooted in democracy, which is a type of government
largely run by elected officials. However, the U.S. Constitution, which was first upheld in 1789,
didn't define specific voting rights. Instead, it proposed that each state be given the power to
regulate their own. As part of the Constitution, the founding fathers also established the
Electoral College, which was originally proposed to offer a compromise in the election of the
president by a vote between Congress and the popular vote of qualified citizens. Within the
Electoral College, each state receives a certain number of electors based on the size of the
state's population. The state's electors would then cast two votes for president,
The candidate who gained the most electoral votes became president, and the runner-up became vice president.
Traditionally, the Electoral College members cast their vote for the candidate who received the popular vote in their state.
However, there is no law that states that electors must offer their vote to the popularity-voted candidate in their state.
As a result, those that oppose the Electoral College often draw attention to the fact that the system seems to be.
distracts from our individual voting power.
Lesser known is that the Electoral College has racist origins.
At the time of the establishment of the Electoral College,
the populations in the north and south were approximately equal.
However, about one-third of those living in the South were forced to be enslaved.
The southern region would have less power in a popular vote system
because such a large portion of the population was unable to vote.
The ultimate solution was an indirect method of choosing the president or the development of the Electoral College.
With about 93% of the country's enslaved persons in just five southern states, that region was the undoubted beneficiary of the compromise.
And the electoral college's roots in bigotry drew opposition when it was created, and it surely continues to draw opposition to this day.
Not long after the Electoral College's inception, the first presidential election occurred in 1789.
In that election, voting rights were granted to white, male landowners over the age of 21, except in New Jersey, where women who were property owners were also allowed to vote.
New Jersey representatives specifically added language in their voting clause to include female landowners as eligible voters, which was revolutionary at the time.
In most states, Catholics, Jews, and Quakers were barred from voting, whether they were white
male landowners or not.
Then in 1790, the naturalization law was passed in order to define what U.S. citizenship
could include, and in turn, which white male landowners were allowed to vote.
The law stated that, quote, only white immigrants who had lived in the United States for at least
two years and were of good character were eligible for citizenship, end quote.
Over the next couple hundred years, Americans would continue to debate over the voting standards,
or if the laws should be loosened. In 1792, New Hampshire was officially the first state
to remove the land ownership requirement for voting. At that time, New Jersey was still the only
state in the country that allowed women to vote. Shortly thereafter, the 12th Amendment was proposed,
as a result of the 1800 election tie between Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr. Then in 1804,
the year Aaron Burr would kill Alexander Hamilton in a duel, the 12th Amendment was ratified.
The 12th Amendment changed the voting landscape forever. Instead of casting two ballots for president,
electoral college members now distinctly cast one vote for president and one vote for a vice
president, which remains to be the case today.
Then in November 1807, the New Jersey State Legislature stripped the vote from women,
people of color, and recent immigrants because of, quote,
regional controversies within the state over slavery, voter intimidation at the polls,
fear of foreign influence, and a backlash against women's political gains, end quote.
And despite the ongoing late 1700s and early 1800s argument over whether women and people
of marginalized communities should be allowed to vote, legislators would now come to agree that landownership
should not be a requirement for voting, making white men over the age of 21 the only eligible
voters in America. Over the span of 64 years, the rest of the states would model New Hampshire's
1792 decision and abolish the land ownership voting requirement, with the last state being North Carolina
in 1856.
The early to mid-1800s in America began a time of growth and hope for many white citizens.
However, the reality for minority communities was much more restrictive.
Although slavery had begun in America, even prior to colonial times, the mid-1800s marked
a period of heightened devastation and impact on African-American communities.
By that time, many major American industries relied deep.
deeply on slavery, at the cost of millions of lives. As a result, there was a great deal of civil unrest
between the highly polarized, north and south, with slavery being at the forefront of their humanitarian-based
arguments. In 1857, a Supreme Court ruling in the Dred Scott case added to the polarization in the
country. The ruling stated that Congress could not prohibit slavery because the Constitution protected
the property rights of slaveholders. Then in 1861, American citizens elected Republican Abraham Lincoln
as president, which led to even more unrest. His political campaign success was assigned to the
Confederate South that they had lost some of their power. Ultimately, the Civil War began on April 12,
1861, mere months after Lincoln was elected. Despite the country's unrest, President
Abraham Lincoln declared the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, freeing enslaved people held
in Confederate states. As the National American Museum of African American History and Culture
States, the 13th Amendment made the Emancipation Federal Policy, was signed by President
Abraham Lincoln on February 1, 1865, and was ratified on December 6, 1865. However, just two and a half
months after signing the 13th Amendment, President Lincoln would be assassinated by a white supremacist
who opposed his anti-slavery views while attending the theater with his wife.
Lincoln's presidential successor was Andrew Johnson, a man whose beliefs were notoriously
far more conservative than Lincoln's. Although under his presidency, Johnson did retain the 13th Amendment,
he did allow increasingly more and more, quote, black codes to regulate those who were now
freed, similar to pre-Civil War regulations.
Northerners were outraged at the revived racism and began to call for radical reconstruction.
As a result of the political and social unrest in America at this time, a group of vicious
bigots created an underground cult that they would infamously dub the Cluclux Klan on December 24,
1965. This white supremacist group, which would come to be known as the KKK, worked tirelessly to
target, torment, terrorize, and even slaughter civil and voting rights workers all over the country.
However, human rights activists continued to fight to be heard. Eventually, the 14th Amendment,
which offered citizenship to everyone born or naturalized in America, including former
enslaved persons, was passed by Congress on June 13, 1866, and ratified on July 9th, 1868.
Then, under Ulysses S. Grant's presidency, Congress passed the 15th Amendment.
The 15th Amendment guaranteed the right to vote of all men, regardless of race, color, and prior
servitude status. In March of 1870, Thomas Mundy Peterson became the first African-American
to vote in a local election. Juneteenth has become the most well-known celebration for the ending of
slavery in the United States and viewed by some as America's Second Independence Day. Dating back to
1865, Juneteenth commemorates the day when 250,000 enslaved people were freed in the state of Texas,
and during the final days of the Civil War were declared free by the U.S. Army. As soon as the following year,
local festivities were organized in African-American communities to celebrate and remember the significance of that day, June 19th.
However, the enactments of these policies did not mean that election officials welcomed non-white voters warmly at polling places.
Instead, because of pervasive racism, states began to enact policies in order to further restrict marginalized community members' right to vote, such as biased voting taxes and literacy tests.
Discriminatory actions like voter suppression and voter intimidation continued to be on the rise.
Growing unrest in the voting landscape and the feminist movement inspired Susan B. Anthony to vote in the presidential election of 1872, two years later.
Susan was arrested as a result. Shortly after, Sojourner Truth, who was an abolitionist, former enslaved person and women's and voters' rights activist,
also tried to cast a ballot in the 1872 election.
She was also turned away as women were still not allowed to vote.
As communities continued to fight for their right to vote,
the American government continued to tighten restrictions in response.
The limitations on voting continued to escalate,
and in 1876, Native Americans were deemed non-citizens
and saw what little voting rights they had taken away.
In 1882, the Chinese Exclusion Act was passed and prevented those with Chinese heritage from becoming citizens,
which kept them from voting too.
In 1887, the Dawes Act was passed, which granted citizenship to Native Americans if they abandoned their tribal affiliations.
Wyoming had originally granted women the right to vote in 1873 when it was still a territory.
However, their right to vote was not applicable to federal elections, only state and local elections.
After voting advancement occurred in 1890, the Indian Naturalization Act was passed,
granting citizenship to Native Americans whose citizenship applications were approved.
As these changes were made and began to be upheld throughout the country,
women continued to voice their desire to vote.
States across the country began to allow women to.
to vote at the state level until 1920.
Throughout that time, the suffragette movement
expanded throughout America.
The suffragettes were a group of women
who campaigned for women's right to vote.
Their creative actions and slogans
snagged the attention of many citizens
as they used mottoes like, deeds not words,
and justice not favors.
They successfully protested all over the country
with their first march taking place in 1908 in New York.
The suffragette movement had many opposers and faced much backlash.
In fact, over 1,000 women were arrested from the start of the 20th century
to the beginning of World War I while trying to vote or while protesting for their right to vote.
Women imprisoned for these offenses were often assaulted and brutalized during their imprisonment.
Notoriously, on November 10, 1917, 33 suffragettes were arrested and jailed for protesting outside of the White House.
hours later they would be subjected to violent abuse and assaults at a North Virginia prison.
The suffragists would end up entitling their treatment on November 14, 1917, as the Night of Terror.
Word spread of their experiences, which, according to the Washington Post, helped galvanize public support of the suffrage movement.
Finally, in 1920, only about 100 years ago from today and about 140 years after America was
women were granted the right to vote with the 19th Amendment.
However, these rights remained primarily reserved for white women.
American history repeated itself, and as one faction of citizens gained access to voting
and the powers related to it, another group was further marginalized.
World War I had taken place and left a large impact on the world.
As a result of this war, there was heightened racism towards Japanese.
Americans. The Supreme Court ruled that people of Japanese heritage were ineligible to become
naturalized citizens in 1922. And in 1923, all Americans of Southeast Asian and Indian descent
were banned from becoming naturalized citizens. Then in 1924, the Citizenship Act granted
citizenship to Native Americans. In reaction to the act, many states began to
and passing laws and policies prohibiting Native Americans from voting.
The restrictions continue to become even more pervasive in 1925
when citizens of the Philippines were barred from U.S. citizenship
unless they served three years in the U.S. Navy.
The next years in American history were greatly impacted by the Great Depression and World War II.
Black citizens faced the highest rate of unemployment in the 1930.
heightened tension remained amidst an insecure, unstable time.
Then, when war became an unavoidable reality,
minority communities were forced to be frontline warriors for the U.S.
While many male citizens were deployed to fight in World War II,
women were finally allowed into the American workforce at much greater rates.
With these newfound opportunities and responsibilities,
many marginalized communities demanded more freedom.
Still, many years would pass and many communities would continue to be massively underrepresented
in the election process. Then in 1952, the McCarron-Walter Act granted all people of Asian ancestry
the right to become citizens, effectively granting them the right to vote. Nearly a decade later,
in 1961, the 23rd Amendment also passed, which granted residents of Washington, D.C., the right to vote
for U.S. president.
Despite being our country's capital,
Washington, D.C. residents were not allowed to vote
in presidential elections before then.
The 1960s continued to be a turning point
in American politics and for our voting rights.
The civil rights movement was challenging
America's institutional racist beliefs and policies.
Then the murders of civil and voting rights activists,
James Cheney, Michael Schwerner,
and Andrew Goodman in Mississippi on June 20th, 1964,
demanded the attention of the federal government.
A gang of over 20 KKK members killed the boys
with the aid of a local deputy sheriff
because of the young men's local efforts
to enable equal access to voting and education.
In 1967, according to the Federal Bureau of Investigations,
seven of the 18 defendants would be found guilty,
including Deputy Sheriff Price, but none on murder charges.
One major conspirator, Edgar Ray Killen, went free after a lone juror couldn't bring himself to convict a Baptist preacher.
Not long after the boy's murder, a 600-person civil rights protest was terrorized by a group of white state troopers in Selma, Alabama on March 7, 1965.
This day became known as Bloody Sunday.
because of the level of violence that was extracted upon the crowd.
Dr. King, how are things shaping up now for tomorrow?
Things are shaping up beautifully.
We have people coming in from all over the country.
I suspect that we would have representatives from almost every state in the Union
and naturally a large number of people from the state of Alabama.
And we hope to see, and we plan to see,
the greatest witness for freedom ever taken place
that has ever taken place on the steps of the capital
of any state in the South.
In 1965, a group of young people, students, and others,
attempted to cross the Edmund Pettish Bridge in Selma, Alabama,
to march 50 miles from Selma to Montgomery,
to dramatize to the nation and to the world,
that people wanted simpler to register to vote.
They came toward us, beating us with nightsticks and bow whips,
tramping us with horses and releasing the tear gas.
At the foot of that bridge, I was beaten.
I thought I was going to die.
I thought I saw death.
I felt like it was the last demonstration.
It was the last protest act on my part.
like I was going to take my last breath from the tear gas.
I saw people rolling, heard people screaming and holling.
We couldn't go forward.
If we tried to go forward, we would have gone into the heat of bell.
We couldn't go to the side, to the left or to the right.
We would have been going over into the Alabama River.
So we were beaten back down the streets of Selma back.
downtown to the Brown Chapel AME Church.
I don't know to this day how I made it back to the church.
I do remember being in the church
and making a statement to the crowd that assembled there
and I said something to the fact
that I don't understand how President Johnson
can send troops to Vietnam,
can send troops to the Congo,
to San Diego and cannot send troops to Selma, Alabama to protect black people who want
the right to register to vote to participate in the democratic process.
The Monday after bloody Sunday, after we were beaten in Selma, Dr. King came to my hospital
bedside and said, John, don't worry. It should a call for religious leaders to come.
The events of Selma had been brought to a climax
by a nighttime attack on a white Boston minister by white men.
He died two days later.
President Lyndon Johnson spoke to the nation.
So I ask you to join me in working long hours,
nights, and weekends, if necessary, to pass this bell.
And I don't make that request lightly.
far from the window where I sit with the problems of our country.
I recognize that from outside this chamber is the outraged conscience of a nation,
the grave concern of many nations and the harsh judgment of history on our acts.
But even if we pass this bill, the battle will not be over.
What happened in Selma is part of a far larger movement
which reaches into every section and state of America.
It is the effort of American Negroes
to secure for themselves the full blessings of American life.
Their cause must be our cause too.
Because it's not just Negroes, but really it's all of us
who must overcome the crippling legacy of bigotry and injustice.
And we shall overcome.
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The public reaction to the increasing violence in Alabama, Mississippi, and across the country,
as well as Johnson's initiative, spurred Congress to pass the 1965 Voting Rights Act.
The act forbade states from imposing discriminatory restrictions on who can vote.
This was the first time in history that many marginalized communities had been granted the right to vote.
And as a result of the act's passing, by the end of 1965,
a quarter of a million new black voters had been registered.
By the end of 1966,
only four out of 13 southern states
had fewer than 50% of African Americans registered to vote.
Although hurdles remained for citizens of minority communities
as a result of systemic racism and continued voter suppression,
voting rights shifted drastically and paved the way
for meaningful changes to be made.
Just six years later, in 1972, the voting age was lowered to the age of 18, allowing even more accessibility.
And in 1975, voting became even more inclusive.
It was the first year voting materials were translated into other languages besides English.
In other words, it took some communities in America nearly 200 years to be heard in the political landscape via the voting process.
And although it's a right every citizen in this country should possess, it's still an impactful
power that continues to be threatened. Voter suppression is something that has been occurring
since the beginning of American history, and it continues to this day. In fact, according to the Brennan
Center for Justice, 2021 was a banner year for new barriers to the right to vote.
19 states enacted 34 laws restricting access to voting far in a way the most in any year in at least the past decade.
The aforementioned laws attempted to control access to voting via such methods as creating obstacles for voting by mail,
establishing new voter ID requirements, and setting limitations on what election officials can do to help promote voter access.
Some of the laws were racist in nature, taking targeted action to restrict methods of voting that had been especially utilized by African American communities.
Voter suppression can also be more covert in nature.
A lack of accessible polling places or limited polling times are also methods of suppression.
Similarly, the federal government has also criminalized voter intimidation.
According to the ACLU, voter intimidation is when,
someone is intimidated, threatened, or coerced by another person for the purpose of interfering
with the right of that person to vote or vote as they may choose. Many states also have their
own laws prohibiting voter intimidation. Voter intimidation may include questioning voters about
their citizenship or criminal record with the intention to interfere with their ability to vote,
falsely presenting yourself as a polling place or election official, or other harassment,
particularly towards non-English speakers and voters of color.
Voter suppression and intimidation can occur anytime, anywhere,
but is generally targeted towards minority communities
and happens in a polling or voter registration setting.
And as voting happens frequently throughout different times of the year,
it's important to educate ourselves on when and where it can happen most.
Voter fraud is another type of election crime
that has recently been given a lot of attention.
Voter fraud is the intentional duplication
and or falsification of votes.
Voter fraud can include knowingly casting more than one ballot
in the same election or voting using someone else's identity.
And despite consistent allegations of voter fraud
occurring in the last few elections,
according to the Brennan Center for Justice,
voter fraud and voter impersonation is extremely rare.
The center states that most of the center states
that most instances of alleged fraud are mistakes by voters, administrators, or are a result of
election misconduct. Quote, the Brennan Center's seminal report demonstrated that most
allegations of fraud turn out to be baseless. Numerous other studies, including one commissioned
by the Trump administration, have reached the same conclusion, end quote. If you were someone
you know, believe you may have been a witness or a victim of voter intimidation,
suppression or fraud, you can report it to the election protection hotline at 1-866-hour vote.
You can also report it to the U.S. Department of Justice voting rights at 800-253-3931 or your local and state officials,
including poll workers, elections commissioners, and elections supervisors.
American citizens' right to exercise our vote is a privilege that nearly took 200 years.
to fight for. Therefore, we should not take it for granted. It's also important for us to become
allies for those who may be experiencing voter suppression or intimidation. Ways that you can help
include bringing awareness, encouraging voter registration and voter turnout, sharing election information,
or volunteering your time to register voters, or even working at a polling place. The United
States Election Assistance Commission link is included in the episode notes, in the
event that you'd like to volunteer to be a poll worker.
Other nonprofit organizations are making an effort in the voting landscape.
Vote.org is a great resource that offers ways to register to vote, check your registration,
vote by mail, see what's on your ballot, get election reminders, and find volunteer opportunities.
The National Association of Social Workers is also making efforts to increase voter participation.
They've created several successful collaborations with organizations such as Rock the Vote, Voto Latino, and nonprofit vote,
whose purpose is also to help other nonprofit organizations engage the people they serve in voting in elections.
The NASW has also partnered with the National Voting Rights Task Force,
whose mission is to offer tangible steps to ensure voters in your community have access to vote.
For a more comprehensive list of organizations that are working to help increase voter accessibility and decrease voter suppression,
please visit something was wrong.com slash resources.
Many of the amazing groups listed on the website are only able to exist because of the community's help and support from people like you.
If you would like to find out more information about volunteer opportunities,
please feel free to visit the resources page and reach out directly to the organization's
of your choice. I'm Tiffany Reese. Thank you so much for listening and learning with us.
