Stuff You Should Know - Are contrails actually chemtrails?

Episode Date: January 17, 2012

You know those trails that jets leave in the sky? While science has explained why they happen, plenty of conspiracy theorists believe there's more to it. Join Josh and Chuck as they channel the guys from Stuff They Don't Want You to Know in this episode. Learn more about your ad-choices at https://www.iheartpodcastnetwork.comSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Flooring contractors agree. When looking for the best to care for hardwood floors, use Bona Hardwood Floor Cleaner. The residue-free, fast drying solution is specially designed for hardwood floors, delivering the safe and effective clean you trust. Bona Hardwood Floor Cleaner is available at most retailers where floor cleaning products are sold and on Amazon. Also available for your other hard surface floors like Stone, Tile, Laminate, Vinyl, and LVT. For cleaning tips and exclusive offers, visit Bona.com slash Bona Clean. The War on Drugs is the excuse our government uses to get away with absolutely insane stuff. Stuff that'll piss you off. The cops, are they just like looting? Are they just like pillaging? They just have way better names for what they call,

like what we would call a jack move or being robbed. They call civil acid work. Be sure to listen to The War on Drugs on the iHeart radio app, Apple Podcast, or wherever you get your podcasts. Brought to you by the reinvented 2012 Camry. It's ready, are you? Welcome to Stuff You Should Know from HowStuffWorks.com. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark. There's Charles Chup Bryant, and we're together and there's a couple of microphones in front of us. This is Stuff You Should Know. All that separates us is some cheap foam

and metal and a table and some Kleenex and pencils. And this Ikea lamp. So there's actually a lot between this. Come to think of it. This box of chalk. Yeah, what's that here for? I don't know. There's some really uninteresting things on this table. There's a playroom in here. Well, we screwed this one up already. Great. Nowhere to go but up. That's a great way to look at this, Chuck. Yeah. That's great. I'm not going to use it as a segue, but it's a really good positive way of looking at things. Thank you. Chuck, what do, what does the cities of Boston,

Massachusetts, Boston, Calgary, Canada? A boot. Where is it in Canada? Edmonton. Okay, Edmonton. And a little town called Palmer, Alaska have to do with one another. I love it when you do this. I have no idea actually. I mean, they're all cities or towns in the Northern Hemisphere, North America. Terrible guess. I know. Are you ready for the answer? Which destroys your guess. Okay. All three cities recently voted to remove or stop adding fluoride to their water supply. Okay. Do you know that? I did not, but we covered that before. We have. We got a little overboard possibly in our disdain for fluoride. Did we?

Maybe. Who knows? I thought it was a good one. I still stand by most of it. Those were in our younger days. Yeah, our headier days. But so there's three towns that are starting to wake up because the, well, it's not, it's not really a conspiracy theory as much. It's more, apparently people are buying their fluoride. Cities are buying their fluoride from China and the Chinese fluoride is subpar and it's starting to like gum up the city waterworks. So they're like, we either need to find a good supplier or else we need to stop adding fluoride. And everybody said, you know what? Let's stop adding fluoride. There's not even real evidence that it works to prevent tooth decay. Okay. Okay. So I'm with you. That's one major government

conspiracy down. Okay. Dead. On to the next one. Right. We're going to talk about chemtrails. Yeah, we handle these occasionally. We have a video podcast. It's not our own, but our fellows, colleagues here, stuff they don't want you to know. Right. They tackle these conspiracy things and it's a lot of fun. Matt and Ben, they know what they're doing. We try to avoid it because a lot of times I just don't want to be the guy that poops everything and or the guy that is the conspiracy dude. But we're going to tackle it today. We are because people have asked for chemtrails over and over. Yeah. Yeah. So we're going to talk about it and we're going to handle it very well. Let's talk about this. So just to get everybody on the same page, a chemtrail,

depending on who you are or who you're talking to, is either a chemtrail or a contrail. And let's talk about contrails first. This is what the FAA would call it. Yeah. You know, those streaks in the sky that follow a plane. Yeah. Lovely ones outside my window today. That's great. They're essentially manmade cirrus clouds. Right. Yeah. What happens is when you are in a jet plane, your jet engine produces very, very hot air. Yeah. Exhaust. Exhaust. Sure. Also included in that very, very hot air is water vapor. And if you are flying in an airplane, very high up, say 30,000 feet. Okay. The ambient temperature, atmospheric temperature is going to be about negative 40 degrees Fahrenheit, which is the same as Celsius and Fahrenheit.

Oh, well, remember, Celsius. Yes. So when you have, there's also lower atmospheric pressure. And if you also have thrown in there, saturated air, humid air, very humid, the vapor pressure, which is the pressure that gas exerts on its surrounding environment. Yeah. When you have that all combined, you have what amounts to a manmade cloud, a contrail. Yeah. Condensation. Condensation. That's an even better way to put it. It's water droplets, or a lot of times, but not always, as our author says, it turns into ice. It doesn't always turn into ice. Yeah. Sometimes it's just water. Right. But a lot of times it will crystallize into ice if it's cold enough. And that's what you're seeing. Contrails, condensation trails.

Right. Shortened to contrails. So problem solved. They dissipate? Yeah, eventually. It depends if you, if you're in drier areas, it's going to dissipate more quickly. As Jay McGrath, who wrote this article, points out, if you've ever been out on like a very cold day, and it was very humid and cold, you can see your breath far longer. It takes far longer to dissipate than it does on a cold, dry day. That's right. That's because the air is less saturated, and hence the vapor pressure is higher on a dry day. That's right. And in this exhaust, or contrail, if you will, you're going to find carbon dioxide, nitrous oxides, soot, sulfate. And most scientists agree, if not all, I haven't talked to all of

them yet. Still got like three people to go. Right. They agreed that this extra cloud cover, essentially, can be bad for the environment. Yeah, there was a... So that's not debated very much right now. No, there's a study that was released that basically estimates that just in one year, the energy trapped by contrails was about a third of all of the energy trapped in the history of aviation from greenhouse gas emissions of planes. So these contrails are like apparently a really big problem as far as climate change goes in creating the greenhouse effect. Well, there's a lot more flights going on now than ever before. Yeah. A lot more than there were 20 and 30 and 40 years ago, obviously. Yes. So yeah, it's an issue. So that's what a contrail

is, and they are essentially problematic. That mystery should be lying their dead. I mean, there's not really a mystery. It's like you can explain it through science. Yeah. Apparently, the FAA, NASA, other aviation agencies, Northrop Grumman, probably, has said here is exactly what's going on. Right. And whenever you lay something out and you do it in a very forthright way, a lot of times conspiracy theorists think you're lying. You're making something up. Sure. So a lot of conspiracy theories have cropped up. And basically, most conspiracy theorists say, yes, I understand. There's such a thing as contrails. Stop trying to humiliate me. Right. But have you noticed that contrails stick around way longer than they used to?

That is, we'll do a little before and after with this. They say that chemtrails is, let's go ahead and just let the cat out of the bag. They're calling these chemtrails. Right. And they're saying they're doping the fuel, essentially lacing it with chemicals for myriad reasons that we'll go over here in a second. And these chemicals make it stick around longer. That's what they say. It's telltale evidence that there are chemicals. As you say, the plane's exhausts are being doped with this stuff. I wish I had this guy's name. An atmospheric scientist that I looked up earlier said this is one of the biggest claims that chemtrailers, as he calls it, gets wrong. He says contrails can persist for hours as well. They've done so since we've had jet planes.

If you look at old photographs from the 60s and 70s, you're going to see contrails in the sky just like we see today. Right. There are a lot more of them now because there's a lot more flights. Right. And he said, quote, often when persistent contrails exist from 25,000 to 40,000 feet, several long contrails increase in number and gradually will merge into an almost interlaced solid sheet. And he said, this happens. It's a contrail and that can happen with a contrail. Yeah. Go ahead. A chemtrailist would say that's a purposeful sheet of chemicals being laced over the world. Right. Exactly. In the atmosphere. And we all know why 40,000 feet is the limit that that scientist cited. Yeah, we went over that to me. Yeah. So here's, I guess, the crux

of the problem. There is this thing that everybody agrees is there. We're all looking at it as it's there. But why is it there? And it's very tough to explain to conspiracy theorists that what they believe is incorrect, especially when you can't take them and show them the plane that nobody's doping it. Yeah. Another guy I read said, you know, when we try to explain this to them, they say you're just part of the conspiracy. Right. Which I mean, that kind of shuts down any intelligent conversation about it right there. But it opens up some fantastic speculation. Yes. So if people, if the government, usually it is the government that's tasked with or that's accused of doping plane exhaust, if the government were doing this, why, why would they possibly

be doing this? And there's, here's where we get to like the myriad reasons. This is great. Yeah, they range. I mean, there's a lot of reasons, but they range from population control, kill, essentially killing the sick and the elderly quicker with these mysterious flus. Right. And this, this coincides with belief in the New World Order, where basically there, there is a movement as an alleged movement toward controlling the population more. Yeah. Basically, it's eugenics on a global scale. But apparently, China is being left out. I went on this one chem trail conspiracy theorist, or I guess a chem trailer website. Yeah. And the author was saying, like, there's no such you never see a chem trail in China. Oh, really? Because the NWO is like grooming

China to be like the premier country. So in just like this one sentence or two, this guy really laid a lot of stuff on the table. Yeah, sure. You have like the NWO, the rise of China, and chem trails all in like one sentence. Was the Illuminati in there anywhere? I didn't search for it, but it's possible. Okay. Yeah. Well, that's one reason. Okay. So population control, they're killing people off. Another reason is that we are experimenting with weather control for defense purposes. Now, this is we have done before. Yeah, England has done this. We talked about cloud seeding and it was a while ago. Operation cumulus. I can't remember which one we talked about it in. It was it was early. Yeah. Anyway, yeah, we'll just go over it again. Operation

cumulus. Yeah, it was a cloud seeding operation by the Royal Air Force in the 50s, where they're experimenting with making it rain so that they could, you know, flood enemy forces, whatever, if you can control the weather, there's all sorts of great things you can do with it. Sure. And it actually worked. And it worked way, way too well. Yeah. And as we talked about, like a lot of people died from flash floods and whole villages were just washed away. And the Royal Air Force went back home. Yeah. And then the Ministry of Defense denied it until 2001. Right. So it's possible. China does it. China did it before the Olympics. Yeah, that's right. That's right. With silver iodide. Uh-huh. Yeah. Did it work there? Yeah.

Yeah, you just shoot silver iodide or dry salt or something and it creates the conditions needed to make it rain for a cloud to become pregnant with rain and then that it goes away. Although that term. Yeah. Pregnant with rain. Yeah. Or pregnant with anything that's not a baby. You know what I'm saying? I do. Okay. The war on drugs impacts everyone. Whether or not you take drugs. America's public enemy number one is drug abuse. This podcast is going to show you the truth behind the war on drugs. They told me that I would be charged for conspiracy to distribute a 2,200 pounds of marijuana. Yeah, and they can do that without any drugs on the table. Without any drugs. Of course, yes, they can do that. And I'm the prime example of that.

The war on drugs is the excuse our government uses to get away with absolutely insane stuff. Stuff that'll piss you off. The property is guilty. Exactly. And it starts as guilty. It starts as guilty. The cops. Are they just like looting? Are they just like pillaging? They just have way better names for what they call like what we would call a jack move or being robbed. They call civil asset. Be sure to listen to the war on drugs on the I heart radio app, Apple podcast or wherever you get your podcast. On the podcast, Hey, dude, the 90s called David Lasher and Christine Taylor, stars of the cult classic show. Hey, dude, bring you back to the days of slip dresses and

choker necklaces. We're going to use Hey, dude as our jumping off point, but we are going to unpack and dive back into the decade of the 90s. We lived it. And now we're calling on all of our friends to come back and relive it. It's a podcast packed with interviews, co stars, friends and nonstop references to the best decade ever. Do you remember going to blockbuster? Do you remember Nintendo 64? Do you remember getting frosted tips? Was that a cereal? No, it was hair. Do you remember AOL instant messenger and the dialup sound like poltergeist? So leave a code on your best friend's beeper because you'll want to be there when the nostalgia starts flowing. Each episode will rival the feeling of taking out the cartridge

from your Game Boy, blowing on it and popping it back in as we take you back to the 90s. Listen to Hey, dude, the 90s called on the I heart radio app, Apple podcasts or wherever you get your podcasts. Others will say that it is aluminum being shot into the air to reflect the harmful rays of the sun to combat global warming, which would be a good use quote unquote, I guess. And there is such a thing as chaff. You know what chaff is? No, no. Chaff is released from the underbelly of a plane and that is in fact little aluminum needles released into the air, but it's used. It's been used since World War Two by us and the Germans and anyone with any kind of advanced defense program, military program to confuse enemy radar

like, Hey, look, this is an actual object up here that you're going to fire missile at. So don't fire at me. Crazy. So there's such a thing as chaff, but it's not released through the exhaust. It's dumped out like your spraying crops. Well, plus also if we're using that for defense purposes, anti missile defense, why would a commercial aircraft be launching it, I guess. Drop in chaff, as they say in the biz. Yeah. Yeah. So, you know, that's what chaff is, and that's a real thing. Contrails are real things. Right. So this all kind of gets mixed together though. Gotcha. In a conspiracy like manner. Right. And you were saying like that there's an idea that the government is well intentionally trying to combat global warming.

I have a feeling that like this would be well publicized. Yeah, they would tout that. Don't you think? I would think so. Like, hey, well, yeah, but I think the conspiracy theorists say then they would have to admit all the dangers of global warming. Touche. Yeah. So, you know, there's a rebuttal for every side. There totally is. It's a great game of ping pong. There is another one that I came across too. That is my personal favorite. Another reason. Let's hear it. That the government, probably the larger New World Order somebody is manipulating Oregon. Okay. Oregon. Are you familiar with Kate Bush's song Cloudbusting?

No. Oh, you're not? No, I like Kate Bush though. It's great. It's like her most famous song in like her. I feel like a healer. No, don't. Her video for it starred Donald Pleasant as the dad and was directed by Terry Gilliam. And you can tell me and it's cool. Yeah, just look up the video for Cloudbusting on YouTube. Good song even. But it's a ballad. It's about this guy named Will Helmreich who was an Austrian psychoanalyst who moved to the U.S. in the 50s and he claimed to have discovered this stuff called Oregon, which is a life energy that everything has. Basically like chi. Yeah. Of course. Right. Medichlorians. Yeah. And there's a packet of Oregon that surrounds the earth and protects

it and gives it life. Okay. So he apparently fell in really, really badly with the FDA. They considered him like a huckster and a fraud because he was he was selling Oregon generators. Right. That would basically or Oregon accumulators that would, you know, heal cancer or grow like plants or whatever. Right. And he did a two year bit in jail. And I looked this up and I'm pretty sure it's accurate. The FDA banned and destroyed his books. Oh, really? I didn't know the FDA could do that. So I looked even further and it turns out in 1998 the FDA destroyed banned and destroyed another book on cooking with stevia. I'm not kidding. Really? I looked and found it in several places that this really happened to this guy in Texas.

Wow. Who wrote a natural food cookbook. So apparently the FDA can burn your books if they want to. But anyway, Wilhelm Reich was jailed and he died in prison in 1957. But the I came across this chemtrail theorist idea that chemtrails change the polarity of the Oregon that surrounds the earth and affects us. So you can make your energy or life energy. Yes. Okay. You can make your own cloud busting machine at home for about 500 bucks from parts you can get at Home Depot. Wow. Yeah. Pretty cool. Yeah. If you go to educate hyphen yourself.org, you can find a chembuster schematics. Seriously. I'll do it. I got 500 bucks to burn. And look up the, look up that Kate Bush song. The video loan is really cool. Yeah, it sounds like it. And they

put some real money into music videos. Yes. Back in the day. Yeah. Yeah. What else, Josh? Got any other reasons? No. Well, then let's talk a little bit about, well, the United States actually did address this because a lot of times they'll just not even give any credence to these conspiracy theories. But there were so many inquiries to this. The NASA EPA and FAA and NOAA issued a joint back sheet in 2000 that explained everything and said, you know, here's the deal. Here's your back sheet. This is official and this is our official stance. I think the Air Force did something similar. Right. Didn't do anything to dissuade anyone. No. And I'm sure in a catch 22, the fact that they did uncharacteristically break the silence and come forward just added fuel to the fire. Yeah.

Or strengthen the conviction of conspiracy theorists, wouldn't you say? I think so. One of the things that the conspiracy theorists will point to with Kim Trail, or let's just keep calling them Kim Trailers, so much easier. Yeah, I like that. They will point to the grid like patterns as mysterious as setting it up so it will eventually form a complete coverage, you know, from day to day. And air traffic dudes will say, you know what, that's because of our aerospace systems north, south, and east, west flight lanes. That's how we send planes. Right. So they're going to crisscross like that and it's going to look like a grid. Okay. Seems to explain things away pretty well. Yeah. There was also Josh, the news, you know, local news, like they'll get on the case

of something like this and get really excited, especially when weathermen are involved because they'll get like all of a sudden they get to do one of those investigative reports that they never get to do. So in Shreveport, Louisiana at KSLA News 12, they did a test because this guy said, you know what, I've noticed these unusual clouds that that just continue to fall until they reach the ground and I'm collecting this water and we should examine, you know, test this water. So they were like, sure, of course we should. And they tested it and found high levels of barium at 6.8 parts per million, which is more than three times the toxic level. Wow. And they said, we're on to something here because that is a hallmark of Kim Trail testing.

And then they found out they actually misread the report and it was 6.68 parts per billion. Oh, not per million. Yeah. Not 6.8 per million, but 68 per billion. And it was well within the range. They retracted their story. Other local stations around the country picked up on that and then kind of had to wash the egg off their face afterwards. Or they just never mentioned it again without a follow up. Exactly. Wow. Colors. A lot of times these things will have vibrant colors and I saw a show on our own Discovery Channel called Best Evidence. And one of their atmospheric researchers said, that's just, it's coloration. You're going to get it. And you're on the ground, you can't tell like getting back to the grid, you can't tell from the ground what atmosphere

these things are at. Right. So it looks like a crisscross right over each other might be 20,000 feet apart. Right. And you're looking at this from the ground, you're looking at the colors like is a rainbow, some vast conspiracy as well. I've, somebody's got a conspiracy theory on that one. The rainbow conspiracy. I think chemtrails prove that there's a conspiracy theory on absolutely everything. That's true. Yeah. But this show was actually pretty good. It was called Best Evidence. You can watch it on the YouTubes or maybe Discovery.com has it. I don't know. And they actually tested stuff. They tested jet emissions in a lab for aluminum and tested them with atomic absorption spectrometers. And they also tested it in the air with a land

spectrometer. And they found no aluminum in the fuel or exhaust. However, the conspiracy theorists will say, well, you didn't get the dope fuel. You just tested regular jet fuel and not the secret jet fuel that the U.S. government. And it's not just U.S., Canada and Britain and other countries have made these claims as well. So it's semi-worldwide, but not in China, evidently. No, because there's no such thing as a contrailer or a chemtrail in China. They're the NWO's favorite. And then the Dennis Kucinich thing. Yeah, tell me about this I haven't heard. He, and this is something that the chemtrailers will point to. And there was a bill introduced by Dennis Kucinich, a dude I happened to like. Yeah. And the Space Preservation Act, HR 2977.

And it actually specifically banned chemtrails. And they said, see, they use the word chemtrails as a government act. It turns out it was not a bill that he had written. It was written by UFO enthusiasts. And some of the other things included in there that they wanted banned were plasma weapons, psychotronic weapons, extraterrestrial weapons, and climate weapons. Psychotronic weapons are real. Are they? I believe so. Like, remember the guy who went to Waco and like was saying he could like play this jumbled sound and it would drive everybody out of the house. And the FBI said, well, what happens if it doesn't work? And he said they'll probably just slit each other's throats. Psychotronic weapon. No, but it's what he had, the technology

he created was real. Okay. Russians. Apparently the story behind this is Kucinich didn't read the bill fully before he endorsed it. And then afterward he read it and said, oh, geez, here we go. He rewrote it. And then the bill died and was dropped in 2002, even after it was rewritten to omit all of the plasma weapons. Yeah, the gobbledygook. That's crazy. Wow. Yeah, that's a great piece of history. Well, yeah, I do remember we talked about how contrails, whether they're contrails, chemtrails, whatever. Yeah, they seem to have a very pronounced effect. You came across something in September 11 2001 climate study. Yeah, that was I remember they did study something. Because it's a really rare thing to not have any planes for a few days. Exactly. For three days,

all air traffic in the United States was grounded. Yeah. And there was for the first time since the history of the invention of the plane. Yeah, that's what I mean by rare. It's happened once. Right, exactly. Three straight days where there were no planes in the sky. So a couple of people scrambled to study any effects that happened. And they found that there was a diurnal temperature change, right? Which is what? Well, it's the temperature difference between day and night in a single day. Gotcha. They observed a 1.8 degree change from the other days, the other three days, Celsius, sorry, from the three days leading up to the 11th and the three days following the 14th. So that's pretty substantial. You said it was the largest contrails in 30 years that they'd

ever recorded. So that's serious. Yeah. So basically, contrails are real and they do have an effect. We just need to get rid of air travel. Right. My deal when it comes, and I wasn't going to do this in here, I go, my deal when it comes to any like conspiracy that's this vast and widespread. Yes. Where the airline industry is in on it and the dudes on the ground and that work for Delta are hard, you know, and on this. Right. It's just, it's so, has to be so vast that there would be some kind of proof. And there is no evidence that I never have not found any single person that's ever come out and say, you know what, I was a part of this program. No, I can't remember what that's called, where like the

absence of evidence is evidence itself. But yeah, in this case, I would say that that's pretty strong. And one of the other things that Kim trailers will say is, or people that don't believe it will say is, well, why are they doing this out in full view like where everyone can see it? And they go, exactly. Of course, they're going to do it in front of full view because then you won't suspect anything. Well, the irony is that there are chemicals that can be added to a jet's exhaust, but not to create chemtrails, but to keep contrails from forming. Oh, really? Yeah. The original stealth bomber had this extra option to make it still. Yes. That makes sense. They figured out, no, you can just fly to different altitude, stay away from wet areas and our pilots know what

they're doing. So they don't even use it or they didn't use it. But there's your irony right there for the episode. Well, and then one of the guys on the Discovery show said, you can't add aluminum to jet fuel like the plane wouldn't run. It wouldn't be able to handle that. Right. Why are these fish not running my outboard motor? Right. And finally, for me at least, the rise in the chemtrail conspiracy, although it had been around for a little while, really gained steam, they say, in 1999 and 2000, sort of coinciding with the massive pickup of internet. Well, not just that, this stuff. Change of the millennium. I think everybody was really paranoid in like the decade leading up to that. I think about one of the number one shows of that decade,

X Files. I love that show. That's great. This lady on the best evidence show sent all these pictures of different chemtrails to one of the atmospheric researchers. And she said, see here how this has become a sudden burst of a cloud. And this one's it had come from this chemtrail. Now it's a burst of a cloud. And he went, no, that's a cloud. And that's a chemtrail that it intersects it or doesn't. Maybe it's off by 20,000 feet. But it's like, that's just a cloud. And this is this. And this is that. And he explained every single picture. He's like, weird things happen depending on how high you are and how human it is and how the engine of the plane is running. He said they're going to look different. Yeah. Well, it's just easily explained.

The war on drugs impacts everyone whether or not you take America's public enemy. Number one is drug abuse. This podcast is going to show you the truth behind the war on drugs. They told me that I would be charged for conspiracy to distribute 2200 pounds of marijuana. Yeah. And they can do that without any drugs on the table without any drugs. Of course, yes, they can do that. And I'm the prime example. The war on drugs is the excuse our government uses to get away with absolutely insane stuff. Stuff that will piss you off. The property is guilty. Exactly. And it starts as guilty. It starts as guilty. Cops. Are they just like looting? Are they just like pillaging? They just have way better names for what they call like what we would call a jack

move or being robbed. They call civil asset. Be sure to listen to the war on drugs on the iHeart radio app, Apple podcast or wherever you get your podcast. On the podcast, Hey Dude, the 90s called David Lasher and Christine Taylor, stars of the cult classic show, Hey Dude, bring you back to the days of slipdresses and choker necklaces. We're going to use Hey Dude as our jumping off point, but we are going to unpack and dive back into the decade of the 90s. We lived it. And now we're calling on all of our friends to come back and relive it. It's a podcast packed with interviews, co stars, friends and nonstop references to the best decade ever. Do you remember going to blockbuster? Do you remember

Nintendo 64? Do you remember getting frosted tips? Was that a cereal? No, it was hair. Do you remember AOL instant messenger and the dial up sound like poltergeist? So leave a code on your best friends beeper because you'll want to be there when the nostalgia starts flowing. Each episode will rival the feeling of taking out the cartridge from your Game Boy blowing on it and popping it back in as we take you back to the 90s. Listen to Hey Dude, the 90s called on the iHeart radio app, Apple podcasts or wherever you get your podcasts. Chuck, Josh, you should be very proud of yourself because you helped take a two page, 600, 700 word article and turn it into a 30 minute plus podcast. Without much chaff. Without much silver needles. Hey, you were half of that.

I was less than that. You did good. So that's chemtrails. If you want to read this six, 700 word article, you can type in chemtrails, C-H-E-M-T-R-A-I-L-S. If you got three and a half minutes to burn in the search bar at howstuffworks.com and I said search bar. So it's time for listener mail. Josh, I'm going to call this. I've got my poop card. I'm not afraid to use it. Oh, this is a good one. You remember this? Yeah, this is from Tina. Hi, guys. Just listened to how the digestive system works and loved it. I've been waiting to have a cool reason to write in once again, one of those, but never felt like I had any kind of expertise until you mentioned Crohn's disease. I was diagnosed in 2008, had surgery to remove a section of my small intestine. I'd never

heard of the disease until the doc told me he had removed 14 centimeters of my intestine that had been severely affected by it. I was glad you mentioned what we're going through and I can answer a question you raised. I'm a member of the Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America and they did send me a card that says, I can't wait and it's in all caps too, which I guess it is on the card. And it explains on the card that I have a medical condition that requires immediate need of the restroom. I keep it my wallet and it's coming handy for all those emergencies. My boyfriend thinks it's hilarious. I do too, actually, but it makes me feel better having it around just in case. I'd love to hear you read a part of this on the podcast, done.

It would make me and my poor Crohn's-infested shortened intestines so happy. And yes, I'm playing the sympathy card and that is Tina. She has a, I can't wait card. And a sympathy card. And a sympathy card. So there's a card. Yeah. Chuck, you did a portion, was that 14 centimeters of her email? Is that the portion? That's what she said. Yeah. Okay. Why? She asked if we'd read a portion of it. Oh, gotcha. It wasn't that good. No, I like it. Okay. Well, if you have had a significant part of your body removed, we'd like to hear about it. You can tweet it to us if the part is 140 characters or less. That's S-Y-S-K podcast. One word. That's a Twitter handle. You can join us on Facebook, Facebook.com, stuff you should know. And you can send us an old-fashioned

email to stuffpodcast at howstuffworks.com. For more on this and thousands of other topics, visit howstuffworks.com. To learn more about the podcast, click on the podcast icon in the upper right corner of our homepage. The How Stuff Works iPhone app has arrived. Download it today on iTunes. Brought to you by the reinvented 2012 Camry. It's ready. Are you? The war on drugs is the excuse our government uses to get away with absolutely insane stuff, stuff that'll piss you off. The cops, are they just like looting? Are they just like pillaging? They just have way better names for what they call like what we would call a jack move or being robbed. They call civil answer for it. Be sure to listen to the war on drugs on the iHeart Radio

app, Apple Podcast, or wherever you get your podcasts. In 1967, Joseph Stalin's only daughter flees Russia for her new home, America. Hello, everybody. I am very happy to be here. Hello. That story alone is worthy of a podcast, but Svetlana Svetlana is about what comes next, and it's the craziest story I've ever heard. It has KGB agents, a Frank Lloyd Wright commune, weird sex stuff, three Olgas, two Svetlanas, and one neurotic gay playwright. That's me. Listen to Svetlana Svetlana, January 30th on the iHeart Radio app, Apple Podcast, or wherever you get your podcasts.