Stuff You Should Know - Selects: How No-fly Zones Work

Episode Date: April 2, 2022

They have become such a ubiquitous tool used by the UN and NATO to intervene in international crises, that it seems like no-fly zones have been around forever. But it was only the 1990s that the first one was enacted and they've only be used twice more since then. Learn about this peculiar military tool with Chuck and Josh in this classic episode.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Hey, I'm Lance Bass, host of the new iHeart podcast Frosted Tips with Lance Bass. Do you ever think to yourself, what advice would Lance Bass and my favorite boy bands give me in this situation? If you do, you've come to the right place because I'm here to help. And a different hot sexy teen crush boy bander each week to guide you through life. Tell everybody, yeah, everybody about my new podcast and make sure to listen so we'll never, ever have to say bye, bye, bye. Listen to Frosted Tips with Lance Bass on the iHeart radio app, Apple podcast, or wherever you listen to podcasts. I'm Munga Chauticular and it turns out astrology is way more widespread than any of us want to

believe. You can find in Major League Baseball, International Banks, K-pop groups, even the White House. But just when I thought I had a handle on this subject, something completely unbelievable happened to me and my whole view on astrology changed. Whether you're a skeptic or a believer, give me a few minutes because I think your ideas are about to change too. Listen to Skyline Drive on the iHeart radio app, Apple podcast, or wherever you get your podcasts. Hey everybody, Chuck here on a hopefully lovely Saturday afternoon wherever you are. And this week, everybody, we are going to re-release the episode on no fly zones. I think for obvious reasons what's going on there in Ukraine with Russia's invasion and the idea of a no fly zone

being requested by Ukraine, America saying we can't really do that, the international community debating whether or not no fly zone is a good idea in this case. It's a very complicated situation and hopefully this episode that we recorded can shed some light on that. Although it is from quite a few years ago, it's basically still the same thing. It's not super complicated. And you can decide for yourself whether or not you think we should, as Americans, wade into those waters right now. So here we go with how no fly zones work. Welcome to Stuff You Should Know, a production of iHeart radio. Hey and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark and there's Charles W. Chuck Bryant.

Mad as heck and he's not going to take it anymore. I said heck. I revised a classic movie quote into heck. Yeah, network man. Have you seen that recently? I've never seen it. It was on Netflix streaming and I had it in my instant queue and passed it up. Well you should watch it again because you'll watch it now and go man when was this made? So far ahead of its time. Oh really? As far as like how things are in the media. Like coma. Yeah but when you watch network back then people said things like how ridiculous like stuff like this can never happen. Oh I see. It's prescient right? Very much so. Yeah I'll have to watch it then. Yeah it's a good one. Is it like what is it? What's that Aaron Sorkin show?

I don't like Aaron Sorkin. News hour? That's it. Yeah that just stinks. Is that what it's called? News hour? Newsroom. I didn't care for it other than the fact that it stars or guest starred Mr. Paul Schneider who's one of my one of my boys. So sometimes people accuse that show being preachy. What do you think? I just I'm not a Sorkin guy so he's a little wordy for me. I liked West Wing. I didn't watch it. You never watched West Wing? Not one episode. Guarantee you you would like it. You think? It was he he I hate to say this but it was like his his masterpiece from beginning. I'm not kidding Chuck I'm telling you this is somebody who didn't like Studio 60 who doesn't like newsroom. West Wing from beginning to end was just really great. I'll try it but I

swear the way that guy writes I'm always just like nobody talks like that. I'm with you I'm totally with you but this cast of characters the characters that he wrote the actors they they pulled it off. I've never seen it since. I'll give it a shot. I do. Paul Schneider's not on it. I'm coming to your house this afternoon and we're gonna watch them. Okay. Okay so I I guess that's the segue for no fly zones. Not a bad setup because this is political and presidential. I have something actually I have a bit of an intro. Okay well let's let's hear it. You've heard of the Wright Brothers Dayton's Pride Orville and Wilbur Wright. Oh yeah can join twins? Yes. No they weren't. I know okay but they did fly they did build the first airplane. Yes that flew and they flew it

out at Kitty Hawk North Carolina and after they had that flight actually I think before they undertook that flight while they were still in the development stage they went to the United States government and said hey war department you want in on this action? Not once not twice but thrice did the war department turn the Wright brothers down? Say what good are planes in the warfare? Exactly. Luckily there was a very smart person heading the post office department who said okay maybe you shouldn't drop bricks out of airplanes onto people's heads but we could use this to deliver the mail. Martin Van Nostrand? Right. To heck with the auto gyro we're going to start using this Wright brothers plane to deliver mail and for three years the only aircraft that

were in service under the United States government was for delivering mail. And then a postal carrier in as a pilot accidentally dropped a mail bomb right and they went wow that's a good idea. That works very well yeah it didn't take very long for the war department to be like oh okay maybe we should use this and by 1914 the aviation section of the signal corps was set up and all of a sudden planes were militarized. Wow. Within just years of their invention they were being used to murder people. Yeah and this article points out in 1937 Spanish fascist dropped a bunch of bombs on the town of Guernica. A hundred thousand pounds of explosives killed 1600 people in. Yeah well not only was it the explosives people were running out of town and they were gunning

them down civilians yeah so that's what fascists do. As outrageous and horrible as that is it was definitely the beginning of what would be a long romance in warfare with the plane. Yeah you had the the red baron Eddie Rickenbacker. Yeah. A very long bloody history associated with planes and war. When the the fascists in Spain used planes to take out a lot of civilians the world was you know appropriately disgusted. Sure. Wasn't a whole lot that could be done. No. It actually wasn't until the very early 1990s that people figured out a way to use planes to thwart planes from being used against civilian populations by their own government. Yeah I thought no fly zones had been around long before that so this was very eye-opening. I had no idea that it was

in the 1990s when they first did this. Right no fly zones are new they've only been used three times. Yeah I didn't know that either. Like it just seems like there's something that they just commonly do yeah but it's kind of a big deal to issue a no fly zone and the reason why is because what you're doing is intervening in a sovereign nation undermining the power of the ruler of that nation. Choosing sides. In a way you're saying at the very least I'm not going to let you just slaughter these civilians. Right. I'm not going to cast my lot one way or the other really but I'm going to protect these civilians and it takes a United Nations mandate to even get started. That's right. So you want to talk about the first one. Yes let's harken back to the spring of 1991.

I'm in college. Okay. Drinking a lot of beer. That's where I first discovered beer. I was drinking a lot of beer too and I wasn't in college. Well I'm just kidding I was. We were talking about that there. So 1991 I remember sitting around and watching like this stuff on CNN for the first time like being interested in politics really for the first time. Oh yeah. Yeah that's kind of when I got into stuff like that. Well that was the first war that was really televised. I mean Vietnam was. Oh yeah. But this was the one that this is the first one that had like 24 hour coverage. Yeah. Was the was the first Gulf War and it was spectacular to watch. It was pretty enthralling especially when you're you know 20 years old and you're sitting around

with your friends drinking beer. Yeah. Like look at that skid. Safe in Athens Georgia. Yeah. So what happened there was a guy named Saddam Hussein. He was not doing very nice things to the people in Kuwait. Well well put. And the Kurdish minority in northern Iraq was encouraged by American radio broadcasts to revolt like take a stand. And so they did. And Saddam Hussein sent gunships and with napalm and chemical weapons and helicopters. Because that's that's what you do. That's what he does. When you have a civilian population that's unhappy with your rule. Yeah. And so they fled basically hundreds of thousands of them. Kurdish civilians fled and sort of got wedged there at the Turkish border. Yeah because the Turks were like yeah we feel

for you but stay there. Yeah. So don't cross over here. They didn't have food and water and HW Bush President George HW Bush and allies in Europe said you know what oh boy I don't know what to do here because we kind of encourage these people to do this and now they're stuck in between a rock and a hard place and but we really don't think we should invade and remove Saddam Hussein like with all of our might. Yeah let's give that another 10 12 years. Exactly. Or we could go to the UN in 91 and say hey how about passing a resolution against this guy. Right which is what they did. Which they did. They said okay we're going to deliver humanitarian aid to these Kurds who are trapped along the Turkish border and Hussein if you do anything to interfere we're

going to bomb you. We're going to take on your guys that you send to interfere at the very least right. And not only that we're establishing a safe zone for these people. It's above the 36th parallel and if you send any planes over there we're going to take them on. So this is what we're going to call a no fly zone. It was the first one. And Saddam Hussein went no fly zone. I've never heard of such a thing. That's stupid. And the UN said that's because it's brand new jerk. Right. And he was like oh I'm the first one. He went first. Firsties. So they did this and then in 1992 a second no fly zone south of the 32nd parallel was established to protect the Shiite Muslims. Who also rose up under the encouragement of the United States. If you're interested in this kind of thing check

out Three Kings. Oh great. It was a lot to do about that. It was after the uprisings had started and also after the time the United States didn't come support them. Remember the one scene where when the guy made marky mark drink the oil. Yeah. That was hardcore man. I thought it was a little over the hand fisted of David O. Russell. You think? Yeah. You don't like that guy though. You got problems with him. No. I like Three Kings a lot. Okay. What else has he done that I've seen? So Reliance Playbook he didn't like. I thought it was okay. Yeah. See. You don't love him. But I like Three Kings a lot. I thought that was a good movie. Yeah. Me too. So no fly zone is going on. Saddam Hussein violates said no fly zone. He's like yeah well what's

going to happen? Let me send some jets up there and we responded by or the coalition I should say responded by shooting down these aircraft or destroying just you know military targets on the ground because that's as we found out one of the parts of a no fly zone to be effective is to also bomb like radar equipment and stuff on the ground. That can get jets up in the air and guide them. Yeah. Disable their force. Can also find your jets. So you want to disable their force like you said but you also want to protect your own force. The thing was this is very new. The UN was a little squeamish at the idea of undermining again a sovereign ruler. A jerk. Yeah. Everyone agreed but still a sovereign ruler and kind of one of the stabilizing forces of the Middle East whether

the US liked it or not. Yeah. So they just kind of said yeah protect these people but just really you got to take it all in a case by case basis. Can't be the least bit aggressive you have to be completely reactive. Yeah. And even then maybe we should just kind of chase them out of the no flies zone rather than shoot them down. Right. Over time after sortie after sortie after sortie they started just by attrition wearing down Hussein's defenses and his air force. Yeah. Just because he kept sending them in we kept shooting them down. Until 2003 when we you know went in in full force and took out Saddam Hussein. Right. The northern part and the southern part of Iraq was off limits to Saddam Hussein for 12 years his own country. There was a wide swath

in the middle that he could move around it but anything else he wasn't allowed. Okay. So those are the that's the first use of the no fly zone ever. Right. In the early 1990s when Yugoslavia broke up NATO forces said all right how about another no fly zone. We're going to authorize this one. It's 1993 over the breakaway region of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It was called Operation Denied Flight. Which is terrible. Little on the nose. Yeah. We want to talk about on the nose. Yeah. David Arosil named said mission. And it was going to block Bosnian Serbs who controlled all the military aircraft in that region. Right. And who were using it against all of their neighbors that they were going to war against specifically the Muslims. Yeah. Serbian Muslims. Right.

Yeah. In a big way. Yeah. So the I guess NATO undertook that no fly zone. Yeah. That was number two. Yeah. And that was a little more aggressive I believe they went after they'd learned from you know guess about eight years of Iraqi no fly zone that you really kind of have to go after like military installations and anything that can be used to violate the no fly zone. And maybe even go a little step further as punishment like not only is is are we going to shoot down your plane we're going to maybe blow up your base and pants you. Right. In front of everyone. Right. So that was the second no fly zone. Yeah. The third was even more aggressive. Yeah. Against Gaddafi just a couple of years ago in 2011. That's right. And it lasted about

six months I believe. Oh yeah. Yeah. It was extremely effective. Yeah. Well that's because they authorized quote all necessary measures to protect the Libyan civilians and that was you know that meant a lot of a lot of bombs being dropped. Right. A lot of cruise missiles taking out bases on land. This one was named by Ang Lee. It was called Operation Odyssey Dawn. It was the result of UN Security Council Resolution 1973. Yeah. Which is confusing because it was carried out in 2011. That's right. But basically it said you guys we think Gaddafi is totally not so and he's going to kill a lot of his own people. Yeah. Go in there and declare all of Libya a no fly zone and NATO said OK let's do it. Right. So US and British led NATO coalition

kind of took the reins. That's right. And turned this 680,000 square mile country. Yeah. Which is about 1.7 million square kilometers. Yeah. Into a no fly zone. All of Libya was a no fly zone. to when questions arise or times get tough or you're at the end of the road. OK. See what you're doing. Do you ever think to yourself what advice would Lance Bass and my favorite boy bands give me in this situation. If you do you've come to the right place because I'm here to help this. I promise you. Oh God. Seriously. I swear. And you won't have to send an SOS because I'll be there for you. Oh man. And so my husband Michael. Hey that's me. Yeah. We know that Michael and a different hot sexy teen crush boy band are each week to guide you through life step by step. Not another one.

Kids relationships life in general can get messy. You may be thinking this is the story of my life. Just stop now. If so tell everybody everybody about my new podcast and make sure to listen. So we'll never ever have to say bye bye bye. Listen to Frosted Tips with Lance Bass on the iHeart radio app Apple podcast or wherever you listen to podcasts. I'm Mangesh Atikala and to be honest I don't believe in astrology. But from the moment I was born it's been a part of my life in India. It's like smoking. You might not smoke but you're going to get secondhand astrology. And lately I've been wondering if the universe has been trying to tell me to stop running and pay attention because maybe there is magic in the stars if you're willing to look for it.

So I rounded up some friends and we dove in and let me tell you it got weird fast. Tantric curses, major league baseball teams, canceled marriages, K-pop. But just when I thought I had to handle on this sweet and curious show about astrology my whole world came crashing down. Situation doesn't look good. There is risk to father. And my whole view on astrology it changed. Whether you're a skeptic or a believer I think your ideas are going to change too. Listen to Skyline Drive and the iHeart radio app, Apple podcast or wherever you get your podcasts. All right. So since this is a new thing there is no, as this article says, playbook. There's not like an exact way that these go into effect. It sort of depends on what you're dealing with,

what countries you're dealing with. But the first thing that you have to do according to chapter 7, article 42 of the UN Charter is get the 15 member UN Security Council on board. Right. Which sounds easy but it's not necessarily because you have five permanent members, the UK, France, the US, China and Russia. And China and Russia love to veto anything that the US, the UK and France are all about. Which is good. It's called a balance of power. Specifically with Libya, France or Russia and China, they were against it. But they were persuaded to abstain from the vote. Because all it takes is one permanent member nation on the Security Council of veto and it's done. Yeah. I wonder what that persuasion entailed.

Looking the other way on human rights violations maybe. I have no idea. But I'm sure it wasn't just as easy as, hey, you mind sitting this one out? Sure, no problem. Right. I'm drunk anyway. So the UN resolution for the Libyan no fly zone, it's a pretty good example of how this kind of thing can work. So no flights in Libyan airspace. Bands all flying unless it's a humanitarian mission carrying food or water or getting out foreign nationals who are in like bad places. Yeah. You're allowed to do that. Other than that, no fly. No fly. And it's not, you don't just shoot down any plane on site. No. When you're patrolling the no fly zone, if a plane is flying in Libyan airspace, you want to first figure out if it was there

accidentally or if it's hostile. And if it's hostile, you go back to the ground and say, hey man, can I shoot this thing down? Yeah. Well, first you got to figure out who's doing the shooting. You know, you got to set it all up. Oh, well, yeah. Who's going to be enforcing all this? I was just jumping ahead a little. Okay. Yeah, you got to figure out who's in charge of the operation basically. In the case of Libya, it was NATO. And then you establish the rules of engagement, which is partially has to do with, hey, do we shoot first and ask questions later? Right. Do we check passports? How is this going to work? Right. And like you said, in Libya, it was pretty aggressive. The first thing that happened

on day one was the US and I believe the UK sailed warships off the coast of Libya and started shooting missiles into Libya's interior, knocking out military installations, radar installations, as much of the Libyan military as, or at least air force as could be destroyed. 112 Tomahawk cruise missiles. Boom. Yeah. Each one precisely shot. That's right. And I love the article says the goal is to shape the battle space in quotes. Yeah, that's a euphemism, huh? Yeah, big time. So after this, they send in the drone surveillance aircraft to check things out, see what's going on. And did you get the impression that US is kind of showing off a little bit like, well, we've got some missiles we can use. And then

afterward, we'll send in our unmanned drones and make sure everything's bombed. And then after that, we're going to send in radar jamming equipment just in case you have anything left on the ground. Right. We'll take care of that too. Yeah. That was the first like two days. Yeah. And Gaddafi's his air force was, you know, they call them vintage jets in this, in this article. And that's, in that case, vintage is not a good thing. Right. You know, it's from the 1960s. It's old gear, basically. It's vintage, not retro. That's right. So it's still, it was effective. It worked even beyond the fact that the jets were vintage and we crippled the, his radar system, his air force, military installations. There was still a lot of shoulder launched rockets

in Libya and estimated 600 to 1500, I believe, that like during this time Gaddafi was handing out to people who were on his side. Yeah. And Saddam Hussein famously offered a bounty on any aircraft shot down of like 14 grand, which I thought, why not 15? You know? Yeah. That was a weird number. I wonder if that, if that makes like a significant round number in Iraqi money. Oh, maybe so. You know? It's a lot of Denari. Yes. Thank you. You shouldn't invest in those by the way. That's a big scam. Invest in Denari? Yeah. Have you heard of people doing that? No. It's a thing where people buy up Iraqi Denari and thinking like they're going to hit it big one day. You shouldn't do that. Why? Well, it's just, you do a lot of research and it's sort of one of the scams. Is it? Yeah.

So like if you bought Denari from a legitimate currency broker, it's still not a good investment? No. I know someone who did it. Oh no. Yeah. Is it possible it's going to come back in 10 years? Doubt it. Are they going to go Euro? I don't know. But yeah, that's just a sidebar. Okay. That was a nice one. Save your money, folks. So we were talking about the possibility that a NATO jet or any jet patrolling in no-fly zone could get shot down by some dude on the ground. Yeah. It hasn't happened. No, but it could. That had to be one lucky shot. It raises one of the concerns. Actually, it has happened. It hasn't happened from somebody on the ground. Yeah. But it raises a concern, a risk that we're sending in people, again, into a sovereign nation. Sure. That maybe he

has to deal with his own problems. Yeah. And we're putting our people in danger for that. Most people, I think, myself included, sighed on the idea of going in and protecting civilians from certain slaughter. Sure. But I do agree that there is a risk as well. And Scott McGrady, remember him? Oh, yeah. Yeah. Owen Wilson. Yeah. During the Balkan War, during that no-fly zone, he was shot down, I guess, by a Serbian plane? It was a surface-to-air missile. Oh, okay. So somebody has shot down somebody from the ground. Well, I don't know if it was a person. Okay. Well, he was shot down patrolling in no-fly zone. Yeah. And he was in very big trouble for a little while. Had he not been quite the survivalist, who knows what would have happened because the Serbs

were hot on his trail. Yeah. And he spent six days evading them. Yeah, he did a really good job and emerged a hero. Yeah, he ate ants and lived on collected rainwater and avoided the bad guys. Yeah. And eventually got through a radio signal. To Gene Hackman? Picked up. And Gene Hackman was like, we're going to get you out of there. Yeah. Uncommon valor. Man, that was a good one. Is that what you're referencing? No, Gene Hackman was in the Owen Wilson movie, too. Oh, was he really? I'm pretty sure he was the one that was in charge of saving him. Oh, man. Well, he's always going in and saving. Sure. In Uncommon Valor, it was his son. He was a Vietnam POW, right? Yeah. Randall Texkov. Yeah, what was his name in it? I don't remember. That movie came out at a great

time for me, though. It was the perfect age. He wore like a live grenade around his neck, remember? Yeah. That's the second time we talked about Uncommon Valor in like two months. When was the other one? I remember. I don't remember. I do remember talking about it. Probably what happens if the earth stops spinning? Yeah, probably so. So you got anything else? I guess we had the opportunity to really invade Libya. And President Obama said, you know what? Let's not do that. Let's not do the regime change game. Well, a lot of people are like, we shouldn't be there in the first place. Right. A lot of other people are like, this is a half measure. If you're going to go do that and just wipe out somebody's military,

you might as well do a ground invasion and take over and topple the regime. Like you said, Obama was like, no, let's give it a shot. And he was proven right in Libya at least. Yeah, because even if you take out their air defenses and their air offenses, I guess, they still have way better weaponry and stuff on the ground than these uprising forces do. Right. And it worked in Libya. It didn't necessarily work in the Balkans. A lot of people point to the slaughter at Srebrenica. Srebrenica. Oh, yeah. Yeah. 7,000 Muslim boys and men were killed by the Bosnians who are being tried for war crimes because of it. But the no-fly zone didn't do anything to prevent it. That's right. So, I mean, is it effective? It can be. I'd say that we don't

have a large enough body of work to study from here. We need to get some more going. Get some more no-fly zones. Yeah. I remember how creepy it was after 9-11 when all the planes were shut down. Remember that? Oh, yeah. It was just so odd. Yeah, it was. You don't realize how used to the sounds in the chemtrails and chemtrails. The chemtrails. We did an episode on that, didn't we? On comtrails. We did our comtrails, chemtrails. Yeah. You know what I mean. Okay. I guess that's about it, right? Yeah. If you want to learn more about no-fly zones, you can type no-fly zone into the search bar at howstuffworks.com. And before we get to the listener mail, let's do a word from our sponsor. Ah, okay. I see what you're doing. Do you ever think to yourself, what advice would Lance Bass and

my favorite boy bands give me in this situation? If you do, you've come to the right place because I'm here to help. This, I promise you. Oh, God. Seriously, I swear. And you won't have to send an SOS because I'll be there for you. Oh, man. And so my husband, Michael. Um, hey, that's me. Yeah, we know that, Michael. And a different hot, sexy teen crush boy bander each week to guide you through life step by step. Oh, not another one. Kids, relationships, life in general can get messy. You may be thinking, this is the story of my life. Just stop now. If so, tell everybody, yeah, everybody about my new podcast and make sure to listen so we'll never, ever have to say bye, bye, bye. Listen to Frosted Tips with Lance Bass on the iHeart radio app, Apple podcast, or wherever

you listen to podcasts. I'm Mangesh Atikular. And to be honest, I don't believe in astrology. But from the moment I was born, it's been a part of my life in India. It's like smoking. You might not smoke, but you're going to get secondhand astrology. And lately, I've been wondering if the universe has been trying to tell me to stop running and pay attention. Because maybe there is magic in the stars, if you're willing to look for it. So I rounded up some friends and we dove in and let me tell you, it got weird fast. Tantric curses, major league baseball teams, canceled marriages, K-pop. But just when I thought I had to handle on this sweet and curious show about astrology, my whole world came crashing down. Situation doesn't look good. There is risk to father.

And my whole view on astrology, it changed. Whether you're a skeptic or a believer, I think your ideas are going to change too. Listen to Skyline Drive and the I Heart Radio app, Apple Podcast, or wherever you get your podcasts. All right. Listen to mail time? Yeah. Okay, Josh, I'm going to call this Pushy Kid Gets His Way. Which I try not to do, but this... Everybody loves it when pushy kids get there. This is a shout out for a teacher. This is Jack and Jack and I had been emailing each other and he says, by the way, I think I told you in the past about my civics teacher that listens to the show.

This week we have a special project in this class is to make a podcast about one of the Supreme Court cases we've been studying. For some hints, we listened to tidbits of your show and my teacher and I just grin from ear to ear at each other like a really funny inside joke, because they're like the only two in the class that listen. Gotcha. I plan for my pseudonym to be either Chuck or even Chuckers, if you would allow. I give you permission, sir. Okay. He says he sees himself as a younger version of me, which is frightening. That's nice. Although the actual content of the show is more like this American life,

because we are required to have Collins. This American life doesn't have Collins. Do they? I don't know. I don't think so either. I will always think to myself that I'm sitting there in your little studio. If you can give my spectacular teacher Mr. Christoff a shout out that would be mind-boggling, stupendously incredible, but I understand if you can't. Mr. Christoff? Yep. Mr. Christoff is a civics teacher and I said, sure, Jack, I'll do that. And then he emailed again from Washington DC and said, I hate to seem demanding Chuck,

but if you could also mention Mrs. Christoff, because I have her for math and I don't want to make her feel left out. So if it's too late, I get it. I can't complain. This might be the best day of my life after all. Have a nice long weekend. And that is Jack outside Washington DC and Mr. and Mrs. Christoff. Good job listening to the show and we thank you for using it in your classroom. Yes. Thank you to the Christoffs, Mr. and Mrs. Christoff. Thank you for shaping young minds. We appreciate that. Yeah. Shout out. And way to go, Jack. You're a cool dude. If you have a shout out you want us to give, Chuck gives in on those pretty frequently. Sometimes. You can tweet to us at syskpodcast. You can join us on facebook.com slash stuff

you should know. Or you can send us an email to stuffpodcast.howstuffworks.com. Stuff you should know is a production of I Heart Radio. For more podcasts, my heart radio, visit the I Heart Radio app, Apple podcasts or wherever you listen to your favorite shows. Hey, I'm Lance Bass, host of the new I Heart podcast Frosted Tips with Lance Bass. Do you ever think to yourself, what advice would Lance Bass and my favorite boy bands give me in this situation? If you do, you've come to the right place because I'm here to help and a different hot sexy teen crush boy bander each week to guide you through life. Tell everybody, yeah, everybody about my new podcast and make sure to listen so we'll never ever have to say bye, bye, bye.

Listen to Frosted Tips with Lance Bass on the I Heart Radio app, Apple podcast or wherever you listen to podcasts. I'm Munga Chauticular and it turns out astrology is way more widespread than any of us want to believe. You can find in major league baseball, international banks, K-pop groups, even the White House. But just when I thought I had a handle on this subject, something completely unbelievable happened to me and my whole view on astrology changed. Whether you're a skeptic or a believer, give me a few minutes because I think your ideas are about to change too. Listen to Skyline Drive on the I Heart Radio app, Apple podcasts or wherever you get your podcasts.