Stuff You Should Know - Selects: How the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World Work, Part II

Episode Date: July 6, 2024

In this classic episode, we finish revisiting our 2017 tour of the best sights of the ancient world when we get deep into the history of a lighthouse that stood for 1200 years, an unsettling statue of Zeus, the world’s first mausoleum, and Chuck’s favorite, the Colossus of Rhodes!See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

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or wherever you get your podcasts. Guys, we are back. We are so excited. It is season two of your favorite New Girl Rewatch podcast. We have got a new season, we got a new name. We've got some of your favorite people from the New Girl universe.

We've got the creator and show runner, Liz Merriwether. We've got the Max Greenfield, Olivia Munn. We also have some of your least favorites, like Jake Johnson. Lamorne. Hannah, what's up? We do have Jake Johnson though. Yeah.

Listen to the mess around on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts. Chuck here, hope everyone's doing well on this lovely Saturday. I gotta say, if you've been sitting around for two weeks, wondering what the other seven wonders of the ancient world are, well, that is some serious patience, my friends.

So here it is, part two, continuing from two weeks ago, how the seven wonders of the ancient world work. Continuing from two weeks ago, how the seven wonders of the ancient world work. Welcome to Stuff You Should Know, a production of iHeartRadio. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark and there's Charles W. Chuck Bryant and there's guest producer Noel again and that makes this stuff you should know part two. That's right. Did you ever see Hot Shots Part 2 the sequel?

No, you know, I didn't see a lot of those movies at all except for the airplane movies and the naked gun movies. The Hot Shots movies were worth seeing. Did not see those, did not see any of naked gun movies. The hot shots movies were worth seeing. Did not see those, did not see any of the scary movies. Oh, the scary movies? You haven't seen those? Nope. All of them are good.

Like every single one of those are good. Really? Yeah. I did record a movie crush yesterday for the movie Scream though. Oh yeah, with who? Nate Bargatze-huh comedian sure so we it was interesting that I had to do scream research and like that movie Changed like horror movies were on their last legs Yes, they were not to say that in something else might not have come along

But it was scream that like revitalized a genre. Yep. That's pretty cool. Yeah, it was kind of a watershed movie. Did we talk about that in the horror movies that changed the genre? Geez, did we? I'm pretty sure we had to. Boy, if we didn't, we missed out. Well, if we didn't, we probably just said, and obviously Scream. We don't even need to mention that.

Well, it launched the Scream franchise. It launched the Scary Movie franchise in a way. Oh yeah. And relaunched the genre. Yeah. So Scary Movies worth seeing, Hot Shots is worth seeing. Naked Guns worth seeing. Of course. Although I would put either one of the Hot Shots up against the third Naked Gun any day

of the week. That's my bookie. Over the third Naked Gun? Yeah. Okay. That's fair bookie. Over the third naked gun? Yeah. Okay, that's fair. Yeah. And then don't get me started on, what was it, like the godson? The what?

The godson? I don't know what that is. It was like a godfather spoof that Leslie Nielsen was in with Dom Del Louise. I haven't even seen more than five minutes of it. I don't even know what that is. You stumped me. Oh, good. Thank you. Well, that's a good start to this. I don't even know what that is and you stumped me. Oh good. Thank you That's a good start to this episode. Don't you think you're welcome? Thank you

So Chuck yes, we're moving on we've already talked about the Great Pyramids at Khufu We talked about the Hanging Gardens of Babylon and the temple of Artemis at Ephesus, right? All three of them, top, top notch. Yeah, and if you don't know what we're talking about now, and this is your first episode of Stuff You Should Know Ever, this is the second of a two-part episode. There you go. On the seven ancient, Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. And here's part two.

Right, and we're gonna start with the Statue of Zeus at Olympia. You have to say it like that. There's no other way to say it. That's how, well, who's the guy's name? The boxing guy? That guy. I don't know his name.

Yeah. He used to stand at the statue of Zeus and say that on an hourly basis. Yeah. It's pretty amazing stuff. at the statue of Zeus and say that on an hourly basis. Yeah. It's pretty amazing stuff. So this one is one of my favorites, but not my favorite. I promise that my favorite was in here, but this is not quite it. Okay.

Although it's close because, you know, this is the main deal here. Olympia, Zeus, this is no run of the mill guide in some cast off city. No, it was the site of the first Olympics, so it was a pretty important city. Very important. It was nowhere near Mount Olympus though, curiously, but it was pretty important, right? Yes. This one to me is the most ho-hum of them all.

Oh yeah? Mm-hmm. Not quite sure why, but I am just kind of like whatever about it. All right. Well, the temple, let's talk about the temple at first. Okay. And also I should warn you that this article has the proportions wildly incorrect. Oh, how tall it was?

Yeah. All right. What is it for real? This article says it was 210 feet tall. That's a 20-story building. The temple was not as tall as a 20-story building. It was 68 feet tall. How did they get it that wrong?

I don't know. I just don't know. It's staggering. It's as staggering as this temple would have been had it been 200 feet tall. It doesn't even say it was somewhere between 68 and 210 feet. Right. It's weird. Oh, that's annoying.

Everything else is right about it though. Okay. So it was 68 feet tall, still pretty impressive. Sure. For the time. Well, yeah. But I would have to say if somebody, if you were driving through Dunwoody, you saw a 68 foot tall temple, you would probably still be impressed even though somebody just built

it. So I think it's still impressive even today. Yes. So the temple is fairly impressive, but inside we're talking about the statue mainly. The Greek artist Phidias was commissioned. And I imagine these artists were paid pretty handsomely for these jobs. Jared Ranere Yeah, because, you know, there's only a few

of them who were capable of doing this at the time. Jon Moffitt Yeah, I mean, there are only a few people in the world who could do this now on something of this scale. Jared Ranere Sure. Jon Moffitt So they said, hey, Zeus is the man. We want a statue of Zeus. And he said, yeah, I can knock that out. It's 450 BC, shouldn't take me too long. Eight years later, he was finished. Jared Ranere Right. And he used some really weird materials.

So the temple itself, it was like a standard temple, 68 feet tall, like all of them were, a bunch of columns, that kind of thing. But the statue inside is apparently what was the big draw. And one of the reasons why it was something to see was because Phidias used ivory and gold rather than marble, which was pretty much what you used to make a statue back at that time. And they think one of the reasons why he used, not ebony, but ivory and gold was... Right. The reason why they thought that was because he was building a statue to Zeus, right? It needed to be special. This is like the king of the gods.

Kevin Kiley Yeah. Ivory was definitely something that people would travel to see a statue made of ivory of Zeus. So basically, Zeus is sitting down in this statue and he's sitting just straight up. He's not like, you know how Lincoln and his memorials kind of chilling in his seat? Zeus is not chilling. He's sitting up ready for action. Okay, he's like, what'd you say? What'd you say?

Kind of. The statue itself was about 50 feet high, which is super impressive. Like when you see a rendering of what someone looked like standing at the base of this thing, it's really pretty striking. And one of the things they said about it was that if he stood up, his head would have burst through the roof of the temple, which was probably pretty cool to see too. I would-

Yeah, because if he was sitting down at 50 feet, he totally would have. Right. He would have just been like, Sue Smash. So he's holding in one hand a statue of Nike. So it's a statue holding a statue. And Nike was a winged goddess, a victory, right? So it's kind of like his version of Tinkerbell hanging out in his hand. And in the other hand, he's holding a scepter,

which is pretty appropriate for the king of the gods. And again, he's seated on this throne. And yeah, if you look at artists' rendering of them, we should say here, most of this stuff by the time these lists were written were already aged and then they've crumbled over time. So we actually don't know exactly what they looked like. Some people saw them firsthand, but a lot of this information comes from secondhand

sources or even further down the chain than that. So we're not exactly certain of what they looked like, but for most of these, because they were so widely regarded as seven wonders of the ancient world that you have to see, that enough people wrote about them, talked about them, that if you really spent some time, you could put these sources together and come up with probably an accurate description of what it looked like. Yeah, for sure. The remarkable thing about this one is, apparently, was the expression on Zeus' face. Not only is he sitting straight up, ready for action, he just had this look on his face that was kind of intimidating, I guess you could say.

You've disappointed me and your mother. That's what it said. Intimidating I guess you could say you've disappointed me and your mother And the legend has it and I don't buy this at all but Phidias said that Once I'm finished with this thing He asked for Zeus's blessing on the sculpture and a bolt of lightning struck the temple at that very moment All right, I don't believe it. No No, as a matter of fact, if you do believe that right in so we can tell you that you're wrong so said, no, no. As a matter of fact, if you do believe that, write in so we can tell you that you're wrong. So, there were a couple of issues with this statue. Number one, it was built a couple hundred years, a few hundred years before Christianity began and then started to spread in the area. Once that happened, the worshipers of Zeus who still remained said,

we need to get this out of here. These Christians, they don't play around. They're going to get rid of this thing, right? And they moved the statue to Constantinople. And it stayed there safe for a while, actually, apparently housed in a palace. But one of the things about the statue was it was made of gold and ivory, but those things were overlaid on top of a wooden sculpture. Yeah. Which is kind of like, it's pretty slack-fittiest. Maybe you should have stuck with the marble.

Maybe. But the palace in Constantinople caught fire. Yeah, that's a problem. Because marble doesn't burn, does it? No, it doesn't. Yeah, so it would have survived. But he cheaped out. Let's be honest.

Yeah, he phoned this one in. Yeah, and they were right to have moved that thing because the Christians did come in and take care of business, shut down that temple in 391 AD. But by that time, the statue was gone at least. But yeah, burned in a fire. So earthquakes and fires are taking out all of the wonders. Matthew F. Buechner Earthquakes, fires and Christians.

Matthew S. Buechner Yeah. Matthew F. Buechner The great levelers. Matthew S. Buechner Pretty much. Matthew F. Buechner So, back in, I think in 1950, this guy, and again, like this stuff just sat in the realm of legend for a long time. Although I think the, I think the ruins of the temple itself are still around, aren't they? That I'm not sure.

I think they might be. Like over the last two days, I've seen so many pictures. I have too. Of ancient temple ruins that I'm like, wait, which one is that? Yeah, it's hard to tell. Brain's mush, right? I think this one may still be around in Olympia, the ruins of the temple.

You can still make out a couple of steps leading up to it, that kind of thing. And there's like the posts of a couple pillars or whatever. But they found in 1950 the workshop that Phidias used beside the temple. And apparently, we're able to recreate using the molds that they found probably what the statue looked like. Which is pretty impressive just working from old molds. Yeah, not only that, but these were on coins, right? Oh yeah, that's right.

That's the other one. Yeah, they were on Greek coins. So this isn't one where you really had to guess so much what it looked like because on those coins there is a lot of detail about what it looked like. Because coins, they originated there, where they ended up, eventually would give a little indication on how far people had traveled to come see this thing when they carried those coins back. Yeah, it made me wonder, were those coins currency or were they, like, souvenirs?

Like if you go to Dollywood or Kennedy Space Center or something like that and get a coin made. Yeah, I didn't think about that. I wonder. Because I mean, this was an age where there were tourists and they were already selling the replicas of the Temple of Artemis as tourist mementos. I wonder if these coins were that too. Yeah. Pretty, pretty

neat to think about. Ancient tourists. Should we take a break? Yeah. All right. I'm going to contemplate that and we'll be back right after this. For so many people living with an autoimmune condition, the emotional toll is as real as the physical symptoms. Starting this May, join host, Martín Hackett for Season 3 of Untold Stories, Life with a Severe Autoimmune Condition, a Ruby Studio production, and partnership with Argenics. From myasthenia gravis, or MG, to chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, also known as CIDP, Untold Stories highlights the realities

of navigating life with these conditions, from challenges to triumphs. In this season, Martina and her guests discuss the range of emotions that accompany each stage of the journey. Whether it's the anxiety of misdiagnosis or the relief of finding support and community, nothing is off limits. And while each story is unique, the hope they inspire is shared by all. Listen to Untold Stories, Life with a Severe Autoimmune Condition on the iHeart

radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts. We all know what that music means. Is somebody getting coronated? No, it's time for the Olympics in Paris. The opening ceremony for the 2024 Paris Games is coming on July 26. Who are these athletes? When are the games they're playing? You may be looking for the sports experts to answer those questions, but we're not that. Well, what are we? We're two guys.

I'm Matt Rogers and I'm Bowen Yang. And we're doing an Olympics podcast. Uh, yeah, we're hosting the two guys, five rings podcast. You get the two guys, us, to start every podcast, then the five rings come after. Watch every moment of the 2024 Paris Olympics beginning July 26th on NBC and Peacock. And for the first time, you can stream the 2024 Paris Games on the iHeartRadio app. And listen to Two Guys Five Rings on the iHeartRadio app,

Apple podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts. Babe. Yeah, babe. Do you think they can hear us? Yeah, those are mics. Guys, we are back. We are so excited. It is season two of your favorite New Girl Rewatch podcast. We have got a new season. We got a new name and we got a brand new episode every week, starting July 2nd. Yeah, I am so excited for you folks to check out this mess around. We have got a new season. We got a new name and we got a brand new episode every week starting a July second Yeah, I am so excited for you folks to check out this mess around when I say it's gonna get weird I mean it's gonna be just a bit for the show. Okay, that's probably for the best We've got some of your favorite people from the new girl universe

We've got the creator and showrunner Liz Merriwether. We got the Max Greenfield Olivia Munn We also have some of your least favorites, like Jake Johnson. Lamour. No, I'm just saying, if you're listing off your favorites, Lamour. He's still a favorite. Just, Hannah, what's up? We do have Jake Johnson, though.

Yeah. Listen to the mess around on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts. Hey, fam. I'm Simone Boyce. I'm Danielle Robay. And we're the hosts of The Bright Side, the daily podcast from Hello Sunshine

that's guaranteed to light up your day. Every weekday, we bring you conversations with the culture makers who inspire us. Like our recent episode with comedians and sisters, Amber Ruffin and Lacey Lamar, on fighting racism with humor. It is really sad, and it's really shocking because there are no people funnier than black women.

They don't exist. Find a black lady librarian. She will have you rolling. Listen to The Bright Side from Hello Sunshine on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts. Okay, Chuck, here's my second favorite. Let's hear it. This isn't your favorite, huh? Are you sure you have a favorite?

I do. We're not there yet. Okay, all right. Well, this is my second favorite, the mausoleum at Halicarnassus. Okay. You don't like this one? It was alright. Mausoleums, I don't know, you've seen one, you've seen them all.

Well, this is the original one, like the word mausoleum came from this structure. Yeah, that only goes so far with me. Oh, I love that. The original thing? Yeah, I thought you were like an etymology kind of guy. Oh, I can be. But just not with mausoleum? Yeah, I don't know.

There's something about mausoleums that bugged me. Because there's dead people interred inside? Or entombed? Yeah, there's just a lot of hubbub for a dead body. Oh, I see. I see. Yeah, that makes sense. You know?

Yeah. I don't want to knock it down. Well, okay. We'll just stop right here then. If you're King Mausolus, you deserve to have this named after you. I would say that. Especially if you're married to your sister and she's madly in love with you and you've just died. Yeah, that was a little weird.

He was the Persian king of Acaria and he was indeed married to his sister Artemisia yeah, and she really really was in love with her brother Yep, and husband and he was from what I understand he seemed like a pretty successful ruler Yeah, they they had the mausoleum under construction while he was still alive and he died They had the mausoleum under construction while he was still alive, and he died before it was finished, obviously. But his sister, Artemisia, sister wife, Artemisia, was so broken up by it, she said, all right, stop. Stop what you're doing. This is not good enough.

This has to be the most amazing memorial anyone's ever made to their husband-brother. I've got to get in touch with all of the greatest sculptors of the realm. And she did. She got in touch with at least five of the greatest sculptors alive at the time. And they were headed by a guy named Pythias, who not only was one of the sculptors, he was the overseeing architect of the entire project. Yeah, so like he architected the whole thing, and then she got one sculptor per side to embellish the outside. Scopus, Braxis, Leo Charis.

Ole. And Timotheus, that one's easy. That one is easy. And this one has often been called because she had all these different people working on it. And not only that, but I think for years afterward, it became a place where artists could exhibit and showcase their work. So in the end, this thing ended up being, I think, not as coherent as what you would think something like this would be. And so, I think, not as coherent as what you would

think something might be when you just hire one person to work on it. Matthew Knapp For this episode and the last one, I went to the site Unmuseum. Have you ever heard of it? David Kramer Yeah, I think so. Matthew Knapp They were very helpful in researching this. And one of the things, the way they put it was that during construction, Artemisia died before it was completed.

The five sculptors who were running the show looked at each other and they were like, let's keep going. We can stop here and leave it unfinished. Artists don't do that though. Well, no, not true ones. It became a temple, a monument, not just to Mausoleus and Artemisia who were entombed inside, but it became a monument to art as well. That was the way it was.

We can do whatever we want now, guys. Right, and they did. So they went ahead and they completed it, and it was a pretty impressive structure. Yeah, the structure itself was about 140 feet tall. Is that right? Yes, I believe so. It's a relief. Yeah. The base was about 100 feet, 24 steps tall. Yeah, and then on either side of the steps, flank in the steps were crouched lions, which is pretty cool. It's always cool around the outside of this second The second tier where you would walk into on all four corners. There were Soldiers mounted on horseback sculptures of them protecting the place. Yeah. Yeah, what else? Pliny the elder said

This thing is 440 feet and the perimeter was saying is 440 feet, and the perimeter of this thing is 440 feet. So it was large, 36 columns. It was a big structure, very impressive. I didn't get from the pictures that I saw of renderings, it didn't look too busy to me. Paul Lisenberg No, I'm not sure. The only place I saw that kind of shade being thrown at it was in this How Stuff Works article. Yeah, I mean, I know that there were different people

working on it, but it didn't look like, I expected when I saw it to look like a big mess. And it did not look like a big mess. No, it looked pretty neat and tidy, right? Yeah. So one of the things that I love about this thing, so again, Artemisia and Mausoleus are entombed inside this thing, but it's also like just a place you would go, you know, take a date or something on a Sunday

afternoon in the city of Helicanesis, Helican, Helicarnassus, right? One of the, one of the cool things about this is that this structure stood for hundreds and hundreds of years after the city of Helicarnassus fell to ruin around it. That is so cool. Just imagining this abandoned ruined town and in the middle of it is this 140 foot tall mausoleum, the world's first mausoleum with all these ornate sculptures around it. It's just almost completely out of context with the surroundings now that the town has fallen to ruin.

Matthew McHugh Yeah, that is pretty cool for sure. But like all these other ones, earthquakes would eventually take care of business in the 1400s and shake this thing down. And again, like a lot of these other stories in 1494, they used the Knights of Saint John of Malta, said, hey, let's take all this scrap and use it for our own castle. Yeah. A city as Helicharnassus fell the ruin, another city nearby grew up called Bodrum, and the ruins at Helicharnassus, you would go to Bodrum today to and the ruins at Helichornassus, you would go to Bodrum today to view the ruins of Helichornassus, the mausoleum I should say.

But the big draw apparently is the Knights of St. John's Castle. And to build that castle, some of the scraps that they used were from the mausoleum. So you can still see original parts of the mausoleum, but they've been incorporated into the structure of the castle that you would view. Yeah. Which is cool. So it's still around in some way, shape or form. Yeah, totally. That's very cool. But that earthquake that got it in the 1400s, it actually had a weird way of preserving

some of it, right? Oh, yeah. So there are three big things that keep coming up, right? There is earthquakes that keep happening, there's people using scraps to build other cities nearby, and then there's the British Museum. Those three things figure into the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World big time, because there's a piece of one of the Seven W wonders of the ancient world somewhere in the world Outside of its original location. It's probably in the British Museum. Yeah, and that's the case with

some a few things from the mausoleum at Hela carnazes they think that what happened was the earthquake toppled the sculpture of Mosulis and Artemisia riding a chariot pulled by four horses. It was very famous. That was on the top of the mausoleum. That it fell and was covered by rubble so that it was protected until it was finally excavated in the 19th century when they found huge old chariot wheel and then they think the two sculptures of Artemisia and

mausoleus and now they're all in the British Museum But they think that earthquake had a weird way of protecting it from being looted and reused by the Knights of st. John later on Amazing I'm telling you that's why it's my second favorite Well, we're coming upon my favorite. I wondered if this was it. The Colossus of Rhodes. It's a good way to say it too. Yeah, I like this one. This was ancient Greece and this one was the granddaddy of them all, statue-wise.

This one was even bigger than the statue of Zeus at Olympia. Third century and Rhodes was an island, still is an island, and Macedonians came knocking on the door and they were angry and they wanted the help of the people of Rhodes because Ptolemy was, Ptolemy I that is, was conquering and they said, we need your help here. And the people of Rhodes said, hey, we're not really, we don't want to get involved in all that. We kind of like it here on the island, living our peaceful lifestyle here.

Well, plus if there was anybody they were alive with, it was Ptolemy. Yeah? Yeah, but they wanted to stay out of any wars. They just weren't into it. Right. So they rebuffed the Macedonians and they left, but they left behind a bunch of supplies and equipment. I'm not sure why they did that actually.

So this article is so bizarre, man. The Macedonians besieged Rhodes for over a year and they had these huge war machines that were made of bronze and wood and metal. And they would pull these huge machines up to the city walls and they had catapults on top and they were trying to crush the city for a year. And when the Rhodians finally overcame the Macedonians, they were like, well, we're just leaving this stuff behind. It's too big to move. It didn't work anyway, so we'll leave it. That's's why they left it this this this article puts it in a really weird way. Yeah, I agree. Yeah

So they ended up using like selling away that stuff right to make the money to build in part the statue Yeah And they reuse some of it directly for the statue right like like that huge thing that they used to besiege the city They pulled up to the walls directly for the statue, too. Like that huge thing that they used to besiege the city they pulled up to the walls, they actually used that as scaffolding to build the statue with. Heck yeah. Yeah.

It's making plowshares out of, I don't know, guns. So they used a sculptor, Charas of Lindos, and he said, I got this one under control, I'm going to use all these different materials, iron, bronze, stone, and this one I got this one under control and he is all these different materials iron bronze stone And this one I'll have wrapped up. Oh in about 12 years When they said that's about right. Yeah, that's not bad for what they did here. Yeah, I mean this thing was 110 feet tall Yeah, I had a skeleton of iron And inside the skeleton for structure it had huge stone columns running through

it. And yeah, it was like the actual statue itself was about as big as the Statue of Liberty is today and followed like a pretty similar structure, but like a thousand or so years before, a couple thousand years before. Matthew McPherson Yeah, people think from written accounts that it was holding a torch like Lady Liberty does and that the face was modeled after Alexander the Great, some say. And here's where it gets interesting to me is if you look up pictures of this thing,

you will likely see it standing a straddle, the entrance to the harbor. So literally standing there, like kind of with his legs spread, and you would have to sail a ship between his legs to get into the harbor. You shouldn't look up. Yeah, don't look up. Because the detail was really amazing. Very amazing. And 110 feet high, like you know what you're going to be staring at. So there are accounts and there are plenty of illustrations and other things that support

this, and it looks, trust me, if you look it up, it looks very cool. Like, you know, they were into making things this tall just because it was so mind-blowing. Matthew McPherson But also, they were thanking their patron god, Helios, for sparing them from having to go to war, which is pretty cool. That's one of the reasons I like this one, is they were saying, you know what, we stayed out of war, we managed to remain at peace, we're going to build a monument to our god who we assume helped us out.

Yeah, but when they did these things, like with most of these, I love that they were just like, 20 foot high statue would be great. That's impressive. Like, they would try and build things as large as humanly, literally possible engineering wise at the time. Matthew F. Kennedy- I see your point. Yeah, that is pretty neat. Matthew F. Kennedy- So, when you look at pictures of this straddling, the harbor is just like,

it's enormous. It's huge. Unfortunately, that's probably not how he stood. That's the downer here, is that they didn't really have the materials or the knowledge or the skill to do something like that. The reason that statues back then were basically straight up and down is because you needed those legs to support the

rest of the statue. Paul longest solid ground you can find. So they wouldn't have had any means of reinforcing the ground beneath it, so it would have just sunk or fallen right over. And plus the other thing too Chuck was that it would have closed the harbor down and they relied on the harbor for their economy. Yeah, so it's probably unlikely that it looked as cool

as it looks in pictures. And what happened to this one 53 years later? Guess. Earthquake. Yep. it looks in pictures. And what happened to this one 53 years later? Yes. Earthquake. Yep. 53 years. That is so quick. Yeah, it didn't last long at all.

No. So the thing fell and they think that it probably was located closer to the center of town. Yeah. Somewhere inland. But that when it fell, it crushed a bunch of people's houses and businesses. Yeah. And some of it probably fell into the harbor itself. Kyle Smedley That's right.

And this one was notable because, I think because it was so young when it fell, it's still, it's not like they were like, oh, let's get rid of this thing. They let it lay there as a tourist attraction in its prone state for many, many years. And people would come far and wide to go visit the fallen statue. Yeah, for almost a thousand years. It's crazy. Yeah, it's still state of tourist attraction. Like apparently the cool thing to do is to try to put your arms around the thumb.

Yeah, the thumb was bigger than most statues. Right. Like, people couldn't get their arms, they couldn't touch their hands around the thumb. Amazing. And apparently also the arms fell off pretty, they may have even fallen off first during the earthquake. But did you say it broke off at about the knees, just below the knees?

No. So those probably stayed for a while, but the- Like from the knee down? Yeah. Yeah. I'm sure, which looks a little weird. Like that picture of the person who suffered spontaneous combustion. All that was left is their one leg. I bet it looked kind of like that. But the stuff that was on the ground like you could see into like the armholes and apparently even that was

just this breathtaking cavern. It was just such a massive structure. They're like have you seen in those armholes? Yes I have. I've seen all the armholes all over the world. I'm the best tourist ever have you tried to hug that thumb I have a subscription to Monaco magazine I'm just as cool as they come and so the final nugget on this one that I thought was pretty fun was in 653 These Invading Arabs sold like all the rest of these stories, sold the scrap metal. They sold it to a Jewish merchant who apparently used 900 camels to take this stuff away.

Good Lord. So, how about that? So 900 camels or like just a few camels who had to make 900 trips total? I don't know. It said 900 camels. Plus, I mean, if this is a Jewish merchant buying the scrap metal of the Colossus of Rhodes, he probably owned 900 camels. Gotcha.

You know? Man, think of all the poop that generated around there. Yeah. Man. It's a lot of camel poop. All right. Well, let's take one more break. We'll come back and we'll finish up with the final wonder of the ancient worlds right after

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or just trying to show up as the best possible version of yourself. Listen to Therapy for Black Girls on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts. radio app, Apple podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts. All right, Chuck. We're at the last one. This one's pretty neat too.

I don't think we ever said when the Colossus of Rhodes was built, did we? Oh, geez, did we not? So it would have been in the fourth, no, the third century, no, the fourth century BCE is when it was built. 294. Mm-hmm. So this is, remember, we've been going chronologically through all of these. And this is then the youngest of the ancient wonders.

Jared Ranere Yeah, the little baby of the group. The lighthouse of Alexandria. And you know I've got a lighthouse thing. Jared Ranere Sure. Jared Ranere And this one's a pretty great one. This was notable as one of the wonders of the ancient world because it was the only one that actually had a practical use and it wasn't just some monument or temple. You know?

David Kps 2.00 Right. It served a purpose. Who was it that said nothing useless can ever truly be beautiful? Or was it just a movie line that I remember? Matthew 1.00 I think that was John Cusack. David Kps 2.00 Okay. That's it. Matthew 1.00 What?

Nothing useless can ever be beautiful? David Kps 2.00 Yeah, man. I wish I could remember what that's from because I'm sure we're going to get a lot of email's it. What, nothing useless can ever be beautiful? Yeah, man, I wish I could remember what that's from because I'm sure we're going to get a lot of email about it. But they said in the movie, they say, somebody said nothing useless can ever truly be beautiful. Ah, I don't buy that. Yeah, it's an opinion.

It's a well-put opinion, which is how it ends up in a movie, you know what I'm saying? Yeah. So this one did have utility, and it was kind of beautiful, too. From the artist renderings I've seen, I liked it. Yeah, pretty sweet lighthouse. So the lighthouse at Alexandria, supposedly, it's got a pretty cool backstory to it.

Allegedly, Alexander himself had a dream, and in the dream they said, Alexander, you need to go find the island of Pharaohs. And he said, why? They said, it doesn't matter, just do what we say. And he woke up in a cold sweat and he like trembling, lit a cigarette and he said, I gotta find Pharaohs. And that's how it started. Yeah, pretty much. Located off the coast of ancient Egypt, he said, you know what, Ptolemy, since we're Ptolemy is such a cool name, I'm going to choose you as one of my generals to go inhabit

and settle this place, take care of it for me. And Ptolemy said, I'm all over it. But I, I, you know what? I.I. You know what Pharaohs needs though? It needs like an identifier, something that you can see from a long way, something symbolic, something that literally helps you identify it because it's, you know, tough navigating around those shores. And Alexander said, well, I don't know if it was Alexander.

In my mind it was. He said, well, I don't know if it was Alexander. In my mind it was. He said, how about a lighthouse? Well, supposedly it was either Ptolemy or the Mausian, which is the predecessor to the museum, which is basically like a brain-trusted think tank, an early prototype of the university where the Library of Alexandria was housed. either Ptolemy came up with it or the Mausoleum came up with it. Paul I have to say one of the things that I love about these is how some of them are tied together. Like this is the same Ptolemy that the Macedonians were fighting and tried to bring Rhodes into. Rhodes had been conquered by King Mosellus and then was later reconquered by Artemisia.

Like all of these things kind of fit together. And when you start to learn about one, you learn about the story of the people who built them and how they relate to the stories Of people who built other amazing wonders of the ancient world such a cool history lesson Have you seen the new Noah Baumbach movie on Netflix? No, yes called the Meyer with stories. No, I haven't seen it It's on Netflix. It's funny. It's Adam Sandler his Adam the guy's not in the movie, but Adam Sandler's neighbor, he references a lot. His name is Ptolemy.

Matthew Knapp Oh, yeah. Jared Polin So he just keeps saying, well, you know, Ptolemy says this and that. Matthew Knapp I thought so. Jared Polin Without the movie, it's pretty funny. And a reminder that Adam Sandler should only play these roles. Matthew Knapp Yeah, he definitely, well, that or the original Billy Madison, Happy Gilmore role. He was pretty good at that too.

Oh man, he's so good in these kinds of movies. I know. Punch, Drunk, Love? I didn't just do these. So good. And this character is sort of like a grown up version of that Punch, Drunk, Love character a little bit to me. Good movie.

Check it out. I'll check it out. Yeah, thanks. So, it's Holome, which has got a silent P by the way. Yeah, it's a cool name. Which is why it's such a great name. It's Ptolemy. Ptolemy.

So, Ptolemy is on the island. They get this thing built around 285 BC. They begin construction. There's a dude named Sostratis of Nidos, and they don't know what part he played other than the fact that it was important. It could have been the architect, could have been the financier. Paul Lisner Could have been both. David Klapp Yeah, absolutely could have been both, but

he was definitely important to that project. Paul Lisner So supposedly this project, they actually have a Monetary value for how much it costs they said it costs 800 talents which are is a word for bars of silver and apparently that's about three million dollars today Which is not bad for this lighthouse three million. Oh, yeah, not bad at all You couldn't build half a lighthouse today for that. No No, not one like this. So no, no, so apparently it was

About 450 feet tall and one of the reasons they built this too was not just to put pharaohs on the map or Alexandria on the map Alexandria was already like a pretty important city or it was becoming an important city Alexandria was already like a pretty important city or it was becoming an important city, port city. But having a lighthouse there just helped navigation, which only helped the economy boom and actually after the lighthouse came into operation, the economy did boom as a result of that, right? Yeah.

And 450 feet is really, really tall. Yeah. They said that you could see this thing's light from a hundred miles away. Yeah. I saw the ones that said it was more like 30 or 40. Still. But yeah, that's a pretty high functioning lighthouse. 100 miles away is more believable than the Temple of Zeus being struck by a bolt of lightning

after it was completed. Agreed. So you could see this thing 30 miles away, we'll even go with 20 miles away, okay? I'm not even going above that. And the reason why you could see this thing 30 miles away, we'll even go 20 miles away, okay? I'm not even going above that. The reason why you could see that is because atop this 450 foot structure, there was a polished disk of some sort.

They think it was probably bronze. During the day, they moved it so it would reflect the light of the sun, so you could see it then. Then at night, they had a fire going all the time. And there were structures within this amazingly tall structure that were basically what you would call dumb waiters or that type of elevator on pulleys, where you could raise and lower to bring firewood or dried animal dung up to it. Yeah, and I don't think we said that one of the things that makes this so cool to me is

it's not just a big cylindrical lighthouse like most of them you see. It is three different levels of three different shapes. So you've got your huge rectangular base, then you have the second level which is octagonal, and then that third is cylindrical. So it's just really cool looking. And apparently you could even up to that first level, which I mean had to be over 100 feet high in itself, you could bring carts and work horses and stuff all the way up to that level because they had a bunch of storage up there.

Jared Ranere Right. This is pretty cool. Paul Bregman And then dumbwaiters to take stuff to the highest towers. Right. And they had like those ramps and like kind of circular or spiral staircases going around it to help to maximize the space that you use to get things up. Yeah.

It was very clever structure for sure. Yeah, it's very cool. And you can, there are some cool renderings of this online as well. So this thing was a solid piece of work. Apparently it survived a tsunami in 365 CE. Oh wow. But what got it, Chuck? Earthquake? Earthquake.

Yep. In 1303. So it lasted- And this is after like dozens of earthquakes. Yeah, so it was built around 280 BCE. It stood until 1300. 1300, right? It's amazing. And finally some earthquakes took it down.

And the other thing that happened, they reused some of it as a fort, which is still around today. But the cool thing about it is in 1994, there was an underwater expedition around Ferros and they found what they're almost positive are original blocks from the lighthouse itself. Original blocks and I think statues too. Oh wow.

Yeah, sculptures I should say. Yeah, I did look at some of the underwater pictures, it's pretty cool. Oh yeah, it's just as cool as it gets it gets man anything that's underwater now that used to be and was meant to be above water So cool, so creepy. I was reading this really interesting article about the Andrea Doria You know the luxury liner for Italy that I think it's sunk in the 50s or early 60s But it's like this incredible rec site that people dive and they call it like the underwater Everest because if you're an underwater rec

diver that's like, it doesn't get any better than that. But you know, it's also extremely dangerous. I read this really well written article about it. I can't remember who wrote it, but to start reading Andrea Doria articles everybody and you'll find the one eventually. Well, we'll do a podcast on it. How about that? Okay, remember who wrote it, but just start reading Andrea Doria articles, everybody, and you'll find the one eventually. Well, we'll do a podcast on it. How about that? Okay, let's do it. That's it. We did the seven wonders of the ancient world finally, huh? That's the last one.

That's it, everybody. That's the big one. That's a Chevy Chase quote. Is it? Yeah, from Christmas Vacation when he reveals the pool. Oh, right. It's so awkward the way he says it. It's perfect. That's it. That's the big one. Well, at any rate, Christmas is come and gone, Chuck, but this is the last episode that we're

going to release this year. So I think we should wish everybody a Happy New Year. Happy New Year, everybody. Thanks for sticking with us this 2017. We'll see you in 2018. On a personal note, happy birthday to my sweet wife, Yumi. And we'll see you guys next year, right? I sure hope so. So in the meantime, it's time for listener mail.

That's right. We're going to finish out this two-parter with a single listener mail about bath salts. Appropriately. Because why not? Yeah. Hey guys, I'm not one to take hard drugs often, but my friend and I were going to an EDM festival and decided to take what we believed was molly. The drugs were crystalline and we took them orally.

Yuck. The experience did not go as planned a few days later we use a drug testing kit on the remaining crystals and find out dun dun dun bath salts that's scary I'll take that that looks like a drug sure it's crystalline yeah sure unlike any other party drug that might make you feel ready to dance this stuff gave my friend and I this sensation that our feet were stuck to the ground by a magnetic force and lifting them was almost impossible. This made dancing very difficult as all we could do was awkwardly move around with the top half of our bodies. Additionally, we felt super paranoid that everyone around us was watching us and judging and laughing at our pitiful attempts to dance.

By the way, Anonymous, no one noticed you. If I can go ahead and tell you that right now. Right. It was impossible to enjoy the music with my mind racing. These unpleasant thoughts and the feeling lasted for the full day. After the disappointing day, we headed back to the apartment, ready to get some rest. Tackle the next day, drug free. But no, the basalts would not let us sleep. Try as we might, all night long we laid there wide awake. Part of the song, Turn Down For What, by DJ Snake, played over and over in my mind for eight hours straight. This sounds really bad.

It does. My eyes were closed and it felt as though I was watching a show of squiggly neon colored shapes pulsating in rhythm to the incessant music in my mind. Somehow we managed to get to the festival the next day, but we felt like zombies and we were not even at the cannibalism stage yet." I'm not sure what that even means. Well, you know, the whole face-eating bath salts legend. Oh, gotcha. She's like, we weren't even there yet. It still was terrible. She didn't even get the pleasure of eating someone's face. Right.

So just from experience, I will second what Josh and Chuck said and urged, steer clear. That is from Anonymous. Thanks a lot, Anonymous. Appreciate that. That is the more you know. Or no, that's one to grow on. That's one to grow on. If you want to send us one to grow on, hit us up.

You can send us an email to stuffpodcast at howstuffworks.com. And as always, join us at our home on the web, StuffYouShouldKnow.com. Stuff You Should Know is a production of iHeartRadio. For more podcasts, my heart radio, visit the iHeartRadio app, Apple podcasts, or wherever you listen to your favorite shows. For so many people living with an autoimmune condition like myasthenia gravis or chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, the emotional toll can be as real as the physical symptoms. That's why, in an all-new season of Untold Stories, Life with a Severe Autoimmune Condition

from Ruby Studio and Argenics, host Martine Hackett gets to the heart of the emotional journey for individuals living with these conditions. To find community and inspiration on your journey, listen now on the iHeartRadio app, Apple podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts. Guys, we are back. We are so excited.

It is season two of your favorite New Girl Rewatch podcast. We have got a new season, we got a new name. We've got some of your favorite people from the New Girl universe. We've got the creator and show runner, Liz Merriwether. We got the Max Greenfield, Olivia Munn. We also have some of your least favorites, like Jake Johnson.

Lamorne. Hannah, what's up? We do have Jake Johnson though. Yeah. Listen to the mess around on the iHeartRadio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts. We all know what that music means. It's time for the Olympics in Paris.

I'm Matt Rogers. And I'm Bo Winyang. And we're doing an Olympics podcast? Uh, yeah. We're hosting the Two Guys Five Rings podcast. And I'm Bo and yay!