Stuff You Should Know - SYSK Selects: How do dogs perceive time?

Episode Date: May 2, 2020

A dog that knows exactly when its owners will arrive home every day seems to have a human perception of time, but in fact, they perceive time very differently than we do. Find out more about how dogs view time in this classic episode. Learn more about your ad-choices at https://www.iheartpodcastnetwork.comSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

On the podcast, Hey Dude, the 90s called, David Lasher and Christine Taylor, stars of the cult classic show, Hey Dude, bring you back to the days of slip dresses and choker necklaces. We're gonna use Hey Dude as our jumping off point, but we are going to unpack and dive back into the decade of the 90s.

We lived it, and now we're calling on all of our friends to come back and relive it. Listen to Hey Dude, the 90s called on the iHeart radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts. Hey, I'm Lance Bass, host of the new iHeart podcast, Frosted Tips with Lance Bass. Do you ever think to yourself, what advice would Lance Bass

and my favorite boy bands give me in this situation? If you do, you've come to the right place because I'm here to help. And a different hot, sexy teen crush boy bander each week to guide you through life. Tell everybody, ya everybody, about my new podcast and make sure to listen so we'll never, ever have to say. Bye, bye, bye.

Listen to Frosted Tips with Lance Bass on the iHeart radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you listen to podcasts. Hey pals, how you doing? Charles W. Chuck Bryant here on a Saturday with my select pick for this week from September 17th, 2009, one of our many, many episodes on dogs.

And this is a good one. How did dogs perceive time? Really, really good stuff. Check it out. Welcome to Stuff You Should Know, a production of iHeart Radios, How Stuff Works. Hey, and welcome to the podcast. I'm Josh Clark.

There's Charles Chuck Bryant. Chuck Bryant. Yes, nice Chuck. We'll get to that in a second. Do it again. That's awesome. Chuck's barking because this is Stuff You Should Know and this particular stuff is called

How Do Dogs Perceive Time? And I said in dog language just then, I don't perceive time. That is up for debate, my friend. Up for vigorous debate. All right. So Chuck, let me do a little intro here. A little lead in segway, whatever.

I know, I spoiled your parade there. What do we call them these days? What do we what? Segways, lead ins, intros. Intro. Schmeckles. Schmeckles. Chuck, about a year ago, well, a year ago this month,

Paris, well, France, Paris, France, made history, legal history. How so? They actually used a dog as a witness in a criminal case. Did they get the dog to like bark at someone? Yep. Wow. I kid you not.

Well, like an intruder? At the very least, and I hope I'm not a Benglideshi newspaper here because I found out that I was a Benglideshi journalist. Here because I found it in the Daily Mail, which is not known for satire, but it's all it can be known for poor reporting from time to time. So you may have egg on your face soon.

We'll find out. But there is a dog named Scooby that was brought into a Sounds less believable, doesn't it? I should have forwarded you this article. There is a dog named Scooby that was brought into a murder case or a hearing to see if there was enough evidence to try a man for murder for something that was ruled a suicide. And the dog barked furiously at the alleged perpetrator.

And they gave him a Scooby snack? Yeah. So that was the last I heard. It was from a year ago. But there was some concern over whether the dog's memory would serve it or not because it had been two and a half years since the incident. Okay.

And that's kind of key to how dogs may or may not perceive time. It's the best I could come up with. That's great. Thanks. So what that betrays is a sense by at least the reporter and the courts in Paris that dogs have a memory, that they, if they have a memory, then they should be able to perceive time,

right? Right. Chuck, let's talk about this. What is time? Oh, dude. Are you kidding me? Well, you know my whole deal with time. I've said it before.

What? Well, time is just abstract. Numbers on a calendar and hands on a watch aren't time. Well, yeah. No. What you're talking about is the human construct of time. Yes. Based on 24 hours, which is all kind of arbitrary.

Seven days in a week, 30. Well, not necessarily. Well, not anymore. It's not. Here's why. It was actually kind of ingenious that we should come up with a 24-hour day because we have these things called circadian oscillators, which are the, well, they're the

fluctuators in our circadian rhythm, which is what makes us fall asleep at night, wake up in the morning, body temperature, get hungry at certain times, neural activity, right? The neural activity in the hormones are reactions to things like changes in temperature that are on a daily basis, things like the changes in natural light, right? So our reactions to these are circadian oscillators, and if you put them all together like sleeping at night and waking

up in the morning, that's our circadian rhythm. Right. But these circadian clocks actually exist on about a 24-hour period. Well, that makes sense then. So, but like you said, days on the calendar and all that, that is a human construct. Yeah, yeah.

So what we're trying to get to the bottom of is whether or not dogs can perceive this, not necessarily the human construct of time, but of time in and of itself, which is essentially a past, present, and future. Exactly. And I know that one thing that we will talk about, and maybe we'll talk about right now, is you have three dogs. Do you have any dogs?

I have two dogs. What? Shut up. I have two dogs, and I'm actually fostering two feral puppy rescues, which you know. So right now I have four dogs. Do you want to get rid of those two dogs? Because we could get rid of them like that if we plug this

on this podcast. Yeah, we're kind of picky about who we give them to. Okay. Well, how about this? If you're not a creep, and you love dogs, and you live in the Eastlake area of Atlanta, send us an email if you want one of Chuck's puppies. Very cute.

Yeah. So anyway, if your dogs are anything like my dogs, they, and actually my cats too, they know when the food bell is going to ring. Sure. Actually, they start, Emily calls it food abuse. They start the food abuse typically about an hour and a half before they typically get fed every afternoon.

And in the morning, we feed them pretty much straight away in the morning. So they know, they know then. But my dog, Lucy, dude, comes in the room and looks at you with her head cocked, stamps on the floor with her feet and goes, and I'm waiting for her literally to one day say, feed me. One day I told Emily, if she did that one day, I would be surprised for about a second.

So Chuck, here is where we reach the bone of contention. Right. Sorry for that pun. I'm not Jonathan Strickland. Your dogs do the same thing though, I assume, right? Well, no. My dogs are fed constantly. They always have food.

They, for some reason, I'd lucked out and they just eat whenever they want whenever they're hungry. I can't imagine that. It's pretty cool. My dogs eat their food like it's the first time they've ever been fed. I've seen that before. My dogs, they're pretty laid back when it comes to stuff like

that. Are they fat? No. Really? No. They're healthier than I am. Well. They're healthier than a lot of people I know.

They regulate their food intake on their own. It's weird. It's so weird. But I know what you're talking about. So the question is this. Do your dogs know, based on past experience, that food is coming at a certain time of day? Not necessarily like 5.35 p.m., but say, as far as a dog's concerned, when sun is low in sky over there.

Right. Are they Native Americans? Right. I was going to say. No. They're like Italians playing Native Americans. Right. Well, you think I'm dumbbell?

Or is it a circadian oscillator? Well, that's the circadian oscillator. It could be. Yeah. It could be. What that is is they're using their memories of past experiences to predict the future, which is episodic memory, which is our construction of time. Or is this semantic memory, which is totally different but related.

Do you want me to go into this because this is outside research? I have no choice then. Semantic memory is, all right, Chuck, let's say that you have brain damage to your frontal lobe. I do, in fact. Which is where your episodic memory is located. That's the region that controls episodic memory, which is learning from experience. You could conceivably learn how to play chess, but you won't remember where you learned how

to play chess. Much like they say a baby learns how to walk and talk, but they don't remember that day you taught me how to walk. They don't have to relearn crawling or walking or talking on a day-to-day basis. Because they learned it, and that's semantic memory. That's like facts and rules and possibly motor movements or whatever. If I run into this wall, it's going to hurt my face because I'm crawling. But they don't remember somebody teaching them, come crawl to me.

That kind of thing, right? So yeah, that's semantic memory. Episodic memory would be like, what did you have for breakfast this morning? I had a fruit smoothie. You had a fruit smoothie. I remember what the light looked like. I remember what smelled like. That is precisely episodic memory.

I should probably give a shout out to TR Zintal, who I'm just blatantly ripping off right now. The chess example was one of Zintal's examples of semantic memory. What you've just said is almost word for word an example of episodic memory. You said you remember these other details, whereas had you said I had a smoothie this morning, I must have because I always have a smoothie, that would be, well not the burping part, but if you always had it, that would be more like semantic memory. So we reached the question, do dogs perceive time or are these reactions that appear like

they're keeping track of time some way, maybe through a circadian oscillator based on semantic memories? And there's been a lot of studies that are not necessarily on dogs, but on other animals, right? Yeah, what's this crackpot's name? Roberts? No, what's this guy's name? Dr. Roberts?

Yeah, I have to say I'm going to take issue with Dr. Roberts. Yeah, William Roberts, he's an animal cognition researcher. Right off the bat, you're taking issue with that. Not that part. Okay. Yeah, he did some studies on pigeons and primates, to name a couple, and long term and short term memory, as far as remembering a sequence that they would, I guess the pigeons would peck it out, and the primates would tap it out, and to get a reward.

And they found that they have pretty good short term memory for this kind of thing. Right, which is what, that's working memory, right? Yes. And long term is reference memory? Yeah, but as far as the reference goes, they couldn't remember it that well if there was a big break in between. Right. Roberts actually wrote a very famous paper as far as animal cognition goes, where he

basically said that he concluded animals are stuck in time, and I just made air quotes for those of you out there listening in podcast land. And by stuck in time, he means that they live exclusively in the present, that they don't have the capacity for forming long term episodic memory. Because the key word. It is very much the key word. Because I know at home you're saying, no, I taught my dog to sit when she was one. That's not the same thing, that's what you're talking about with the baby and learning how

to walk. Right, but that's, that's not, there's a lot of examples out there in nature that would kind of belie Dr. Roberts's idea that animals or dogs are stuck in time. Well a good one is squirrels foraging food. It's a store for the winter, and doing it year after year after year. I believe Roberts actually addressed that and says, but they continue hoarding even when their stores inexplicably disappear, which I assume some researchers went and stole squirrels nuts and then studied them to see what they would do.

I don't understand that at all. I don't either. It seems like they would, that would make them want to hoard. Yeah. So I kind of have an issue with that one a little bit, but it's possible I'm not entirely seeing that point all the way. I don't see the point. I'm not quite sure what he meant there.

But there's also one about the bananas, right? Chuck, there's, there are some primates that were given choices between more or less bananas. Yeah, and predictably at first if you offered an eight, one banana or two bananas, they're going to take the two bananas, but they found that when they started increasing the number of bananas like 10 compared to 20, they would just go for the 10 bananas. They wouldn't, he thought this meant they can't, they have no concept of the future. Like maybe I should take these bananas because I might be hungry tomorrow. Right.

Now that's, I think Robert's fails to take into account social structure, right? We know that we could use 10 bananas for tomorrow, but we also have things like preservation techniques or refrigeration available to us. That's what I thought too. If you go back in time just a few thousand years ago to hunter gatherer societies or even hunter gatherer societies that are around now, they don't store food at all. They forage for what they need right then and that's what they eat. I would imagine that that would actually explain a lot of the primate decisions.

There's no real reason to. Their society isn't set up on this idea that I need more and more to protect myself in the future. Exactly. That necessarily means that they don't have any concept of the future. I think that there's all these other explanations out there. Right. And they may, like when I read that the first thing I thought was maybe they're not, they've

never taken more than 10 bananas in their life because they've never needed to. So it doesn't even dawn on them that that should be something they would do. Exactly. I guess what we're saying, both of us are on the same page here, there are other explanations. I agree. And I think one of the things I took from this article was that Robert's found it very conclusive that animals are stuck in time by cherry picking some studies here. Yeah.

We kind of disagree with them. Yeah. There's a lot of other factors. I know that my dog Lucy is stuck in time at 5.30 p.m. every day because she's always asking for the food. We lived it and now we're calling on all of our friends to come back and relive it. It's a podcast packed with interviews, co-stars, friends and non-stop references to the best decade ever.

Do you remember going to Blockbuster? Do you remember Nintendo 64? Do you remember getting frosted tips? Was that a cereal? No, it was hair. Do you remember AOL Instant Messenger and the dial-up sound like poltergeist? So leave a code on your best friend's beeper because you'll want to be there when the nostalgia starts flowing.

Each episode will rival the feeling of taking out the cartridge from your Game Boy, blowing on it and popping it back in as we take you back to the 90s. Listen to Hey Dude, the 90s called on the iHeart radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts. Hey, I'm Lance Bass, host of the new iHeart podcast, Frosted Tips with Lance Bass. The hardest thing can be knowing who to turn to when questions arise or times get tough or you're at the end of the road. Ah, okay.

I see what you're doing. You think to yourself, what advice would Lance Bass and my favorite boy bands give me in this situation? If you do, you've come to the right place because I'm here to help. This I promise you. Oh, God. Seriously, I swear. And you won't have to send an SOS because I'll be there for you.

Oh, man. And so will my husband, Michael. Um, hey, that's me. Yep, we know that, Michael. And a different hot, sexy teen crush boy bander each week to guide you through life step by step. Oh, not another one. Kids, relationships, life in general can get messy.

You may be thinking, this is the story of my life. Just stop now. If so, tell everybody, everybody about my new podcast and make sure to listen so we'll never ever have to say bye, bye, bye. Listen to Frosted Tips with Lance Bass on the iHeart radio app, Apple podcast or wherever you listen to podcasts. So I guess another problem, it's entirely possible, Chuck, that our brains just aren't big enough to, they're not as big as Robert's brain.

Maybe. Um, did you ever hear that, like, Goldfish have an eight second memory span? I've never heard that. So I have. Right? You have a Goldfish in your cube. I do have a Goldfish here. Very cutie.

Yeah, Molly. She's very cute. It's named Molly? I didn't know that. Yeah. Interesting. That episodic memory makes it almost impossible to think about not having one. So like, if a Goldfish does have a memory of eight seconds, does that mean that every

eight seconds, all of its memories are purged, like getting rid of the browser history in your computer? Or as new experiences come into the present, our older ones pushed out after they hit this eight second maturity level. Right. And how do they test that on a Goldfish anyway? Perfect Chuck. Perfect segue.

So here's the biggest problem. Robert's position is almost inherently speciesist. You familiar with this term? Yeah. This is a legitimate term. I'm not making this up. Animals have no souls. Animals don't have souls.

It's impossible for an, like a dog to be happy because that's a secondary emotion and dogs aren't self aware enough. There's a competing explanation for all of this. Speciesists tend to rely very strictly or remain very strictly within the structure provided by the scientific method. And all his studies here, he probably came out from that frame of mind too. Sure. Right.

But there's another way of looking at it and that is that humans simply haven't come up with tests that are clever enough to get definitive proof that an animal can experience happiness or can or is aware of time, the future, the past, that kind of thing. You can take that way too far, like after, you know, test after test after test that proves the opposite. You could still conceivably say, well, there's a test out there that we haven't come up with yet that proves that they can. But I think that the testing that has been done is very much below that threshold so

far. I don't think we have a clue what animals are capable of as far as consciousness because we have such a loose grasp on our own consciousness. Sure, and we certainly can't delve into an animal's brain and see what they think and they can't tell us anything. I guarantee you one thing, I bet you Dr. Roberts is not a dog owner. Agreed. Agreed, because you have dogs, dude, and I guarantee you we're going to get tons of

mail from people saying, are you kidding? My dog displays emotion every day and, you know, I guess Caesar, the dog whisperer might say, you know, you're putting your human construct on the dog's frame of mind. Yeah. Anthropomorphizing. Yeah, I don't know, man. My dog is, they're both pretty emotional. Well, yeah, anthropomorphizing is the go-to ammunition for speciesists.

And I don't mean to say that anybody who's saying, like, no, animals can't be happy because it's secondary emotion and they lack that sense of self-awareness that's required to experience a secondary emotion is a speciesist. But the two often go hand in hand and it's really interesting that there's a line drawn right now between people who think animals don't have a soul and people who think animals can be happy and all of the implications that come with that. Jerry, I bet you think your dog has a soul, right? Jerry's saying, yeah.

Jerry just gave the sweetest face and nodded. Yes. Yeah. Hey, dude, the 90s called David Lasher and Christine Taylor, stars of the cult classic show, Hey Dude, bring you back to the days of slip dresses and choker necklaces. We're going to use Hey Dude as our jumping off point, but we are going to unpack and dive back into the decade of the 90s. We lived it and now we're calling on all of our friends to come back and relive it.

It's a podcast packed with interviews, co-stars, friends and non-stop references to the best decade ever. Do you remember going to Blockbuster? Do you remember Nintendo 64? Do you remember getting frosted tips? Was that a cereal? No, it was hair. Do you remember AOL Instant Messenger and the dial-up sound like poltergeist?

So leave a code on your best friend's beeper because you'll want to be there when the nostalgia starts flowing. Each episode will rival the feeling of taking out the cartridge from your Game Boy, blowing on it and popping it back in as we take you back to the 90s. Listen to Hey Dude, the 90s called on the iHeart radio app, Apple Podcasts, or wherever you get your podcasts. Hey, I'm Lance Bass, host of the new iHeart podcast, Frosted Tips with Lance Bass. The hardest thing can be knowing who to turn to when questions arise or times get tough

or you're at the end of the road. Ah, okay, I see what you're doing. You ever think to yourself, what advice would Lance Bass and my favorite boy bands give me in this situation? If you do, you've come to the right place because I'm here to help. This I promise you. Oh, God. Seriously, I swear.

And you won't have to send an SOS because I'll be there for you. Oh, man. And so will my husband, Michael. Um, hey, that's me. Yep, we know that, Michael. And a different hot, sexy teen crush boy bander each week to guide you through life step by step. Oh, not another one.

Kids relationships, life in general can get messy. You may be thinking, this is the story of my life. Just stop now. If so, tell everybody, yeah, everybody about my new podcast and make sure to listen so we'll never, ever have to say bye, bye, bye. Listen to Frosted Tips with Lance Bass on the iHeart radio app, Apple podcast or wherever you listen to podcasts. Yeah, so I feel like Chuck and I just opened a big old can of worms.

So we'll see how this plays out in the emails, right? Yeah. If you want to read more about dogs perceiving time to answer the question, according to Roberts, no dogs don't perceive time times a human construct consisting of a past, present and future. And dogs pretty much live in the present. Chuck and I don't necessarily agree with that one. You can go on and type in dogs perceived time in the handy search bar at howstuffworks.com.

Since I just said that, it means it's time for a whole mess of listener mail. You're right. Josh, this is, we're just going to call this Muppet Mail. And we are going to go on a little longer than usual with our mail because the Muppet podcast, I think we will all agree, was sort of a sea change episode. Plus, we just want to see how long this background music actually goes for. I know. I mean, we literally got better response from the Muppet show episode than anything we've

ever done, I would say. Wouldn't you? Yeah. The Henson Company, Twittered about it. Yeah. Heather Henson, we should say our colleague and friend, Jonathan Strickland of Tech Stuff fame. His sister is friends with Heather Henson and it went viral thanks to him.

Yeah. That's awesome. We got great response. It's clear that everyone loves the Muppets and so I wanted to go just through a few of these because I didn't want to just do one. Quickly, before we start, and we never do this, but a guy sent me an email and I kind of touched a cord with me. So I want to quickly give a shout out for Joe to Beth in Elwood, Indiana, and Joe just

wants to say that he thinks that you are a pretty cool chick, Beth. Chuck, are you playing matchmaker? Is that why you're wearing nothing but a diaper and you have those wings on your bang? But Beth in Elwood, Joe thinks you're a cool chick and so do we, because she actually sent us an alien hand syndrome video which rocked. Cool. That's good. I'll show it to you.

Yeah. A quick couple of things that we didn't mention in corrections, first of all, I mistakenly refer to the Children's Television Workshop as the Children's Television Network, so I goofed that one. You're thinking of Home Shopping Network. I was. For kids. We did not mention every Muppet movie.

We did not mention every Muppet venture, because no, I want to elucidate on this. We did that on purpose. First of all, we mentioned the three that were in theatrical release. Directed by Jim Henson. Yes. And by first of all, I mean that's it. Right. Right.

So a lot of people said, how could you not mention Muppets Christmas Carol and we wanted to mention everything, but we would have been sitting here reading things all day long about the Dark Crystal and other Muppet ventures, so we chose to only do the Henson ones. Which I have to say, Dark Crystal, it creeps me out still to this day. And that was Henson too, because I know people are going to write and say that was Henson, but get over it. We had a guy named Peter wrote in and he told us about the Muppet What Not Workshop. Yeah.

And not Goldman Sachs and FAO Schwartz. Yes. And you can go to New York City and you could do it online, but I looked and it's down right now. I think it's just around Christmas time or the holidays. No, they got bought out by Toys R Us, I think, so that's down right now. But you can still go to New York, you can go to the Muppet Workshop and you can build your own What Not.

At Goldman Sachs. And it cost about a hundred bucks and he sent me a picture of he and his little cute daughter with her Muppet What Not, so you want to thank Peter for that. And actually, God, I'm going on and on, but Peter had one of the big Fu Manchu mustaches like me. Yeah. Did I tell you about this? No.

I said, very cool Peter, thanks for sending this. I said, it looks like you picked up a mustache while you were there. And he wrote back and said, no, I got that at the Sam Elliott, Sam Elliott Supply Center down the street or something like that. Nice. Peter packed a picnic supper. So that is all for the corrections. Now we have a few emails.

Oh my God. Josh and Chuck had just listened to how Muppets worked. I was excited to hear you talk about it because you mentioned the costume designer from Miss Piggy who happens to be my Aunt Kalista. Oh, wow. If you look up the Muppet movie, you can see her in the costume and wardrobe department on IMDB. She worked closely with Henson and I've actually seen a picture of her with Jim Henson setting

up some Muppets in Emmett Otter's Jugbane Christmas. She left the Muppets, I think, when Jim Henson died, but we still see her once a year. That's from Sam and Josh is, in fact, eating a Reese's Cup. On to the next one. Hi, guys. I love your recent podcast. I was listening and thought I would mention that Jim Henson studied Muppetology at University of Maryland.

I know this because I went to school there and there was a Jim Henson studies program and it is our claim to fame. I didn't know he went to my school until I went there and there is actually a little bench, a statue, it's a bench with Henson sitting on it and Kermit sitting on the back of the bench and they're kind of holding hands. That is beyond cute. It is very cute. She also says that this is from Alicia, that they have the rights to it ain't easy being

green and rainbow connection, so their marching band actually plays that. The University of Maryland? Go Terps. Yeah, go Terps. Moving on. Man, listen to this background music. Chuck is never gonna. I know, I know, I know.

We compared the Muppet Show to 30 Rock and Phil of Linden, Washington has this to say, I was trying to imagine Sesame Street would look like in real life. Two little boys getting their own apartment, a giant bird that sleeps behind garbage cans, a few scattered, seemingly sensible adults who really have no jobs and nothing else to do. No, Mr. Hooper had a store. Oh, that's true. Finally, it hit me while working my job as a special ed classroom assistant.

It is one big government operated group home facility for special needs children and adults. Think about it, Burt displays classic Asperger syndrome, they share a bedroom and obviously have some adult taking care of the rest of their house, Oscar is schizophrenic with his mood swings and a worm is a best friend, as is Big Bird with his imaginary friend, was it Snuffleupicus? And tell me Grover's not dealing with severe ADHD and cookie monster from manic bipolar tendencies and the jobless adults, Gordon, Susan and Bob. So that's from Phil.

Are they jobless adults or the caregivers? He says they're jobless adults. I've got two more. Jerry's laughing at how long this is going, but I warned her. I was listening to your fantastic podcast and I had to write in. I am getting married at the Henson soundstage next year. Sweet. So cool.

He and his wife, to be toward the soundstage, it was like being behind the scenes at the Muppet Show. We're honored as the first wedding ever to be hosted there. And I asked him, I wrote it back, it's like, dude, what's the hookup? And he had none. He just asked. Huh. They rented out to people, apparently, for things and no one's ever thought to have

a wedding. And that is from, he gave us some facts, but we don't have time for that. That is from Dan of TDFillustration.com because he's a cool artist and wanted to plug that from Dan. And finally, Josh, from Jake in Newport, Richie, Florida says, I was an accident at the 80s and I missed the Muppet Hay Day, but I was lucky enough to have three older sisters and parents who had the foresight to ensure that they taped several seasons of the Muppet Show. So Jake is a big fan of the Muppets now, and he told us this fact, which I did not know.

Since Jim Henson's death, Ralph the Dog has not spoken and has seldom used, and it's my understanding that they do this out of reverence to Mr. Henson because Ralph was his favorite Muppet. Oh, yeah. Yeah. Check this wipe the way it's here. Teary-eye. You sweet old softy.

So that's Muppet Mail. We got hundreds of pieces of mail and good blog response, and thanks for sending them. And that was a good show. Yeah. Thanks for trying to keep you supplied with more good shows in the future. If you want to send an email and try to make Chuck cry, it's not that hard, you can send it to stuffpodcast at howstuffworks.com. Stuff you should know is a production of iHeartRadio's How Stuff Works.

For more podcasts from iHeartRadio, visit the iHeartRadio app. Stuffful podcasts are wherever you listen to your favorite shows. On the podcast, Hey Dude, the 90s called David Lasher and Christine Taylor, stars of the cult classic show Hey Dude, bring you back to the days of slip dresses and choker necklaces. We're going to use Hey Dude as our jumping off point, but we are going to unpack and dive back into the decade of the 90s. We lived it and now we're calling on all of our friends to come back and relive it. Listen to Hey Dude, the 90s called on the iHeartRadio app, Apple podcasts or wherever you get your

podcasts. Hey, I'm Lance Bass, host of the new iHeart podcast, Frosted Tips with Lance Bass. Do you ever think to yourself, what advice would Lance Bass and my favorite boy bands give me in this situation? If you do, you've come to the right place because I'm here to help and a different hot sexy teen crush boy bander each week to guide you through life. Tell everybody, everybody about my new podcast and make sure to listen so we'll never ever have to say bye, bye, bye.

Listen to Frosted Tips with Lance Bass on the iHeartRadio app, Apple podcasts or wherever you listen to podcasts.