TBPN Live - Amazon x OpenAI, Ford's EV Reality Check, Kushner Drops WB Bid | Sarah Guo, David Senra, Doug O'Laughlin, Doug Bernauer, Jacob Effron, Logan Kilpatrick

Episode Date: December 17, 2025

(02:12) - Ford's EV Reality Check (21:03) - Amazon x OpenAI (33:13) - Kushner Drops WB Bid (39:53) - 𝕏 Timeline Reactions (57:33) - Sarah Guo is the founder and managing partner of Conviction, an early-stage venture firm focused on backing transformative software and AI companies. She’s known for combining deep technical fluency with a strong product lens, shaped by her experience as a partner at Greylock and as a former Facebook product leader. (01:32:29) - Doug O'Laughlin an expert in artificial intelligence and data center infrastructure, discusses Amazon's strategic partnership with OpenAI, emphasizing Amazon's superior execution in data center expansion and power availability. He highlights the challenges of integrating multiple computing platforms, noting that while diversification can reduce costs, it requires significant effort. Doug also expresses skepticism about the feasibility of space-based data centers, citing current difficulties in terrestrial model training and infrastructure development. (01:55:04) - Doug Bernauer, CEO and founder of Radiant, a company developing portable nuclear microreactors, discussed the company's progress in building their first reactor, which is set to become the first new design to go critical at Idaho National Laboratory since 1977. He highlighted securing a contract with Equinix for 20 units and a deal with the U.S. Air Force through the Defense Innovation Unit, emphasizing the role of nuclear energy in driving prosperity by providing power wherever needed. Bernauer also announced over $300 million in new funding, led by Draper Associates and Boost VC, to accelerate commercialization efforts, including constructing a mass-production facility in Tennessee. (02:09:01) - Jacob Effron, Managing Director at Redpoint Ventures, focuses on AI, enterprise software, and healthcare investments. In the conversation, he discusses the current state and future prospects of AI applications, the evolving venture capital landscape, and the potential impact of AI on various industries, including robotics and consumer hardware. He also shares insights on the challenges and opportunities in AI infrastructure development and the role of large tech companies in the AI ecosystem. (02:31:18) - Logan Kilpatrick, the product lead for Google AI Studio, discusses the launch of Gemini 3 Flash, highlighting its enhanced speed and efficiency compared to previous models. He emphasizes that Gemini 3 Flash offers advanced multimodal reasoning capabilities, enabling users to process and understand various forms of information more effectively. Kilpatrick also notes that this model is more cost-effective, making it accessible to a broader range of users and applications. (02:44:17) - David Senra is the creator and host of the "Founders" podcast, where he delves into biographies of history's greatest entrepreneurs, extracting lessons and insights for his audience. In the conversation, he emphasizes the critical role of storytelling in entrepreneurship, highlighting that the most effective storytellers are often founders themselves, as they possess an intrinsic understanding and passion for their company's mission. He underscores the importance of founders being deeply involved in communicating their vision, as this authenticity and dedication are challenging to replicate through external hires. TBPN.com is made possible by: Ramp - https://ramp.comFigma - https://figma.comVanta - https://vanta.comLinear - https://linear.appEight Sleep - https://eightsleep.com/tbpnWander - https://wander.com/tbpnPublic - https://public.comAdQuick - https://adquick.comBezel - https://getbezel.com Numeral - https://www.numeralhq.comAttio - https://attio.com/tbpnFin - https://fin.ai/tbpnGraphite - https://graphite.devRestream - https://restream.ioProfound - https://tryprofound.comJulius AI - https://julius.aiturbopuffer - https://turbopuffer.comPolymarket - https://polymarket.com/fal - https://fal.aiPrivy - https://www.privy.ioCognition - https://cognition.aiGemini - https://gemini.google.comFollow TBPN: https://TBPN.comhttps://x.com/tbpnhttps://open.spotify.com/show/2L6WMqY3GUPCGBD0dX6p00?si=674252d53acf4231https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/technology-brothers/id1772360235https://www.youtube.com/@TBPNLive

You're watching TBPN. Today is Wednesday, December 17, 2025. I'll see multiple journalists on the horizon. That's just eight days to Christmas, baby. We're live from the TBPN Ultradome, the Temple of Technology, the Fortress of Finance, the capital of capital. It's Christmas week. The North Pole of net income.

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Jordy's the elf today Jordan is the elf today We're tracking it We're hitting it Oh that doesn't really work Whoa okay Stockings are hung on the gong with care We're back

Good to see everyone Welcome back to the show We have a great show for everyone Today we have Sarah Guo Join us in the TBPN Ultradome We also have Doug O'Loughlin from Sending Analysis hopping on to hopefully break down the Amazon Open AI deal. That is big news. I was talking about this with some friends about, you know, SpaceX is potentially going out, going to hoover up 30 billion of capital.

They're going. They're going out at $1.5 trillion. They're talking to bankers now. They're going to hoovering. The public market is going to be tapped out, right? Well, Sam Allman would like a word with Andy Jassy. And he says, I need $10 billion. And he says, sure, as long as you buy a bunch of tranium chips, that's basically the story.

We will get into that. We'll dig into it. Yeah, isn't it like mostly or all credits? We will see. We will see. But first, I wanted to dig into a little bit more. We touched on this. We don't forget.

We also have Logan and Google coming on to talk about Gemini Flash, the new model they released today. We also have David Senora joining at the end of the show just to hang out. What are the odds that? David Senra will be in a more elaborate Santa Claus costume than me. Zero. I hate to say it. We'll give him this hat. He can have this hat. Anyway.

So the closing out the story with the Ford F-150. Of course, this broke earlier this week. The CEO Ford did a round of press interviews talking about the news, which is that Ford, the historic, The historic automaker is killing the F-150 lightning, their electric truck. Sales fell 72% year-over-year. Of course, that is a 72% decrease specifically in last month, which is post-EV tax credit going away.

And the whole project was a money pit. So they took a $19.5 billion charge, and now they're shifting strategies. So, I mean, the first question that I was sort of toying with that we've been debating is, Did truck buyers ever really want to go electric? Was that ever a good idea? Because it always seemed like who's the last person that's going to buy an electric car, the truck buyer, right? So one thing that I was thinking about is I feel like the cyber truck probably got truck buyers to, like traditional truck buyers to go electric. But it wasn't because it was electric.

It was because it looked electric. Yeah, it looked crazy. I completely agree with this. And so, yeah, there's this weird thing where, like, the F-150 silhouette is iconic, but you sort of... I forgot I had my elf ears on. But, yeah, I mean, there's just, like, I mean, ballpark, how many ads, how many billions of dollars have been spent on ads that associate trucks with, like... Being a cool dude. Guy, dude, you know, driving through the mud.

And a big part of that is the engine note. And a big part of that is the actual exhaust coming out of the back. All that advertising worked on me. I grew up in a Toyota family. We only had Toyotas growing up. And we at one point had two Priuses, right? Yeah. And but as soon as I was an adult and I could afford it, I bought a Ford Raptor.

It was black on black on black. It was lifted. I just wanted the truck that I was advertised to me as a kid. Right? Yeah, yeah. And then, of course, I realized quickly, like, it's very difficult to park. It was so loud in the cabin that it did make sense for a lot of reasons. But I wanted that truck since I was a kid.

Yeah, yeah. And a $750 tax credit probably wouldn't be enough to pull you off the Raptor if that's what you've been programmed from a young age. $7,500. $7,500. EV tax credit. But that's probably not enough to pull you away from, okay, I've been watching the Super Bowl. The engine note. Every year, and every year at the Super Bowl, I see truck ads with big, loud engines,

and they've been marketing this to me for decades. And yes, EVs, it's very logical. There's a lot of cool benefits. I mean, the Ford F150 Lightning had crazy stuff. You'd open up the front. It just had four household power outlets. So you just have like a full, you could have a full, like, tailgate. There was a 220 volt.

You could power a washing machine on it. You could just, like, pull up with a washing machine and just do your laundry, I guess. Also, a big problem with trucks, I'm sure you experienced this, is that you don't have anywhere to store anything. Because if you put it in the back, it could just get taken. You have to lock it down if you put something in the back. So if you have, like, just a suitcase. I think most people that are buying trucks for a daily are getting a cover over the bed. Yeah, locking cover, potentially.

then you're in this weird half and half. Instead, the F-150 lightning, there was a front trunk that was actually very large, and it had outlets in there, too, and there were a bunch of features. And they really went crazy with the features. But, like, ultimately, it wasn't really enough. And there was some interesting, there was some interesting data that Ford was sharing that they were framing as positive when the F-150 lightning launched. But I think, in retrospect, might have actually been sort of a canary in the coal mine.

Totally. So the first stat was that of the people that reserved the F-150 Lightning, 50% had never owned a truck before. So they're new to trucks. And then 75% of the reservation holders had never owned a Ford before. And so Ford was celebrating this. It's like, we did it. We did it. New Hero product.

New Hero products. It's going to bring new people into the Ford ecosystem. It's going to bring new people into the truck ecosystem. We are expanding the market. And in hindsight, what it feels like is the truck buyers didn't want it, the board buyers didn't want it, and they're the two biggest markets. And so, yes, there were a class of people that were like, oh, I would always, I've always, an electric truck, that sounds really interesting. I love the idea of a 220 volt. I'm a unique purchaser.

And they're like, this is a niche product. And they go hard for the niche product. They show up immediately, and they'll do it no matter what. And you wrote in the newsletter, the first electric truck was the Rivian. and that had only launched a few months. Six months earlier. Yeah. So the Rivian came out in September of 2021.

That's the R1T. Ford shipped in April of 2022. That's actually very impressive to me. I was very impressed with how fast Ford was able to respond to the idea of electric trucks happening because electric cars have been around for a really long time. Yeah. But there was always this like, is it ever going to happen with trucks?

And then all of a sudden it was like, it's happening this year and you need big company, you need to respond. within six months? Like, big companies are typically not that good at responding. Usually it's like, oh, we'll let the startup. We'll let this Rivian company show up. We'll let them ship, see how they do, and then we'll move. Like, a lot of big companies like being second movers. This feels like they were like, no, we're moving in the first wave. They did successfully. A lot of that's because they built off of the F-150 platform. They were able to reuse a lot of equipment there in the supply chain. But ultimately, they didn't ship a product.

that delivered at the level of the R1T. So Doug J. Murrow, friend of the show, former guest, gave the R1T a 73, which is a very, very good score. It actually earned Doug's car of the year, or vehicle of the year. The next year, Rivian runs it back again, wins car of the year again with the R1S with the SUV. And so Rivian has two back-to-back car of the year with Doug Demiro.

But the R1T gets a 73, so that's the benchmark for where you should be if you're competing with them. And Rivian doesn't break out sales, which is super annoying. I really want to understand this. But my guess is that over 90% of their sales are the SUV. I agree. Yeah. That sounds reasonable.

And that is generally just because of the popularity of SUVs among the cohort of people that are going to buy an EV. Exactly. And the car just looks fantastic. I think that's under-rated. Like people critique the headlights early on. you didn't really like the headlights, but the car, the silhouette is just amazing. It feels like a 21st century, a very, very modern, very kind of modern take on a range rover, right?

And it has the same capacity. Yep, yep. And so the R1T got a 73, Doug score, the Lightning only got a 65. So on day one, even with all the features, even with all the heritage, even with good pricing and time to market and all this stuff, still couldn't actually be a step forward. and I think it tied the Raptor, but lost on some of the weekend categories, obviously, because Doug likes to drive these cars for fun on the weekend. But, you know, people wound up, you know, obviously buying some of them. I've seen some of them around.

But my question was, how much does the iconic silhouette help or hurt the lightning? Because you would imagine that there's so much value in the F-150 silhouette that you would, that would be a huge advantage that you're driving something that looks like the classic canonical truck. But at the same time, if you see those Rivian headlights, you know that that person's driving an electric truck and that's maybe more of a signal, more badge value there. It is just crazy reflecting on how, you know, the way you're talking about the Rivian silhouette. looking good. I was thinking the Rivian name. Do you like the Rivian name? I think it's fine. It's weird. It sticks out to me. It was also weird when I'm neutral on it. It was weird when it first stuck out. It sounded like something that came from like a like a brainstorming session at a pharmaceutical company, you know, because it's like this weird. Like what does the name

actually mean? I guess it means river and Indian kind of portmanteau. But so the reason so it but it's really grown up. It's a blend of syllable. from the river, symbolizing adventure and connection to nature. Sure. Like, I always looked at Rivian as something like the whole foods of cars, right? Like, the REI of cars, right? It's like, people go to REI. Sure.

Like, the average person going into REI is not necessarily, like, buying gear for the most rugged adventure. Yep. Like, they might be buying gear for their backyard or, like, going on a hike that weekend. And, again, like, I feel like the Rivian cars, again, Again, I mean, we had the CEO on, but, like, have that range where it's like, it really is just like a good daily. Yeah. But they've built it. It's super powerful.

It's very capable. Well, if you were too daily, a Rivian R1S, let's say. Oh, by the way, just to close out the Ford F150 thing. Ford's plan is to pivot. I will tell you what they're going to pivot to after I tell you about linear. The system for modern software development, linear, linear, string. streamlines work across the entire development cycle from Roadmap to Release. So they are going to be pivoting to hybrid trucks and hybrid designs.

But what's interesting is that it's one of those, it's this extra long range hybrid where you have an electric power train that is charged by a gas motor. And so you can get like 700 miles of range. I saw someone demo one of these in China and it felt like one of those like crazy like, okay, is it just a gimmick, like the jumping car, or is this a really interesting, like, value prop, because you could fill up once, you have all the towing power. Like, you have the energy when you need it, but then also you, you don't have any of the range anxiety of the electric car ownership, which is still a little bit real. Magnus is a little triggered. Rivian is terrible. Stop talking about it. Oh, he doesn't like it. Oh, he doesn't like it.

What was bad about it? Tell us the details. Give us the details. I've only heard good stuff. I don't know. Interesting. We'll have to dig into it. Anyway, let me tell you about Gemini 3 Pro, Google's most intelligent model. Yet there's an update today. State of the art reasoning, next level of vibe coding, and deep multimodal understanding. So here's a question.

Here's something that people don't like about Rivians. It's they don't have car play. Is that a deal breaker for you? Do you like Apple Carplay? I think it's solid. The thing that I find annoying is car, like the fact that there's not. So the cars that I've owned are all defaulting back to the actual operating system.

Oh, really? Wait, what do you mean they're defaulting? So I have two Mercedes. They have like the regular Mercedes operating system. And then like Apple, car play is layered on top. But I still find myself like turning on the car sometimes and it's the stock system. I'm like, so I just wish there was a single operating system. I wish I was.

So Apple's trying to do this. Because I've noticed this in my car. But the manufacturers are like, well, we sell the Android and we don't want you to control us forever through some type of like new blue bubble scenario. Totally. So I've noticed this weird thing where there are a set of buttons that I can use to interact with CarPlay. So like changing the song is a button that's mapped to my steering wheel in this catalog.

And as I, if I push the button, it will go to CarPlay and say, play the next track on Spotify. Great experience. if I have if I if I if I if I'm turning the volume dial the volume exists at the at the car operating system level and that overrides car play and so then the all of the all of the all of the all of the buttons in the car are in like okay we're we're now we're now elevating to the to the volume knob UI and so if you push a button you you you're not clicking on the actual screen anymore, you're clicking on the volume overlay.

Yeah. And it's very weird. They're, they're fighting each other. Think about how would it be insane if you're on a Mac and it was like running two operating systems at the same time. The difference of being in a car is like you're in a moving vehicle. That's thousands of pounds. And so it's really, I do think we'll look back at this kind of era being like, okay,

well, what were we doing? Yes. So let me tell you about cognition, the team behind the AI software engineer, Devin, Crush your backlog with your personal AI engineering team. So Apple's trying to solve this their way. Apple's saying, hey, let us take over everything, including the techometer. Let the fox into the henhouse. We can be trusted.

We're a good fox. Yes. And so they will do, we'll handle the volume. We'll handle the speedometer. And we will do all of that in Apple CarPlay Plus or something. And it'll take the whole screen. And that seems great. That seems like a solution to a lot of the problems that we've identified.

Rivians gone the other way, said no Apple CarPlay. He was on Ben Thompson's show on Sir Techery, and Ben asked him about this. So, Ben said, why is there no car play in Rivians? RJ says, the CEO of Rivian says, it's a good question. We get asked a lot. We're very convicted at this point. We believe that the aggregation of applications and the experience, and importantly, now with AI acting as a web that's integrating all these different applications

into a singular experience where you can talk to the car and ask for things and where it has knowledge of the state of the health of the vehicle, the state of the charge, distance, outside temperature. Everything becomes much more seamless in time if the vehicle is its own singular ecosystem versus having a window within the vehicle that's into another ecosystem. Ben says, and that's the issue, just the implementation effort on your side. Is that the issue? Or is it implementation on your side? or is it that customers are actually short-circuiting themselves?

RJ says, we could turn on carplay really quickly, but then you end up with... I think I know why he's doing this. He wants the consumer to be able to say, Rivian, get me the fastest production car lap record at Laguna Seca. And it just does it. And it just does it. It just does it. It's self-driving, right?

So he basically doubles down and he says, you know, in the age of AI, you'll be able to say, Rivian, tell me what's on my schedule for later to day and it will go talk to Google Calendar, pull that information, and maybe you get stuck in an Apple ecosystem a little bit more. It still feels like a lot of duplicate work where over the long term, Android Auto and CarPlay will be compounding and adding more features, and they should outrun the individual car companies. Ben actually asks, is this a bit where, Tesla covered for you because they don't have carplay either, but now there's a rumor that they might add it, and it might make it a little bit more difficult. Is it confirmed that Tesla is

going to add car play? I didn't know that that was confirmed. But as of November 13, Tesla from Bloomberg, Tesla plans to feature car play within a window inside its broader interface. Yeah, which is normal. So car play's coming to Tesla. Will CarPlay come to Rivian, TBD? The question is, will the fart sound effect come to CarPlay? Yes, yes, for sure. 100% going to happen. Anyway, if you want to make a more serious soundboard, go to Fall, the generative media platform for developers,

develop and fine-tuned models, serverless GPUs, and on-demand clusters. Anyway, I think Rivian will eventually get on CarPlay. I think it's got to happen because I just think of The car as, like, the car is not fully a device. The car is a speaker. It's not your life. It's not my life.

Exactly. It's not my life. And so if I'm going on a run and I'm listening to music on headphones and then I get back from the run and I go in the car, I'd like a seamless handoff. And then I go in my house. I'd like another seamless handoff. I don't want my house to be like, oh, no, like we're building house OS. And like, we don't interface with Apple.

We don't play nicely with Google. I actually, as a consumer, I do sort of benefit from a monopoly and at least picking an ecosystem and staying into it. I mean, I'm seriously considering going just, I know that the, I think the audio quality isn't that good on the Apple Air, whatever the Air speakers are. I don't even know they're home pods. But I'm thinking about just dropping those everywhere

because at least it will be integrated, whereas Sonos has just been falling behind, falling behind, falling behind. And imagine if you're in a situation where, like, the Sonos situation plays out to Rivian, like, it would be really, really unfortunate, where you could be like, well, at least it still has car play. Like, people will go by retro cars or old cars and then go retrofit them with car play. And then it's like, okay, yeah, like it has analog knobs and stuff. It's an old car, but at least it runs car play.

So I know that if I switch from Spotify to YouTube to Apple Podcasts to anywhere else where you can leave us five stars, you should. it will still continue to play. It will still continue, and it'll play seamlessly because that technology will just continue to get better, regardless of what happens. Anyway, let's move on to other news, but first,

let me tell you about Adio, the AI-Native CRM. Adio builds scales and grows your company to the next level. So, the big scoop from Katie Roof, she says, Amazon is in talks to invest over $10 billion in Open AI. And so let's read through some of this, get the scoops. According to three people familiar with discussions.

Yeah, the valuation would be higher than $500 billion. The Amazon investment would help. Opening I afford some of the commitments it has made some to rent servers from cloud providers, including from AWS. Yeah, this is like, it's like there's some circularity, but it's not entirely not fully beating the circular allegations on this. Opening I last month announced it would spend $38 billion renting, servers from AWS over the next seven years, making AWS one of at least five cloud providers open AI uses to develop AI. The deal also could help Amazon find a new customer for its

training AI chips, which compete with the NVIDIA chips. This is kind of like a rebate. You know, it's like they said, hey, we're, we're going to buy 40. And they said, here, take 10 back. And we'll take a piece. Take 10 back. I mean, this is the, this is the semi-analysis, like, The bigger, yeah, so the bigger, honestly, the more notable news here is that Amazon and OpenAI have discussed commerce partnership opportunities. That's very interesting. OpenAI wants to turn ChatT into a shopping hub and has discussed earning fees for referring customers to retailers. It isn't clear whether Amazon opening I deal would involve any arrangement related to such features in ChatGPT or AI power shopping features that Amazon is developing. So I just look at this in the same way as like the Disney deal, which is like, hey, we're going to invest, but we're going to give you access to this thing.

And I would expect that, I mean, you can imagine opening I has been working on getting referrals to from, from basically getting a revenue stream from referring products out to Amazon for a really long time, right? They've done the Etsy deal. They're doing deals with Shopify. They have not done eBay notably, and they have not done Amazon notably. And I think there's been some, there's just been some general hesitance to let, again, let the Fox into the hen house, right? Because you can think about it, like the Google search experience is like, or sorry, searching for products on Amazon is extremely profitable for Amazon, right? If consumers start just going to chat CBT to find products on Amazon, that, like,

Amazon needs to be really careful around that because, yes, they can get a referral fee or they'll, they're getting a customer, but then they Amazon, or sorry, opening, opening eye wants to them to pay them for that customer. and that's a customer that didn't just go look at a bunch of ads, right? And I do not like searching for products on Amazon because the experience is I'm just trying to find, I always use the example, like paper towels, right? And it's like, it's so frustrating to search on there

because I just want to buy, like, I'll spend $20 to $30 on this thing. And then it's like three pages of like $6 versions of the product that I know are going to be terrible. and a bunch of ads for those things, right? And so being able to go into ChatGBTBT and just say, like, hey, I want to buy this item from a manufacturer or a brand that has been in business

for more than 30 years, like pre-Ecommerce. I want a brand that has just been making this thing well for a really long time. And so I would be defaulting to the LLM and skipping Amazon entirely. Yeah, you want to fight to be the aggregator. You want to, like, I guarantee that although, Amazon shows up on Google search results, like they want people to open the app and search in the

app and be the main starting point for their commerce, their entire commerce journey. We've seen this with Shopify as well. Shopify, obviously, would love for the commerce journey to not start on Facebook or meta properties. Instead, start in the shop app. They're working towards that. The same thing is true of Amazon. And every aggregator is acutely aware of aggregation theory and acutely aware that they should not let someone come around and aggregate on top of them. Apparently projecting 60 billion of advertising revenue. Yeah.

Just growing way faster than the core retail business. They're sort of like the core retail business is probably growing at the rate of overall e-commerce penetration, whereas this is just like extremely high margin, fast growing, and they want to protect that. And probably bigger than what they could make off of a referral fee on top deeper in the stack if they're deeper down. Like, if they control more of that purchase, they can probably take a higher take rate, essentially. Yeah.

Because I imagine their margins on top of all of those is very high. Well, the other side of the Amazon Open AI deal is that the deal could also help Amazon find a new customer for its Traneum AI server chips, which compete with Nvidia AI chips that Open AI primarily uses today. As part of the deal being discussed, Open AI plans to use Traneum chips, two of the people said, the cloud deal, Amazon announced with Open AI last month, only made mention of service powered by Nvidia. So the interesting thing here is what will they be doing with those Traneum chips?

Will they have a specific model that runs on Traneum? Will they set up some sort of abstraction layer that they can run any of their models on any hardware or any ASIC, basically? Like, will you see, or will it be like, Okay, we still have GPT-40 workloads. Let's recompile 4-0 for Traynium and let it just chill there, and Traynium is our pool for 4-O.

Or, you know what? Tranium is going to be our workhorse for ImageGen or VideoGen, and let's do our ImageGen optimized for that particular stack. When we talked to, when we talked about Traynium, initially during the latest launch, the Wall Street Journal highlighted real-time video as an interesting place where Traynium could potentially outperform. They weren't making the case, at least to the journal, that Traynium is what you want if you're going to do the biggest and most massive training run. That was sort of the narrative that the TPU was pitching

with the latest Anthropic run, like runs. But they did highlight, you know, real-time video, video generation. And so what I'm interested in is that is, does Traynium get abstracted to a point where it's sort of like model agnostic or is OpenAI, like the chat GPT, the app, has a whole host of models because these models are now mixtures of models and there's model routers and there's different products, video, audio, image, you know, deep research. Is one of those going to be on Traynium or will Trinium be like a liquid pool of compute that cuts across the entire stack? Do you have any, you know, instinct on this?

Yeah, I mean, I think the abstraction thing is pretty hard, right? Because you always hear about TPUs and how the TPU team and like the Gemini team are so closely integrated, right? Like every, all the model architectures like interlinked with the GPU architecture. Yeah. So I think it's hard to actually abstract all the way up, but it's interesting. I mean, Anthropic has been like multi-platform

platform for a while now. So I'm curious how they think about this stuff. Yeah, I don't know. Good question for Doug. Yeah, maybe Doug will be able to get us up to speed. Something that's interesting, if I search on Gemini for a product on Amazon, find me the best blank on Amazon, it takes me, it says

top recommendations on Amazon, and then I click the link and it takes me to a Google search for that product that is a sponsored result on Amazon. So then I click... To who's paying? So Amazon is paying Google to appear in search results. AdWords. Okay. And AdWords. Yeah. And then Gemini is routing basically to AdWords to get the click through there. So there's no direct integration at all. Yes. Yeah. Well, I mean, that that is like the odd, Google has so many odd advantages. It's crazy. Like the, the fact that the Google bot just sees so much more of the internet feels extremely important. And yet, I just don't know if it will be enough, if it will be enough to win in consumer in some meaningful way. What does it mean?

Does it mean 50% of the value of consumer? Does it mean that they can win, come from behind, defeat Open AI, chat GPT? Like, it feels so important. And yet, yet it also feels extremely hard to actually pass that message through. Maybe they need like a whole ad campaign around it or something. But and also I haven't even, did Matthew Prince over at Cloudflare ever publish those results? He was saying, he was asking people like, how much of the internet do you think Google sees relative to opening eyes web scraper? Like they're bot because no one has block, no one's blocking the Google bot. Like you have to be insane to be like, I don't want my company.

showing up on Google. You would just never do that. But if you do, then you also show up in Gemini, like that, like what you just showed. Now, there are plenty of blogs and plenty of people out there who are saying, I don't want to show up in Chat Chubit, because my content is valuable. I'm monetizing in a particular way. We're not talking about products. Products on the other side, they're on profound.

Get your brand mentioned in Chat Chubit. huge millions of consumers who use AI to discover new products and brands. No, but seriously, like, if you're a brand and you want to be mentioned everywhere, but if you're a newsletter writer or you write reviews about best Amazon products, you might not want those reviews just to get sucked into ChatsypD and anonymized, right? So you might turn that off, but no one's turning off Google. So Google should have an advantage there. The product should be better, but it all matters on, like,

how much does the consumer feel the betterness? of it because even you can see it even with the image releases it's like we're into one's 99% of the way there the other one's 99.1% of the way there there's a benchmark that says this one's better but people aren't really shifting this one is really good at doing ornaments which one like that was that seems that that's the first value prop I've heard where I would switch immediately well that was that was that was like something they were pushing yet that was something opening I was pushing yesterday was basically like you can turn yourself into an ornament oh yeah Christmas Christmas trying to kick off a new

That was good. Meme Supercycle. Near is not loving this line. The Amazon investment would help OpenAI afford commitments, including from AWS. That's very funny. Well, liquidity is showing the gang standing around. All right, Jeff, you're up next to invest in Open AI. L.M.FA.O.

Yeah, literally, almost all of them. Well, to be clear, I don't think Elon is. I don't think Sundar is. I don't think Zuck is. Okay. And I don't know. To know Tim Cook's partner with Gemini. So this meme is actually slop.

I'm sorry, liquidity. I love you. Well, it hits. It was funny, but then as I dug in deeper, I mean, 10K likes, but it is not accurate. It's not accurate. Let me tell you about Vanta, automate compliance and security, AI, that powers everything from evidence collection to continuous monitoring to security reviews and vendor risk. Amazon, $10 billion investment in OpenAI

in the form of AWS credits. You got Satcha Nadella pointing... I couldn't find where... 2% for Amazon, maybe less, if it's at above a $500 billion valuation. So Andy Jassy's getting 1.5% of Open AI. Satch is sitting there with over 20. He's pretty happy, pretty happy.

Looking at the screen. This is a... Oh, and this is a... Gemini. I mean, very funny. Well, Jared Kushner is pulling out of the paramount bid hours after his father-in-law took aim at the Ellison Klan, apparently. Yeah, to be clear, I don't know where Nick pulled the credits line. I haven't seen that. Which credits line? Sorry. Nick, this post before Amazon $10 billion investment opening I in the form of AWS credits. Oh, yeah, yeah. I hadn't seen that confirmed anywhere.

Yeah, yeah, it's actually not in the form of AWS credits. It's just cash. then, but, but it's just, it feels like credits because they do have obligations with ADWS to buy stuff. They're basically going to spend all of it. Well, no, it's like it all goes into a bank account. Yeah, yeah. So, but, but it fits, it fits a narrative to be like, it's in the form of ADBS credits. This is a good, that is a good correction. Thank you, Trudy. Um, anyway, uh, the, the, the latest news in the paramount bid for Warner Brothers, the story that just keeps on giving, um, is from, uh, semifold. here. Let's see what this says. In the news, in back-to-back Salvos, Tuesday, the president and his former, or his family, distanced themselves from Paramount's hostile bid for Warner Brothers

Discovery. I think we know what's going on there. It's about Foghorn, Leghorn, it's about Tweety Bird. Is that it? Porky Pig? It's Porky Pig. It's a rebuke to owner David Ellison's attempt to leverage relationships with the White House to close the $108 billion takeover effort. President Trump Tuesday afternoon said he had been treated far worse by the Ellison-owned CBS since the family closed a deal for CBS parent paramount. Which is so interesting because I've seen a bunch of, there's been, people have been riled up about Barry Weiss running CBS. the reason that you maybe would say that she's doing an effective job as a manager of that asset

is because people are talking about CBS content in a way that I have not seen in ever, right? Do you ever remember, like maybe a couple times here you'd see something and she's, she's clipping CBS content. It's like she's doing stories that. Yeah, if they're, if they were joking about this. I mean, no, no shade to the. people that were writing CBS before, but like, what, what content was on that network? Yeah, we just don't know what they were doing before. It's like it didn't exist, and now it exists, and you can like it or you hate it,

depending on your political persuasion, but you can't deny it. And I always looked at this as like, it's a thing. The Ellisons were like, hey, we can get a truth engine, and we can help, we can basically shoot. Yeah, I mean, there's definitely, like, the brand is still great, like, CBS. feels like a solid news source. So I agree with that. But the distribution was so far behind that people weren't talking about what was going on there.

And I would say the reason one way to think about the value of CBS is what would it cost and how long would it take to recreate a brand like CBS? Probably cost. It would take you decades. I don't think you can buy it. I actually don't think I think you could be Sam Altman and Marshall a $50 billion fundraise around. Yeah, you can't just snap your fingers and get it would still take 50

years to get there. And that's the thing is that it's not, it's not, like, if you get 50 billion, what do you have to do? You have to go buy the legacy IP because there's only you can't just, you can't just you can't snap your fingers and create a brand overnight. Like it just takes time. Yeah. So Warner Brothers

sent a letter to shareholders this morning basically saying that they're riding, they want to, the board of directors still wants to go with Netflix. They believe it's superior in a number of different ways. One thing that stood out to me is that Paramount has consistently,

they said Paramount has consistently led WBD shareholders that its proposed transaction has a full backstop from the Ellison family. It does not and never has. Paramount's most recent proposal includes a $40 billion equity commitment for which there is no Ellison family commitment of any kind. Instead, they propose that you rely on an unknown and opaque revocable trust for the certainty of the crucial deal funding, despite having been told repeatedly by WBD how important a full and unconditional financing commitment from the Ellison family was,

and despite their own ample resources, as well as multiple assurances from Paramount Skydance during our strategic review process that such a commitment was forthcoming, the Ellison family has chosen not to backstop the Paramount Skydance offer. And a revocable trust is no replacement for a secured commitment by a controlling stockholder. the assets and liability of the trust are not to publicly disclose and are subject to change. So they're basically like, have this entity being like, yeah, we're guaranteeing it, but it's not actually them saying, like, you know, they could move assets out of that trust and, you know. Yeah, yeah, got it.

Anyways. So strength of the offer not as strong, potentially as Netflix, you know Netflix is good for it. It's a huge company. They've already signed a deal with a massive termination clause, and they've, I believe they've raised debt for this like they're they're ready to rock so uh burden hand is worth uh not too in the bush yeah the other thing is uh paramount has not offered to reimburse the breakup the termination fee it's a 2.8 billion dollar fee yeah there's also financing uh costs that they're going to have to take that Warner brothers would have to take on if they don't you know complete the debt exchange so

yeah yeah at the end of the day what are the what are the Ellisons do at this point right They've been doing deals, right? They're, they've got CBS now. They've got the UFC. They're trying to build this streaming platform. And I, again, going back to some of the conversations that we've had, like this entire, the entire strategy to date has been predicated on getting this Warner Brothers asset. Yeah, yeah. And it seems like it might not happen.

But game's not over. I anticipate. Announce the $1 trillion backlog. Think bigger, build faster. Figma helps design and development teams build great products together. Also, Avi Schiffman got back to us. He answered the question. Is he leveraged up?

Is he levering up to buy billboards? He says, every out-of-home agent I've ever talked to has offered 50% reductions in price when doing a large-scale campaign. Most of the inventory is actually pretty cheap if you don't focus on the most premium assets. So where haven't you seen a friend.com billboard? The 101. You haven't seen it in the iconic places.

He hasn't done the Times Square buyout. He's in the subway, right? Like when we saw him, you always make fun of this one. There's one that's like up against a wall. I saw one just at a random bus in my hometown. It's like there's just like random place. But there's so many. Some of the alpha and out of home in L.A.

Is there so much traffic that you're kind of moving slowly by some areas? And you'll just see random stuff. And so, yeah, I was kind of fighting on you, fighting you on this? Like, was this truly one of the greatest campaigns of the year? And hearing his extra context, it's incredible. He might have unlocked some entirely new strategy of just, like, the go big, massive billboard campaign. And I wouldn't be surprised if we don't, if we, if we, if we, if we, I wouldn't be surprised of next year is the year of the copy-paste of the strategy for, you know, a company that has a million dollars to spend on a big campaign. Let's do an interesting billboard campaign. Maybe they have a million dollars in revenue too.

Ideally, yes. Ideally, yes. I mean, he clearly like it was, you know, he's, he's like risk on exploring, testing new things, like learning. But, but just the core, the core arb of like a big billboard campaign. campaign pang off, I think you got to credit him. You got to check in with Avi Schiffman. Did you see his other post? He said, SF is over. Still a beautiful place to live. Hype around LLMs has subsided. It's not an interesting place to be anymore. Why go to a hackathon? It's not like GPT4 just came out. There's nothing too interesting to discuss at a party anymore. All the big companies are too mature now. Most of what is new is just YC-slop startups. If you're still in precede exploring stage, it's mostly too late. The directions have been positioned in.

It's just a performative scene left. There are always a cycle to these things, and this is fine. I have enjoyed 2022 to 2025. I hereby declare New York, the new bastion of what matters in the near future. Could not disagree more with every single, pretty much every single word in here. it is I think this is I think

Avi has shown you know brilliance in in some ways even though many don't but this was I put this up

as one of the worst takes of the year it's just like it's literally like saying like back in 2000 like it's like saying in the early days of the internet or in the early days of the iPhone

like hey like yeah it's over just don't build anything yeah Avi underrated reason to stay in San Francisco. First, fin.a.I. The company's headquartered up there. It's the number one AI agent for customer service. And I know you love AI agents, Avi, automate the most complex customer service queries on every channel.

Also, you should get in, if you're bored with the hackathon, you're bored with the YC Demo Day, get into shark diving. Go dive in the bay. Put on the seven-mill wetsuit. swim out to Alcatraz take on a shark head to head and emerge victorious. I think that will really give you the sort of the glory.

You'll be excited again. You will have survived a shark attack. That will energize you in a way that GPT 5.2 might not be energizing you. Totally. Fighting head on with a great white shark in the San Francisco Bay. That's something you can only do in the Bay area.

Or who's making friend.com for sharks, right? Like a wearable pendant that a shark could use to, you know, better navigate. Maybe they're lonely out in the high seas, right? It's cold. It's dark. Maybe, you know, in between hunts, right? They're just kind of hanging out, right? Maybe, yeah, just having a digital companion. Why reserve digital companions for, why reserve those just for humans, right? Like, all life, all life matter. Think bigger. The other thing I was thinking, why I was saying this yesterday, why has no one made, like, a telemedicine for anabolic steroids for your pets, right? Somebody has, right?

Isn't that a real thing? You know, I think Tyler was saying loyal. No, I was saying loyal, but I guess it's not really. That's, uh, yeah. I want to see a golden retriever as a mass monster. I think that's just a Rottweiler. Like, I think you just get the Rottweiler. No, but nobody, nobody, I mean, I mean, you can make your, like, cattle really jacked, right?

That's, like, what SARMs are. Metformists. So you could just, couldn't you just give it to your dogs? You know way too much about performance enhancing drugs. Anyway. Yeah, just saying the word SARMs is like, just say that you've been deep in bodybuilding form, Styler. Just say you're a day one. Put on the, more plates, more dates.

Well, speaking of. Restream.com. One live stream 30 plus destinations. If you want to multi-stream, go to Restream.com. before our first live in-person guest gets to the TBP and Ultradove, we got to open a Christmas present, but if you have breaking news, no, I wanted to talk about this Christmas. Okay, okay, we got a Christmas present from friend of the show,

Sahil Bloom, let's open it up. It's on Christmas, too. Also, I got a belt on today. I'm looking much more Santa. Belt it up. Okay, so this is from Sawhill Bloom himself. Look at this. New brand alert.

I love this. So, he said, I got sick of putting things on my skin that I never put on my body. So I spent 18 months creating the perfect solution. The perfect solution, Wild Roman. I can smell it. Everyone says the TPP and Ultramm smells bad now. Smells great.

This actually smells fantastic. So Wild Roman is 100% natural skin care for men made with grass-fed tallow, cold-pressed oils, and wild botanicals. You can order today at wild roman.com. I just want to give him a shout out. and then we were going to... So this is good stuff. You've been using this?

I've been using this for about like two weeks. Wow. And I think it's working so far. Two weeks on Wild Roman and you look like that. Yeah. I mean, I think it's been, you know, it's helped with like beard growth and just general skin clarity.

You look fantastic. Yeah, you're glowing. You're really glowing. Going from the inside out. It must be the grass-fed tallow and the cold pressed oils. Or maybe it's the wild botanicals. But it's clearly, I just want to say never stop, really truly never stop using this product.

because I do not want you to go back. Never churn. I don't want you to go back. Never churn. I think you're a customer for life. Never, never turn. Never turn from this. Anyway, back to the show. What do you think it takes to win in this category? Saw Hills, obviously, an influencer, an author. He has a massive newsletter. He has 1.1 million followers on X and has an audience,

but something we've been keep we keep coming back to is like an audience might not be enough to truly win in a category what I think he's got to go hard on target like this feels this feels like a good brand to introduce like tallow yes to the target audience right this feels uh again like going going for the set a bunch of products out the gates this screams end cap to me I I was talking to a friend and they have a brand that does over a hundred million a year only in Target. Yeah. They don't sell anywhere else. Yeah. And so it's just such a massive channel. And so I think Sahill can probably leverage his brand to just go really hard into Target early. But I'm sure, but I'm sure he can he can at least get some initial traction, D to C.

Yeah, yeah, yeah. The D to C thing is great just because it gets the business up and running, kind of of like, you know, iron out any of the kings, get the supply chain going, you know, learn the obvious customer service questions. Yeah, the main thing that people miss with like personality led, kind of like influencer brands like this is, is that no matter how big your audience is, you can be Kim Kardashian. And in order to build a truly big business, you get this initial boost from your audience. But the nature of like any audience is that the longer that you just advertise against it,

you can saturate it. So, like, Kim Kay can post, like, five times in the first week, but then eventually you have to go find new, net new people that aren't necessarily getting exposure. Well, it's a fascinating, it's a fascinating question. Anyway, liquidity is having some fun with data bricks. He says, you're laughing. Startups are raising series Ls instead of going public,

and you're laughing. Yeah, it is, it is crazy. I was thinking about the product that Databricks is offering, like the financial product that Databricks is offering. Like a series L. The deal director, who's often in the chat here, replied to this and said, don't be salty, VCs need to get paid too.

That's it. Couldn't agree more. There is something to the fact of like, if you have a growth fund with billions and billions of dollars under management and you need to park a couple hundred mill in a safe place that's going to grow, it's not some like Databricks is not like a

oh it started a year ago AI company that might you know be gone if or there's going to be some like you know different competitive pressure like it's a real company is really going the series the data bricks series L looks pretty good

anyway Trey in the chat says wait according to Reuters trying to reverse engineer to ASML's EU machine with the help of former ASML engineers and it's undergoing testing that's crazy well they've never done this before that's another good question

for Doug, we can get into that. I don't know. It does feel like there's a bit of a boom in lithography machines right now. We had one founder on the show talking about it. And it feels like that was for a long time thought of as unassailable. You could not build a business

that was that deep in the chip supply chain. It was just too difficult. And now people are at least trying. I don't know. Maybe they're seeing... This is what I've always said on the, like, China Nvidia or just the China AI debate. It's like no matter how many chips you give China, they will never say, oh, yeah, we actually want to be

dependent on foreign, like, suppliers for this technology that's so critical to the future. We'd love to just remain dependent. It's like, no, they'll take the chips and they'll continue to innovate and copy and invest to get to the parity. I can't believe we got a crossover between good skin care and data bricks, but he's the year on the timeline. Fahd says, the real reason Brian is trying to live forever is because he was an early investor in Databricks and is waiting for the liquidity event. Of course, there's probably plenty of times to tender your shares if you want to. But I got to say, Brian is looking fantastic in this new image. He looks. 2025 is the best he's looked. This is a correct. This is a great version. He went

the 2023. This is the trough of disillusionment. Everyone's like, he looks like he's dying. This can't be good. Look at him now. I think the light is also doing a little bit of work there. Yeah, but just the general skin tone. He just feels more balanced. Yeah. That's good. Well, we mentioned Netflix before. Obviously, they're trying to go for Warner Bros.

But they're going for Barstool Sports as well. Before we take you into this story, let me tell you about Julius AI, the AI data analyst that works for you. Join millions who use Julius to connect their data, ask questions, and get insights in seconds. Let's actually pull up the Portnoy video. I want to pull up the Portnoy video. So Dave Portnoy, the founder of Barstool, says, I am proud to announce in our continuing 20-plus year evolution. We are now partnering with Netflix for exclusive video podcasts.

And the way he frames this in the video is remarkable. So let's play it. Emergency Press Conference time. If you haven't heard the news, I'm proud to announce that Barstle is partnered with Netflix for three of our top podcasts. Exclusive video only on Netflix starting next year. I'm talking you want to watch a video Part of my take, Netflix

You want to watch a video of spit and chicklets Netflix? I actually spit there That's just my brain You want to watch a video of Ryan Rissello show Netflix, Netflix, Netflix, Netflix, Netflix, 7 Video, audio, stay the same video where Netflix, Netflix, Netflix, Netflix, we're proud to partner in one of the best and breed companies

That's what we do at Barstall. Evolve, Rotate, Evolve. Video next year, PMT, Chiklitz, Ryan Rissolo, Netflix, Netflix, Netflix, yeah. 13 nette. So, pause, pause, pause, pause. In a 47 second video, 13 mentions of Netflix. Founders, out there, out there, founders,

technology founders, next time you think, oh, I need to film this like crazy cinematic video. I need to film this crazy cinema. I need a studio shot of me sitting down on a couch, looking all put together. Dave is sitting there with a bunch of windows behind it that are reflecting one shot of this video, and it's way more engaging than him just being, you know,

trying to be all professional. No, this is good. But I mean, to be fair, like, in order to do that, 20 years, 20 years of experience. Like, most people cannot just one shot that on day one of their career. Yeah. It is hard. Anyway, turbo puffer, turbo puffer, turbo puffer. If you want serverless vector in full tech search,

turbo puffer, if you want something built from first principles and object storage, Turbo puffer. If you want something fast, turbo puffer. Linear, turbo puffer. Turbo puffer. If you want something 10x cheaper, turbo puffer. Curser, turbo puffer. It really does work. It just worms its way into your brain. Anyway, the other big get

for, I guess, the modern tech companies is the Oscars are moving to YouTube, which is a bomb-held. Okay, so explain the Oscars. Okay, so it's like, you know how we did the award shows for

you know, random, obscure achievements. Journalists of the year. Yes. Absolute hitter of the year. It's like that, but for movies. Of course, the Oscar's art. Very cool. The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences and they said they recently deal with YouTube

for exclusive rights to show to the show starting in 2029. So, I mean, really feels like forever, but I'm sure it'll be upon us in no time, but probably the right time, but does feel it hits particularly hard

because it's it's like the whole show is about the theater it's about the movie industry and the movie industry is saying like yep like YouTube beat us it's over we're so back

but also it's over anyway I'll tell you about numeral compliance handled numeral worries about sales tax and VATU compliance so you can focus on growth okay let's pull up this video of Vlad, and then we'll bring on our first gas.

What is he holding? Is he holding an auction paddle? Earlier I showed one of the many weather contracts we offer on the platform. Here's another one. Some people have already started to realize that using prediction markets can be cheaper than conventional fire, flood, and hurricane insurance. You can just place a trade on your phone without having to deal with a traditional broker. Earlier, I showed one of the many weather contract.

Give your take. I have a take. Let's break it down. so on one hand uh give the funny take first the funny take is instead of buying insurance you just well yes yeah so the funny thing here is like instead of you know insurance is like a pretty cool product it gives you a lot of peace of mind you pay for it once you know a year just it's kind of automatic you got a policy whatever you don't have to think about it in this scenario it would be like okay you're heading into the next month and you're like all right like

I'm pulling up the weather charts. Like, I'm trading, I'm trading effectively, you know. Will my house burn down? Will my house burn down from a fire? The other problem here is like if you're betting on a fire happening in a certain area and depending on the odds and if there's a lot of volume on it, it could very well incentivize somebody to start a fire in your neighborhood. So I think, obviously I think prediction markets are very cool in a lot of ways.

but the CEOs that have been integrating prediction markets have been coming out and giving some pretty wild examples of their value when I think that the value is that consumers want these product experiences. Yeah, I think that there is a world where you do wind up building an actual financial product on top of all of this that feels a lot more normal instead of like the DIY version. But obviously it's very funny. Anyway, we have our next guest, Sarah Guo. Welcome to the show.

And thank you for addressing. Good to see you. Welcome. You look fantastic. Feeling the Christmas spirit. I'm going to move this out of the way. The big snack. How you doing?

I'm feeling good. I'm feeling the spirit. I have to take my ear off so I can get the monitor. Those look very natural on you. Yes, I know. They really do. I said earlier before the show started, John's more Santa-coated.

I'm more elf-coded. I don't know. Anyways, you're looking like a lot more, a lot more polished. I like the nails. Like frosted nails? There you go. We don't have skin care, but we've got nail art. Okay, cool.

Amazing. How did you process the storytelling, the storytelling cycle, news cycle yesterday? We asked pretty much everyone about storytelling. Do you, did you, I mean, I'm sure you saw the viral announcement that there's a lot of companies that are hiring people. Storytellers. Is this just a rebranding?

Is this a valuable thing? If a founder came to you and said, my second hire is going to be a storyteller. What would you say? I'd say, that's your job. Okay. Yeah, actually. So then the question becomes, can, like, is it a skill set that you're kind of born with?

You maybe start at an 80% and you can get to 100%. But if you start at, like, a 10% capability-wise, like, you should probably just focus on other things, right? You're maybe never going to be great at that. I was classifying it as, like, it feels like there's, like, Joe Rogan CEOs, which are CEOs that could go on a three-hour podcast and deliver an amazing performance, some of which would be about the business, a lot of which would just be about, you know, random stuff. But it feels like, have you seen founders in your portfolio go from just okay to, like, truly excellent? I think, so I'm an extreme growth mentality person. I'm like, if you are smart and you are a high work ethic, like most skills are accessible to you. Not everybody can be T-BPN, right, but you can go from like a D to a B-plus, and that does a lot for your company, but I don't think you can outsource it.

And so if you take this like storytelling idea and you just kind of disaggregate it a little bit, you have, you have like channels that have changed, right? This matters, and like traditional media, you know, it's having a time of it. It's struggling, right? And so if you think about the job, like, does anybody want to like start off as a junior PR consultant today? it's a hard job, right? I'm not saying there's not room for that, but the traditional, like, low-grade version of that, that was, I'm going to call a bunch of journalists,

I'm going to repeat the pitch from the company, I have no point of view, I don't really have storytelling or taste, and I'm a C. Like, I think there's not a lot of room for that, right? Because if you think about it from the reporter's perspective, even if you think about where the attention actually is, you could be, like, a mid-sized AI influencer

and have as much, like, followership, as a large media publication that's relevant today, right? And weirdly, like, the hardest job on our team is Nick, who's somewhere around here, and that is actually just, like, getting inundated with pitches from various PR teams, companies, agencies, et cetera, and he has to, like, functionally he has to say no to 95% of them just because we don't have, there's no time in the show to do as many as many as are coming in. Yeah, I think there are a lot of people now where they, like, why do they call it storytelling? instead of like content person or PR or whatever or else.

Or just advertising specialists. Or advertising specialists. Like the meta has changed, right? It's saying like we need people with taste. We're chasing the moment. There's a lot of noise and we have to like create some signal even if we want the traditional channels. And so some of it is skill set.

Some of it is the story about like what the job is. But I do think a lot of it is hard to outsource and you can get better. We run a grant program, which is like an uncapped note for, 10 companies twice a year called in bed. And the highest rated session for the program is a storytelling session. Interesting. Right?

So you come and you pitch your company and it goes from like a D minus to an A plus in terms of where people start. But like people get a lot better in the span of a week before they do demo day. And so it is it is relatively like structured. Right. It's not like if you're making a film,

it's not like, hey, I need to reinvent the hero's journey. Like that structure works. And I think there's the same type of approach you can apply to storytelling about your company, I would have this, I would get sent a deck and I'm like, your idea is cool and you're great, your deck is terrible. And I would just send a Figma file that is like, here's the deck template. Here's like an example for each, like six examples for each slide. Just like completely redo it. And then it's automatically like a few times better. But you have amazing intuition for

this now. Did you start great at it? No, I made. I made so many. No, no, no, no. Yeah, it's Definitely. Yeah, I don't know. I think I started, I've, I've been sort of naturally, I've studied advertising since I was a kid, not directly, but just like understanding like, why do I want this product so much more than this product, right? And that started with like skateboarding and snowboarding stuff, right? And so I like fully understood, okay, this brand, it's like their event athlete strategy, the design, this collaboration that they did. how you know but but again like it was very very refined to get to that ultimate structure that i have in figma that i can just be like this is the structure that that has worked for me

and it's worked for a bunch of other companies it's like tried and true this structure even just my personal one which i haven't shared broadly has like directly contributed to raising like hundreds of millions of dollars right um just across the years so um i don't know i think you can systematize it yeah there's art and there's alpha in it but it's certainly something you can practice. Totally. And I think people have discovered that, like, you need to be good at this now. Yeah. Do you think people... Well, the other, the other thing I've noticed with, like, company storytelling is, like, if it is truly... And people take you more seriously if you do it in an elf costume. Yeah, yeah, yeah, of course, of course. No, but the thing that I've always found

is, like, if it's really difficult to get the story out in a cohesive way, then your whole strategy is just effed. Like, it's just bad, right? And if it comes out very naturally, it means that, like, there's alignment, the strategy makes sense, but if you're like, if making the deck takes you know 50 hours, it's like you probably just don't have that great of a story in the first place. Like the actual facts of the situation are not that great. Yeah, this is so true for me. So the version of it is at some point I actually thought I wanted to be a writer. Like thank God I'm not. I find writing incredibly painful. But I still have to write every week for my work as an investor. Like memos, LP updates. Yeah, yeah, mostly memos. And like the problem is writing is

thinking, right? Storytelling is thinking, right? How do I actually communicate the strategy of the business and do I believe in it? And the difference between like, I'm procrastinating, I'm avoiding writing this memo for six days in a row because I got to talk to my partners about it is I actually understand the strategy of the company or I don't. Yeah. And sometimes it's because like I just don't know enough, right? We make our first defense investment and I'm like, well, I need to call like 45 people to understand what I don't understand about this yet in terms the procurement process or whatever else. How important is electronic warfare?

Like how quickly is this cycle going to go? But some part isn't knowledge. It's just like, does it make sense at all? And I have learned to trust that signal of like, well, if I'm not missing information and it's still like not super cohesive, it's not because I'm an idiot. Because I have to go tell this story to recruits and to the media and to the next investor. And if it's hard, they're not going to get it either. Right? And so I think there's substance in that.

Yeah, I think part of the, at least, backlash or virality around the idea of... Still so funny, too. To be in Santa? We almost did Santa. We almost did Santa for Evan from Snap on Monday. He's due tasteful for it, I think. Yeah, yeah, yeah. I'm not. There you go. It's like the first time you're meeting someone. Like, can you really go full Santa mode? But, yeah, I mean, part of the reason there was, like, some backlash is I think people are worried about startups leaning into, like,

over rotating to all style, no substance, all storytelling, no plot. You have to forget that, like, without some plot points, you can't tell a story around it. If you haven't built anything, you haven't raised in, you know, you didn't raise a funding around, like a lot of the stories get told around, we built this thing, we satisfied this customer, we hired these people. You also need, you also need tension. You need some, like, adversity, right?

So we'll have founders come on and we're like, aren't, is this not like the most hyper-competitive category? and they'll be like no it's not and then like not give like the follow up as to why and it's like it's okay if it's competitive if you're gonna win and you might be the one to win

but it's better to just admit like it's competitive and like here's what the market is like missing sometimes people don't want to share whatever their alpha is but so I I've like learned a little bit more about I'm just gonna go ahead and say marketing advertising storytelling

but like that category of things that has existed for a little while over time but I'm still like, I taught marketing at Warren, but I'm like at my core. Wow, she didn't just study. She wrote the book. No, no, no. I studied.

Storytelling. I studied a little bit. I was a TA. But, like, I'm a product absolutist. To your point of, I actually had just this like pretty full contact debate with a founder in our portfolio very recently about how much of, like, the success of a company is its ability to raise. money, get to momentum, look like it's winning to customers, look like it's winning to

hires, and go faster than others. And I'm like, well, you know, there's some, it depends on the space, right? And if you're in, take an example, like, like late 2010 SaaS, the degree of freedom you have for like what you're going to go build in any given category, not to denigrate the product work. It's just like you can only do so much without fundamental technology change. if you have certain integration points and certain workflows. And you can have amazing execution there,

but I'm like, you know what you probably want to do? Invest in people who understand the workflow, have amazing execution, and our total animals about like storytelling and momentum and all of that, right? And that doesn't mean there's no substance. It's just like, well, there's not as much creativity. That doesn't sound like 2010 advice, though. That sounds like advice today.

No, no, no. Okay. So today, I would argue actually like... Is it different? Yes. Okay. There's more white... I mean, late 2010 SAS, there was no... it was struggling to find white space, I think.

Like, if you look at the 2020... The things you couldn't build were not that different. Well, yeah, the 2021 era, you saw this, like, it was crypto and fintech. Sure, there was a lot of SaaS, but, like, even with fintech, there wasn't, there was some new infrastructure with fintech that made it easier, but yet that you were still competing with companies that started five, six years ago. And so that was just really rough. And so I think the difference today is, like, we have super powerful LLM.

we have machines that can think, and so maybe there's, like, a little bit more, like, kind of random white space and categories that you can find and go digging in. I was talking to an investor friend yesterday about this, and, like, we were discussing whether or not you just wanted to invest in the smartest people you could, within some constraints of, like, they can convince other people to come to their cause and such. And I'm, like, I actually think there's a much better strategy now than it was in the late 2010s, 2020 period. Yeah.

Because you're like, well, the variance on what you can build is really wide, right? And that's both information and like ability, creativity. People are trying to, you know, they're trying to build very different products even in software. Yeah. And it depends on like what you think you can do with models or robots or hardware, whatever it is, right? And I think it's just like broader.

And if you can do more different things with product, it matters more. So substance matters more than ever. Yeah. Yeah. But storytelling tip. If you believe in the midwit meme, you should invest in the smartest founders, but also the dumbest founders, because we know, they might lock into the same thing.

No, I don't think that works. I think that works. I think that works in CPG, actually. I think it works in CPG. I've seen some people on both sides, do very, very well. And in the middle, it's, like, innovating on four to five different dimensions. It's, like, way too complicated and tends to. Anyway, tell me, what is a NeoLab?

Okay, so there's this category. of company that has been, you know, a handful of these things have been funded this year that are quite controversial in the investing community, which is essentially like, we're going to raise a solid amount of money, let's say, you know, $50, $100 million plus, and we are going to invest in large-scale AI research and training up front. Yeah. So not a rapper company. Not a rapper company, though.

We can come back to that. And I think this is like one of the reasons it's so interesting is because you had this dominant narrative for a lot of the last couple years of just like how could you compete with Google and Open AI. Yeah. And maybe people throw Anthropic in there. Yeah. And then the little bit of thing.

Well, and it's notable because you have, if you're if you're trying to build like a new LLM or maybe have some new ideas around that type of product, and people are already saying like, oh, open AI can't compete with Google because Google has all this cash flow. And even though they have like almost a billion weekly actives, like they're burning so much money, and then you get a new company, a NeoLab, that's like, oh, yeah, we're also going to compete. And we don't have any users, and we have a fraction of the money. And so that's why I think it's been, like, almost a narrative violation if you're

going to, like, or at least, like, contrarian to say, like, no, we actually are going to bet even more into this category. So point of clarification, thinking machines, SSI, Anthropic, are those neolabs or are the neolabs or are the neolabs post those labs? I think the definition would be post those labs. Okay, that's helpful. that was the first generation of this because they also fought that narrative.

And opening I did before them. Totally. Right? And so I think this is like this big open question in venture investing. Like it opens a can of worms of like, well, how much money do you need to go do venture investing at conviction? I got to say like 14 times like we

would argue not that much necessarily if you're very early. But it changes the economics completely to like growth fund. You need to be able to build a position. Because you usually to be, you could take a flyer for two, you know, get 10% of the company for a couple million bucks. And if that's just not going to happen on day one, it's just, the economics just don't works, right? Yeah. So is that changing your fund, or have you figured out a way?

It's, it's not for us. And, you know, we have supported some new research lab efforts, but I think that's also a tactical thing of how early you are. And, but I think the, the broader thing that is really interesting is this narrative violation or question of, is scale the only thing that matters and and like if you're going to spend the GDP of a medium-sized country on training can anybody keep up with you um or even even if so Greg had a video that came out yesterday or this morning we're uh at open AI and he was just saying uh we've tried everything but scale and scale is the thing that works right and so again it's it's very contrarian to be like well no we actually can come up with you're basically if you're raising a hundred million dollars to

compete with these other labs, you're saying, like, we don't need scale just because you're never going to be able to compete on scale when these anthropic and Open AI are running away in the capital markets. You know, I think one of the more nuanced arguments about these things has been, let's say a bunch of people can go raise hundreds of millions to billions of dollars to, you know, $100 billion plus, which is a wild claim to begin with. even so like where you spend that money matters not just size right and so like one of the things that's happened with open source is there there are large pre-trained models some Chinese

some European now hopefully more and more American ones that people work with and are really powerful like the big joke that Silicon Valley runs on Quinn and they're like distilling them they're distilling them and and they're also I think if you're a research lab you tend to be post-training or just trying entirely different architectures. And so people are, the argument, I think, goes something along the lines of, you know, more is better eventually, right? Like, I do need the GDP of Japan in compute.

But on day one, Ilya Satskofer basically said this. Like, in the age of research, we need some amount of money to just validate our ideas, but it's not a trillion dollars. Yeah, I mean, his interview I took away, he's like kind of like, we're going to do a couple million here, a couple million here, a couple million here. And he's a little bigger than that.

Yeah, okay, okay. But the idea is, like, he's not just like we're one-shoting. We're going to try to one-shot this with 60% of the dollars that we've raised. It's much more, again, experimental research-driven. Yeah, and then I think the second part of the argument of, like, you know, we're doing actually new things versus fighting symmetric warfare with Ant or Open AI, which is like seemingly a bad idea in Google, you know, money machine, is. that if you have these pre-trained models,

like, we can just focus. If you have the GDP of Japan and you have the GDP of Germany and, you know, I have some other equivalent country, California, right? Yeah. Let's give it up for California. Let's go, California.

You love you. Total failure of governance and accident of history, but it's best of the world. We're still cooking. Still cooking. Thank you, semiconductors. But if everybody has some huge amount of money, and I put it all toward,

post-training or self-improvement or diffusion or S-S-S or some other bet, and you're, like, serving inference and also doing pre-training and whatever else, then, like, my effort on the thing that matters might be bigger than your effort, even if you have more money overall. That's the story. Let me pitch you on a fund thesis, and I want you to push back on it, potentially, or agree with it. So I have a growth fund. Wait, tell me now, and then let me do it.

Okay, yeah, I don't know. You know, let's say I have like, you know, a billion dollar fund. I'm going to put $100 million in 10 of these Neo Labs, one, you know, $100 million each. They're all going to go and try different ideas. And my thinking is, you know, 10% chance, one of them goes really, really big. But I'm also underwriting these on talent acquisitions. Yeah. And I say that, hey, for, you know, I'm not going to lose money on basically any of these.

Even though I'm paying crazy prices at seed for just a couple people with. barely an idea. I'm going to get a lot of money out because the big hyperscalers are going to continue to acquire. Are you telling me, I think that party's over, or do you think, no, there's going to be an endless stream of billion dollar acquisitions coming out of the hyperscalers? Yeah, it's like shoot for the moon even if you miss,

you'll land in Saatcha's arms. Yes. Is that true? I do think that is part of the calculus that's happening here where the distribution of outcomes is like, without naming names, but how many people want to hire Ilya or Miramaradi or Barrett or any of these folks that have started new labs,

like a lot of people that could have that think that winning an AI race is very valuable to them. Yeah, right? So you think that the hyperscalers that definitely aren't like exhausted of these like lab tuckins, lab tuckins. Okay, so the actual...

Well, and I think my point of view is like as long as you have a bunch of people spending something in the range of $100 billion a year. And they believe that by spending a billion dollars to acquire a team that they can make that money go further, there's a good chance that they will. And if there's, again, if there's like a pullback and new information, then you start to run the calculus of like, well, we're actually cutting spend and we've figured out what we need to figure out. And just adding five new smart people to the team is not going to give us that much of an edge in this market.

Yeah, I think this is exactly right where one of the craziest reframings of this to me made by somebody at a large lab with a lot of money to spend is like, just imagine Jordy is a researcher and his GPU budget for experimentation is $100 million personally. Yeah. And I have to give that to him all the time, right? So he works here for four years. He gets $400 million. Yeah, yeah, yeah. Otherwise you start looking around. Do you say, you get a, you're ready somewhere else. Well, and the question is, like, well, then how much am I willing to pay for Jordy? Sure.

Or the talent that is 1% better, 10% more likely to, like, make the thing work, actually a lot of money, right? Because, like, the way, the, I'm not saying that you just start your growth fund with this risk calculus. It takes a, you know, a certain strength of gut, right? But it's not irrational. to be like, these players have already committed to spend X billion dollars of compute over the next years, and they will look at the people as leverage on that compute. Totally. And so, like, I don't, I mean, lots of things can happen in the macro, and people can change

their minds, and some of these, like, contracts are on performance, right? Like, they're not, like, fully solid. But the way it looks now, I'd be like, I think people are going to keep spending money here. So you're probably safe with your fund. Amazing. No financial advice. If the fund pans out, I'm going big on credit. Christmas. What should I give to all of the founders in my portfolio who have made me so much

money? How do you think about gifting? Is there a top gift recommendation for this Christmas season? Is there anything that you can share about top gifts? Yes. Is there anything you can think about? Look at the Christmas theme on this too. We got Santa Claus. Yeah, this is a gift advertising. I learned recently that Coke made the modern. We fact-checked this. It's not true. So they solidified it. No, they solidified it.

They solidified it. They didn't actually create the whole stick. They didn't create the meta, but they owned it. They owned it. They story told around it. Yeah. They story told around it. Over substance.

So gift guide or maybe like a book recommendation that you could put under the tree if you, I always like giving books. What do you have? No, I'm a big books person. I want people to give me time and books, and nobody seems to be able to give me time. That's deep. Whoa. That's crazy.

Yeah, my husband hates this. He's like, what do you want for Christmas? Do you want, like, stuff? Do you want jewelry? I'm like, no, I want time. And he's like, this is a terrible answer. Maybe he should get you a luxury watch on getbezzle.com or sponsor. What's better?

The only way you can get time is if you get a watch on getbezzle.com, of course. Nice. He said that. How are you processing the current moment and, like, what are you looking out for in the next 12 months? it feels like it's hard to think that we could go things could get crazier i disagree can i give one book recommendation and then we'll like talk about 26 um okay only one um no i'm gonna give you three so i think uh i think dan wang's book breakneck on china and the u.s was really good it's worth reading it's like a little stylized but i think like really substantive i'm actually just good

storytelling i suppose um there's a book on imbruvica like i think a lot of people are something like interested in biotech. Okay. I'm not saying that's bad. I think biotech is amazing, and we'll get a lot more impactful and it's like more efficient. But the book is called,

I think it's called for blood and money, but it's about... Great title. Yeah. I'm interested. Yeah. No, it's sexy. This doesn't sound like a textbook.

Yeah. As hot as an interesting as a book can be about a non-technical founder of like a breakout leukemia drug. Yeah. Like, this is worth reading. Okay, very cool. Very cool.

And then... If anybody, okay, I mean, this is a lot of tech nerds in this audience, so if anybody hasn't read Masters of Doom. Okay. This is a story of like the, like the, Carmack, right? Best era of the video game industry, Carmack, worth reading. All right, these are great. Masters of Doom is great.

Okay, actually I have one more niche one. So also the Prince of Persia book by Stripe Press. That's a good one, in that Masters of Doom. No, I haven't read it. Now I'm excited. That's sort of like, it's a similar, similar theme. Okay, I'm going to screw up this title because it's when... Speaking of storytelling, I mean, the story of a individual,

video game is particularly great, because it's a tech company, but it's always hard to tell the story of a full tech company that just keeps going and going and going. And the video game companies, they do, but you can also tell just the story of that one game. Yeah, it's this multi-year project. Exactly. Whereas no one's like, oh yeah, we needed to talk about like, you know, the story of Figma in 2018 specifically. Like, it's like this whole, it's such a broader arc. Yeah. Anyway, other book recommendations, or we go in 26? Predictions. Okay, maybe last niche one. Yeah. But we could do the rest of the episode this way. there's a book

I'm really interested in like what environments make for good ideas right and like consistently good ideas because part of like extreme growth mentality is you think environment matters and so we're like ah how do we like help people create the environment where they're doing their best work there is a book called Apprentice to Genius

and it's about a series of researchers at NIH and Johns Hopkins that had like just huge contributions to biology chemistry science for a while, like, way more than you should have in just a small lab over, like, decades. Yeah. And was it the feng shui of the building or something? What about the environment? Obviously, like, the academic environment. Yeah, I think it's a, I think even a couple key people

that were kind of, like, around during that period. It is definitely about a couple key people, but the question is, like, how come their students also are, like, Nobel Prize winners, right? Yeah. Because it's hard to imbue the next person with, like, magical, Just go win a Nobel Prize. Here's the playbook. Yeah, but like three times in a row, man. Yeah. And so I think the...

Just look at this deck. Study this deck. Yeah. Study this Vigma file for an hour and you'll be... It's actually an online course now. Yeah. Nobel Prize winning. It's available for $1,000.

For a grand. With, with, uh, clarno payments attached. So... How did I get this Lambo? I won a Nobel Prize. And then they sold a course. I'm not to win a Nobel Prize. The course is $999.

Yeah. Yeah. Yeah, how are you, what are you looking forward to this next year? What are you kind of wary of? I think all the other investors should, like, go away and leave AI alone. Oh, yeah. Yeah, it's over, everyone. It's over, guys.

I'm sorry, the demand was not real. Look at the Oracle stock price. That's what's happening here. If I can't move the markets that way, no, I'd, uh, okay, here. I have really high conviction that, like, you know, 26 is going to be a year of a bunch of new applications of AI, and that doesn't mean that there won't be like market panic or some bumps.

Of course, people will claim it's winter. But I think there is now so much proof that the models are powerful in a bunch of different domains. And it starts with ones that maybe are not like so obviously commercial. You know, rent tech aside, people are like, what can you do with math, right? I'm like, I feel like, here's, my prediction for 26 that you can, like, come back to me on is, um, uh, I think somebody out there is going to make a lot of money, like hundreds of millions of dollars on AI trading.

Oh, interesting. Like, it's not happening at that scale yet, but people are certainly going to try. And I see no reason that way. But do you think that would happen on Wall Street? Will there just be like a pod that is like training models or is that like a startup in Silicon Valley? Because they're very different cultures. I would love to see it be a startup. It would be fun if it was our team, but I think it's going to be, who knows?

I think people are already trying it in lots of different environments. I have talked to some high frequency. I've talked to some high frequency traders who are just like, yeah, I worked at meta and like, meta is better at machine learning than we are. I don't know if that holds across the entire industry, but I do think that like the ad tech industry might be better, even though the high frequency trading industry is like a little sexier and a little bit more discreet. Well, yeah, one reason you might see a startup do it is just because the labs have

been, and just like the West Coast has been recruiting from some of these trading firms on the East Coast. And so they already have the experience. And then they're like, hey, we made something that's pretty smart. Maybe, maybe. And we're seeing, like, I think NASDAQ announced like 24-hour trading. And there is a lot of volatility just in general. So, yeah.

Last question for me. Do you, we've been wrestling with this debate over whether some of these AI tools become like video games. We talked to the founder of Suno. and Mid Journey's similar where there's a lot of people that are using Mid Journey as a prosumer tool there's other people that are using Mid Journey

just as like a game. Like they have an idea for a funny image, they make it, and then they're satisfied when they get that image that they created. I think there's a lot of people that are creating songs on Suno and then just enjoying them themselves and they're not actually sharing them anywhere.

Yeah. How are you thinking about the nature of gen AI interfacing with like prosumer, maybe new consumer, flows, this like gamification. Is any of that resonating from you or any of the portfolio companies? Yeah. Okay. So one thing I have as, I think it's inspiring as an idea is that most people are much more creative than they get to express in daily life, right? If you are a creative of any type, like people have more ideas and points of view than they have tools and

skills to go execute. And so if AI allows people in images and music and video, I don't know if it's a good thing in writing with Slop, or code even, right? Like, if you can make things at a much higher level, then you're, like, you're going to enjoy making things and making more things, right? Like, you know, what's the, like, saying inside every adult is an artist? Yeah. Because who doesn't draw your kid? I feel like some people just don't know what the process, like, people that get viewed

as, like, creative people are often people that just take two very different ideas and put them into one idea, you know, take something that's working and make it different. And I think once people, I've seen people in their head kind of like unlock that concept and then they realize like, oh, I can be creative because like here's a product that I like. What if I made it healthy? Here, you know, TV. But did they make Santa? Or did they make? Yeah, yeah, yeah. What if we made a soda and then marketed it with by creating Santa Claus? And we're back to storytelling. I guess one question, maybe fun prediction. How much do you, how many dollars do you think will be spent on ads within LLMs next year.

Do you think next year? I think it's a little early. That's my feeling. Like I can see it ramping in the back half of the year and like actually, because I think the ads are going to be extremely effective. People are saying like, oh, a lot of these queries are not that high intent. It's just research. But I think that a lot more of them, I think a meaningful amount are product research.

And once you're driving these sort of like high intent clicks, I think it will scale pretty quickly but I think it will take I think it will I think this will be like a second half of the year 2026 story as it starts to scale but we've had founders on the show that have said like when somebody lands on my site from chat chbt they can pervert at 7% and my average conversion rate is like 3%. So I think people don't quite um I think when it happens is going to happen really fast and the question is just like how quickly can the companies with a bunch of traffic build any kind of product because the inventory is going to be so good. And I think it's useful to look at open evidence as a precursor here. So it has been reported that the company went from like

$2 to $150 million of ad run rate already. Oh yeah. It's fully ad supported. This is LLM for doctors. It's the biggest ad business in AI today. Right. I forgot about that. And like what happened? They made a product that was free that was so useful to doctors because you're literally answering the question of like, well, I don't know what's happening in this area. of, like, personalized medicine for this domain of oncology for this type of patient, right? I'm from Wisconsin, so we'll use Wisconsin as an example. Like, I am a doctor in rural Wisconsin that's never seen this type of leukemia, right? So I'm going to ask open evidence for help.

Guess what? Like, that's a really high intent query to go serve ads against for treatments. Here's a treatment. Yeah. And so I think when you compare that to the ad inventory that exists in the world was just like, I'm looking at a bunch of random stuff. My average query is two words or whatever. Like, I think that it's going to be amazing when it happens.

There's a level of trust that I think someone will have with open evidence that they maybe don't have with Google search. Totally. Yeah, they understand what the sources are. It's research, it's trials, et cetera. It's generated data from other doctors. So I think that if you can make the right products here, it's going to be very big. My only question is like how quickly they make those ad products.

Last, last question, are you long or short, forward-deployed engineered, like the model? I think it is a symptom of how quickly AI is happening. And so, like, if the long is people are going to pay for a lot of FTE next year, huge bull, right? So maybe more like 2027, 2028? 2028, I think, like, in the long run, like, you should deliver that as a product and people are going to. I don't think I think FTE happens when people don't have a transition happens too quickly

or they don't have the talent or the ability organizationally to do like change management, the corporate term, but it's real, right? It's really hard to like completely transform an asset manager or a big public company. And so like that's what you're paying for in 26 and 27 and maybe 28.

But I think eventually it's going to be product. Yep. Well, thank you so much for coming by at more time. Thank you for having you guys. This is fantastic. Merry Christmas. Merry Christmas.

Hit the gong for conviction. All the progress you've made. And we will bring in Doug O'Loughlin. The president of semi-analysis is coming on. TBPN. While we bring him in from the Restream waiting room, let me tell you about graphite.dev. Code review for the age of AI.

Graphite helps teams on GitHub ship higher quality software faster. And we've been keeping Doug waiting but let's bring him in to the TBPN Ultrome. Doug, how are you doing? Whoa, look at that. Outer, fantastic. I'm so glad that the shirt was delivered. It looks fantastic on you.

It, dude, it's great. I've been telling, we're gonna make some analysis, like, we're gonna try to do this march. It's so good. You have to. I got it yesterday. I actually didn't realize I was on today. I just wore it today for work.

I'm not, I'm not joking. And then I was like, oh my God, my schedule, my calendar, I'm doing this. I was like, dude, this is perfect. Yeah, I mean, we were talking, and Tyler was like, oh, did you book Doug specifically because you knew that Amazon was going to do this deal with Open AI? He's the perfect person to talk to. Yeah, we booked Doug because we love Doug. I said, no, they did the deal because they knew Doug was going on TBPN on Wednesday, December 17th. They were like, we got to give him something to talk about, let's do a deal. And so Sam and Andy, they got together

and they were like, this is good content for TBPN and semi-analysis. Anyway, take us through your reaction to the deal. And if you could actually just start with like setting the table on where are we on the Traynium narrative, is it good, is it bad, is it like what do we know? How is it changing? What's the updated thinking around just Amazon's chip efforts? So I think it's pretty good. We wrote an article about Training 3.

We think it's going to be a lot better than Trinium, too, mostly because there's a lot of interaction and help with from the labs themselves. And let's not forget, oh, my God, it's beautiful. Let's not forget one of my favorite parts of this whole story is, everyone's like, okay, we wrote about the TPU article and people hated it because we said, oh, it's a Rubin clickbait. Where did all the TPU engineers go? A lot of them went to Traymium.

This brain rot's too NVIDIA-focused. I botched it. We wanted to give you some brain rot. We wanted to put the brain rot directly in the show because we've been enjoying the brain rot edits. And we thought, what if we did it live? But my prompting was maybe below standard. But I like the is it a cake or not? That's pretty good.

I honestly forgot about the cake. Anyway, sorry. Just resetting on training. You wrote the article, obviously, there was like a bunch of back and forth. But how are you thinking about it currently? So look, I think we actually, in the semi-analysis, premium, you know, product that I'd manage. We definitely, we kind of made a call

that we thought there would be some kind of announcement open eye at Reinvent. Mostly because, and then like first principles, here's what it is. Data Center execution is starting to become a real issue. Oracle's delayed. Fairwater's delayed. And Coors and Corrieve is delayed. And you know who is not delayed?

Amazon. Amazon has, like, their execution is flawless when it comes to data center and power. And they're, I think they're going to put like 5, 6 gigawatts online next year. It's a big number. like a huge number. Wow. And so opening eye is always trying to secure more compute at every single point in time.

And who has the most power available to them and has a project that they, you know, obviously are very interested in getting more customers for. I think opening eyes power constraint is going to, like that's one of the reasons why the deal. And then also, you know, open A is always down for fresh money. At this point in time, they're like, they're hitting up Disney. They're hitting up soft bank. Everyone who has money, they're trying to get money on an investment from. So that's kind of like a, you know, a win-win for them.

Okay. So the question that I was kicking around was there's a, there's, there's this $10 billion investment into Open AI from Amazon. Simultaneously, OpenAI has around $38, $37 billion of commitments with AWS over a series of years. And my, my question is like, how, how do we see? How do you think about the way OpenAI will be working with AWS and Traynium chips broadly? Is it something where they can basically make all of their models multi-platform and run them

and kind of create one fluid compute resource, a pool of compute, that can fluidly shift across Traneum and GPU from Nvidia? or are they going to sort of take the Traynium chips and have a specific model, like maybe they'll do their video generation over there, or their image generation, or they have old 4-0 workloads that are sticking around longer than they expected. Let's re-platform that model to Traynium and have it run really cheaply on Traynium or something like that.

Like, is it a per-use partnership, or is it something that cuts across the entire org? Do you have any visibility into that? Did we lose audio? I'm not hearing, I'm not hearing Doug. Lost him. Oh, how about now, how about now. Now we're good. Okay, we're back.

We're so back. I don't think we have perfect visibility first and foremost, but you can look at someone who's already doing that, which is anthropic. Anthropic uses TPUs. They use GPUs and they use Traneum. And so there's a certain level that you can abstract it at. And I think TPUs, for example,

is trying to do it on TorchTPU, right? So at PyTorch. And I think having the multiple compute, like elastic pools of compute is good for negotiating power. And that's probably in opening eyes' interest. But it's like a pain in the ass to get this to work. So there's like a two brains. One, if you're really focused, you just buy more of one and be the best at it.

Two, at the same time, you get to pay less gross margins if you can kind of diversify your suppliers instead of just one. It's possible. Anthropic has shown you that they. people can do it they already have and that's probably what we yeah so that's kind of my brain i i think it really comes down to the power constraint dude that's what amazon has that no one else has and that's like that's the art of the deal if that makes sense yeah also is that is that is that is that is that uh like does that tell me that amazon was more excited about

the i build out a year or two ago they didn't pause when satchan adela went through that pause or is it just Amazon's been building sort of linearly growing, growing, growing for a decade, two decades? And so this is just more of the same what we should have predicted from Amazon. Do you have an idea of like, is this them catching up? Is this them just maintaining their level of excitement? Well, I mean, part of us if you look at Oracle's like backlog announcement, they were basically saying we're going to build AWS in like a couple of years. Meanwhile, IWS has, you know, multi-decade head start. And it's like, yeah, we're also that, like, you can imagine they're thinking, like,

we're going to build that capacity too. And you're welcome to, like, you know, have your deal with Oracle. But it makes sense that Amazon can kind of, like, beat them to the punch. Yeah, I think that that's, I think what Jordy said is probably more down the more realistic of what's happened. So, like, last year, we had the pause from Microsoft. Obviously, it's a big deal. But even before the pause, Microsoft's at the infrastructure level was never as sophisticated from Azure versus AWS.

AWS is the OG all-in-house did everything themselves and has, like, a very reactive and, like, battle-tested infrastructure. And, like, hey, they're the largest logistics company in the United States. They're one of the largest logistic companies in the entire world. Before all this AI stuff, they had the biggest amount of compute and the biggest, you know, biggest infrastructure show and all, like the whole pipeline and platform and all of this. And I think that that's the, like, pretty much they finally got everything turned in the right direction with a focus on more AI. And then you're seeing the results of that. About a year

and a half later, like, right? But while Microsoft pulled back, they pushed ahead. And then now all of their long-term investments are going to start to bear fruit meaningfully in 26 and 27. So that's the, I think that that's the simplistic way to think about it. When I work, when I talk to and I work with people who have worked with, let's say, and this is like from the before times, you know, before GPUs. The difference between AWS and Azure is like, you know, junior varsity varsity. Like, they're a totally different league. And I think that that's, that's, and you don't bet against AWS's infrastructure like execution there. We've seen almost, like, like, Oracle is a perfect example, dude. It's been delay after delay after delay.

Like these timelines are starting to be pushed out. And, and we think that that's going to become, like, you know, more than just like trying to find power, it's just like converting that power into a power in shell seems to have a real execution risk. And I think Amazon is more money good from that perspective. How did you process the AWS, like direct pipe to GCP news? It seems like they're maybe trying to get into more like cross data center training. I know Google has some experience there. Is AWS? Is that, is that something that the big labs are demanding at this point? Like, because they're also multi-cloud. Like, are there any special offerings other than, or is it really just like, hey, we just have capacity and no one else does?

And that's enough. I mean, I think, I think the labs probably demand it. And historically, the biggest rake that everyone got paid or, like, had to pay in the multi-cloud world was egress and ingress. Yeah. I don't, like, this is like, I don't know, you remember maybe 2019? Everyone was like, all these freaking egress fees are like, too high. Then that's kind of, I think that's like kind of how, what they did is they forced all the data to stay inside their data centers and they charged you like crazy to open the door. I think, I think that's just kind of breaking because they're seeing that like the customer's absolute size is so large and they need so much demand that you have to pay. You know, how do you

win these customers? Well, you need to build a pipeline, a door to your data center, especially if your data center isn't where they started at and they're, you know, their data lives in Azure and not in AWS, right? You want to have a door to AWS because up until now, it was everything lived in AWS. So I think that's kind of the story there. Yeah, I definitely think the multi-data center training and inference probably to a certain extent is like maybe not inference, but like that's part of the story too. I also think maybe even rolling back to the previous question in terms of like there was a paper article where maybe it was like a conversation that Anthropic had where there are different models that have different TCO.

at different values on different hardware. So, like, certain types of hardware, I think, is much more profitable on certain types of memory bound and or, like, flops bound. And so I do think having all those different options is going to have a better cost per use per model per hardware. And so that's, I think that that's going to be a, like, strategically valuable thing going forward in terms of, like, lowering the cost of AI. Do you expect to see any announcements on the commerce side between Open AI and Amazon,

we were talking earlier, it feels like this could be a scenario where Disney invested in OpenAI and an exchange, as part of that, Disney is giving them a one year exclusive on all that IP which is like an insane I think underrated advantage.

With Amazon, you can imagine ChatT, OpenAI has been working since inception to be able to monetize some of the product like some of the purchasing that they are driving across the internet and could be. but at the same time Amazon is a $60 billion ad business and they want to protect that

and that's based on people landing on Amazon and searching for products there. My impulse is not, no way, man. That's like the unassailable, that's the unassailable thing. Yeah, it's the golden goose. Why would you let the fox into the henhouse? Just no way. No way, dude. So the weaker companies have, the Etsies of the world have said like, yeah, we'll do it.

because we... Did more to win. Yeah. Your background makes it look like you're in space. Are you developing a thesis around data centers in space, or is that coming? I know you probably don't want to leak too much alpha on this particular show, but how are you thinking about it? What's the timeline?

Is there going to be a space data center model for sale anytime soon? So you're talking, I'm from the space data center team, research team at Semi-analysis. right now on the ISS. Let's go. And I'm... Santa Tracker online. Santa Tracker online. And I'm going to be honest with you, I'm a space data center hater.

I'm a huge space data center. I'm a giant hater. I'm sorry. I know Gavin talked about it. Gavin's really intelligent and like a very well-spoken, smart individual in the space. But like, guys, it is hard to train a model on Earth today. It's hard enough to trade on. It's hard to build a box

and put some chips in it and plug it in on earth. Yeah. Yeah. Dude, we're telling me that we have power delays on Earth. Yes. What's going to happen? Like, we... It's hard to square those things. And so... And so, Hater... I mean, the pushback

there would obviously be, like, there's a lot of energy in space, solar energy. But again, it... I just felt like there was like a very organized effectively narrative pump tied to this. I mean, do you want to know why? Come on.

I can tell you the answer. Yeah. I can tell you the answer. It's because SpaceX is racing. Yeah. You got to remember what bag is being pumped at any given time, and the fact that you heard this SpaceX round come out maybe a few weeks later is not, it's that, like, narrative pump is not surprised.

It was in the same week that the $800 billion round, like details came out, I could see them raising more now because they've announced the like target one and a half trillion. So like that that just creates space for like the pre IPO round which could land at easily a trillion or north of a trillion now that all these people realize like, hey, it's going to go out. I'm going to have like a shorter liquidity timeline. And so yeah, I would expect, you know, more. I think that's part of it. But also, uh, you know, You know, if we're talking about data centers in space, there's only one service provider, right? The whole – so, like, you know, one of the reasons why I'm, like, a hater of data centers in space is, like, hey, like, you know, a 3200 pound or whatever, a one-ton GB-200 on Earth costs a lot of money, 10x the cost to get it into space, right?

But if a space data center was to ever happen, right, there's only one company that has really lowered the cost of moving something from on Earth into space. And so if that was to even be part of the TAM, all of that TAM would belong to SpaceX. So that's my belief at least is that like when these like large narratives come around a very large funding round, there's no, it isn't a coincidence. Maybe that's what they were talking about in the SpaceX round. And that's where you're starting to hear all this stuff. Hey, this is something in their long term planning. And then, you know, investors who are very excited about it, talk about it. That's very plausible.

And if there are data centers in space, I promise you, SpaceX will be doing it. Let's put it that way. Yeah, yeah, yeah. However you feel about it, I promise you SpaceX will be doing it. Yeah. It's sort of the same thing as like the Mars narrative, which is still years and years away and, you know, maybe decades away. But you still have this like call option on it because if we get to Mars, it's probably going to be a space.

Something I've been thinking about is, I mean, it seems like, I mean, so far Paramount's Skydance effort to acquire Warner Brothers seems to be falling apart a little bit. bit. Warner Brothers Board doesn't want to do it. They're happy with Netflix. It seems like Netflix very clearly is like good for the deal and there's less certainty on the on the paramount side or at least that's how Warner Brothers Board is positioning it. And I have to imagine that there's a handful of people that are looking at that money that was like soft circled by the Gulf and they're like, I want I want those tens of billions of dollars. So like if your SpaceX or your open AI and you're like seeing an opportunity of like hey this this kind of money was soft-circled for a deal that might not be going through everybody should be going

after that yeah you should be raising always be closing bro always I wanted to ask you about storytelling but in a very specific context obviously everybody on the timeline was talking about storytelling this week if you should hire a storyteller but I wanted to ask you about meta specifically their storytelling because they came out this year with this story around personal super intelligence and then there was some reporting recently I forget by who that was saying like some of the execs apparently were just like hey we should just work on ads basically like let's just make the core business better and I feel like I personally as a as a user in the

meta ecosystem I have no idea what like personal super intelligence like really means, right? Is it, is it a better, like, are you trying to deliver a better version of chatGBT and get into the search business as a, as a meta shareholder? I'm like, I don't know, I also don't, I also don't totally know what it means. And so my question is like, do you, do you think that meta needs to kind of dial that in? Or do we just let them cook and, and we can form an opinion once they, once they ship? look so okay i i think forming an opinion when they ship is like the most reasonable way to live your life instead of speculating but i'm going to put my my zuck hat on okay zuck hat on um let's think

about how i would do this um three billion people use our products every single day and it's important part for of your day-to-day thing i would argue uh the chat chpt universe is actually like don't even include us uh include the united states actually we are high our pro users who like pay for like max or pro or whatever and like can can amortize know how to use these things um the adoption in the united states is pretty high the long tail of meta users is like pretty astounding um you know in in some places in southeast asia like hey meta or like WhatsApp which is um by meta is like the primary mean for people to do business on right for people to talk to other businesses hey um all of a sudden like i'm sure have you ever done like a random like tour in like southeast

Asia or like Japan or like wherever that you go on. And you like, you know, you sign up for it and they, they send all these things. There's clearly like a whole business flow behind it. WhatsApp actually does have a ginormous, you know, billion user moat that I think can like kind of, you know, kind of become the super app. That's like, if I had to be like, that, that, but the other thing, they have to be feeling pretty confident with the experience with threads where they have effectively ported their user base to an entirely new app. Like it's, I believe they could at some point, once they're confident in the product experience, get the meta AI app to half a billion users in the way that they, I don't think threads is at that yet, but it's at hundreds of millions of active users. And that, that distribution advantage does give them the potential to, like, come from behind, especially in some of these sort of more international markets. I mean, have you guys ever seen the, like, the really sloppy, I think their app love an app.

advertisements actually for the games. It's like the guy and he's shooting a gun and you press one. It's like the pure brain rot video game ad that gets you to click through. Yeah. Meta has the ability, in my opinion, to serve that kind of crap in your feed that is so gamified, it makes you press a button. When I am doom scrolling on reels or something like that, occasionally there would be a thread where they have like such a jubated, ridiculous title where I'm like, I just have to see that and of course it ends like the word before the hook that you want to know the answer and so you click it and then you go through and then like that's how you can like juice arpoo so yeah you're i think you're right there no one else has quite the on ramp i think in terms of

engaging active users asap if they wanted to but i think you have to have like you know you have the galaxy brain addictive perfect use case done first because i think they have the on ramp and they can spend enough GPUs to tell you here's how you convert a random user to try our for 30 seconds, and we could probably mechanically show it to enough people to get, you know, to easily boot up 10, 20, 30 million people to try the app very quickly. But the real execution that I think it's going to be on them is to get those 10, 20, 30 million people to become addicted users who share it with other people and make that, you know, personalized superintelligence part of your day to day. Yeah, remember to the WhatsApp point, they did boot Chatchabute

out of like the WhatsApp ecosystem like not too long ago remember which had like a ton of users i think it was i it was at least let me boot this out this was like i think a couple months ago it's actually a really interesting i might have to follow up on that idea actually that's pretty it's pretty interesting am i kind of uh that tells you that tells you yeah i mean it tells you like how how they'll integrate their own models yeah 100 times uh um Anyways, we're way over. I wish we had more time. But thank you for being a part of this this year.

What a rock? Some of our most enjoyable conversations. Thank you so much for everything you've done to help. Dude, thank you guys. I love, I love TPB. Seriously, I love TBBN, like straight up. We're on the moon, I guess, or we're in outer space. You guys are in L.A.

I would love to do it in person sometimes. Please come down. I'm like never out. No, I would love to. Anytime. It'd be great. Merry Christmas. Have a great holiday season.

And we'll see you. 2026. You're the man. Goodbye. Cheers. Public.com investing for those who take it seriously. They got multi-asset investing.

And they're trusted by millions. Our next guest is Doug Bernauer from Radiant. He's right across town over in Elsa Gundo. He's one of the original Elsa Gundo hard tech companies. I have been a huge fan. Look at that Bo Trust. Look at this building. So, so.

We're looking for a building. I didn't know that terminology until this year, and now I only want to spend time. If I'm not at home, I want to be in bow truss buildings. They're just, they're iconic. You could come on by. I think it's a double bow trust because we've got the two. No way. They got double bow trust.

Adler says a name for that. That might be the name for that. Anyway, we're not here to talk about architecture. We're here to talk about nuclear reactors. So please kick us off with a, get us up to speed on what's happened in the last year. How are you describing the shape of the business? Where's the progress? What are you building and how do you frame it for everyone?

Thanks, John. Great to be here. We are actively building our first nuclear reactor, which would be the first new design going critical at Idaho National Laboratory since 1977. So before any of us were born. So it's extremely exciting. I think last time we had talked a year ago, we were still working on the design. Now all components are ordered.

There are parts here. There are technicians assembling it. We're on qualified supplier list. And just this morning we announced we were... You said the first. Is there some competition to really be the first? A lot of people want to say they're the first. Absolutely.

There's always competition. And I welcome all the competition. Let's all build a huge amount of reactors. And make American nuclear energy reach as many people as it can. So the design's still the same. one megawatt, roughly the size of a shipping container. Have you thought about who the buyer is? I know we've talked in the past about you throw it on a military base or you throw it on an oil and gas exploration zone, stranded area where diesel might be really expensive. Are you still

thinking about those types of customers or have the AI folks come calling? We're absolutely thinking about those types of customers, but really nuclear energy is for prosperity driving prosperity that means letting humans put power wherever they want to put it just so happens if you make a compact reactor you can put years of megawatt scale power wherever you want we have made progress with uh you know we have a data center customer equinix who has put down an order for 20 units so it's amazing AI is definitely driving that congratulations that's a lot i mean yeah and then more more progress with the military customer as well you know we have a the contract now with the Air Force through Defense Innovation Unit for several units there as well.

So it's really, we're working on the same stuff that, you know, the design has not needed to change. We submitted a regulatory document over 500 pages to the Department of Energy. One shot it with chat with chat GPT. It's not a good thing to do. You definitely can use AI to learn fast, but not to do fast. Yeah, that makes sense. So take us through the news today. massive new funding around

what exactly happened and then I want to talk about some of the uses of that funding. Yep. Yeah, so we have raised over $300 million in new funding through boosts and Draper Associates. Massive. Awesome.

Yeah, I mean, that's a huge number. Is that because you're expecting to order lots of parts at this point because you're actually fulfilling orders. Is this hiring more R&D, scientists? How much of this goes into R&D? How much of this goes into OPEX, CAPEX? How are you thinking about the uses of the phones? Yep. All D, no R. Okay. So it's, we're building. We're building right now. That's right. But it does accelerate our ability to go and build and get some more trained operators to run at Ida National Lab. We'll be running 24-7 with the reactor up and functioning.

But a lot of those funding will go towards, actually, our facility that we announced in Tennessee, you know, over 80-acre site where we're putting down new construction on Department of Energy Land. And that's fueling facility. What will become the mass production of reactors coming out of that facility. Yeah. So the next INL milestone, do you have a specific date locked in? Are you working against a particular timeline? And has any of this shifted since there's been sort of a flurry of efforts to speed up the development of nuclear specifically? Has anything been able to be pulled forward?

I know that there's a lot of excitement around nuclear just over the past year. Has anything changed from your initial plan? I think things are accelerated across the board. so we got access to fuel in may we know that's been transported now it's at the fabricator fuels being made for the reactor that's very new probably the most important thing to know that we'll hit schedule that nothing's really changed in the in long run you know we had a goal of going critical the reactor full scale one that's designed built by and then operated by radiant along with the national lab and that'll happen before summer which is pretty exciting so it's very very soon that's

coming up. Your greater question, there's a whole bunch of executive orders, and there's a lot of impetus from the current administration to make things move, make them go quickly. And the national labs and the NRC are both looking at their processes and going, well, we've got new reactors coming, and so let's plan for it. Yeah. And so there are new processes that have already been released as part of that effort. So it is not an open call to action, but we're seeing a lot of real action. That's great. Switching topics, I wanted to, we had the tragic news yesterday that the MIT professor passed. I know he was studying and focusing on fusion. Can you talk about maybe the significance of his work

and kind of the more industry reaction? Because a lot of people on the time of line, we're just kind of reacting to that. And obviously, it's incredibly tragic and just, you know, concerned around the work that he was doing. Yeah, I am actually not a fusion expert. So I think that probably that story is best told by someone else. Of course, energy is critical. And we're all building off of those marvels of the past and the technology that's developed, even just the ideas and those people who are willing to, you know, take their, make their life and their life's work about something so important as, you know, clean, safe energy and access that energy for all of humanity.

Yeah. What, uh, you, uh, one of your unique, uh, sort of, like, experience has been at SpaceX watching, uh, development of early rockets and then the, the transition from making one that works to making, you know, dozens and eventually hundreds that work of these, like, you know, massive machines. How are you thinking about setting the company up for success in the transition to the point where you're turning out dozens of reactors? Can you already feel that Radiant is a different company because you're thinking about scale down the road? Yeah, that's absolutely the case.

So pretty much everything with nuclear does not have a thing you can go and just carbon copy and say, we're going to somehow make reactors a thousand times smaller, but yet follow all the rules and use all the same suppliers who are used to make in those types of parts and things. And I think at my core is that SpaceX kind of derived first principles approach. And, you know, it's absolutely the case. And we usually point folks to talk to the national labs or other entities who are not us to talk about us and go, you know, what's different about those guys? And we really, we feel strongly that you must really own every aspect of the design down to

and including the printed circuit boards and the software that goes on them. And that is not at all dissimilar to, right, that's the thing SpaceX also did. So it wasn't just, hey, make rocket engines only make that. There's also, it's really required that you think through integration and go put everything you can get from the modern world into something. So you end up with something that's not outdated or slowed down by lack. of integrating that new technology. How big is the team at this point?

And are you going to need to set up a second facility at some point? Because it feels like, you know, SpaceX started and El Sagano eventually sort of outgrew that and now has an entire city. Is there going to be a like a radiant base city somewhere in Texas or something at some point? Yeah. So Tennessee is our factory site. Tennessee. Construction will start really soon on that.

I think we will have a functioning building able to, able to handle fueling reactors before the end of next year, which is a wild timeline, only supported by the NRC being able to move fast today, which is very exciting. But we already actually have two buildings in El Sigundo. We just got our second building last month. Congrats. That's amazing. So we have ES1, ES2.

Yeah, very cool. Chat, Gabe, in the chat said the Koreans are making major moves in nuclear, he thinks. Are there any countries that are kind of like rebooting their, their nuclear energy efforts that you're looking to at. That's interesting. Or, yeah, inspiration or people that have been inspired by your efforts and other companies in the space. Yeah, so nuclear spans this wide range of power levels. So very true Korea's, they're building a whole fleet of reactors that are, I think, 1,400, even up to 1,600 megawatts.

So some of the biggest that there are. And they're able to do it on really short timelines, you know, five to six years to construct a giant, facility like that, which is grid power. But it's so different from what we're doing. And I don't know if it seems like America might be ahead and might be first in the area we're in, which is these one megawatt, right, systems, the real tiny and portable stuff. But there are, because the U.S. is so innovative, there are startups that are working on this as well and some established U.S. nuclear companies. But there's handfuls of them. There are even more federal dollars being pointed at this problem.

So the Army actually have a really big program called Janice that's been announced that we're really excited about. So that could provide even faster motion to the tip of the spear, right? And you'll make it so that nuclear can go in a box and can go anywhere you want,

which isn't the case for those big reactors in other countries. How much of what's happening in the admin is just a different level of energy, a different perception versus is like there's, oh, that one law change, that one rule changed. And because it felt like, we've talked about this in the past, there wasn't necessarily just like one line in the legal

code that was holding you back. It was more like this sclerotic system of, you know, like a large organization. A lot of people trying to do their best, but just not really pushing things forward. So is it more of like a cultural shift or has there been particular regulatory changes that have been helpful. Yeah, it's a great question. I think it's always a, it's kind of a combination of things. But I would say that, you know, we have Department of Energy. We have the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.

These organizations have been around a very long time. There are people who have been there. Did we lose audio and video? We lost both. We lost both. You're back. You're back. Oh, sorry about that.

Yeah, no problem. Oh, re-answering. So the NRC, right, in the Department of Energy, there are people there who've been there for decades, and it's not like there's a real cultural shift, but there's a, there's a culture within them that just need to be unleashed. Sure. And so a lot of folks, it's the same people, but they're just answering a different call. Yeah. Right. And they're, they're excited by and they're deploying fuel.

You know, there's a reinvestment in enrichment assets in this country as well, which since 2013, there had been nothing. So I think we're just really out of a dry spell. That's great. Yep. That's fantastic. Well, thank you. A lot of belief. Thank you so much for coming on the show on such a busy day.

And congratulations on the massive series D. It's $1.8 billion valuation. You're officially a unicorn. Mode. Congrats to the whole team. I'm sure you guys are not going to have very relaxed end of the year. I can't imagine you resting on your laurels. That's what we do over here.

You got timelines. We'll handle the long. Laura will rest it. That's right. The build plan includes weekends and holidays. Okay, that's great. Yeah, locked in. Well, thank you so much for coming on the show.

Have a great, have a great holiday season. Cheers. Cheers. Privy makes it easy to build on crypto rails, securely spin up white label wallet, signed transactions, and integrate on-chain infrastructure all through one simple API. And our next guest is already in the Restream waiting room.

We have Jacob Ephron from, Red Point. There he is. There he is. Hey, how you doing, guys? Great to be on. Great to finally have you on. Got it in before the end of the year. Welcome to the show. It's an honor to be here. A very, very happy holidays to you guys. Thank you.

What's going on in your world? Maybe first time on the show, quick introduction for the folks watching. Yeah, I'm Jacob. I'm a managing director of a Red Point. We're a $6 billion fund, and I co-run our early growth fund, which sounds

an oxymoron, but basically means series B and C. So that's where I spend all my time and do a lot of our AI investing across a bunch of companies. What's your favorite? You know you can't answer that question. I think you can answer it. I think it's, I have a friend who does A's and B's, and like he has like a very, very clear, a very clear, clear preference around like one of, I'm not going to, I'm not going to, you know, share his alpha, but, like, he has a lot of reasons about liking one versus the other, and I think, I think they track. But I'm curious how you think of that B to C range if there's, like, what you're most excited about. The first investment I ever worked on at Red Point was show sponsor ramp, which is sitting

nicely up there in the, in the top right. And so I feel like that, that set the bar pretty high for, for team velocity. Was that the, was that the B or the C that you guys said? That was the B, yeah. That was the B. Yeah. Yeah. Now, I, I, uh, I remember those days. You guys had a lot of conviction, and it certainly panned out. What, yeah, what, like, how are you kind of reflecting on this year? Yeah, it's been, it's been quite the year, right? I think we've, you know, on the application side, I feel like there's been a tremendous amount of stuff that's really started to work. I feel like, you know, obviously coding being the killer use case, but there's been a ton in customer

support, health care, legal. And I think the big question going into next year is, what's the next set of dominoes to fall on the application side? You know, are we in a time period where models are relatively plateauing and it's going to be this set of applications for a bit, or are we going to see some improvements and then get a whole next wave of application areas unlocked? At the same time, there's been a ton of interesting stuff on the model side, you know, outside of core LLMs. Obviously, you guys have talked at length about some the cool stuff happening in the image and video world, but even in robotics, biology, material sciences. It's been fascinating to see. And then next year, I'm really fired up about

infrastructure, actually. I think with the models slowing down a bit, I actually think it's a great opportunity. There's finally a stable set of things to build infrastructure for. And so I think it'll be really, really interesting 26. Do you think that there's any chance that we'll get a new consumer AI company out of a company that didn't start as a consumer AI company. I'm just fascinated by this. Like Open AI Part 2? Oh, I mean, I mean, that is one of my hottest takes is that maybe maybe the Open AI non-profit spons another for-profit because perhaps there's something just innately, you know, like just there's no better place to just do unstructured research and start a company than a massively funded nonprofit. It happened once in history. Maybe

it happens again. But, but I mean, to be clear, I was talking more about like, There's these, like, Suno, mid-jurney, there's this interesting, there's this interesting wave of companies where they have a model, and they turn it loose, and it seems like people are kind of playing with it themselves, and everyone reads immediately, oh, job displacement, that's a pro-sumer tool, that's an enterprise product. And maybe that's right. Maybe there is a big enterprise opportunity or big prosumer opportunity or B-to-B opportunity. But I'm more interested in these new patterns of consumer behavior right now and trying to find areas where consumers just might land. But I don't know if you've even looked at any of that. Yeah, no, we've looked at all these. And I think there's obviously a ton of interesting new consumer behavior around, you know, remixing these models, playing around with them. I think, you know, especially.

I mean, we play around with that tool all the time. And so I do think that they're, you know, I think that the key. will be, and you're starting to see this with Open AI and Disney, and even Suno, which had an arrangement with Universal recently, it's like bringing IP onto these platforms, I think will just be fascinating, right? Because what's the, it's fun to remix something that is, you know, maybe a friend or somewhat abstract. It's a lot more fun to remix something that involves, you know, Taylor Swift or, you know, Darth Vader or some form of IP. How do you look at that category evolving because I was debating somebody Monday night who has

manage some of the biggest global superstars, and we were talking about music creation as a category and consumer AI in this kind of prosumer category. And I was taking the side that like you have to assume that every lab, or not every lab, but a lot of the big players get into, you can imagine Gemini letting you make music, open AI. I think a lot of people will get into this because it's just like it's a great hook and it's something consumers clearly want. I was much more on the side of, like, I think music is, like, nuanced enough, and, like, there's a lot of depth to it, and I think it deserves a standalone app, and I think that there's a lot of people that will just pay for the Suno experience for a long time, even if they have some of these other subscriptions. Meanwhile, like, clearly, like, you don't need, like, the average person is not going to necessarily have, like, an image gen app, and then also, like, their normal LLM. So I'm curious, you guys are obviously quite biased here, given your position in Suno, but

like how you see that structure evolving. We're not investors in Suno, just a fan. Oh, really? Sorry. I'm from Boston, and so anytime there's like an epic Boston-based company, I get very excited. And so Suno being from there is awesome. But I think that to your question, you know, I agree with you. Like, it probably doesn't live within a larger consumer app.

I think, if anything, what you're going to see is there's a whole set of experiences to be built around how artists interact with their fans through these platforms. And I think that when someone captures a lot of the volume of folks that are interested in this, that's where the artist will go. It's not like an artist is going to go to 10 different, you know, to Gemini to Claude, to chat GPT where music's embedded and like, you know, have back and forth with fans that are, you know, remixing their songs and interacting with it. I think that the, you know, the IP holders here will go to the consumer landing plage that aggregates as many people as possible. And so I actually think it makes a ton of sense as a, as a space for a standalone category, because it's not really just about the quality of a model, right? Yeah. Totally. I wanted to chat was asking about pricing and I was curious too, how you guys are, how you guys handle some of these companies that are being formed have, are getting

off the ground basically with like series A pricing out the gates. How do you guys handle that at Red Point when you have an early stage team and then you're doing early growth and you're like where do these even fall in? You incorporate the company and you say, I don't want to talk to the Red Point seed investors. I want to do a growth round on day one. I want to talk to Jacob. Because that would happen from the guy above you. They call you know, I don't have an idea, but I need a growth round right now. Put a hundred million in my account. Yeah. I mean, this is where, I think it's just one of the really fun parts of working at a small firm, right? There's, you know, there's eight of us that just work super closely together on all this stuff.

And, you know, a company can be a seed one day and five days later be a Series B. And so we, you know, I think it involves us just working super closely together. But it's, you know, it's an interesting time, right? It's both a crazy valuation environment and also these markets that folks are going after is just absolutely massive. And so I think you have to hold both of those, both of those truths simultaneously. Okay. On the valuations broadly, just in the last half of this year, we've seen Oracle sell-off post a big excitement around the backlog and the RPO. We've seen Corweave sell-off. We've seen Rich Sutton and Andre Carpathie and Ilya Sutskiver on the Dorcas-Petel podcast talking about

how maybe the models are slowing down. Is any of that... Yeah, though I love that Andre's take was taken as bearish. He was like, I think this stuff will automate all enterprise work, but it will take a decade. And everyone's like, oh, it's over. Like, if it takes a decade, I don't want it. Well, there's the question. I need it now. Is that how is the venture community, how are all of those different data points?

Some of them bullish, some of them bearish, potentially, many of them up for interpretation. How are they being interpreted in series A, B, C prices? Yeah. I mean, I think what's very clear is there's both going to be, you know, massive new companies created in this wave. And I think even with just the capabilities of models, even if you believe that models aren't going to get that much better without some algorithmic breakthrough,

and you believe that we're overbuilding on the data center side, it doesn't change the fact that this current generation of models works really well in a bunch of different application areas. And so I do think, like, on the app side, there's going to be massive businesses built. They'll require a bunch of infrastructure behind them. I think you were talking earlier with Sarah about some of the neolabs. I think that's like the most interesting question.

of, you know, what is the form of model progress going to be in the next five, ten years? And is that something that occurs within the labs or outside of them? But I don't think that anyone's questioning whether really large companies will be rated today. Yeah. What about the overall venture, like the amount of dollars flowing into venture funds right now? I'm sure you have a view and you have a couple of data points. There's this chart that looks incredibly barish. It looks like it's completely over for venture capital.

And yet, that doesn't match with anything I was feeling because there's huge rounds happening. I mean, I guess it doesn't count as venture capital, but Open AI is raising $10 billion from Amazon. Like, there's big deals getting done, but for some reason there's a chart that shows venture dollars going down. How would, did you process? Did you see that chart? Did you process that the same way I did? Walk me through your interpretation of that. What's going on? Yeah, I think you're spot on on the vibes. It didn't, it didn't totally match what it feels like the game on the field is. I do think there's probably, you know, it's definitely harder for emerging managers or first-time funds. And so it doesn't surprise me that the overall count of funds was down a bit.

But, like, you know, a lot of that data can be skewed by some pretty outlier, large funds that were raised in kind of 21, as well as the fact that those funds in 21 were deployed in like, you know, six, 12 months or something, right? And so I think actually maybe we're back to slightly more normal fund deployment bases. Yeah. And then do you think there's also a shift over the last? last few years to more SPV usage amongst fund managers so that maybe the maybe the dollar value that's flowing through is high or is growing right now this year certainly isn't a look at rate we just had dug on from radiant the two funds that led yeah are not to my knowledge multi-billion dollar funds and yet he raised 300 million dollars sure to come from yeah assuming that came

almost entirely from SPVs. Sure. So, yeah, are you seeing an uptick broadly? Does your firm have a view on SPVs? Yeah, I mean, I think there definitely, you know, seems to be both SPV activity as well as, you know, Nvidia, like, you know, large, the hyperscalers, a lot more investment coming in from all sorts of other places. I think for us, you know, we keep our fund size focused where, you know, we want to be, you know, direct investors and long-term partners to the companies we work with. But I do think, you know, I do think that's probably part of the story here, too. Yeah.

Do you think there's any, are funds losing, like, losing rounds to hyperscalers? Like, oh, yeah, I put it in a term sheet and they went with Nvidia instead of me. I think usually these rounds are kind of a combination of, you know, traditional venture firms and some of the other folks. But obviously, people have different incentives in those arrangements. And so, you know, it can change the pricing sometimes. Yeah, yeah, that makes a lot of sense. What are you expecting out of robotics broadly next year? Or maybe those two years.

Did you guys see the news from physical intelligence today? It's actually pretty nuts. I didn't see it. Sorry, break it down for the audience. Yeah. So for those that didn't see, and I am not a robotics AI researcher to be clear, but I'll do my best to play one. But you guys are investors in physical intelligence, so you're basically an expert.

Let's bring the gons to that. Exactly, exactly. I love that. What they basically showed is there's been this question for a long time of can you use, you know, egocentric human video data to improve robotics models. Because God, we have a lot of human video. What we don't have a lot of is teleoperated data and other data that's more difficult to gather for robotics. And so what they were able to show is that basically they built these models already on, you know, they had this model pie.5 that they built using a bunch of teleoperated data. And once the model got to a certain ability, they then threw a bunch of egocentric human video data at it, and it actually made the model way better.

And this was what's called an emergent capability. This capability didn't happen when the model was way worse. And what's exciting about it is it kind of parallels actually a lot of what's happening in reinforcement learning right now. And, you know, after AlphaGo, there was this huge push to do reinforcement learning for everything. And it didn't really work because the base models weren't powerful enough. But then fast forward, we did this massive pre-training. We got these much more powerful base models. And then reinforcement learning started working really well. And so it seems like as we're starting to scale some of these robotics models, we're starting to see some pretty cool effects of the ability to apply video data,

which we have a lot more of. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah, that makes that sense. It's awesome. Yeah. Those guys every month, I feel like have some awesome research.

Any predictions around just like, I feel like for people, you see stuff coming out of labs, it's really exciting. but for people to really start to, like, actually believe that robotics are going to transform our entire world, right? You have to, like, get zipline delivered to your house and have that, like, moment, right? You have to be in a waymo. Yeah, everyone seems to be waiting for, like, the touring test of robotics is, like, do my dishes. And it's, like, it's unclear that that's going to be the first really big business in robotics. Like, it could be something else that comes out.

but we already have the robot in the house. It's a vacuum cleaner. You know, a variety of companies have duked it out there. But, like, we have some robotics that deliver some value, but we want something that's like the full humanoid will probably accept the dishwasher robot in the interim with, like, one hour or something. I'll definitely accept a dishwasher robot. Like, I'm here for that.

The laundry robot, like dishwasher, sounds great to me. The dishwasher, I'll sell you a dishwasher. It's an AI dishwasher. 20 grand. You want it? Yeah. Yeah. For under my Christmas tree, I'll take it.

But, no, I do think that, you know, basically as these models get better, we'll start to see some pretty interesting, probably to start in, like, you know, some of the enterprise use cases where you control the environments a bit more and it's less on the home side. But I think there's going to be a ton of really interesting stuff people build on top of the models. To be clear, there still needs to be improvement in the underlying models until we get there. But I think it's so clear everyone from the government to the largest companies in our economy are, are quite. quite focused on robotics right now, and rightly so. Have you looked at other AI hardware stuff? There's this weird phenomenon happening where there's a lot of AI hardware companies that go viral, get tons of press, and then it doesn't seem like there's massive sales in the short

term, at least. And then we wound up finding some company that was just doing basically AI device for note-taking. It just records and gives you the notes. It's a very simple, like, you know, I can explain you. You already know exactly what I'm talking. talking about in terms of the product value prop, and they're making like a hundred million dollars in sales, maybe 250 or something already? Have you looked at that?

Have you thought about how the future like AI hardware plays out, or is it scary because the big device companies, like Apple might want to just go after that and just eat that at some point? Well, I think all big markets, the big companies will want to go after, right? And so nothing, I think that's the price of it being really interesting. We're investors in a company called Sesame that is going after, you know, both kind of better voice models, but also like, you know, the AI Glasses world. And I think that it's interesting to see so many people coalesce on that as like the form factor

for a bunch of, you know, of these products going forward. And so I think that like that is hugely exciting. And I would be really surprised in the next few years if there wasn't much more prolific usage of hardware that has a bunch of these AI capabilities built into it. Yeah. No, that's exciting stuff. Jordy, anything else? The amount of glasses that are going to be available in a few.

years is wild. Probably going to eat where it's Sesame, Snap, Apple, that's less than you walk into a sunglass hut. There's 25 brands. Why not 25 brands of electronic products? Yeah. No, no. I just think it's exciting. It's going to be very cool. Yeah. It's going to be pretty sweet. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. We got the demo Monday of the new, uh, new, the snap spectacles. Uh,

specs that are coming out next year that are dev only right now. And, uh, we were running around everywhere here, having, having a lot of fun. I mean, the AR. Are you guys going to rock them on the show next year? The augmented reality is remarkable.

They're very chunky. They're big. And I've actually thought about this. Like, like, would I have a reason? The developer version is not what they're releasing this next year. But, um,

uh, I, like wearing augmented reality glasses. I mean, I guess I could have a screen. It's like, I could kind of use it as like a teleprompter. Like I,

sometimes I will, like, text with the team on my laptop here. Um, oh, is the next guest? you know, on time, or do I need to hang out in this interview longer? Not to break the fourth wall here, but, um, and I could imagine, I could imagine glasses.

I hope you're not texting that directly right now. I'm not, but, uh, but Logan from Google is actually a few minutes late, so we can hang out here and chat. Um, but, uh, and then maybe it would be fun to have a camera on there that you could feed into the show. So you could be like, let's go to the John cam. Because sometimes we go to the gong cam and imagine if you could watch me hit the gong in first person as Santa Claus. Like, that sounds like entertainment. Of course, I'm sort of a niche use caseer. Sort of a niche user, but I don't know.

I just came up with two pretty cool use cases. I think it's going to be a fun future. Yeah, I think the fun part about this stuff, I mean, it reminds me of the models. It's like you put it out in the world and you can't begin to imagine the way that people are going to use it, right? And I think that once you have a product that meets the aesthetic bar of something you'd actually wear, people are going to use it in all sorts of ways that I'm sure anyone making these things couldn't possibly predict in the same way that I love

whenever the model companies release a model, it's like they have some idea, but they're always day one shocked at like all these things that work about it are ways people use it. They had no idea. Yeah. Last question. With all the competition in the foundation model space, it does seem like there's a lot of startups that you've probably invested in that are spending a lot of money with the foundation labs. Have you seen that manifest in gross profits? There was a data point from Notion in the Wall Street Journal that their gross profits went from like 95 to 85% or something. It was like very slight gross margin compression, certainly not cause for concern, but do you feel like you have a view on what the impact of, you know, high usage LLM inference

might be for growth stage software companies on gross margins? Yeah, I mean, I think for the thing that makes it challenging to know where it all shakes out, is just the price of these models changes so much every, you know, two, three months. It just keeps going down. And so, you know, if we stay on this like treadmill of capability improvement, then maybe you're always paying for the most cutting edge thing. But I do think that for anything that one of our companies was doing six months ago, it's gotten ten times cheaper.

Now, they may be doing a whole new set of things as well, but take any set of capabilities, I think the gross margin for that set of capabilities will end up being, you know, being pretty good, just given the competition that exists in the foundation model space and just the insane rate at which this stuff keeps getting cheaper. And we're going to see the same stuff happen in video, in other spaces. And I think that'll be incredibly exciting, too, for folks building on top. That's good to hear. Well, thank you so much for coming on the show. Yeah, thanks for having me. Have a great rest of your day. Yeah, we're going to have a great time. Well, have a great rest of your day, and we will talk to you soon. Yeah, great, great hanging, Jacob. Sounds good.

Good. Talk soon. Cheers. Bye. Bye. Let me tell you about 8Sleep.com. Exceptional sleep, without exception. Fall asleep faster, sleep deeper, wake up energized. I had kind of a brutal night. Do you have a rough night? That's too bad. I'm sorry.

Well, maybe you'll need to... 63, 4 hours. Maybe you'll need to book a wander in the meantime. Book of Wander with Inspiring View. Hotel Grooming. Hotel great amenities. Dreaming beds, top tier cleaning, and 24-7 concierge service. I forgot to ask Jacob what he felt is an appropriate tip. Founders, end of year.

A little holiday tip. We didn't have Sarah either. I got an 89, so let's go. Wow. I have some breaking news. You're breaking news. Jared Isaacman confirmed. Let's go.

Woo! Friendly all right. I'm very excited. You know, whether the data centers go to space or not, there's obviously a lot of interesting and important things to be done in space and very, very, very, very, very, you know, very excited to have. He's that guy. Leadership in the position in the seat. He's that guy. Hopefully doing some cool stuff.

You know who else is that guy? Logan Kilpatrick from Google. Of course. He's in the restroom waiting room. And now he's in the TBV and Ultrodome. Welcome to the show. Logan, how are you doing? He's that guy, pal. Hey, guys. Happy holidays. Happy holidays. I love the background. The UAV online is incredible. Well, we have Christmas-themed ones now. So there's play the drummer boy one. hostile drummer boy on your six

hostile drummer boy on your six that's a good one the team had fun with that anyway thank you so much for joining please everyone knows who you are around here but take us through the news today Gemini 3 Flash what are the highlights how are you positioning the communication around that particular launch

yeah no it's a great question thank you again for having me on Gemini 3 Flash is the most capable model I think along a bunch of dimensions that we've shipped before and it's also just this model that is going to bring intelligence to everyone which is the exciting thing so I feel like that is we need to do this for Gemini launches is we should get I'm going to get a gong for the office and we launch we'll help you out we've we know all the suppliers and And we get bulk pricing.

We're going to help you guys out. Etched gong for the office when we launch would be perfect. No, but I think the model is incredible. And I think it builds on the momentum from 3 Pro, which is really exciting. And it's actually, the crazy thing is it's actually better than 3 Pro at some dimensions. I was looking at this. I'm looking at the model card. It outperforms on Arc AGI 2, which is like my personal favorite benchmark.

We love the team over at Arc AGI. and somehow the flash model outperforms the pro model. Like, I would be very interested what the thesis on that. Is it like Gemini 3 Pro was overthinking it? Is that what's going on? We also did our own bench, shrimp bench. Oh, yes, shrimp bench went very well. We had, it came up with, you're supposed to think of, you're supposed to think of jokes

that have the same format as you're telling me a shrimp fried this rice. So for ginger snap, it said, you're telling me a ginger snap this cookie. it's pretty good pretty good it's it's funny we're we're loving it not all the some of the models absolutely bond these that are that are that are that are quite smart so it's it's a good it's a good benchmark sir yeah really quick though like the reason flash is so much better like there's a very pointed answer on this and actually not that it's so much better it's better in certain places some places it's a little bit better and this is because the model is a little bit smaller so the like iterate like we're able to do a little bit more iteration and it has like a slightly

updated um like post training recipe versus the pro model and this is just because of the timing so like we finished pro and finish some of the training like probably a little bit more than a month ago so like just within the last month have like made a bunch of innovation on the research side it makes it into the smaller model just because of like the timing and the release process but so you'll you'll see some of that so there's no like special you know silver bullet behind the scenes of making this possible, it's just like literally time. And with enough time, we can keep making even better and better models, which is exciting. Yeah. How are you thinking about the, like, I feel like the Gemini team is very, very good about offering different models

along the Pareto Frontier, not over fixating on a particular benchmark, but delivering a high quality product at each incremental price or the best product for a given price. Do you, do you envision the like the left and right bound expanding further is there like a nano coming something even cheaper, even smaller, even more compressed? How do you think about offering a product from the same sort of API structure, but at, you know, an even cheaper price? Is that something that's coming? Yeah, yeah. So we're working hard on this. So the flash or the sort of three model family historically or the 3.5 model family historically has been pro flash flashlight, which is the smallest model. And then I think, I don't know if we still call it nano or not, but nano is our on-device

model, just like the smallest model. So we will hopefully have a flashlight model early next year. It takes time to sort of trickle the innovation through and it's the holidays are busy. I was joking with with Jordi because nanobanana, the code name sort of leaked into like the public consciousness just because it was exciting as great model. And so people figured it out, nanobanana. But it implies the existence of just a normal banana or banana pro or a megabonana or gigabonana. And so we want the gigabanana.

We want the full image, the even bigger model, the biggest, the biggest possible model. But of course, banana pro is your gigabonana. It actually thought about calling it gigabonana. Gigabana. It wasn't as catchy as nanobanana. Nano banana already has its own brand. So you kind of got to just run with that. Like you got the bird in the hand, just run with it.

Maybe getting a little bit more specific, how have conversations been going with startups that are leveraging kind of the suite of model? Sure. Like, where are people most excited in terms of actually implementing them? Yeah, I think the cool thing, and this hasn't been unique to this launch. But I think the cool thing is that for 2.5 pro customers who are paying I think it's like between $1.25 and $250 per million input tokens and then like $10 to $12 per million output tokens. This model is actually almost across the board completely three flashes better than 2.5 pro.

So like if you're a startup and you're like 2.5 pro was the model that, which for like literally tens to hundreds of thousands of customers in production right now, this is the case for them. They're able to sort of migrate over to this new model and like out of the box cost saving. the product just gets faster. And I was talking to someone earlier today. And the fact that two years ago, this narrative of being a model wrapper was like a sort of like bad idea. And then now I think about this for our team actually, like we have APIs for developers to build with,

but we're also building a vibe coding product in AI Studio. And like the vibe coding product, we ran the like silent test behind the scenes. And it was like just with three flash actually because of how much faster it was. And it was like reasonably the same quality as three pro, retention went up. The number of things people were building went up. Engagement went up. And it was like free. We didn't have to do anything. We literally just changed the model and the drop down. It's actually cheaper for us to run that. And like as a product builder, I don't think there's

been a time in like human history of building startups where like you just get to show up one morning. Somebody made your product 40% better and saved you 50%. Like the analogy is like usually if you make something 40% better, you're like, get ready to pay 50% more, you know? Exactly. Exactly. So it's crazy. I think it's like that that continues to get me just like in the fiber of my being so excited about what startups are able to go after. And yeah, it's a great moment. So hopefully, hopefully folks get a chance to adopt. And then I think the next thing that I'm excited about is like taking these, these two models, Flash and Pro now become like the default models to build on top of for our other like custom variants and like the image generation is one example of this, but also we have

text to speech models and live audio models and a bunch of other stuff in the works, computer use models, and they all sort of rebase onto this new thing. And then again, by default, just like get better out of the box, which is really, really cool. So I think you'll see the not just, you know, coding and all these other agentic capabilities multimodal that we've showed with this specific three flash base model, but you'll see this across pretty much every other dimension as all those more bespoke checkpoints. rebased to these new three flash and three pro variants what's going on with the agent builder that that that you got did you roll it out last week i'm losing i'm losing track of time but uh uh

yeah yeah i know it's i know it's outside of your kind of like uh key territory but uh i would i would love to kind of hear why what's exciting about it to you yeah i think and and so what i mean truthfully and i'll i'll give you my very candid take, which is I was trying the version of that product for probably, and I tweeted this out, probably like three months before it came out. And the part that was most, the reason I loved it so much is because inside of Google, like, you know, we can't just use random startup products. Like there's like a very rigorous process in order of like what software are we actually using as Google employees. And so this like home grown solution for me to be able to like have

an agent builder and like connect all my stuff up and build workflows and all these things. things, like, really is the AI product that I get to use on a daily basis. So, like, I, it is exceptionally important that it's world class and that it, like, pushes the frontier and that it's actually good because I don't get the sort of free market of options. I can't just go and choose between any one of 100 AI startups who are providing something similar to this. And for what it's worth, I get those in my personal life, which is awesome, but I don't get those in my work life. I feel like it's, like, sort of hit the mark of where I wanted it to be. Like, I really do get genuine product utility, and as somebody who my email is out on the internet, you can email me, El Kilpatrick at Google.com.

I get many, many emails. It is helpful to, like, have a system. I still respond to all of them manually, humanly, but it is nice to have some sort of, like, filtering mechanisms and then sort of separate my external stuff from my internal stuff. And it's big, and also hook up to the rest of my Google information. It's awesome. So I'm a huge fan. And it's also just chapter one of this, like, AI native workspace story. And I think you'll see this across other Google product services.

I don't know if you all have had Robbie Stein on who leads AI product for search. Oh, yeah, yeah. I think we did. I think we did. That's right. Robbie's the man. I love Robbie. We talked probably six months ago about he was telling me this story and it was a story at the time of like how search was becoming this frontier AI product. And I sort of had to extend disbelief a little bit. And I think now you sort of see this with AI mode. like AI mode is crushing it like it really is like a just as competitive frontier AI product as a lot of the other ones that are out in the market and it's like at search scale which is crazy so they're doing a great job and I think workspace is going to go through that same arc where

it's like they're going to become a frontier AI product which is great for the you know billion plus users who are using workspace anything any shipping again this year are you going to give everyone a break let people uh let the other labs rest offline starting next Monday. So we've got a couple more things in the pipeline the rest of this week, which I'm excited about, and then people really will be offline. It is the blissful last part of the year where people actually take time off and relax. And then the roadmap for January is going to be ridiculous. So you should try and get a massive company-wide secret Santa going. It's like thousands of people. One more quick pitch for both of you. I've been pushing for the blimp. So don't worry. I'm having a

conversation behind the scene. It's time to blimp. It's time to blimp. Yeah. Maybe going to be a blip coming. It's in Google's DNA. I feel like, I'm not going to say who's involved, but we've got some people involved. I love it. I love it. We would be, we'd be 2026 TVPN live from the air. Christmas gift for us. Yeah. That'd be incredible. What a, what a year. You and the team should be incredibly proud. And we've loved every conversation. So, thank you for being a part of this and uh yeah i'm glad we'll be off when you guys are off so we can all yeah uh i expect what some someone out there to be like we're launching something on christmas eve yeah because everybody's but uh imagine uh anyways but we'll cover it when we're back in july

awesome but thank you so much for taking the time to come on the show have a great rest of cheers logan happy holidays see in 26 goodbye last if you if you don't if you don't if you don't have access to a blimp and you want to run a billboard ad you go to adquick.com out of home measure out of home advertising made easy and measurable plan buy and we need some david senra by david senra billboards yeah when's the billboard we need the one million dollar ad buy we have david center in the studio in the tv p and ultradome we're going to bring him down we'll talk to them about podcasting maybe we'll touch on podcasting maybe we'll touch on media No, you know what I want to talk to you about first?

We've beat this story to death, but a few days ago, this Wall Street Journal article went viral on how all tech companies are trying to hire storytellers, and I want your unfiltered thoughts on storytellers and entrepreneurship, and whether storytellers can be bought or they merely exist. I think the read, just to set the table, was that, so basically, there are a number of jobs that have popped up in Silicon Valley, $250,000 for someone whose job title is just storyteller. And that feels very broad, because is that a copywriter? Is that someone who buys ads? What are they doing?

Do you think it's important for a founder to be good at telling stories? Yeah, of course. I'm just kidding. We'll take us through. Well, and so my take was like the best storytellers are just not for hire because they're running companies. I mean, who do you think is the best storyteller or salesman, a live? today?

Probably Elon? Yeah. And before him? Deep jobs. There you go. Yeah. It's very important. There's a great quote from Don Valentine, the founder of Sequoia, who talked about this.

And I actually put in my ads for one of my partners. And he's like, the art of storytelling is critically important. Most entrepreneurs that come to us can't tell a story. And that learning to tell a story is really important because money flows as a function of the stories. So yeah, I don't know. I didn't read the article. I don't read any of that shit. shit. But I do listen to you guys, and I heard you go over it. And I think, like, Vanta

was one of them trying to hire. Yeah. Yeah. So, like, I think they were one of my big partners. Like, they pay a lot more than $250,000. And I think I'm just, like, the person that needs to tell that story. And I think, like, that's the, yeah, I think, like, obviously, Christina's really good from founder level. But even if you don't have, like, the, very few people have the Elon or the Steve Jobs' skill set. And so I think, like, we've talked about this over and over again. And, like, you just partner with the people that are able to tell that story. Yes.

Like, let me give an example. Mr. Beast texted me, like, two days ago. He's, like, look up my Spotify rapped. And number one was Founders podcast. I want to talk with the new show, not Founders, but so we'll get to that minute. But he, we're in a group chat. It's me, him, and all the founders of Ramp. And his whole thing was, like, he didn't know what Ramp was.

He texted us to Kareem and Eric. And he's like, now we've switched over. my company to ramp because, like, I feel like I know every single thing that's going on inside ramp because I get a minute or two minute update every week from David. And if you listen to my ramp ad, it's not like, this is, you know, it's just corporate cards. It's not the same every time. You're digging into different pieces of it. It's not that it's not the same every time because I think actually reputation is persuasive.

So I have three or four versions, and I repeat them over and over again. But ramp and I, as you guys know, have a multi-year partnership. Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah. So, but his point was just like, well, like, like, that's more than a partnership. So you should see the shirt I have underneath this hoodie. It's Ramp. So the point that he was telling them, it's like he now knows how Eric the CEO thinks. He knows how Kareem, the co-founder and CTO thinks.

He knows their hiring practices. It's like, my ads are just stories about Ramp. And if you pay attention to them, then you're like, oh, like, I want to work with a company that takes this that seriously, that does 300 different updates to their product on a year basis. That's nearly impossible to get hired as an engineer. that is trying to lead from the very front in AI. And, you know, these are very effective storytellers to the point that those ads converted

the biggest creator in the world to use your product. So I think that's what company should be doing. Paying somebody 250 grand, maybe, I don't know. How structural do you think storytelling should be? Because I really like systems thinking. I like systems and processes. So when I think about telling a story,

I actually do think about a three-act structure. I think about who's the protagonist. What's the antagonist? I can map it out on a piece of paper. I know. This is from your YouTube days. Yes, exactly. No, I literally think about it.

This is how we met. I studied, I studied the books on it, and I studied, and I created, like, structure on it. There are other people that are much less structural. But when you are trying to, like, when I tell the story of a founder on a YouTube video essay, I would literally map their journey to a beginning, middle, and end, an act one, in Act 2 and Act 3. What happens at the end of Act 1?

You're crossing into the unknown. What happens to... You're describing the oldest story there is. Of course. The hero's journey. Yes, the hero's journey. I would try and map it to the hero's journey. Do you think about that when you are constructing an interview for David Senra,

your new show, are you trying to start with, let's do the early life? And then at one third or, you know, 20 minutes into the interview, I'm going to try and get you into the, tell me about the crossing into the unknown. Okay, then how are you structuring the episodes? If not following a hero's journey. The way I think about work is very simple, and I think it's really important because there's this great line from Munger

where he's just like, you know, the rarest of all things is to keep things simple and remember what you set out to do, right? The value in what I do is that I'm going to be doing very similar things now. I was doing it 10 years ago, and we were doing it 10 years from now. Yes.

That is the value. It's in the compounding nature of it. So the way I try to keep, remember to keep things simple is founders is the books that I'm in 10, intensely interested in reading, and the new show is, who am I intensely interested in speaking to? And talking to. Yeah.

There have been multi-billionaire public company CEOs that asked to be on the show, and I started doing research about them. I was like, I don't want to spend any time with this guy. Like, I'm just not interested in talking to him at all. And me and Rob, my partner, some partners are Angie Heerman and Rob Moore on the new show. And, you know, Rob kind of pushes back sometimes, and it's just like, I just don't want to talk to him. What do you want me to tell you?

And, you know, he's like, this is actually good that you would say no to somebody like that. I don't think of things in, like, obviously the hero's journey. If you listen to founders, like, that is, essentially that is what I'm doing over and over again. I think that comes naturally to me. But I don't think of things in structure. I'm just very, almost everything for me is like I can, I'm intensely interested in what

I'm working on. I consume, I try to consume more information about that subject matter in anybody else in the world. And then I just go straight off intuition. I just wonder if over time, intuition will develop a structure. I don't know. I think that might. I don't know.

You listen to the podcast. guess. I mean, do you see a structure there? I will, you're, how many episodes in? Six. Six. Like, I, I would assume that in a decade, I will be able to somewhat predict a structure, and you won't need to ever sit down and map out. I'm going to ask this question before this question. It'll just come to you naturally, but that intuition will happen and it will make sense, but you will know the rules and also know when to break them. So it won't, like,

there are stories that are told in four acts. There are stories that are told in five acts. There are stories that don't map perfectly onto the hero's journey because it's actually a love story. Or it's actually, you know, some other structure of story. I think storytelling is downstream from interest. So I heard Jordy said something that I think is dead, right? It's like you guys are using the term storyteller when it's really like you're talking about like copywriter, right?

And what I would do is I'd go back and study this guy named Claude Hopkins. Can one of the guys check, I think it's episode 170 of founders? And he wrote this book called Scientific. advertising. And I found him because I read not only, you know, it is 170. A life in advertising. When did I do that? How long ago was that? March 8th, 2021. Okay, so 2021. So this is my point. It's just like intensely interested in what you're doing. And then, um, and then just try to collect as much information as possible. So essentially, they, I found this guy named David Ogrevee. Then he would write about every single person that you're interested in will tell you

who influenced them. And this guy wrote, this is Claude Hopkins, probably the greatest copyrighter to live, and he wrote this book called Scientific Advertising. That, I'm pretty sure if you buy his autobiography on Kindle, you get my life in advertising, and then the end you get scientific advertising for free. But I think every single person on the planet

should read scientific advertising, because Claude Hopkins worked for this guy named Albert Lasker. Albert Lasker built, he made more money as an advertising agency founder than anybody else in history. and all he did essentially cut away all the fat. You didn't have an art department, didn't have a research department.

He had two of the best copywriters, and their words made the cash register ring. And in scientific... That's why I was saying. It's such an elite skill set. Like using only your words, you can ban the world. But you have, this is,

it's the amount of, you have to, one, be intensely interested in the subject, and two, you have to be willing to do an insane amount of work. And in... Well, that was why it started to interrupt you again, but when the point you brought up earlier, like, if I'm trying to hire a storyteller, I want to hire the best writer.

I don't want somebody that wants to be the chief storyteller of a business. I want them to be obsessed with writing and actually understand how important it is. I don't want them to like have a cool. Best communicator, not right? Yeah, it just happens at that time writing was the form of communication.

So let me just finish the story real quick. He wrote scientific advertising. Albert Lasker reads it. He's like, this is our trade secrets. This is why I'm so rich. Like, it's going in the safe. He literally locked the manuscript in a save for 20 years. Then when he retired, he let Claude Hopkins publish it

and wind up selling 8 or 10 or 12 million copies. Wow. And so, but when you go into there, like Claude Hopkins, let me give an example. And this is something I think I do really good on the podcast ads. It's like talking about the story behind how the product is made. And so there was this beer at the time. It was like Schlitz beer or something like that. It was like fifth market share.

And so they hire Claude Hopkins. He goes and visits him. He visits their distillery. He interviews all the top founders, the founders of the company, the executives. He spends an insane amount of time with it. And then he goes, hey, you have this, like, remarkable brewing process that is, like, fascinating with all these machines and this technology. And, like, I drank your beer, but I didn't know what was going on.

Why don't you tell that story? And their whole point was, but our process isn't different from any other beer company. He's like, yeah, but no other beer company is telling the story. And all he did was tell in text of, like, 1,000, 2,000, 3,000 words, the story behind how the product is made. This, when you when you hear a founder's episode or the new show,

like the James Dyson episode just came out of the best days of my entire life to be able to spend several hours of time. The amount of fucking people, am I going to get you in trouble on the stream cursing?

No, no, it's fine. It's fine. There's one listener who? That takes issue with it. Tell me as it. He doesn't like, tell me after it. He doesn't like the swearing.

Okay, well, I apologize. David has a potty mouth. But it's you. It's you. It's you. I appreciate it. So the, that's funny. The amount of people that sent me messages after that podcast or other podcasts have made on him that now because I understand who the person is and what went into building

the product, like I went and bought his hairdryer or his vacuum cleaner. It works for everything. Yeah, it's interesting. Every, that the style of advertisement, which was like you had a page of a magazine and you had basically an opportunity to put a picture and then a block of text, it kind of like comes back in fat it's constantly like coming back in fashion and I think the reason for it even though it's not like the most native format for the internet is it's because when companies sit down and they're like how do we sell our product in a short paragraph oftentimes companies never do that

right the modern ad you the modern way that you communicate is like you have a big website somebody has to scroll all over the website to really be sold on something or you have an ad that's like targeting different things or different value props but when you just sit down and write one paragraph of exactly why somebody should care about your product and why they should purchase it. It's just extremely effective. Ramps doing this with Harry Dry. Have you ever paid attention to Harry Dry's Twitter feed? Do you know who that is?

No. Fantastic copywriter out of Europe. I think he might be in England. And he's worked with Eric Handen and they've done a couple, you know, and it's posted a phenomenon of mistake on, like, Eric's Twitter feed. It's like, that is still a very effective ad unit. Yeah. So the answer to a question, I don't know.

Like, yes, telling your story is a good idea. Like, the founder should do as much as possible. then the founder should be really teaching how they think about their business. I always like Jim Sinigal, the founder of Costco, has this great quote where he's like, if you're not spending 90% of your time teaching, you're not doing your job. And his whole point is like, the direction's coming from you. You talk about this is what we're doing, this is why we're doing, and this is how we do it, and you repeat, repeat, over and over again.

And people are like, oh, yeah, but Jim Sinigal, you know, he's running Costco. It's not a tech company. Well, go watch the episode I did How Elon Works. And in that, I just break down. I separate everything that has nothing to do with how other than how Elon works. and this four-step algorithm. He got to the point where he says in the book, I repeated it so much that the executives are sitting in the meeting

would mouth the next word that's coming out of my mouth. Repeat, repeat, repeat. Dave Portnoy did this today. He had this announcement video, and it looks like very unprofessional in the way that it's shot, clearly shot in an iPhone, he's standing in front of glass, and he's just kind of like rambling,

but he's just going Netflix, he said it like 15 times, because they were announcing a deal a bunch of bar stool podcasts are going on Netflix he's just like Netflix Netflix Netflix and like you just immediately like it doesn't look at this part of my you want to watch part of my take Netflix you want to watch spitting chicklets net Netflix just keep saying Netflix it's very on on repetition something that I've appreciated about our relationship is I feel like when we all get together it's almost the same conversation every single time and you think you'd get bored of it but because we're extremely obsessed and

focus, it's like, it's actually helpful in that, like, we're remembering, like, why we do this, why, why, why we make the decisions that we make and almost just kind of like constantly reminding ourselves. And I think that's very helpful, like, not, uh, we talked about how we're thinking about next. Somebody asks us, what our, it's just Emily Sunberg. Yeah, she, she has, can you read that exact quote? I thought it was really good. Oh, we were supposed to, it's in the show notes, I think today or yesterday, but, uh, I'll pull it up. Our 2026 resolution is to lock in. We had a great 2025, and it opened up a lot of amazing and fun opportunities, but the most contrarian thing we think we can do the next year, simply double down on the core show itself.

That means having to say no to anything that doesn't improve the show directly, no fun, no products, no world tour, just three hours of talking about tech and business at 11 a.m. Every weekday. The world tour was my little sneaky joke because, you know, what is a world tour? Isn't there that whole meme of like, it's going to ruin the world tour? Well, we did. I mean, we had an opportunity to go to Switzerland and we turned that down. Yeah, yeah.

I mean, I guess we've had a couple, like, world tour, not full tour, but like, international trip. But if we were to go to Europe, it'd turn into a tour. Maybe, yeah, it's possible. We went to the Middle East, it'd turn into a tour. Sure, you know, you're going all the way over there. Maybe that happens, but not next year. We're locking in next year.

The interesting thing is that a friend of the show, Bryce said that the, he was sort of like framing it as like, these guys have really. that like media can be a better Bryce Roberts? Yeah, yeah. He texts me yesterday and asked for advice on this format of a new podcast. I'm not watching that. I don't say what it is though.

I don't even think it's not that it's a better business. It's just a better business for us. Exactly, exactly, exactly. So obviously like no no shade here, but it is just like, you know, the founder market fit. Like it is ridiculous to say that media is a better business than asset management. Like, that's just not true.

Look at the Ford 400. It's all industrialists or asset managers. There are very, very few media figures that actually are in the $100 billion plus club. It just doesn't happen. But can you be hugely successful? Absolutely. Can you be very happy? Absolutely.

Is it a better fit for us? Absolutely. And so I would not encourage asset managers to leave and pivot to the media. I consider. I enjoy investing in startups. I always have. I've invested in probably every few months I've got to add another 10. But yeah, over 60 companies. And so I, last year, wandering in the wilderness, you know, trying to figure out how I wanted to spend my life, I consider that. But there's zero, yeah, that or join a fund, you know, it's, I think like being a solo GP is maybe overrated in a bunch

ways, but I would be 10% as happy or fulfilled doing that, even though there's a career to be built. I wanted to talk, ask you about, go for a question once a second, I want to go back to what you just said about the conversations being very similar and repeatable. I just did this episode on Bruce Springsteen, which I was like very unsure if I was going to put it out. I recorded for like three hours. I edited down to like one hour and like 15 minutes.

It's most unusual episode of Founders. that I've probably ever done. The amount of people that have now texts or send me messages that they're crying during it has been like shocking. It wasn't, it turned out, I thought I was making a podcast on, you know, somebody had one of the most

extreme work ethics that I've ever heard of. That was my introduction to him. I didn't know, I wasn't like a Bruce Springsteen fan. I'm a huge Jimmy Iveen fan who's really like, almost like best friends of Bruce. And, you know, he says, one of the hardest working, like most extreme people ever. And it wind up, you know, taking a very,

the second half of the book is pretty crazy where you have this guy that essentially gets everything that he thought he wanted and try almost kills himself and like what happened there why is he doing that and then how did he he he was 34 when that's happening he's almost 80 now he looks phenomenal by the way it's like what happened there and how did he actually get what he he he had he mistake he was mistaken on what he thought he wanted once he got what he wanted it's not what he wanted he realized what he actually wanted was a sports car but he was No, but he was incapable of getting that, and then he figured out a way. I think the episode title is like Bruce Street Singh repairs herself. He thought he wanted a GD through RS, but he really wanted a rents for it. Is that the one that you said I should drive? I always tell you to get the most insane cars. But this is the point.

It's so funny. David, you were like, oh, if I wanted, if I wanted to buy a Ferrari, you would be this one. It was an 812 comp. For like a car, there's just a car to keep in California. And I was like, that's so you to just pick, like, the most elite car. History's greatest cars. The spin-off.

When are we getting to car reviews out of you? Well, hold on. There's a line in Bruce's autobiography that I don't even think I put in the episode that I thought it was interesting. He's like, people don't come to my shows to learn something new. They come to me reminded about what they already know is true. Ooh, that is great. I love that.

Wow. And I think if you look at, again, I think of founders as, like, church for entrepreneurs. I think a lot of that. It's like, dude, I grew up in the church. Many people don't think about it. Yeah. Like what they do, like the rhythm and the repetition as like that. That's very interesting.

Yeah. So I do think, I think, again, my natural instincts is fewer deeper. So it's like I talk to the same people over and over again. I don't like, there's another line in the autobiography. He's like, I'm fairly insular by nature. I don't let new people into my life casually. I feel the exact same way. And so I do feel the best, the best things in life.

All of them are come from compounding, whether it's relationship. money, knowledge, everything comes from compounding. So my instinct needs to just go and have the same conversations with the fewer, deeper people that I actually trust. And then you meet remarkable people

and you add very slowly. Yeah, I think about that, the opportunity cost of having a dinner with somebody that we've never met versus just hanging out and having my favorite conversation, which is the same one we always have. The other thing about,

I would say the difference, like the quote you just gave around, going to a show to remember what you already know. Think about when I discovered founders, one of the most powerful things was learning that certain elements of myself were okay. Like, I'm not the most organized person, right?

And so to hear that other people that have gone on to do great things, like some of them are hyper-organized, like, you know, like incredibly dialed and others are just like chaotic and it's actually learning like what's actually okay is, I feel like, extremely powerful. We may be like a small percentage of the overall human population, but we are not unique.

There have been people that our same experiences, think the same way that we are, have our same natural intelligence, talent, everything else. And it's foolish not to utilize their experience and knowledge for your own benefit on how to build a life, not a fucking business, a life. That was one of the craziest things, realizations that Bruce Springsteen has in this episode where he's like, I thought I was building, like, work. I want to be a rock star. I want to do all this other stuff. He's just like, I got that, and I have a shitty life. How do I fix my life? And for him to go through that was, you know, a pretty intense, like, experience.

And I think that's why, and then his dad, I don't want to talk too much about this, but, like, you know, he had one of the worst dads that you could possibly have. His dad was a misanthrope, had no friends, alcoholic, beat the shit out of Bruce. I think he said in his entire childhood, his dad said less than a thousand words to him. Wow. And then later on he gets diagnosed as a pair of neurodural. schizophrenic and the amount of messages there were just like the part about his dad is like that hits way too close to home it's exactly like why because there's people out there that have had

that same experience too yeah what is your favorite book that is not a biography really hard right favorite book that's not a biography so so examples would be like you know 1929 doesn't really have a breakneck by Dan Wang. I'm not reading anything new. No, I know. I'm just giving examples. Like, I'm just looking through like what I've read recently. And there's a lot of books that are, that, that, that, that, that, that, that, that, that, it would, I would be very hard to make a founder's episode about a, you know, I mean, certainly a work of fiction.

No, I think I can make a great funners episode about any book that I really enjoyed. Like I did, last year, I did Haruki Miracami's, what I think about when I think about running. Oh, okay. And I remember, I was in. Malibu. This is why I spend so much time out here because I really do believe I do my best work out here. There is something very, very special about this place. About Hollywood or Malibu? No, not. Malibu. Hollywood, I come because I loved you guys. I was whipping through the mountains just now, by the way. I was like, I got to slow down. That's not a good idea. So I start

reading that. I got this idea from Elon, and he's like, you know, he wants to read more books, and he realizes, like, carrying books with them is difficult, so sometimes he would just read entire books on the Kindleap on his iPhone. And I started reading, I forgot even how I discovered this, because I didn't know who Ruki Merakami was before this, started reading it. And I think I read the whole entire book on my phone in like a day and a half. And then I was like, this isn't really a founder's episode,

this is kind of weird. And I'm like, no, the fact that you couldn't put this down means that it is a founder's episode. You were going to make an episode about it. And then the response, because you're so intentionally interested, and you can transfer your interest to, you know, podcasting a straight energy transmission for some of us. you were able to transfer that enthusiasm, that passion

for this guy's ideas and life to the audience. So I think I can make it on any books I'm intensely interested in, like I've been rereading Freedom's Forge, right? I mean, I could make the episode on just Bill Nudson. Yeah, Bill Nudson. But I think telling the whole story of, you know, the fact that in the 1940s, the United States, they took what was this hugely sophisticated manufacturing base

that was just applied to consumer products, and on a dime turned it and started building, you know, producing the most war material than any other country in the world. Like how they did that is a very fascinating story. But to answer your question, a favorite book that is not a biography. That's so interesting because I would never put Freedom's Forge in the pipeline of Founders episodes. And yet I would 100% listen to a Founder's episode on Freedom Forge, which is like unmet demand or unknown demand. I don't want to talk too much about podcasts. because, you know, like, I will not shut up about this, but, like, I think one of the most

important parts of, like, if you're going to do this for a long-term, long-term, and, like, this is another thing that Bruce Sreen Singh, I think, was very smart. He noticed, he just, like, observed his industry. He's like, this industry is very transient. There's a person that has a hit song, maybe a hit album, maybe two hit albums, but, like, then they either get on drugs, they die. I think there's, what is it, like, the 27 Club, all these young musicians die. And he's like, I was built for.

durability and longevity. And so he worked backwards from like, what are these people doing? And how do I just avoid it's very Munger-esque, Charlie Munger-esque, invert, always invert. And so with podcasting, you think about that a lot, I can't say who this was. And Rob, I shouldn't even say this,

Rob put me across from, like, I would consider him like a legacy podcaster. And he did this at dinner. I think he did this on purpose because he knows, like, what's going to happen. And I just start asking him questions about, like, his show. And he came up in podcasting, when, like, it could be your second, third, fourth, fifth thing that you were doing,

which is, like, those days are done. And I remember, I didn't even eat that night. I don't think I was, like, pounding my chopsticks on the table because his answers were, like, you're not going to make it, man. Like, you're already dead. Like, this isn't going to work. So the point of being here is, like, if you're going to do this long term, I think you have to be, like, show the audience who you truly are,

and therefore they will, over time, I think people came to founders because it was the books. and the biographies. And over time, they're just like, whatever this guy thinks is interesting to read, I just want to hear, like, his insight or his takeaways from that. You guys are doing a good job with all the personality you have. You're fucking dressed as an elf right now.

Like you have this giant, you know, horse behind. Like the million little things that you guys do, even now, I was here probably a month ago. And like, even the stuff you have hanging up on your walls, I'm like, oh, they're just becoming more and more natural and authentic to who they are. So I want to answer your question. Lessons of History, Will and Ariel Durant. It's not technically a biography.

I would say it's a 100-page biography of the human species. And because I think if you have one skill set that's going to help you throughout your life, it's really understanding that history doesn't repeat, human nature does, and you really should study how humans react in very predictable ways when they're exposed to specific stimuli. And I think understanding that is one of the most useful tools you can have as you go through life. What patterns do you see in the founders that have appeared on founders and the news show in terms of how they landed on the thing that defined their life and

their work. Someone, Vee in the chat says, how does one find their purpose obsession? But I feel like it's very, very different across, but I'm curious if you see any patterns. Somebody came up to me at that party, that Peter Thiel's party. We were all together at a few days ago. And they asked me that question. They're like, I forgot the exact way the guy said it, but it was just like, you know, it's obvious that you've found your thing, like, and like, how do I find my thing? And the story I told him was just like, obviously it's internal, like no one can answer a question.

I gave that story from Mozart where, you know, this 21-year-old kid comes up to Mozart's like, how do I read a symphony? And Mozart's like, you're too young, and Mozart's like, and the guy goes, you were writing symphonies younger than I am now, and he's like, yeah, but I wasn't going around asking people how to do it. And I just think like, all you have to do is like, just look how you spend your time. Actions express priority. Like, actions express priority.

I don't give a shit what you say. Just like, I see how you spend your time and I will know what is actually important to you. And so if you're looking for that thing, you know, just like where are you naturally drawn to? Like this morning, I spent like six hours. But at the same time, when you were, when you were, I feel like there needs to be an openness to,

like an openness to not, like you can't just, if you're trying to find your life's work, it's not something you can just decide. I'm going to find my life's work this week. No, no, no. So you can't. When you were 20, it's not like you were like, I'm going to be a... Not everyone can be a pro basketball player their entire life.

And more specifically, like when you were 20, it's not like you were thinking, well, when I'm in my 40s, I want to have a business podcast. So what I would say, if that kid is 20, find out how old this guy is in the chat. I would say, read Paul Graham's How to Do Great Work, that essay. I think it's three, four, episode 314 of founders, can you check for me a quirk? And like... It's going to one shot it again. I might not. Like, I think...

One shot it. Paul Graham. How did you great work? Episode 314. So, so hold on, real quick. And I think it came down to like, you're just like, how to do great. You're just following what you're intensely curious about. And so like, like this morning, I woke up and essentially I just like read for, I don't know,

four or five straight hours. And then I was like, oh shit, I forgot. I have to go to TPPN today. And that's why I was driving so fast. And like, no one told me like, no one's like, David, you should. should read for self-development. It's like I like reading. I feel good when I read.

It's way better than looking at my goddamn phone. It's outside of like spending time with people I love, like there's not another activity I like to do. I would put our relationships, spending time with people I truly care about above that. But in terms of like if I'm by myself, like there's not another thing that I'd rather want to do. And that's just me listening to my curiosity.

Yeah. I'm going to go, oh, go. No, no, no. I was just, yeah, yeah, you can continue. If you could interview anyone that is dead, who would it be? Was there anyone you've studied that you feel like there's this open question where no text captured it or no interview that they did? Yeah, it's like particularly lost.

I mean, that has got to be the case. I've had a weird experience last week. And weird in a great way. A ghost? No. the ghost of Rockefeller The ghost of So yeah the answer would probably be

I mean the simplest thing would be like Rockefeller Maybe Steve Jobs Maybe Sam's Murray Because Sam's Murray is just like You know such a savage And I think I have definitely like a wild side to me That um you know Lulu

Like she's she's constantly like You cannot travel anywhere Without a crisis comms person next to you Like you're going to get yourself in a lot of trouble And so I think there's like a wildness The Sam's Murray that's very attracted to me If I'm being honest about this but

in terms of like it does not come across in the text so what I'm trying to do it's like obviously with the new show I want to be differentiated right I wouldn't be doing it you know if it just to be the same as anybody else like I find being the same as everybody else disgusting it makes me want to vomit and

so I'm working on some people that like I've literally never done podcast before and I skew to like older killers like I'm not interested in the in general I do try to spend time like I do feel I'm in like the middle child where like you get access to all these crazy people have done things for decades and I'm really successful and they're willing to like spend a lot of time with you most of them listen to the podcast and then I get a lot of information

out of these relationships and conversations these dinners and then you know every once in while identify like a younger founder maybe to spend time with that if you think you can help them you should but in general I skew way older way like you know somebody that can actually point to a body of work to prove that they are actually like somebody you want to spend time with. And I had, I spent time with the 71 year old guy last week in New York, and he sold his company for $60 billion recently. And he's never done a podcast. And I did an episode on his, an episode of founders, on him and his family. And the reason he wanted to meet me and the reason that he's now going to do the new show and he trusts me is because there's only one book written about this

and he listened to the podcast he couldn't believe the insights that were in it he asked his son asked david who he interviewed in the family to get this information and the answer was nobody i read the book and then i tied it together because like you're the same person that there's been a hundred of you 200 a thousand of you until the past few hundred years like we're not i know we like to feel we're special, like we are, there's just, we're not as unique as we think we are. And so I don't think, you know, obviously if you can have conversations with these people, you should be, you should do that. One of the reasons that is because like in an hour, we talked for an hour, the amount of information that guy transferred to me in an hour would be literally impot. You could

give a 25-year-old founder, 30-year-old founder weeks, and you just could not convey that much knowledge and information that this guy was able to do in an hour. So, yeah, If you can have conversations with them, you should. But I don't feel like I'm ever, like, missing out. Like, the text wasn't enough. Well, it's been a fantastic conversation. Thank you so much. Chat says, more swearing, please.

Chats fans of it. Well, that concludes this episode. Thanks for having me again, guys. We will be. Are you tired, John? Back at 11. No, I do have to run. I have to go.

I have to go. I'm sorry. But, I mean, you two could hang out if you want. This has been a great show. We're in the fourth hour. We're almost halfway through the fourth hour. and we'll be back tomorrow. Yeah.

We've got two more. Every day this week has felt like Friday. Thank you. But thank you for hanging out with us. Thank you for being here. Of course. We love you, David. And add David Senra by David Senra

to your podcast player. Thank you. Thank you, folks. See you tomorrow. Goodbye. Thank you.