TBPN Live - FULL INTERVIEW: Anjney Midha on Fixing AI’s Biggest Bottleneck

Episode Date: May 5, 2026

This is our full conversation with Anjney Midha, recorded live on TBPN.We discuss his thesis behind AMP and why he believes compute is the most constrained and valuable resource in the AI economy, how billions of dollars in underutilized compute are creating a massive inefficiency that his firm is aiming to solve by building a coordinated “compute grid,” and why he’s structuring AMP as both an infrastructure and capital platform to back the next generation of AI labs, unlock scientific breakthroughs, and accelerate progress across the entire ecosystem.Sign up for TBPN’s daily newsletter at TBPN.comFollow TBPN:https://TBPN.comhttps://x.com/tbpnhttps://open.spotify.com/show/2L6WMqY3GUPCGBD0dX6p00?si=674252d53acf4231https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/technology-brothers/id1772360235https://www.youtube.com/@TBPNLive

First time with his new fund, AMPPBC. He's here in the way to him. He's here with us in the TV panel. How you doing? A man that defines generational run. Yes. Generational run. It's getting started, guys.

No, generational run is for people who are retiring. Oh, yeah. That's true. That's true. I think it's appropriate to, I think it's important to recognize when you're on a generational runs that you realize you have to actually level up even further if you want to stay on the same trajectory. Yeah, yeah. Because if you just get complacent, then.

Yeah, it's important to like count the chickens before they hatch. Like that's what you're saying? No, no, no. The opposite. Anyway, great to have you back on the show. Thank you for having me. Yeah. It's fun to.

But yeah, catch us up to speed on. Yeah. When did the fund launch? What, you know, what's the strategy? And, yeah, like, like walk us through like the current thesis for how you want to actually develop the firm. No, I think we should talk about something more interesting. Let's talk about eBay.

Let's talk about eBay. Okay. Yeah, what you got? Okay. So here's what I'm thinking. And I want you guys to kind of spar with me, right? I looked at Ryan at this CNBC interview and everybody's like pinging me and saying, oh my God, this makes no sense, blah, blah.

And so here's my take on it, okay, which is that like if you read the Gamestock deck, like, carefully for eBay, most of what's been said about the deal in the last 48 is basically totally wrong. I read, I was just before jumping on, I was reading my. Michael Burry's piece on it, which you guys to check out. And he's right that the leverage is pretty tight, but I think he's answering the wrong question. And so is Ryan on CNBC, where he's, you know, they keep asking him like, where's the cash, 50% cash, 50% stock, 50% percent.

I don't think the question, the question isn't can GameStop afford eBay? The question is whether the underlying business actually works. And I think it does, but not for the reason I was expecting Ryan. to pitch. Okay. So if you pull up eBay's 10k from February yeah fiscal 25 and I did not understand as I'm glad I read it. eBay spent $2.4 billion on marketing. How many new users did they get for that? I mean you guys are marketers so you understand one million. Whoa. That's crazy. The user base went from 134 million users to 135 million users after spending $2.4 billion on marketing. So and that's basically

they're basically you would have to imagine they're just having to reacquire all their old users people that have been on the platform before or maybe even lost their account and they're they're coming back i don't know but it's like that's $2,400 of marketing per new user on a site that every american already knows exists sure yeah so where's all that money going right so i don't think going is i i don't think he's buying ebay like just watching ryan i don't think he's buying ebay because he thinks he's smarter than eBay's product team. I think he's buying eBay because he can see $2 billion of that that Wall Street has been pricing as fixed cost. And so he goes, okay, let me cut that. And the interest on the debt just pays for itself. Interesting. But he doesn't necessarily

want to say that because he could kind of give that idea to the management team. But he still has to put the money together, right? But is your thesis that like the deal is coming together? He has investors that he's talking to, but it's too early to say, oh yeah, I actually do have a fund that's going to give me another five over here. I got seven over here. And it will math out, but just give me a week. Or is there something else going on? It depends on which investors he's talking to. But if he was pitching me, here's what I would under it. I'd say, okay, that's the floor. The floor is Ryan's going to cut $2 billion from this thing of that. Put that into treasuries and we're going to make more money than it's currently yielding.

Okay, so that's the floor. Now the ceiling, because I'm a technology investor, right? Yeah, the opportunity. The bulk case. At bulk case, so Amazon's used and collect collectibles business has been flat for six years. They tried renewed, they tried collectibles, they tried trade in, none of it's still. You cannot put a 1962 Mickey Mantle card through the same warehouse as a phone charger. That category, that category, collectibles is structurally defensible against Amazon. Amazon is for phone chargers, Mickey Mantle for eBay, right? eBay has the marketplace.

Gamestock has, GameStoll has like 1600 stores that could physically vary. the good that's a real mode yeah yeah and it's worth more in the AI era than the human era right right because why because my I I I collect I like rare pens okay this is a mom-blah sure as I get old I love it like that I'm a pen guy yeah and I love old vintage glasses I don't know if you can see my Jock Marie-Mage box in the back but cool nice but when I'm out of time what do I do I have Claude go look for rare pens and glasses for me online The biggest problem with used rare asset purchases is fraud.

So I often will tell, so Claude will be like, Andre, I found this amazing pen, this momblown pen. And I say, okay, can you triple check that it's real? It's not fake. And that's where things go up real because there's no way for him to verify that without messaging the agent and so on. But if you have 1,600 stores where people who have momblown pens can go and physically verify those assets at GameStop.

Sure. Now, Cloud just says, yeah, I checked. It has the physical verification stamp from. Somebody brought it in. Exactly. So you can't, you need physical verification built into the system for agentic commerce. And look, the reason I know this is real is because a few years ago, I think you guys, we talked about this last time, but I sold my last startup to a company called Discord in 2020,

peak pandemic. So I come on as the head of platform. My job is supposed to be, you know, go build SDKs, APIs and so on for gaming. We helped this company called Mid Journey Get Going, AI, you know, generate. But 12 months later, suddenly I find myself running without realizing an e-commerce business because it was the summer of NFTs and the board Aves are blowing up and suddenly we have more than $10 billion of GMV flowing through Discord buy-sell page channels. Yeah.

And Jason and Stan are like, hey brother, your job is to like capture a piece of that pie. Yeah. Okay. Okay. we start doing a deep dive. And we realize ultimately what these users need and pay for, like so you have liquidity, right? Ultimately, that's what a marketplace like eBay and Discord provide

in sort of community commerce is liquidity. But you cannot provide liquidity if you don't have physical verification. And for Discord, that was just out of scope. You know, you sneaker. And it worked. You're saying it worked for NFTs because you had the on-chain. Yeah, you don't need any physical. There's nothing physical to verify.

We owned it and you can transact. Yep. Exactly. And so we had, we are bootstrapping the e-commerce platform and Discord with NFTs, but of course everyone on the board is like, well, how long are NFD is gonna last? It's a fad, so Ange, what else is coming? We go look at rare sneakers or keyboards, like pens,

all this stuff that nerds like me love. But for those you need physical verification. And once we realize physical verification is out of scope, we nix the project. Yeah, you're not gonna go have the 1400, like, retail locations where people can drop things off. Yeah, that's, that's quite, that's quite interesting. So that's when I realized, okay, eBay is this under,

undervalued asset, and I hope that Ryan has figured it out as well. Because if he hasn't, he's giving me ideas. Yeah, yeah. Have you tried to walk through what, you know, given that you're probably more AGI-pilled than, I would say, 90% of VCs, have you tried to play out? What is it? How would you build eBay from the ground up today with an agent first, approach? Is that even the right question to ask? Look, I have not, guys, because right now I'm a compute infrastructure guy, right? We start an AMP at this public benefit corporation whose job is to be an independent system operator of the compute grid. We think about, we think we're roughly in like 1885

industrial England where the steam engine's been invented. Everybody knows that you can make cool new products like, you know, steel and notebooks and pens and cars. And there's this very scarce input called coal that everybody is. hoarding, in this case it's compute. And if you fly over Industrial Era, England, you'll see all these factories getting set up. And everyone's running a generator in their backyard at half capacity. And I'm going, this makes no sense. If I'm looking at all my portfolio companies, you know, these clusters are running at like half

utilization. In fact, Elon's like got 500,000 GB300 in Memphis at running an 11% MFU and less than 60% node allocation. I mean, this is $12 billion of compute being wasted. So I set up as an AI infrastructure organization where we buy a, bunch of compute. We do long-term leases. We pull that all those clusters on the grid. We coordinate capacity, drive up utilization. And by the end of this year, I think we'll have, you know, several billion dollars of compute coming online. But that's what I've been focused on

night and day since like I left in recent Horowitz in January. And so no, I have not had time to look at how to redo eBay. But if Ryan called, I'd probably help them out. But right now, it's wartime on compute, guys. So yeah, I want to talk about AMP, but I also want to talk about just last question on the, the combination of eBay and GameStop. Like I get the thesis. this, the bull case, GameStop is $10 billion, eBay is like $48 billion right now, you put them together, maybe you get to $100 billion. I'm in for the bull case. The question is like, what's going on with like the plan? Because it feels like Ryan just doesn't have the capital, but then he announced it. Like what, what do you think is happening behind the scenes? Because there's one thing where you

could throw it out as like, oh, like these two companies should work together. Here's a bull case. let me know if you want to be on the team that does this. And then there's the other one, which is like make the offer before the capital's lined up. But I just haven't been through enough of these stories to actually understand why it's playing out this particular way. To be honest, I think he's sitting there with, he has $9 billion of cash.

Yep. He's in a $10 billion company. I think when he announced this, I think he expected the stock to pop like crazy and he'd be going on CNBC being like this merger could make sense. Sure. I think that we'll issue another $20 billion of equity and then we'll merge or something. And I think if you looked at, I think if you looked at like how kind of frothy some things in the market could be, you could have imagined that playing out.

I mean, the Allbirds thing was I'm sure you appreciated, appreciated that from a meme. Direct competitor to you. Yeah, direct competitor. You got to be careful. Amp versus Allbirds will be the new horse race. Oh, no. Anyways, that was my read because GameStop is basically valued it. like the brand is and all the retail locations and everything is valued at like a billion dollars, right?

He's getting no credit for all the cash. Yeah. So to be clear, AMP is not a cloud business. We are, so I started AMP as a holdings business. Yeah. I've got an infrastructure business and a capital business. And the infrastructure business secures compute and passes on at cost to our portfolio companies. We have more than $1.3 billion in commits for our first fund.

I've been added eight weeks. And so we do to venture capital investments. We put $300 million into a profit. Yeah. Oh, okay, cool. We need to raise another roughly $6.5 billion this year and more is getting committed by the day. But we give away the compute at cost to the independent ecosystem because my belief is that the optimal unit of research today is a like a focused talent and steam outside of the hyperscalors. Anthropic encoding, which was one of the first, I'm certainly, I think, at the first angel investor, if not the first investor in the round.

They're saying you're the Jason Calacanus of Anthropic. Unfortunately, J-Cal, I could never top J-Cal, but like, if you know, if you can't intern or something, fine, I'll take the win, you know. But I think more importantly, like, I think compute is this strategic asset which I've been yelling about for four years, and it's a primary bottleneck on these teams. And if you're not at the hyperscalers, you just can't get access. So we buy up that compute, we give it at cost to the portfolio companies, and then we reinvest the profits of carry and fees to buy more compute and so on and so forth.

And so I'll take as much capacity as I can get from all boards. I love it when new people go into the business, because that gives us more supply. So if you're the All-Bird CEO listening to this, please send us your compute. We'll take it all. That makes a lot of sense. What are you excited to invest in? You're investing in teams that need a lot of compute. You're trying to find things that aren't going to get steamrolled by Mnpropik, who's another big portfolio company. There's, you know, there's application to stop. There's real labs. There's a lot of other different things that need compute. but what do you think?

Because I feel like a lot of ECs would never say this out loud, but a lot of, I get the sense from a lot of ECs that they're kind of like paralyzed where they're like, they really don't have a clear sort of understanding

of where things will be in five years and they feel like they need to be active. And so it's a mix of like doing new neo-labs, maybe doing some application layer stuff and just kind of preying. but I would hope that you have a given given your background and how you're approaching this you have like a stronger thesis on on where the opportunities to invest at the early stages look in some sense it's it's back to the future I started my career at Kleiner Perkins when I was 19 my first board seat was as an

observer with John Dorr when I was 20 I wasn't old enough to drive technically oh drink sorry I didn't have a I didn't have a driver's license I was an old enough to drink and and I got the chance to apprentice with like the grades like Brooke Byers and and look that's the That's the vintage of venture capitalists I grew up admiring like Arthur Rock. And that's my, you know, our thesis at AMP on the venture capital side, our business is called the AMP Foundry, where we help create co-design, you know, new labs one at a time. My current one is called periodic labs. And we just decided to lead the series. I led the seat round last year with Liam, who was the co-creative chat GPT and those who was there, who led some of the quantum physics teams at deep mine.

And we're trying to find new high temperature superconductors there with physical. We have a 30,000 square foot facility in Menlo Park. I spend three days a week there. we do a stand-up every morning from 8 a.m. to 8.30 a.m. and then we make our priorities and then go execute. And, you know, basically we have AIs predict new materials. We then have robots synthesized the new materials. We then have an x-ray diffraction machine that tests whether the material has the properties that robots, the AI set. And then we pipe that verification loop back into the training run like as many times as we need for the agents to continue predicting new

superconductors. And in the last 90 days, we've had more material verification than I think in the last decade in the field. And so I'm a huge believer in unblocking frontier progress and domains where the verification sort of loop is clearly just like we know it's going to work but execution is the bottleneck and then I like getting these the best teams the best scientists the best engineers the capital to compute the commercial help they need now I think that the beauty about having Anthropic around is that it's made this idea of the bitter lesson and scaling legible to the capital market so now instead of me having to call up 22 friends I'm getting 21 knows which is the case with the C-round of Anthropic now I make two calls instead we get like you know we get three times oversubscribed so capital is no longer the bottleneck, which is phenomenal.

You know, again, we've been out of eight weeks, have more than a billion dollars committed for my, our first fund. I'm a solo E-man GP on the fund. And there's lots of institutions, pension funds, sovereign funds, who are like, how much more can you put to work, especially in public's, privates, buyouts? It's a bonanza for people who want to be true partners, who want to be the Arthur Rock of this era.

I think if you believe in the bitter lesson, it's not new. It's been around for ages. You and the three of us talked about this like over a year ago at the last recent Harvard's AGM. Yeah, still better. I'm more Zen than I am. How are you thinking about building out the team on both sides? Trust is the moat.

So there's five of us on the team. My full-time engineering co-founder was Sebastian Lobo. We were roommates 14 years ago at Stanford, and then he went on to build a grid. Internight success. There we go. What was that one? Overnight success. Overnight success.

Thank you. 12-year overnight success in California. Exactly. So Seb and Mihai built the Borg-X-Borg Gtm scheduler, which kept the Google internal capacity pool at more than 95% utilization there. If it was at 94% utilization, that was considered a major outage globally. Andrew Erskine is my partner on the operation side. He was a partner at Oric, which was the outside counsel for Anthropic.

And he was my GC at ubiquity 6, which was the company I sold to Discord. And then Rosie, who's my chief of staff, ran comms for me from Edelman when I was at Andreessen Horowitz, you know, and as a GP there. So you got the band back together. It's the odd reunion, basically. And, you know, we called AMP not after my initials. Sometimes people think that. It's not Antimeta partners, anything like that's about energy.

It's about, you know, Amper, the unit of energy. And we want to amp things up because we think we're entering like the great Renaissance and technology. And, you know, if you can have a small team that trust each other across context, you know, compute, capital, sports teams, buyouts, leverage technology, all of this stuff. These are all buckets and categories that we've all put, you know, traditional capital allocators have put around these asset classes that shouldn't exist and I think if you have the flexibility to go back to first principles with a small team

that you trust, you can execute, you know, with orders of magnitude less, less, a size of a team as a firm in this new era with the right tools. I don't know if that makes sense. No, totally. You mentioned taking positions in public companies, the fund structure as a PBC. Are you also an RIA? Like, how are you thinking about navigating both of those asset classes since that's a little bit more than process. Okay. Yes, we are in process of becoming an RIA because, you know, we founded the firm barely 90 days ago, but I'm used to that cadence because Andreessen Horwitz was a RIA. I was a general partner in the AI Infrastructure Fund for several years, as you guys know,

and we were in RIA. I'm used to the compliance, the regulatory sort of guardrails we got to follow. And I think LPs trust us to have that cadence from day one. And so we're going to make sure that we, you know, Zuck, if you remember this, like, you know, 12 years ago, Zach went on TV to say, move fast and break things. And then you have to update the thing to be like, move fast with stable infrastructure. And I think we move fast with stable infrastructure from day one, essentially, because we are in AI infrastructure team.

Yeah. Talk about the PBC. Like if I'm playing back like, well, what year were you referencing 1850 or something like that? 1885. 1885. So if I go back to 1885 and I think about the financiers that, you know, created the industrial build out,

they were not public benefit corporations. They were personal benefit. Yeah. And I mean, there was a lot of good that was created. We got railroads and trains and, you know, machinery and cars and all sorts of things out of the industrial evolution. There were also things that were rough and there was unionization and battles and back and forth. Like what is the PBC in service of solving? What why PBC?

Yeah, great question. So there's the, I'll tell you the substantive answer and then the vibes answer, right? Sure. So from a substantive perspective, we do two things, right? We have a venture capital business and we have an infrastructure business. Both things have this very unique property called positive externalities. When implemented correctly, venture capital can unlock massive positive externalities for the ecosystem and for the world because you end up funding innovation when done correctly and then infrastructure is the same right when you have compute that's used by small focused down dense teams like anthropic that's able to produce 10 times more soda capabilities than like deep mind which is 60 000 or 160 000 people then you're generating positive externalities for

the world by being much more efficient per unit of input with the output they create and so i was like huh well what happens when as an economist you look at positive externalities usually you have market failure you have under consumption of that good well how do you correct the market failure. Usually you get the government to intervene, but if you don't have the government intervening in time, what do you do? You become a private sector participant. And then if you look at the arc of 1885, you know, private sector businesses that ended up correcting market failure by producing public benefits, they ended up getting regulated as utilities. That's what AMP is. AMP is a self-regulated utility event that provides venture capital and infrastructure to the world's

leading scientific teams, the next Dario, the next, you know, Guillaume at Mistral, who created Lama, the next Robin who creates stable diffusion. These are my generation's smartest minds. I'm not smart enough to be, you know, them, but I can be their intern. And instead of waiting for the rest of the space to come up with standards and institutions to enforce this, we're like, dude, let's just do it ourselves and show the world you can have fun while doing it with a small team. You don't need to be, you know, something called a, you know, with like these words like RIA, a multi-stage asset class firm doesn't matter. Just let's skip ahead to the part, the good part. and like, you know, use all the proceeds that we get from management fees and carry to keep the space, like, innovating at the base that we were promised, you know, 12, 13 years ago.

And instead, we got tweets and not flying cars. You know, when I was at Stanford, I got the chance, as an undergrad, I had the chance to take Peter Thiel's class at zero to one. And he was, you know, his whole moniker was, we want to flying cars and we got, you know, 140 characters. Well, 240 characters. Thank you. And now I'm back at Stanford teaching CS 153, which is the largest class on campus. it's called AI Coachella. We've got thousands of people following along. Coachella is a good one.

And it's got frontier systems because it's all possible now. We're literally in our lifetime, we're going to have flying cars. We're going to have room temperature superconductors. We are going to solve cancer. We just want to do it in a way that's stable, predictable. We want to skip all the boom and bus cycles. And the way to do that is to lead by example and say, hey, guys, the public benefit, you know, is to provide goods and services that are utilities and make sure that we don't, like,

let's be the adults in the room and not do the stuff where we try. to be robber bans and monopolists and got greedy along the way. And so that's the substantive answer. The Vives answer is, look, I don't want to get sued by shareholders for whom it's not legible, why I'm giving away billions of dollars of compute at cost of portfolio companies, right? Because that's what we're doing. And that shareholder, you could argue that shareholder value that we're destroyed, but I would argue in the long term, we're actually creating orders of magnitude more value.

And if you look at Ben and Jerry's, you look at REI, they've become stable enduring businesses in categories that are fairly crowded. And eventually, I do think technology and AI will get crowded. It will get commoditized because technology is never the, remote trust is community is a moat culture is a mode execution is a mode and so we're trying to skip ahead to that part but it takes time for people to get aligned so until then we'll we see what we see an amp joint venture with private equity to help distribute diffusion if we can yeah you know if you go to our website it's called amp public dot com because i do think if you look back to the like vulture

era of private equity you remember like rjr nobisco and what the barbarians at the gate we should just learn from from their mistakes and go can we do private equity but done right in an aligned way let's not rush to like lay off you know hundreds of thousands of people and then not re-educate them and prepare them for their new opportunities i'm an optimist as you guys know i came from indreason horwitz so i'm a sort of a rational optimist i believe the transition can be done in a positive way um is that me getting kicked off there's like a bell ringing but that might be here no i don't know oh okay cool no i'm looking at the only bell we have is this but no we're We've got plenty sounds for you.

Continue. Continue. We will do everything. Everything we do is governed by a public benefit charter. So if we do private equity, you'll be governed in the public benefit. If we do education stuff, that'll be in the public benefit. Look, I've made more money than I know what to do in life. I'm 34 and I'm just getting started.

So my goal is I'll be remembered for having been a net positive influence in the space. I just got tired of telling people I told you so because after a while they started looking in my returns and going, why didn't you give me a call? And I said, I did. Look at your email. I introduced to you to Anthropic in the Series A and the Series B and the Series C. And so at some point I was like, you know what, I'm just going to go direct, talk to the LPs, set up a platform, build infrastructure. And hopefully be known as a generally like sane, common sense, rational point of view and stuff that can often be, is not legible to people from different parts of the stack.

And that's what the class is about. So CS153.Stanford.edu, I would recommend anybody watching go check it out. the lectures are all online and the first one went on on Stanford's official page on Thursday. Was that with Scott Nolan? So Scott, no, actually Scott was lecture eight. We put up lecture one, which is mine as a kind of the opening act. Because Scott is one of the mainliners, the headliners of AI Coachella. Scott's will be up soon as well.

And then Jensen was last week. So I think he followed Scott. Well, thank you. Last question for me. Do you think the world is prepared for it not to be a bubble? That's a good question. If the world prepared not for it to be a bubble. Oh, yeah.

Yeah, inertia is, guys, inertia is a powerful thing. Most of the world still has no idea what AI is. It is crazy. And I've been flying to places where I thought there would be diffusion of AI by now. And they just are barely using Claude, chat GPT. I mean, these things are still alien to most of the world. And so if we stopped capabilities today and half of us in the AI ecosystem vanished off the planet, nothing would change. It's still so early.

Yeah, it is really. Very cool. Great to catch up. Congratulations on a very impressive fundraise and a very unique approach. And looking forward to the next conversation. Thank you so much. You guys on a generational run. And I hope the acquisition does nothing but give you guys more steroids and more fuel

full of fire. We need four of you every day. Fantastic. We'll talk to you soon. Have a good one. Thank you. Bye. Cheers.