The Deck - Leah Ulbrich (3 of Clubs, Connecticut)

Episode Date: May 4, 2022

Our card this week is Leah Ulbrich, the 3 of Clubs from Connecticut.On October 29, 1995, a young mother of two was seen arguing with the driver of a car she was in before she was pushed out of the door and dragged 4-and-a-half miles dangling out of the vehicle. For nearly 30 years, Leah Ulbrich’s case has haunted police in Hartford, Connecticut, but recent breakthroughs in the investigation could mean they’re closer than ever to getting her murder solved.If you witnessed the horrific murder of Leah Ulbrich in Hartford, Connecticut in October 1995, it’s time to speak up. Or if you’re the anonymous woman who called to report the crime, or if you know who that was, it’s time to tell police. If you have any information at all, call the Connecticut Cold Case Unit at 860-548-0606.To learn more about The Deck, visit www.thedeckpodcast.com. To apply for the Cold Case Playing Cards grant through Season of Justice, visit www.seasonofjustice.org

Our card this week is Leah Ulbrich, the three of clubs from Connecticut. For months now, I have anticipated the release of this episode for a few reasons. One is because the investigation is still very active and new discoveries were made while our team was reporting on Leah's case, actual breakthroughs that could lead to her murder getting solved. And the second reason is because Leah's family, who has been waiting nearly 30 years for answers, talk to us for this episode. And when we're trying to tell someone's story and truly do it justice,

nothing compares to hearing from the people who love them the most. I'm Ashley Flowers, and this is The Deck. On October 29, 1995, Bill Fleming, a courier for the Hartford Current in Connecticut, was just finishing his Sunday morning delivery route for the day's newspaper. It was just after 4.45 am when he saw something that alarmed him. As Bill was turning into the parking lot of the newspaper's distribution facility in Hartford, he saw what appeared to be a man and a woman inside a car having a fight. When he did a double take, he saw the man hitting the woman and he could hear her screaming.

Bill the adrenaline kicked in so he turned his car around ready to intervene. But as he approached, the car sped off and Bill could see what appeared to be the man in the driver's seat shoving the woman out of the car as the car took off down the road with the passenger door still open. But the woman hadn't fallen out. She was dangling out of the side of the car. It was still pretty dark outside before sunrise and Bill couldn't tell if the woman was like grasping onto something on the side of the car or if she was actually caught and couldn't get loose. But either way, the woman was clearly being dragged at a high speed

down a busy heart-ford street. Bill was still in his delivery box truck and he tried to chase the car, but he couldn't keep up. According to a 1995 Hartford Current article, Bill later told reporters that the car quote, took off like a bat out of hell. According to Hartford Police Detective Drew Jacobson, who's working the case today, it was 449 AM when Bill radioed a Hartford current truck dispatcher who called police. When the call came in, an officer named Martin Burke actually just happened to already be patrolling in the area.

There was a patroman that was driving northbound on Weatherstall Avenue, kind of coming closer to that intersection as the 911 call came in. And as he got up to the intersection, he drove through the intersection slowly, and he saw the car coming up. Detective Jacobson said that the car was driving without headlights on, which got Officer Burke's attention. The dispatchers alerted him to the call they just got in,

and that's when he noticed something being dragged alongside the car. So he made a U-turn and tried to pull the car over, which just made it drive faster. The car left and went southbound on a weather show that I'm going to Hartford to an adjoining city crossed over in the city's actually Weathershow, Connecticut.

He headed then west on another road into that town. Officer Burke then saw the car run a red light. It took off at such a high rate of speed. It was so far away from him, he could never catch up. After a couple of miles of chasing, the suspect had gotten away. So Officer Burke radioed out for other patrol cars to be on the lookout for the car, which he thought looked like a brown sedan with a yellow temporary license plate in the back windshield. He also said over the radio that the car's passenger door was a jar and Something or someone was hanging out the side officer Burke then slowed down and noticed the car had left something

horrifying in its path a trail of skin and bodily fluids He followed the path and a little further away He saw what appeared to be a body on the side of the road, so he pulled over. Officer Burke went over to it and he saw that it was a woman. She was lying off the side of Ridge Road in Weathersfield. You see, during the chase, Officer Burke had left the city of Hartford and crossed over into the city of Weathersfield, which is about a 10 minutes drive south of Hartford. When he looked down at her, it was clear that she was in bad shape.

There were roadrashes all over her body that were so gruesome and severe that she looked like a burn victim. Officer Burke notified his supervisor at the Hartford Police Department who responded, along with paramedics and weather field police. When paramedics arrived, they checked the woman for any signs of life, but she didn't have a pulse and she was pronounced dead at the scene. She also didn't have any idea on her, so they didn't know who she was, but they could tell that she looked young, maybe early 20s, and she had dark hair. First responders covered her up with a white cloth while they waited for a medical examiner

to get there, and police started taping off the scene and looking for evidence. Officers knew that they had their work cut out for them, not only because the suspect car had gotten away, but the actual crime scene itself was huge. Investigators still believe it is the largest crime scene in Connecticut's history, and that's because the crime had started in Hartford and stretched over four miles. But the good news was police knew that that meant there was a good chance they'd be able to find other witnesses. You see, between Hartford and Weathersfield is a metro area, so it is dense, with industrial

and residential neighborhoods between the two cities. It's a busy area. I know that there's where he was going down Weathersfield Avenue. There's people all over the place, even at five o'clock in the morning. There's lots of people that live over in that area. They're walking and probably people coming from Weathersville driving into the city to go to work.

It's one of the avenues, you know, if you don't want to go on the highway. Police knew their first step would be to retrace the whole route to properly process the entire scene. So Hartford Police went back to where it started, on the street near the newspaper's distribution center. There they found the woman's pants, her shoes, and a power cord, like the kind that you plug into a cigarette lighter, right where Bill Fleming said the car had been parked. They also had some crime scene investigators examine a scene in Weather's Field where

her body was. And there they found a hair scrunchy, pieces of the woman's torn shirt, and some other items that may or may not have been related, like a snapple bottle and a pack of cigarettes nearby. And you might be thinking, of course they're related, but you see the area where Officer Burke found the woman's body was a construction zone at the time. So there was some litter strewn about. But they still photographed and collected everything they thought might be related to the woman's death. Police even took note of some drag marks just off the road.

Looks like maybe he tried to dislodge her from the car because there were tire marks that went up onto the grass. Later that morning the medical examiner collected the woman's body from the scene to take her for autopsy and identification. While police waited to find out the woman's name, they went to interview witnesses. The courier Bill Fleming told police what he'd seen, and though he didn't get a great look at the man, he thought that he was white, with dark hair combed back. Bill also gave the same description of the car as Officer Burke, a brownish car with a yellow, maybe temporary tags in the back window, but neither of them were able to actually read the paper license plate. Police knew that if they were

going to make any headway, they had to find more witnesses, and they were hopeful that they could maybe even find someone who had gotten a better look at the license plate, or even the driver since the whole crime took place on a busy street. But initial canvassing was a bust. When they knocked on the door of an apartment along the route where the woman had been dragged, a lady answered the door and told officers that she had heard screaming around 5 a.m. But she said she didn't go outside. In fact, she didn't even look outside to see what the commotion was because she said she didn't want to get involved.

But a few hours later around mid-morning that same day, a dispatcher relayed to Hartford officers that at least one other witness had actually called in earlier that morning. It's a woman that I guess just says, it sounds like she's out there and there's a woman being dragged. Dispatchers said that the woman wouldn't give them her name. And when officers tried to track her call so they could try and interview her for more details, nothing came up, which made them think that she might have called in from a street pay phone. If that's the case, the woman would have been really close to the suspect's car as it passed by her.

And she may have gotten a better look at the man. We were never able to identify who that is. You know, she's calling from basically an anonymous call, you know, so it's not coming back to her apartment or anything. That woman is still unidentified to this day. And it's one of the things that police are hoping this episode can help with. Someone out there knows who that woman is or maybe that woman is listening to this right now, never knowing that police were looking for her. Back then, officers were starting to get frustrated with how little information they'd been able to uncover.

But that's when they got noticed from the medical examiner. They had determined the woman's name. Her name was Leah Ulbrich. They were able to identify 24-year-old Leah by a tattoo on the inside of her ankle that read Ozzy, OZzy, in all caps. When they ran that tattoo to see if it was in any prior criminal records, it actually came back as a match to Leah. Then her identity was officially confirmed

by comparing her fingerprints to that same record. Detective Jacobson said that Leah's tattoos and fingerprints were in the system because she had done jail time the year before on drug-related charges. And anyone with a felony conviction gets fingerprints and body markings like tattoos noted in their file. Along with her name, the Emmys report also gave them

a cause and manner of death, though it took a long time to complete the autopsy because over 80% of Leah's body had suffered severe trauma from being dragged on pavement. It took three hours and 15 minutes, and the cause of death was certified as extensive blunt trauma in the manner of death homicide. We got a copy of the autopsy report, and in it there is a sketch of a human figure with darkened scribbles over the areas of Leah's body that suffered, quote, severe bruising

in trauma. You can actually see it along with some other crime scene photos on thedeckpodcast.com. By the time investigators knew Leah's name, it was late afternoon. But now they could track down her family members to not only notify them of Leah's death, but to see if they could find out any important information like if they knew whose car Leah had been in at 5 o'clock that morning. Police found out Leah had an ex-husband named Bobby, who they tracked down and questioned right away.

Bobby seemed shocked to hear what had happened to Leah, and he told investigators that he and Leah had gotten married in 1989 and had two kids, Ryan and Abby, but by 1991 they had split up. He said Leah had gotten out of drug rehab in the summer of 1995, and the last he'd heard she was doing well. She was clean and even got to have a visit with her kids a few weeks before. Now investigators knew that Bobby also had a history of drug use, so he said that his parents and Leah's parents often helped care for their kids. Now it doesn't say in the police reports exactly how Bobby was ruled out as a suspect in Leah's murder, but police said that he provided a solid alibi. So from there, officer is contacted Leah and Bobby's parents. Leah's dad, Bob Baskin, was in Washington, D.C. for work

when his daughter died. Bob talked to our team for this episode. On a Sunday evening, at 9.30 in the evening, our phone rang, which was a little unusual. And I answered the phone and it was the state police informing me that Leah had been murdered. I can tell you every minute about what those first 24 hours were like. Bob said he hopped on the next flight from DC to LaGuardia and got a rental car to drive up to Connecticut.

By this time, Leah's death was starting to hit the local news. I turned on the news hit the local news. I turned on the news, the local news, because I didn't have a lot of details at that point in time. That's probably one of the toughest hours of my life, because they were reporting how she had been dragged for four and a half miles. Bob was beside himself. He hadn't met with any investigators yet, so up to that point, he didn't know exactly how his daughter had died. I mean, he was still processing the fact

that his daughter had been murdered, and then to learn she'd been murdered in that way, it was overwhelming for him. That anybody could do to her what was done is unconscionable to me. Bob knew that he needed to talk to police and make funeral arrangements and most importantly, make sure Leah's kids

who were both under the age of six of the time were taken care of. If that trip from LaGuardia back up to Connecticut was one of the most difficult hours I've had, the worst 10 minutes I've ever had was having to tell Ryan and Abby that their mother was not ever going to come back. But I said to them that while physically their mother was not there, she was always going to be there because a part of her is in them. And I believe that to this day.

Bob said that next day he got into survival mode. And because he didn't like the way his daughter was being portrayed in the news, he called the reporters himself and said that he would tell them about the real Leah. Some people say, yeah, but she was a drugie and all of this stuff. Yeah, well, she was addicted to it with a disease, but that didn't stop her from loving her children, and it didn't stop me from loving her. Leah was a kid with so many attributes who made some wrong decisions and unfortunately put herself in the wrong place at the wrong time and paid the price for it. Hearing Bob talk about Leah just twisted me up inside. And it must have made an impact with reporters too because headlines about Leah Soffin.

And the story started to feature interviews with her parents and even her former in-laws, rather than just focusing on her criminal record. Articles shared stories about Leah's childhood achievements like her artistic abilities, her high IQ, and her natural beauty. Accompanying details about Leah in those articles was a description of the suspect in his car. And police and Leah's family waited and hoped that someone somewhere with information would finally do the right thing and come forward. And then, on November

3rd, just a few days after Leah's murder, Hartford Police got a strange phone call. Now, it's hard to hear, so I'm going to have voice actors summarize the call for you based on a transcript that we got from Detective Jacobson. It's been edited and shortened a little for clarity. Police Department, how you doing? Good. Great, listen, give me a hand. Sure, what do you need?

I heard in the gut about the girl that got your egg. Oh, isn't that something? It's the worst I've seen in 15 years. I'm hurting in the gut. My guts are hurting. Why? Because I don't know, I don't know. Even though she's a dirt bag, I'm a truck driver. Oh, you didn't see anything, did you? No, no, no, I'm not trying to say that. Oh, because we could use a witness, so to be nice. No, no, no, I'm not trying to say that. Ah, because we could use a witness, it'd be nice. No, no, no, I'm not a witness. But I'm not a good man myself. Well, none of us are totally good men. We all make mistakes, and eventually we pay for them. What are they going to do when they find him?

Well, we have no idea where he is or who he is yet. You don't have a clue? You have anything whatsoever? Oh, sure, they got some witnesses. There are people who saw it. A lady called, you saw the guy, but we don't know her name. We're trying to find her. Please never could identify or track down this caller. And it's someone investigators today remain suspicious of. He calls and it starts asking questions about what happened to her, do the cops have any any leads, do they know what kind of color it is, and then he starts, he says, I think it says three

times in 12 minutes, my guts really hurt, my guts really hurt. I feel terrible for Leah, but my guts don't hurt because I was involved. I mean, a guest is probably a little bit of a guilty conscience or something, so that effect. The dispatcher wrote up the details of the call in a police report in case an officer could follow up on it later. As days went by, police continued interviewing Leah's

family and friends. They learned about a loving mom who struggled with an addiction to crack cocaine. Her stints of sobriety came and went between rehabilitation efforts. Here's her dad, Bob, again. She went through a whole series of different programs, not doing well, particularly, or completing them in many, many cases. But in 1995, she went to a program at the Youngcrest Hospital in Portland, Connecticut,

and she completed the course and came out of that really in what looked like so much better shapes than she had been in for a long time. Bob said that the last time he saw his daughter was a few weeks before she died. They met for lunch and she had completed the latest rehab program successfully. She was struggling with transitioning back into a healthy daily routine, but there was a lot of hope for the future. But now, Leah's future had been taken away, and it seemed like the case was at a standstill. That is until about a week after Leah's murder. That's when someone accidentally came across

some key evidence. You ready for a crazy twist? On November 6th, a postman on the north end of Hartford was on his usual route when he noticed some bandles must have been out on Halloween night egging some mailboxes like they did every year because there were broken shells and yokes on some of the US Postal Service mailboxes. Then he got to the mailbox on Burton and Homestead Avenue. When he opens it up to get the mail out there's like eggs and crap so we must have thrown eggs in there and then there's mail at the

in the bottom of it is Leah Algrich's passport Also in the mailbox was a prescription drug card also belonging to Leah the passport in the card stuck out among the white envelopes The postal worker had seen the news about Leah's murder so when he saw her name on the items He called police right away Police seized Leah's passport and prescription card and added them to the growing list of evidence. At this point in the investigation,

investigators had collected Leah's shoes, pants, parts of her shirt, four metal earrings that were still in her ears when she was found, a pack of cigarettes that power cord, a hair scrunchy, her fingernail clippings from the autopsy, and chunks of her hair that were found along the street between Hartford and Weathersfield. Now, they tried dusting the passport and the prescription card for fingerprints, but there were egg yolks all over everything, and testing turned up nothing. When news hit about the Postman's discovery, it prompted the first big break in the case. A man called police and said that he worked at a place a few blocks away from the mailbox

where the passport was found. And he said that he worked with a man who might have killed Leah Ulbrich. He said, Hey, listen, I got a coworker that's kind of fitting the description of this white male with pushback hair. He's got this car. There's a little damage on the passenger side in that this man says when he approaches the owner of the car, who's a coworker, the coworker gets pissed. He's irate. You know, what the hell you do when looking at my car, and so he kind of gives the tip to the police department. Hartford police did a little digging and found out that this guy's cowork-worker did fit the description of their suspect. White, thin-billed, dark, pushed back hair, and like we said, he worked

really close to the mailbox where Leah's stuff was dumped. And on top of that, he had a dark-colored car with some damage on the passenger side. Is it coincidence that he owns the same kind of car? He kind of looks like what the description is and there's a little bit of damage on the car. Not sure, but it's really weird that our passports there. Officers back in 95 were like, this is gotta be our guy. They did a background check before calling him in for an interview and the man did have a criminal record, but nothing super serious or violent.

And he agreed to be questioned by police. He provided no information, said he didn't know with a victim of all this. He denied having anything to do with Leah's awful death, and since police didn't have any concrete evidence tying him to Leah's murder, they had to let him go. Desperate defined any sort of concrete evidence, police tried to see if they could get any information about cars with temporary license plates to see if they were registered to this manner and the other potential suspects.

The investigators back then actually did an incredible job and they got a copy of every single temporary Connecticut plate and the state of Connecticut for a certain period of time. And I have those here and I've had them, I had an intern go through a categorizing by a beautiful type. The search came back with 50 cars that had temporary Connecticut tags on October 29th 1995. But somehow none of them belonged to their person of interest. A few days later on November 9th, a $20,000 reward was announced for any information that could lead police to Leah's killer.

Tips came in, but they ultimately led nowhere. And despite there being so many possibilities from evidence to witnesses, the case went cold. Barely any new leads were discovered over the next several years. Then, in early 1999, an internal corruption probe at the Hartford Police Department revealed at least four different officers had been forcing women to have sex with them while on duty. According to an April 1999 article on the front page of the Hartford current, the sex assault investigation got underway when one of the victims came forward.

According to their reporting, four Hartford officers were charged in connection with assaulting sex workers. And I want to be clear, Leah Ulbrich did not have a known history of sex work. No one knows what she was doing inside that car before she died. But the area of town and the descriptions of the suspect coupled with the police sex assault scandal, led detectives to wonder if they should look inside their own ranks for Leia's killer. And so you can kind of see where investigators back then kind of started scratching their head saying, well, I wonder if one of these guys got nervous. He's a police officer.

He doesn't want to get caught, obviously, nobody wants to get caught, but definitely doesn't want to get caught. And then it's a draw. If I ever got DNA in the DNA, I never got a codeus head. It would make sense. Because if you're a police officer, my DNA certainly is not going to be a codeus because I'm not a convicted phone. They probably looked at a list of people that were maybe under investigation, or they

thought might have been involved. And then they tried to figure out which guys maybe fit the description. And then who was working, who wasn't working, there were locations at the time of the incident, and then included or excluded people that way. The possibility that a cop killed Leah has never truly been ruled out. I can't turn my eyes to it and say, no, it didn't happen. Or it's definitely not a cup.

Until I get a definitive answer, anything is a possibility. In 2001, a joint investigation was initiated between the Hartford Police Department, the Weather's Field Police Department, and the cold case unit of the Office of the Connecticut Chief States Attorney. And the reward for information in Leah's case was up to $50,000. The original person of interest that coworker guy from 1995, who we're going to call Max, was re-interviewed by investigators in 2003 after his former coworker called again, asking whatever happened to his original tip about the guy and the tipster said he just knew Max did it but Max still denied any involvement and

police were still lacking any evidence that linked him to Leah's case. When's he ever really ruled out or no? No, I'm still interested in him. There's still more work to be done so we we're not at the very, very end. If we can get somebody to come forward and provide more tips or if they remember the incident, if they could call us even anonymously and provide a little bit of information, at least kind of point us in the right direction,

that would be huge help. So we're not spending our wheels going through mountains of paperwork and endless leads that don't get us anywhere. As detectives have worked over the years to solve Leah's murder, her kids, Ryan and Abby, had to grow up without a mom and without a dad. A few years after Leah died, their father Bobby also passed away,

so they were taken in by their grandparents. We actually got to talk to Leah's daughter Abby. In a strange turn of events, she happens to be a crime junkie. And after our first episode of The Deck aired, she sent an email directly to me asking if we could cover her mom's case. And what was wild was by the time she had reached out,

our reporter Emily had already done most of her reporting for this episode, and she was about to start writing. Something about it seemed like fate to me and maybe other people who've dealt with cases longer and are more cynical than me would say it's just a coincidence. But to me, I don't know, there is something about Leah's case that makes me think answers are just around the corner. Emily was able to talk to Abby who was just a toddler at the time of her mom's murder. You know, going through the 20 years and even turning 24, which was the age she was when she died, was surreal.

I don't know what her voice sounds like or what she smelled like or even what she looks like except through pictures. Abby said that her mother's death greatly affected her life. She remembers being little and everyone around her just being sad all the time, and she's had periods of anxiety and depression that she's worked hard to overcome. Just talking about it all the time, even though that's not everyone's cup of tea, it really helps me just get it out and release it and feel better. And now I'm able to talk about it without being so emotional,

took a long time and a lot of sad nights. When we were really young when it first happened, my grandma obviously didn't tell us really how, but we knew that somebody took her from us, and we knew it was bad. It was scary to think that somebody could do that to another human being. And sometimes when I was younger, I thought, could that happen to me? Because that's all you know and it's scary. Abby's relatives say that she reminds them of Leah

in a lot of ways, which helps her feel closer to her mom. Everyone says that I look just like her, and I mean from the pictures. Yeah, I'd say definitely do. I was actually just talking to my aunt, and she told me my voice is very similar to hers. And from what I understand, my mom was extremely creative,

and that's definitely something that I got. I left me Ned and crochet. Like an old woman at 30 years old. And I've always loved that stuff so I definitely think that's from her. Considering everything Abby and her brother Ryan had to overcome, they're both successful adults today and their grandparents know Leo would be so proud of them. Abby herself became a mom last year, and she said it's made her realize even more just how much she missed out on. Knowing that detectives are still working to solve her mom's case using modern technology like DNA testing gives Leah's family hope that they might someday know who killed her.

It makes me cry to think about because that would just be the greatest thing, you know, to The greatest thing, you know, to finally have answers and have somebody, you know, held accountable for their actions and just to be able to end that chapter that's been so hard for all of us would just be just everything. Detective Jacobson has been working Leah's case for a decade now and he's submitted old items of evidence for DNA testing as recently as fall of 2021. None of those efforts have resulted in a match yet, but every time he opens the case file, he finds new hope in old items that he hasn't sent in for testing yet. And those could be the key. I wasn't feeling great because I had submitted the clothing and the passports and the power cord,

and I was getting essentially no DNA information at all, like nothing to compare to. But I would say, since our last conversation, I think I flipped through part of this once. But you obviously forced me to kind of like read through stuff. And so my opinion of it has changed because now there's a

Snapple bottle which should be loaded with DNA. I did notice that somebody collected cigarette butts. I don't know where those are. But I know that when I mentioned cigarette butts to a DNA analyst, they get all crazy. They love that because I can say it's really loaded up. Detective Jacobson said his motivation to solve Leah's case is twofold. Thinking about the pain, Leah suffered as she died and thinking about her family. Leah's dad, Bob, is 80 years old and while he doesn't hold a grudge against anyone, not even his daughter's killer, he would love nothing more than to have answers.

What about the person who did this to her? Do you ever think about that person or wonder how they've lived with that guilt all these years? Well, I don't feel sorry for him. I wish that somebody had, that he had more of a moral fiber to come forth even at this late time. He affected lots and lots of people, not just my daughter. He affected a whole lots of people, not just my daughter. He affected

a whole slew of family members and in particular her children, Ryan and Abby. And that's not right and it's not fair. But while I have forgiven him, I don't forget if this doesn't get solved, which I really, I don't know, I have this feeling, I don't know, I don't want. If this doesn't get solved, which I really, I don't know, I have this feeling, I don't know, I don't wanna get hopeful, but we all will be okay. We've dealt with it for so long, but the thought of thinking that there can be some answers,

you know, she was on this earth for 24 years and she's been off this earth for 26. That's crazy to think that she's been gone longer than she was here. And that's just not fair. And whoever did this needs to know that they've destroyed a family and ruined the opportunity for me to have known my mom. And it's time somebody is held accountable for that. If you witnessed the horrific murder of Leah Albrook

in Hartford, Connecticut in October 1995, it is time to speak up. Or if you are the anonymous woman who called to report the crime or if you know who that was, it is time to tell police. And if you have any information at all, call the Connecticut Cold Case Unit at 860-548-0606. The Deck is an audio chuck production with theme music by Ryan Lewis. To learn more about the Deck and our advocacy work, visit the DeckPodcast.com. So, what do you think, Chuck?

Do you approve? Aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa AHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH