The Diary Of A CEO with Steven Bartlett - Mo Gawdat: 80% Of Illness Is Linked To One Thing! An Alarming Warning For The Burnout Generation! If You Feel Like This, Quit Your Job Today!
Episode Date: April 25, 2024Life is getting faster and more hectic than ever before, but is there way to become unstressable? Mo Gawdat is the former Chief Business Officer for Google X, the founder of ‘One Billion Happy’ ...foundation, and co-founder of ‘Unstressable’. He is the bestselling author of books such as, ‘Solve for Happy’, ‘Scary Smart’, and ‘That Little Voice in Your Head’. In this conversation Mo and Steven discuss topics such as, why this is the most stressful time for any generation, how most people won’t recognise the world in 5 years time, and how stress is the new pandemic. 00:00 Intro 02:01 Mo How Are You Doing? 07:08 Mo's New Book & The State Of The World 12:31 The Speed Of The World 17:14 Stress Is The New Addiction 26:41 Will I Lose Productivity Without Stress? 31:06 What is TONN? The Origin Of Stress 36:07 Upsetting People With Change & Choosing To Put Ourselves First 43:31 What Is Loss Aversion? 50:43 The Noise Of Stress 01:01:38 How Do We Spot Our Own Stress? 01:04:49 Are We Really Too Busy? 01:08:23 What Is Steve's BS? 01:12:18 Setting Limits & Prioritising The Important Stuff 01:18:20 How Our Childhood Impact In Our Bias To Workaholism 01:22:22 Loss And How Long We Have Left 01:29:02 Passport Control Detention 01:29:49 How Do We Undo Stress 01:44:02 Work / Life Balance 01:44:52 The Impact Of AI 02:02:04 Being Successful And Balanced 02:16:20 Love & Relationship Advice 02:26:17 Why Some People Don't Find A Partner 02:34:22 Becoming Unstressable 02:40:15 Mo's Family Heartache 02:44:53 What Would You Tell The First People You Loved You can purchase Mo’s newest book, ‘Unstressable: A Practical Guide to Stress-Free Living’, available on 9th May 2024, here: https://amzn.to/3w6xG8h Follow Mo: Instagram - https://bit.ly/3w5VGIC Twitter - https://bit.ly/3JwggoE YouTube - https://bit.ly/3QlCUnt Watch the episodes on Youtube - https://g2ul0.app.link/3kxINCANKsb My new book! 'The 33 Laws Of Business & Life' is out now - https://smarturl.it/DOACbook Follow me: https://beacons.ai/diaryofaceo Sponsors: Linkedin Ads: https://www.linkedin.com/doac24 Shopify: http://shopify.com/bartlett
Transcript
Discussion (0)
Quick one. Just wanted to say a big thank you to three people very quickly. First people I want
to say thank you to is all of you that listen to the show. Never in my wildest dreams is all I can
say. Never in my wildest dreams did I think I'd start a podcast in my kitchen and that it would
expand all over the world as it has done. And we've now opened our first studio in America,
thanks to my very helpful team led by Jack on the production side of things. So thank you to Jack
and the team for building out the new American studio. And thirdly to to Amazon Music, who when they heard that we were expanding to the United
States, and I'd be recording a lot more over in the States, they put a massive billboard
in Times Square for the show. So thank you so much, Amazon Music. Thank you to our team. And
thank you to all of you that listened to this show. Let's continue. There are only three ways
where stress will break you. But the majority of how stress kills us is because of that.
But this is completely within your control.
Mo Gowdat is back.
And this time he's on a mission to help millions of people manage their stress.
No matter what their circumstances.
Stress is very good for you until it kills you.
And what most people don't understand is that it's an addiction.
Stress is a badge of honor.
It means that I'm wanted, I'm needed. And the reality is that 80% of the stuff you do at
work is just to prove you're alive. But we tell ourselves we're too busy. That's a lie. But the
truth is that we are getting to the point where this turning into burnout, anxiety, panic attacks,
we're all suffering. Now, I think the most interesting part of stress is to understand that what breaks us is the long application of obsessions and nuisances.
Nuisances are stressors that are triggered every day.
And there are so many of them.
The first 10 minutes of your day, you get 10, 15 stressors.
And then obsessions create a lot of stress as a result of the lies that you told yourself.
This is quite serious.
What do we do about it though?
So you get stressed in four modalities,
mentally, emotionally, physically, or spiritually.
And each of those is a different language.
So your mental stress speaks to you
in a language that is different
than your emotional stress.
But if you learn that language,
then you can easily deal with that stress when it happens.
And it's simple techniques,
so we should cover as many of them as we can. So first of all...
Congratulations, Dario Vecchio gang, we've made some progress. 63% of you that listen to this podcast regularly don't subscribe, which is down from 69%. Our goal is 50%. So if you've ever liked any of the videos we've posted, if you like this
channel, can you do me a quick favor and hit the subscribe button? It helps this channel more than
you know, and the bigger the channel gets, as you've seen, the bigger the guests get. Thank you
and enjoy this episode. Mo, how are you doing? I'm here again. Love it.
It's always a pleasure to be with you, Steve.
I am doing...
I am somewhere between the best time of my life
and the most interestingly inviting for change time of my life.
What do you mean?
I think I'm, thanks to you, of course, by the way,
and many others,
I think my message is getting to a lot of people.
I think that's really, really, really,
it feels such an honor to be actually making progress on my mission and what I stand for.
But I have to say, I think the world is changing in so many ways
that doing what we've always done may not deliver the same results.
So I feel that I have to revisit very deeply how I can continue to help, how I can continue to explain what I think will
be probably the most needed in the times to come. But also not, I think most people don't
realize how different the world is going to be in the next five years.
Are you talking about AI again, Mo?
It's not just AI, Steve.
We know that.
It's not just AI.
It's not just AI.
What is it?
Remember last time we met, in closing, I was telling you we're hitting the perfect storm.
Economics, geopolitical, climate, AI, synthetic biology.
Yeah.
And I think the highlight of it is what I call the end of the truth,
if you think about what's about to happen in our world.
And I will openly say
this is going to be the most stressful time of any generation that we've ever met, you and I.
It is so disruptive in so many ways.
It's so disruptive.
It doesn't have to be stressful.
It can be navigated so beautifully.
But it is going to be so unusual, so unfamiliar for so many of us, I think.
What's going to be the cause of the stress?
The biggest reason is the pace and the unfamiliarity of the change. It's not the
devastation of the impact, if you think about it. As I said, I think we can all sail through this.
I mean, a big part of my focus this year is to help explain how people can see all that's happening
and really sail through it in a way that doesn't halt the progress, if you want.
But so much change in such a short amount of time. I think the reality is that humans become very stressed
when we have a lot of unfamiliar, you know, change happening in front of us.
And I think this is where we stand today.
We stand in a world where I think it's led by economics,
the level of debt in Western societies that cannot be fixed with the normal execution of fiscal
policies that leads governments to dilute our economies in ways that are affecting,
that is, you know, basically everyone feels. But I have to admit, I think that, you know, the current
economic and geopolitical view of the world is leading lots of governments in the world to,
yeah, to create conflicts that are going to expand beyond the current horizon.
I don't know if this is how we want to start the conversation,
but I believe, you know how it is.
Wars are not the result of conflict.
Conflict is the needed trigger to start a war,
or the illusion of a conflict is the needed trigger to start a war or the illusion of a conflict is the needed trigger to start a war
that helps fiscal policy and sets geopolitical stance on situations. And I think our world is
becoming quite interestingly a world where the truth is morphed in ways that you and I are unable to figure out so that we can agree to the leaders doing things that we
shouldn't allow them to do. And as a result of that, most of us are going to be in a dilemma
economically, politically, sometimes safety-wise, and sometimes purpose-wise. Very unusual times.
When you think about the times we're living in more broadly,
what is the most important sort of context in your mind for the viewer to understand?
If they're trying to understand how you're seeing the world right now, because you've written a book
now about the subject of stress. And I know that you're someone
who's got so many different books
in your mind and in your soul
that you're always working on,
sometimes for years and years,
sometimes those books never make it out.
So for you to commit your energy and time
to writing a book about stress,
for me, as someone that knows you well,
it is a clue of sorts
to a perspective you have
on the nature of the world. What is that
nature of the world? What is the backdrop there that you're seeing?
It is the top topic in my mind. First of all, I wrote this because of my co-author, Alice. Alice
came to me at a point in time and she said, you know, you cannot continue to write about happiness and well-being without addressing stress, right?
Alice herself had a very stressful, you know, stage of her life in her 20s.
And she learned through it that it's not the events of your life that stress you.
It's the way that you deal with them that does, right? And so we started to work on this around 2021.
But then we suddenly recognized that this probably is the topic of the time, right?
So Unstressable is a part of a big strategy to try and get a million people out of stress every year, simply because I think the mounting stress in the world
is one, because of events outside most people's controls. And two, it's because stress will cause
more stress. So what is happening in our world today, you walk the streets and you feel it,
right? You know, you can easily see that people are
struggling economically, for example, and so they are behaving in ways that are stressing others.
Let's, you know, it's a bit less safe in the city of London. It's a bit, you know, more
challenging to make ends meet and so on and so forth, right? So the truth of the matter is that the events are leading
those who are not capable of dealing with stress
to a situation where they will be more stressed, okay?
And you asked me, what is the state of the world?
I think the state of the world is that we,
let me try to explain this.
Think of hunters gatherers, right? When hunters
gatherers, when the best hunter in the tribe went out to hunt, you could probably feed the tribe for
a couple of days more, right? When the best farmer, you know, managed his or her farm better, you could probably feed the tribe for a month
more, right? When the best manufacturer manufactured something, you could probably
feed or serve the world for a month more. Scale continues to grow, right? But at the same time, the gain of the best hunter was probably two more
wives. The gain of the best farmer was probably millions of dollars. The gain of the best
industrialist was probably billions of dollars. The award, the reward that you get as a result of
automation. So think of it as the, you know, as the conduit that you put as a result of automation. So think of it as the conduit
that you put your efforts through
to get something on the other side
gets magnified a long time.
Now, with what is about to happen
from an economic and technological point of view,
the gains are going to become massive, right?
So one platform owner, such as OpenAI, for example, will almost entirely own,
for a while until they are disrupted, the commodity that we call intelligence, right?
They will almost have a plug in the wall, where, you know, you plug in and you get 100 IQ points
more, right? The amount of power that this generates for the company, for the country,
for the economy, for the culture becomes prohibitive of every other company and every
other culture. And so everyone's competing, right? Most people don't talk about that because they're
not aware of the scale of the conflict, if you want. So we are about to head into a world where nations that
are struggling economically have found an opportunity to get out of where they are
at the expense of the rest of society. And that's going to cause a lot of stress. It's going to
cause stress in the replacement of jobs. It's going to cause stress economically. It's going to cause a lot of stress. It's going to cause stress in the replacement of jobs.
It's going to cause stress economically.
It's going to cause stress about the uncertainty of geopolitical landscape.
It's going to cause stress around, you know,
even I am not able to keep up with the speed at which technology is changing, right?
So that becomes all of that change, all of that uncertainty, I think is going to cause a situation where a lot of us are dealing with things
that might make us anxious. I was looking at some of Ray Kurzweil's work. He's obviously one of the
leading futurists in the world. And there was a chap called, I think it was called Michael Simmons
that studied his work and produced some predictions based on his predictions.
And he said that if you're 10 years old now, by the age of 60, you'll experience a year's change
at today's rate in 10 days. If you're 40 now, you'll experience, by the time you get to 60,
you'll experience a year's change in three months at today's rate. And in the 21st century,
we'll experience, I think he said 10,000 years of change, which is a thousand times more or whatever than the previous century.
I remember thinking about how one can navigate that
without losing their mind, to be honest.
If the world is changing at such a speed
and you feel disempowered,
you surely would feel disempowered to some degree.
Yeah, I mean, one of the very first
principles of unstressable is the idea of limit. So it's the idea of being able to choose what to
let in and what not to let in. Because there is that constant attempt to keep up with what's
happening that goes beyond human ability. And in reality, you know, I, as I said, I can't even keep up with what's happening. I don't know
if you've seen the latest editions of ChatGPT or Sora or whatever. You can now have full
conversations, full conversations with an engine that appears very human, that, you know, changes
its tonalities, that answers in a very clever way that is so political and so well presented.
You know, when you ask the difficult questions,
it will say things like,
oh no, you know,
this is subject to human ingenuity.
And when humans do this,
they're like, seriously?
Like a machine is so good at giving me the answer
that politicians give me.
And it's quite interesting
when you really think that this is,
last time we spoke about, you know, AI was what, a year ago? Yeah. There is a point in time where your well-being
is not, as a matter of fact, all the time, your well-being is not the result of the events
happening in your life. You know, as I said, the slogan of Unstressable is, it is not the result of the events happening in your life.
You know, as I said, the slogan of Unstressable is,
it's not the events of your life that stress you,
it's the way you deal with them that does.
Right?
And there is a point, we were chatting before we started filming,
you know, you and I make choices.
You and I make choices that stress us.
Right?
And believe it or not, we make those choices, not because we're not intelligent enough to recognize the impact. We make those choices
because we are so caught up in that cycle, right? And that cycle keeps speeding up and you get caught
up in it. And you and I are the kinds of people that, you know, think a little too much of
ourselves. Like I can keep, I can keep going. I can keep faster. I can go faster. And right. I can take more.
The truth is, no, I think that I think we're entering a time of human evolution, if you ask me,
but it's about time that you make your wellbeing, your number one top priority,
your number one top priority, because it's because it seems to me that we are all getting
into, forget all of the big picture stuff, you know, economic and geopolitical and so on.
But ask me how many of the people that you know, friends, acquaintances, co-workers, whatever,
who are not stressed, right? There are studies now that will tell you 70 to 80% of clinics visits of doctor visits
are because of stress related illness, right? This is quite serious. And, and, you know,
sometimes you look back at COVID days and you say, this is the biggest pandemic of our,
of our time. It's not. Stress is the biggest pandemic of our time. By a very, very, very large margin.
Almost everyone you know is stressed in an interesting way.
Right?
Now, stress in itself is not a bad thing.
You know, if you have a presentation or a podcast with an important person tomorrow and you're preparing for it, stress is good for you.
Right?
But the truth is that we are getting to the point where good is turning into burnout, it's turning into anxiety, it's turning into panic attacks, it's turning into, you know, it really is getting the toll on, you know, we're not going to be able to change that world so that we're not as stressed by it as the world is making it,
you know, sort of dictating to us that we should be that stressed.
In the book, you describe stress as the new addiction.
Why are we addicted to stress?
It's a status symbol. It's a status symbol.
It's a status symbol.
So there are two ways we invite stress proudly into our life.
One way is I'm busy is a badge of honor now, right?
It's like I'm busy means I'm wanted, I'm needed, okay?
It means that look at me, you know, I have enough to do,
right? And sadly, if you're not in that space, you start to tell yourself, maybe I should be
in that space. The opposite of sanity, if you ask me, right? Other is because we're unable to sit
with our brains. We're unable to simply say, look, I'm just going to sit down and reflect on the week.
Because if you, you know, if you start to sit with yourself, demons pop up. Like, oh, you're not so
you're not good enough. Oh, you know, they didn't like you when you said this, right? All of the
negative thoughts pop up. And interestingly, that psychological discomfort, if you want, one of the easiest way
beyond social media, and one of the easiest ways to get rid of it is to keep your brain busy in
something else. So you keep adding stuff, right? And in a very interesting way, I think you and I
both experienced that. You make decisions, you design your life, and then the stress follows two and a half months later.
Okay. I know for a fact, this is my fourth book, right? And even though Alice is really,
really, really doing an amazing amount of the work that's needed for the book,
I get burned out every book, right? Publishing a book is just a grueling job,
simply because people don't buy books because
of the content that's in them, right? They buy them because of the marketing that you do about
them, right? And it's, you know, it's my biggest job if I want to get a million people out of
stress to simply make them, make people pre-order the book. Because if they pre-order the book,
the book pops up on the bestseller list and then a million people, not a million, but you know, 100,000 people get to see it every day and think
about stress, right? The challenge is, you know, it's going to happen. And yet you had a couple of
speaking engagements and four podcast recordings and one trip to do this. And right. And then in
the middle of all of this, which actually was my year this year, and you know, my mom fell and, you know, I lost my brother and my sister. And, you know,
it was a very difficult year. But I didn't know that this was going to be the case back in November
when I was planning my February and March. Right. And so we're going through those cycles. And then
suddenly life pops up and goes like, all right right let me show you what it is okay and yet
you know on the next book or on the next tour or on the next you know work appointment we just
overload ourselves to the point that is beyond human it's it is if you ask me it has all of the symptoms of addiction. Okay. You know, it is a, you know, a substance
almost that we're using because it justifies to us that, you know, this is the way we should live.
So what would my workaholic brain say? My workaholic brain would rebuttal you mo and say well if i don't load my calendar and if i don't
work 100 hour weeks then i'm gonna miss out on my own potential i'm not gonna live the life i could
have lived i could i you know i if i keep working like this i'm gonna be able to get a big plane and
a mansion and a sports car and i'm gonna to be free and I'm going to have the best
holidays and the best food. So that's why I'm doing it. Absolutely not the truth. You know that
for a fact that the week you don't work is the week you are most productive.
You know that for a fact that, you know, that, I mean, think about it. I could load my calendar with a million podcast
interviews and that would never allow me the time to write a book. The reason why we, we, we, you
may have a diff, you may make a difference to anything, to your, your, your relationship with
your loved ones, to your career, to your, you know, a contribution to whatever,
is because you allow yourself those spaces in which creativity happens, in which ingenuity happens,
in which real connection happens, in which, you know, and you know that for a fact,
you know for a fact that you're heading to Australia, that you're going to produce
nothing in that trip other than consuming what you've produced before. Correct? Yeah, it's true.
Yeah. And so, and so, so the question is, where is the balance? Is the balance, is the balance in me
loading my calendar for my potential or is the balance in freeing my calendar for my potential or is the balance in freeing my
calendar for my potential so so this year for for example i have i struggled with with two things i
mean my team is an incredible team who are very motivated very very hard working and each carries
a separate responsibility right so they they'd all pull on my availability, right, to get things achieved. And so what do they do? One will pop up and say, I have this incredible guest, you know, this Stephen Bartlett guy is great guy. You should have him on your podcast. You're going to be in London that day. Why don't you invite him off? Right. And then another will say, oh, but hold on, you know, this newspaper wants to talk to you. And then a third will say, oh, but there is this customer that wants you to speak and so on. Right. And what ends up happening
is that you and I don't blame you. And every one of us, when presented with opportunities,
you go like, come on, man, push yourself a little bit. Right. Two things happen. You push yourself
to the point where you end up getting burned out. Okay. By the way,
I say that with love, but especially when you get older, like your body just can't take it anymore. Right. At the same time, what ends up happening is that you're, uh, you're depriving yourself of
the true productivity. The true productivity is that one hour in the morning where you're not
stressed, where your calendar is not loaded, where you sit down and write the perfect email to someone that changes something or make the perfect call to someone that does something for you.
Or you write down a concept that fits in your next book or and so on and so forth.
And that applies to everyone.
It is that one hour in the morning where I make my coffee and I sit with Hannah, my wife, and you connect so deeply.
Right. It's that one hour. And the question is, how valuable is that? where I make my coffee and I sit with Hannah, my wife, and we connect so deeply, right?
It's that one hour.
And the question is, how valuable is that?
How valuable is that hour as compared to the consumption hours?
All of the hours where you're being used
not to realize your potential,
but to react to potential you've already achieved.
And for all of work, I mean,
when I ran my business at Google, I refused to be in meetings openly. I was like, why?
And by the way, I encouraged my people. The idea of showing up in a meeting is just to say,
hey, by the way, I'm here. I clicked in in the morning, stamped my entry card or whatever. I don't know what you call it in English, but I
attended and I'm alive. Look at me. I'm sending an email just so that, you know, I exist,
right? I think in my entire career, 12 years at Google, I sent four emails. I initiated four
emails. Okay. Yes, I responded to emails that basically said, Mo,
what do you think of that? If an email didn't say, Mo, what did you think of that? I wouldn't respond.
Why? They're not asking for my opinion. Why should I? Why weren't you sending,
initiating more emails? Because you initiate one email and you get a shitload of emails back.
Right. And what's the point? Right. Why don't you
just simply tell yourself, hey, by the way, I have no need to prove that I exist. The proof that I
exist is I deliver my numbers. Right. And so when I when I initiated an email, people read it.
So how did you get things done then?
Called people.
Phone calls? Or walks or conversations in the corridors or, you know, a quick like, hey, by the way, what's up with this?
And we had weekly reviews and we had, you know, lots of connections, human connections, right?
By the way, most of the time, nothing requires you to interrupt the flow, most of the time, to interrupt the flow of the week.
Nothing cannot be discussed in the weekly review on Monday.
Right?
And I think that the reality is that we and it's so urgent and it's so important
because we can squeeze out that 5% more efficiency.
Yeah, I give up on the 5% more.
And 95% of the efficiency you can achieve with 20% of the work.
I'm trying to figure out if you have to concede that you will be less
innovative, productive, if you wean yourself off your stress addiction. Because this is obviously
the battle I think I have with myself, if I'm honest. I think I tell myself the story that,
you know, working really, really hard, working all hours and really throwing myself into it
is because I'm going to get close to my potential. And then someday I don't have to work as much, my life
will be free. And these are the kind of, you know, narratives I tell myself, which as I say,
I know I'm like, that's embarrassing. I am so sorry. I laughed. But this is identical to the
story of, you know, there is this very, very interesting fable of the billionaire that goes
to the beach somewhere and he finds a fisherman. And the
fisherman goes fishing and he gets two fish, you know, sells one in the market and then feeds his
family the other one. And so the billionaire goes like, no, no, no, no, no, you're wrong. You're
wrong. You're doing this wrong. You should, you know, go get four fish or as many as you can.
And, you know, and basically sell them in the market and he goes
like why and he says then you can buy a bigger boat and what do i do with a bigger boat you buy
even more you get even more fish right and you know what what do i do with that you sell all of
it and you get a fleet and you know what do you do with the fleet you get even more fish and he says
why and he goes like then you can retire happily and sit on, you know, live in a place near the ocean and go out in your boat every morning.
And the guy goes like, I'm going out in my boat every morning already.
Like, why are you telling me this story?
We've been given a dream.
We've been given a dream.
Okay.
And that dream is more is better.
Faster is better. Faster is better.
We've been given a dream that says,
I need a billion dollars to feel comfortable.
Not really.
I mean, you're not a fancy guy.
You don't drive a Lamborghini, right?
So the truth is,
the truth is we really, really, really can have a much bigger impact.
An impact on what, by the way?
Because if the impact is I'm going to change the world,
is that a better and more important impact than I'm going to hug my daughter?
Because think about it.
Relatively, I'm going to spend time with my girlfriend or my wife.
I'm going to, you know, relatively, it's you succeed at what you set your priority to.
And is there a balance somewhere?
Is there a balance that says,
I'm going to limit my life
to achieve impact, but the 95%, right?
Give up the 5% and save yourself 80% of the effort.
Most people, when people go to work i'm gonna say this it's gonna upset a lot of people but eighty percent of the stuff you do at work is just to prove you're alive
okay twenty percent of what you do at work actually achieves the numbers. Okay. That's the truth of all work generated.
And in your own day, you know, can you actually do it with the objective of I'm going to achieve
100% of my target, 110% of my target, but I'm going to do that with the minimum amount of effort
fairly to my employer. I'm not cheating anyone I'm delivering.
Is the problem that we
don't have a target? Because I don't have a target. So for me, it's because I can, I should.
I maximize whatever I can do to achieve financial gains or, you know, followers gains or numbers on
the podcast and so on. Amazing. Just add a target and say, and I maximize my well-being in the process.
Suddenly the equation becomes incredibly different. It enables you to do this longer.
It enables you to do it more effectively. One of the backbone models of unstressable is something
we call the three L's, limit, learn, and lesson, right? And limit, believe it or not,
is the absolute core of a lot of what we call nuisances. So let me try to explain this at the
very top level. The sources of stress in your life, we call them a ton of stress, T-O-N-N,
right? And, you know, trauma, obsessions, nuisances, and noise.
Trauma happens from outside.
It's a major change in your life,
and it hits you so hard and it breaks you for a short time.
But believe it or not,
91% of people will face at least one,
but often several,
PTSD-inducing traumatic event in their life. That's like the
loss of a loved one or, you know, losing your job so unexpectedly to the point you have to suffer
or whatever, okay? Being in a war zone and so on. Believe it or not, 93% of them will recover within
three months. Trauma is not what breaks us, right? The interesting
stuff that breaks us is the long application of obsessions, nuisances, and trauma and noise.
Obsessions are macro issues that you tell yourself don't exist in the real world at all.
Okay. Like I have a belly, a little belly, so no one will ever love me. You can obsess about this for the rest of your life.
And make it your life story and basically create a lot of stress as a result of that script that you told yourself.
Nuisances are the little ones, the little forms of that.
Things that are triggered every day by you passing in front of the mirror as you walk
out of the door and you go like, oh man, you're still that or whatever, right? Believe it or not,
most of our stress, however, comes because of what we call nuisances. Nuisances are stressors
that don't break you. They're not trauma. Okay. But there are so many of them that you include
in your life. So many of them,
when Alice wrote, you know, the limit bit of the, of the chapter, she, she wrote a beautiful script
about the first five minutes or 10 minutes of your day. And she started to count the stressors
that you trigger in your life in those minutes from the very loud alarm, right. To the, to the,
you know, opening your, your social media and seeing something upsetting the, you know, opening your social media and seeing something upsetting or,
you know, opening WhatsApp and getting a message you don't like and so on and so forth, right?
And this is five minutes, 10 minutes before you even had your coffee, you get 10, 15 stressors.
The trick is how beneficial for your life have those been? And if we're aware, if we're able to
look at those stressors and say, hold aware, if we're able to look at those
stressors and say, hold on, I'm going to take an inventory of all of the things that stressed me
last week. Okay. A genuinely honest inventory. And I'm going to tell myself, oh, by the way,
I don't need this. I don't need this. I don't need this. I don't need this. Right. My commute.
If I leave 10 minutes early, would it be easier? If I leave 10 minutes late, would it be
easier? If I take music or the Diary of the CEO podcast with me, would it become easier, right?
And if you actually attentively, deliberately look at all of the nuisances in your life,
how many of them can you limit? Countless. I promise you, you can limit countless nuisances.
You can remove that friend that's annoying you, okay?
By simply texting them and saying,
I don't want to be your friend anymore.
Or simply winding down the conversations.
Or when they send you something
or talk to you about something,
you go like, oh, very interesting, right?
Instead of engaging in those things,
can you limit the,
you know, the amount of junk food you let into your life? Can you limit the amount of
restrictions and control that you apply to yourself in your life and millions of little things?
A lot of them feel like obligations.
Do they really? Yeah. Yeah. Do you want to live out of obligation?
Do you know what I mean? Friendships feel like obligations. We've committed to do something,
go to an event, take part in a charity, whatever it is, you know, and they feel like obligations
now. So we feel like we have to see it through, even if it's causing us stress or discomfort.
It's amazing coming from you because you're one of the most shrewd business people I know.
I'm not even talking about myself. Although actually I am talking about myself
because some of the things I was thinking about
do feel like obligations.
And I do wish I could just...
And how do you do that in business, Steve?
I know you really well.
You'd say a straight no without explanation.
You wouldn't even apologize.
It's the things that I've already managed to tie myself in
because, you know, old Steve
overestimated future Steve's capacity. Old Mo and future Mo. Old Steve stitches up future
Steve because, you know, old Steve is super ambitious and he doesn't understand there's
only 24 hours a day. And, you know, I mean, I'm not immune to this. It's actually my biggest issue. My biggest challenge is, this beginning of this year,
I sat down and I realized I had 18 full-time jobs.
Sounds familiar, right?
And I cut them down to nine, right?
And I went to everyone I love and I celebrated
and I said, look, I cut them down by 50%.
And they looked at me and said,
there's still nine.
You must have had to upset some people.
I simply said,
that's it, we're not doing this project.
You're going to hurt some people's feelings there.
The truth is, by the way, I think we're talking at your life and my life,
but this applies to everyone listening, right?
You have this person that constantly calls you and says, hey, let's go out for coffee. And the coffee's annoying like hell, right? You have this person that constantly calls you and says, hey, let's go
out for coffee. And the coffee's annoying like hell, right? And you're like, yeah, but I've known
them for 20 years and they're really lovely. I swear to you, I had one of my really close,
wonderful friends who was really, really struggling with his ego. So most of the conversations would be around him trying to prove
that he's good enough. And I had a lovely conversation with him. I said,
at the end of one of those coffee meetings, I said, I think we shouldn't meet again.
He said, what do you mean you're traveling? I said, no, no. Every time I sit next to you,
you make me miserable. And he said, why? And I said, because you're constantly trying to do A, B, and C.
Can you change that, please?
Right?
Simple.
If he managed to change it, I would have stayed.
He didn't manage to change it.
We met again, and I said, look, I love you very much,
and I think we should be friends,
but not to the point where we meet every Sunday.
It doesn't make any sense for me to volunteer part of my Sunday to suffer. Right? And it is actually quite possible to do
that lovingly by saying, look, I realize that you are in this stage. It's not my responsibility to
take you out of it, by the way. That's not what friends are for. My responsibility as a friend is to be there when
you ask me a specific thing that relates to what you're going through that I'm capable of providing.
But just sitting there for four hours to listen to something that I'm not able to change doesn't
make any sense, right? And some of our listeners will be stuck in that relationship, right? That
is really abusive or really not, you know, effective.
And what are they doing?
It's an obligation, you know, we've been together for years.
It's, you know, he or she is not that bad.
Is that the truth?
You know, can you make choices that simply say,
I will put my well-being, my mental well-being first. What is the short-term cost of
putting ourselves first? Because that's often the thing that prevents us doing it, is there is a
clear short-term cost. I understand the long-term gain potentially, but the short-term thing is the
thing that keeps us in prison. So Hannah, my wonderful wife is a therapist. So therapy is not a topic, you know,
psychology is not a topic I researched heavily. So she's teaching me quite a bit. And one of the
biggest eye openers for me is that she said, we love consistency, we hate change, even if change
is good for us. Okay, so if we, you know, follow a script that says, I am ugly, or I am not good enough or whatever, changing that script, that script is painful. But changing that script is more painful, because your survival mechanism says, I'm familiar with this pain, I know how to deal with this pain. I don't want the uncertainty. Right? So, you know, the way we started this podcast and you asked me what is the most
stressful thing about the modern world is that unfamiliarity of the future where we're unable
to know what it looks like. And so we resist. We resist the change. We say, look, I am in this
place. I know how to do it very well. It's hurting my back. It's keeping me on long flights. It's doing this, it's doing that, but I'm really very familiar with it. Okay. I always make a big joke about this.
When I was leaving Google X, so I, uh, I was, um, you know, obviously soul for happy was booming
one, you know, my, my 1 billion happy mission was 10 million happy when we started the first print of the book.
And 10 million took eight weeks.
Like you have to tell yourself, sorry for my English, fuck Google.
Like, you know, I have to focus on this, right?
But when I was leaving Google, and Google was so kind to me, and I was very fortunate,
and I made a reasonable amount of money, don't have most of it now anymore.
But at the time, I started to tell myself, but what about the future of I and my daughter?
Okay.
But what about my ex and her needs?
What about this?
What about that?
Do I have the financial resources to do this?
Typical engineer, I started that spreadsheet.
Okay.
Put every possible expense, put every possible, you know, source of revenue and so on.
And it appeared to be OK. Right.
And so my brain volunteers to tell me, oh, but hold on, Mo.
What if there is a nuclear war because the, you know, the Iranians don't agree with the Americans
and that the nuclear dust comes to Dubai so your real estate portfolio in Dubai gets wiped out?
And what will happen then? And yeah, if you want to continue to hold on to your, you know, safety mechanisms,
you're going to end up in a place where there is always something that could go wrong.
And the answer was, if that happens, I think I'll be a lot more concerned about other things than
how much revenue I'm making at the time.
Right.
And the truth is for every single one of us, we are afraid of the change.
So we stick to the familiar.
Okay.
And the familiar could be killing us.
And it's quite interesting that we know it could be killing us.
Whatever scale you are in in the world, right?
You know, you're studying something you're not enjoying.
But it's familiar.
I went on that path.
It's been three years already.
Right?
And I'm not saying jump and say, that's it and start over.
That consistency matters.
But tell yourself, I have one more year to finish.
I'll finish this year with the minimum effort to achieve the result.
And I'll start to look at other parts of my life by reinvesting my hours.
Right. You know, you're stuck in that relationship, but dating is horrible. I don't want to leave that person.
Yeah. But, you know, if it's not working that sooner or later, you're going to leave the person.
Right. And I think my story and your stories are great examples of what
happens when you leave that person. I mean, not yours, but mine, like when you're available,
so that when the right person shows up, you're there. If you're, you know, your true obligation
to yourself is to put yourself in those situations of uncertainty that you chose calculated risks,
rather than let the world push you. You know, like Alice
constantly speaks about the world will always push you to either heal or change direction.
Okay. Quite interestingly, the way we write both of us is very, very interesting because Alice is,
you know, so soft and feminine and spiritual in her writing. And I'm a freaking engineer,
like everything to me is an equation and a bullet point and so on.
So I always say the world will push you
to change direction or to learn.
Brainiac.
She says the world will push you
to change direction or to heal.
They're more or less the same.
But learning is like sort of the brainiac process of it.
And healing is the...
So why not?
Why not get yourself in the place
where the world wants you to be
so that you heal or change direction?
Why not make that decision yourself?
So many of us contend with loss aversion, don't we?
And this is...
Yeah.
Daniel Kahneman, he passed away,
I think three or four days ago.
Did he?
Yeah.
He's a real...
He was an amazing writer, an amazing thinker.
He was incredible.
Really, really incredible individual
that's inspired so many people,
including myself in so many ways.
But I remember that paper he produced,
I think in the 1980s about loss aversion.
I know, the paintings.
Yeah, yeah, yeah.
You remember that?
Yeah, yeah.
And in that work where he discovers the term loss aversion,
he talks about how humans need the gain
to be two to three times bigger than the thing they lose.
Than the possible loss, yeah.
Yeah, so the pain we experience from losing 10 pounds on the floor
or $10 on the floor isn't equal to the pleasure we experience from finding 10.
We have to find 20 or 30 to equal the pain of losing 10.
And that speaks, I think, in some part to why people stay in the situation they're in
because for me to go after a better relationship,
it better appear to be two to three times better
than the one I'm going to lose or the job.
It has to appear to be two to three times better
than the one I'm sacrificing.
And that almost keeps us pinned down.
I actually did a bit of research a couple of years ago
as to why we have loss aversion,
like what's the evolutionary basis?
And the best answer I could find was that
we come from a background of trading
with like other apes and stuff.
And there's often a risk
that the person might not trade back.
So we factor that into the trade.
We factor in the probability
that it won't be an equal trade.
Life's not an equal trade.
We pursue things and we don't get them.
And I think that's part of what's holding us
in situations that aren't serving us
and in the't get them. And I think that's part of what's holding us in situations that aren't serving us and in the stress you describe. It's surprising though, if you look
back at your life and you really take a factual view of the history of your life, most of the
time when you lost something, you opened up a space that allowed something else to walk in,
right? This is the truth of life, right? If you,
you know, if you lose a job, that's the only time where you're allowed to actually
find another job. It's a shame hindsight doesn't have the wisdom of foresight.
Because your brain is a survival mechanism. Your brain is constantly ignoring all of that,
all that you've learned and saying there could be a nuclear war.
Right. And it's quite interesting when you really think about it, because I always say, if your worst fear have ever, fears have ever happened, you wouldn't be here right now.
OK. And by the way, if some of them happened, surprisingly, you're still here.
Isn't that interesting? So yes, your worst fear happened and you made it because you never
factor in the reality of how resilient you actually are. And I think that the trick really
is also not the fact that we should be a little conservative and concerned about certain things,
but how much of our life should we be concerned about? Like if you, if you really rank the things that are important in your life,
how many of them actually matter enough so that you don't make the change? Four, five, right?
But we hold on to 200,000 other things below the four or five, 200, let's say 2000.
Realistically for each and every one of us that, you know, my Hannah,
when Hannah came to my home the first time,
she looked at my home and she said, Oh, Hannah, Hannah is my wife.
Yeah.
I fell in love badly, badly.
And, and, you know, and again, because I had space in my life,
just remember that. We're going to talk about that later
are we really?
are we going to talk about Unstressable at all?
when she came to my home the first time
she said
oh
because she follows my podcast
and she knows my work
and so on
she said
oh you're not a minimalist
you're a minimalist wannabe
and I said
what do you mean?
because I am reasonably minimalist,
right? But she has that, you know, attitude to things where she says, it's only going to come
into my life if I truly love it, truly love it. Like, you know, I have 16 types of tea in my
cupboard. Some of them I've never tasted, right? She has two, but she really loves them, right?
And I think that's the trick.
The trick is when you rank life,
you hold on to that, you know, box of Earl Grey
that you bought a year ago and, you know,
you're like, yeah, I'll drink it one day.
Will you really, right?
You hold on to that friend that you met when you were four and you
know, yeah, this changed, you changed. Right? But we hold on to those things. And the trick is,
can we actually let go of those things? Can we leave the space for other things to come in,
or for us to chill and find expansion in our life? Right? So I, you know, I used to have that attitude of trying every
Saturday to throw 10 things away from my home. Okay? Believe it or not, endlessly, endlessly,
you can throw 10 things or give away 10 things from your home. You know, last Saturday, I had
this beautiful humidifier, you know, just to make the room a little more
humid. Okay. And I was like, should I keep it? Should I throw it away? Should I keep it? Should
I throw it away? And then I plugged it in and it didn't work. I haven't used it for like a year
and a half. And you have to imagine that so many of those things are there. They're bugging you
down. They're stressing your life. So if they're not used, they're stressing you. And you can choose to leave them, just leave them behind. Do you believe that? Do
you believe that if you're not using it, even if it's just sat there, that it's stressing you out?
A hundred percent. And it's actually, and you're depriving it of the opportunity to live.
So think about, I know this is philosophical, but a humidifier is supposed to humidify, right?
It's not supposed to sit there and look pretty.
If you're not using it, someone else will use it, right?
And believe it or not, the simple impact of when they're using it, you save them the need to actually buy another one, right?
And in doing that, you might have contributed a tiny bit to
our planet. And, you know, the hoarding that we have in our lives, the number of things that we
keep, you know, I love Arabic incense and like everything. And you see sometimes silly things
like, you know, it's so what each of those is like $10. I had like 14 different cents, right? And then I realized, you know what? Anytime I light an incense, I light one. Okay. And when I need to order another one, I'll get it within one day. So when this one is about to finish, and I've really enjoyed it, really loved it, I'll order another one. Limit. You're supposed to constantly limit the number of things in your life.
By the way, you know, you may think it's not taking away from your life,
but it's taking space.
It's taking attention.
It's taking the space of something else.
It's, you know, requiring you to deal with it, clean it, dust it.
It's just, why?
Is this what you refer to in that stress quadrant from Unstressable
as noise? Noise? No, noise is what happens from within your head. Okay. So it's little stressors
that you don't, that don't happen in the real world. Okay. It's little stressors that, you know,
when I'm, when I'm looking at myself in the mirror or when I'm driving and thinking about, oh, you messed up on that thing, right?
It's generated.
So the ton of stress is very straightforward.
It is external and internal, macro and micro.
So if you look at stress coming from within you or from outside you, right, internal and external.
And if you look at
it coming from a small reason of stress or a big reason of stress, the great example is trauma is
macro external. Macro meaning it's a very, very high stressful impact, you know, very significant
comes from outside you. We don't cause ourselves trauma. Something else causes us trauma, right?
That trauma capital T here.
And yeah, so it's noise is micro.
It's like that constant nagging in your head.
Like, you know, you need to,
your hair is starting to show white.
Like so constant nagging.
It's like you're getting old.
Okay.
It's small.
It doesn't kill you.
But if you say it every day, it starts to become quite significant.
Which actually is really, I think the most interesting part of stress is to understand that stress is very good for you.
Right.
Until it kills you.
And I think what most people don't understand is that there are only three ways where stress
will break you. One is trauma outside you, but we said you'll recover very quickly. The other is
burnout. And the third is anticipation of stress. Okay. And these two are completely within your
control. So trauma is outside your control, but 93% will recover in three months. 96% will recover
in six months. and most of us will
actually get post-traumatic growth. So post-trauma, you'll be fine. Okay, the majority of how stress
kills us is burnout, which is a large, a very large number of small stressors. So the burnout
equation, as I wrote it in the book, is the number of stressors multiplied by the intensity of each
multiplied by the time of application of each multiplied by the frequency of application.
So take a commute, for example, if you commute is one stressor multiplied by if it's a two hours
commute, and it's very annoying, and you're surrounded by people, it's very intense. Okay.
And if you have to do it twice a day, it's very different than if you do it
four times a day. Okay. And if you have to do it every day, it's very different than if you have
to do it once a week. So you add all of those up the sigma of all of those, when that reaches the
breaking point of what you can carry as a human, you'll break. Right. And normally you'll break
because of a tiny thing like your best friend goes like, hey, chubby.
And you go like, what?
I can't take this anymore.
And you cannot go out of bed anymore.
You know, previously you would go like, yeah, skinny, whatever.
You would just laugh about it.
And I think the trick is to save yourself from burnout.
It's not that one last stressor, right?
It is all of the other 400 stressors that piled up
so that when that last one is applied, you break, right?
And it is quite interesting
because we normally never break because of stress.
It's not the event that breaks us, okay?
So one of the, of the
interesting topics in Unstressable is, is of course, Alice in her very spiritual soft, you know,
practice approach, you know, wrote her, her parts of the book. And I was like, Alice, I just still
don't get it. And she said, what don't you get? And in my approach, I said, in physics, right,
stress is very defined. Stress is very clear in physics, right? An object is stressed.
When you stress an object, you apply a force to a square area, to the cross section of
the object, right? The object, the stress is not just the result of the force. It's not the external stressor, the external challenge or threat that we face that stresses us.
It's your square area that also plays in that equation.
So basically, our stress as humans, if you apply the same concept of physics,
is the intensity of the challenges that you face,
divided by the skills and resources
and the abilities that you have to deal with that stress, right? So the stress equation is
your, you know, the challenge divided by the resources, okay? And that's why someone, you know,
like you may be able to carry things that would make someone freak out. It's the reason why someone like me would, you know,
laugh about things that made me freak out in my 20s.
Right?
Because you, not because the event is different,
it's because you increased your resources.
So how does someone increase their resources?
Because I think everybody listening to this now,
either they're that person or they know someone who flaps.
Yeah.
When things get a little bit tricky, they flap.
Yeah.
And when I'm saying flap, if you don't know what I'm saying, I mean like they panic or they worry or they have like a bit of a meltdown.
But panic and worry is a different topic.
We should absolutely cover that.
Okay.
Right?
So panic and worry is breaking down under the anticipation of threats.
Yeah.
Okay. But when it comes to dealing with stress, right? So panic and worry is breaking down under the anticipation of threats. Yeah.
Okay.
But when it comes to dealing with stress, right, you know, I don't know how to say it, but someone at work when I used to be in the corporate world would walk in and say,
oh, the CEO has changed.
You know, we've been working on this deal for the last nine months and the CEO has changed.
Everything has collapsed.
And I'm like, no, it hasn't. No, I've done 200 deals in my life where the CEO has changed and
have to rebuild your network and you have to do this and that and so on. I mean,
I think the most valuable example I remember in my life is to the 2008 crisis. So when I joined
Google, my boss, which I really adore at the time, he was so direct and very shrewd. And so
the introduction when I joined the management meeting the first day is he says, Hey, everyone,
this is Mo. He's bringing the average age of the company up. And I was like, one more sentence,
please, like, please say something else. He didn't. That was it. The introduction is he's
bringing the average age of the company up. But when the economic crisis of 2008 happened,
Google completely panics.
And the older group goes like,
it's not the first time.
We've seen economic crisis before.
It's cyclical.
This is what happens.
Maybe we should behave this way, right?
It's the same event,
but you have more resources because you've seen it over and over, right?
So it's your accountability as a person
to tell yourself that I need to learn the techniques,
okay, that I need to understand
to be able to manage stress.
And the way we wrote them in Unstressable
is we said, you get stressed in four modalities.
You get stressed mentally,
get stressed emotionally, physically, or spiritually.
Okay, and each of those is a different,
I don't know how to say a different language course. So your mental stress speaks to you
and responds to you in a language that is different than your emotional stress.
It's different than your physical stress. That's different than your spiritual stress. Okay. But
if you learn that language, then you can easily deal with that stress when it happens
okay and it's simple techniques like you know we probably should cover as many of them as we can
but take the simplest thing mental stress is the kind of stress that wakes you up at 4 a.m at night
because a thought is running through your head you can't stop it right simple techniques are
write the thought down,
okay? Promise yourself that you're going to think about it in the morning before you go to bed.
And most of the time, if you simply let the thought reside on paper, it won't reside in your
head. Okay? And keep the promise. So when you wake up the next morning, actually think about
that thought that you made the promise to your brain that you will.
Simple technique.
And there are hundreds of those. We have in the mental stress space, for example, we have something we call the gym.
G-Y-M-M-M-M-M-M.
So eight different practices, right?
And the trick here is learn that technique, apply that technique,
and you will be able to deal with stress a little bit
better. Okay. And, you know, creating a support network, your ability to question your thoughts,
you know, I have a technique that I call meet Becky, the idea that you allow your brain to
express things and share them rather than block them, and so on and so forth. Right. And, and,
and that skill in mental stress is very, very different than emotional stress.
Okay. Because your brain speaks to you all the time. It rarely ever, if, if, if at all ever
tells you the truth, that's the language that your brain speaks. It only tells you what it
thinks is the truth. Okay. Your emotions speak to you all the time and it's always the truth,
right? So if, if you're afraid,
you're afraid. There is no lying about that. Okay. But the problem is that emotions are so
subtle. They're so blended. They're brushstrokes of multiple emotions overlaid on each other.
And we're told not to acknowledge them at all. So we don't even respond to the language right your body speaks in in in in
aches and and pains okay what why that smile before you go to australia right but but but
yeah but we ignore it completely we go like this is normal this is not it's normal to have aches
and pains you know i'm traveling for 16 hours must have aches and pains, right? No, you must not.
You have aches and pains because you're stressing your body, okay?
But if your body is your priority, you're not going to have the aches and pains, right?
Your spirit would cry through its intuition.
I mean, spirit here is not a religious thing, right?
But your non-physical part, call it your consciousness,
the part that doesn't relate to your physical form, okay?
It sends you signals all the time related to your purpose
and what you're supposed to be doing through your intuition.
How many of us listen to our intuition when we're running through life?
And so when these are skills, this is the entire body of the book,
the skills of how do you build your resources in terms of spotting by listening to the language that
the modality speaks to you, spotting that you're being stressed. And then how do you actually
speak back to it and deal with it with the resources that you need so that you're not
that stressed anymore? How do we know? How do we spot our own stress? Because it's hard, isn't it?
When we've told ourselves a different story
about the feeling or that sensation.
We tell ourselves different stories about it.
We say, you know, this ache or pain is good
because it means growth
or this burnout or this anxiety is good
because it means productivity.
But how do we truly know that we are,
we've pushed ourselves too far?
I think the easiest one to recognize,
believe it or not, is physical stress.
Physical stress is undeniable.
It is when you have a sore throat,
you know something's wrong.
Yeah.
And you tell yourself something's wrong.
Okay?
When you have back pain, you know something's wrong. Yeah. And you tell yourself something's wrong. Okay. When you have back pain,
you know, something's wrong. Yeah. But you don't tell yourself something's wrong.
Okay. And the symptoms of physical stress are very straightforward, you know, digestive issues,
headaches, you're unable to sleep very well, you're unable to rest when you sleep and so on.
And so it's very simple. Your body theoretically is a machine that should work seamlessly. Okay. Unless there is a disease
or an illness or whatever, it should work seamlessly. It should simply be like a luxury
car. You run it and it runs. Right. If it starts to shake and you know, and it's not performing
well, you have to stop and say, what is going on? And every, every stress
will give you a slightly different physical signature, right? Anxiety is felt in your stomach,
right? You know, fear is all over your body. You just want to run. You feel that like you can feel
it. The trick is how do you get embodied? How do you allow yourself to sit with your body and say,
so, you know, Alice writes about a very normal practice is a body scan.
And so few of us do it.
You know, on a long flight, you should sit with your body and go like,
okay, close your eyes, you know, take a deep breath
and scan your body from your top of your head all the way to your
toes and see where it hurts. Right. And ask yourself how much more effective in your mission
would you be if it doesn't hurt? I think this is the part that a lot of workaholics,
you know, you described it as an addiction earlier. earlier now if you sat down with someone who had another
form of addiction and told them this like logically they'd refuse it yeah they'd say yeah
i know this injecting this thing in me is bad but addictions are complicated emotional states aren't
they they're like deep psychological emotional states and obviously there's a chemical element
to it but often we find um that there's a trauma or there's an underlying issue with self-esteem or whatever it might be
that's causing it so although there's many people listening to this now including myself that go
okay i know what you're saying is true but i part of me thinks i'm a little bit dragged
and not very driven so So I never had as much control.
You?
But that's kind of what I imagine
a lot of people's like rebuttal is to that.
It's like, yeah, I know this.
Like someone said to me before that,
you know, I'm embodying the listener now.
People have told me that I need to stop.
And I'm thinking of some of my best friends.
Some of my best friends are literally like,
they're killing themselves because of their work.
And like, objectively, if you ask them, they'd say, I'm killing myself some of my best friends. Some of my best friends are literally like, they're killing themselves because of their work. And like, objectively, if you ask them,
they'd say, I'm killing myself because of this work.
What's your favorite band?
I think is Kanye.
And I have to separate the art from the individual
for any reason.
But it's the art.
It's the pushing boundaries,
making things that are unapologetically unique.
You know, this already makes this episode quite a very useful one. But theoretically, if Kanye is
performing in London tonight, would you go? Yes.
Yeah. You'd find the time. Yeah.
Yeah. It's a lie. We tell ourselves we're too busy. It's a lie. We're not. Okay. Anyone who's too busy
has not watched Game of Thrones. Because if you allowed yourself to watch Game of Thrones,
that's like 600 hours of your life. Okay. You're not too busy. Right. Anyone who's too busy. This
is the interesting bit. The interesting bit is if you are too busy, okay,
when you get home, you're unable to do anything, right? And you waste three hours binge watching
something or completely brain dead, right? The truth is that those three hours are wasted three
hours. You could actually waste them during the day. they're wasted anyway, and use them differently when you
get home. The truth is we're not too busy. And the problem is this, and I rarely ever use threats as
a motivation, but the problem is you're going to put in the time. You're going to put in the time
by working on your stress beforehand or lying in bed when you're burnt out.
That's the truth.
The truth is your, you know, the body keeps the score, you know, the book, right?
Eventually your body is going to go, can't do this anymore, right?
Your mind is going to say, I just, I just can't deal with this.
And even I'm, you know, I'm theoretically trained in this my whole life.
I've managed very, very complex, very stressful jobs.
I run so many things at the same time. And I will tell you openly, I burn out at the end of every book launch.
I'm hoping this year I'm not.
Okay.
But that's the truth.
The truth is, I I will eventually after running really
hard for three weeks I will eventually spend the week and a half unable to do anything
on average that means I work the week and a half so why do you keep doing it yourself
I work because of what you're because of what you and I struggle with we assign to ourselves
things beforehand right this year I'm saying I may not get there.
Why?
Because when I'm publishing,
so we're filming this long before Unstressable, right?
And at the same time, when the publication date happens,
I'm doing nothing during those two weeks
or two and a half weeks, nothing but Unstressable.
Very unlike the typical me,
right? The typical me thinks of himself as Superman. I'm super old man now, right? And
it's quite interesting because at the end of the day, if I plug so many things in my life,
eventually, eventually, believe it or not, you balance it out. What about the people who really don't have a choice?
Is there anybody that doesn't have a choice?
You know, I'm thinking about the people that work on the factory line and they're
providing, they're working two jobs, providing for a family that are struggling.
What about those people?
First of all, I think these are the most honorable,
commended people that we can ever talk about.
But I will, before I talk about them, I'll ask you to think about how blessed you are.
Okay.
And everyone who's not in that position, anyone who's not in a war zone, anyone who was not
born to a very, very difficult circumstances, right?
If you're not one of those,
then ask yourself,
why are you pushing yourself so hard?
Right?
Now, if you're one of those people,
remember, it's limit, learn and listen.
Okay?
If your external circumstances don't,
you're not able to change them,
you can change your ability to deal with the stress.
Mo, I have to ask you a question. You know me. You've come to know me, we've known each other for years now. You know, you've observed my life, you kind of understand all the pieces in my life,
you understand what I do here. You've also seen behind the scenes, you know, how obsessive I am
about the things that I'm involved in. What is the bullshit that I'm telling myself? Of all the
people that could like
do you know what I'm saying
I've actually pondered this for some time
because I do have moments where I go
Steve you don't have to work anymore
you don't have to
you're not gonna like
nothing I'm gonna accomplish in my life
is gonna make me any more anything
really to myself
it's not gonna make me happier that's for sure
it's not gonna mean that I can live better in any way
so why am I like why am I doing this?
What is the bullshit I'm telling myself?
You don't have a ceiling.
Your structure doesn't have a ceiling.
So I told you before we started this conversation,
so you and I make a reasonable amount of revenue from speaking engagements,
for example. So my policy was very straightforward. When I started my mission, One Billion Happy,
I openly said, I'm going to go to any place that has more than 50 people and I'm going to speak
for free. Right. And then I met my wonderful business manager, Munir. And when you said,
that's not right. I said, what do you do you mean and he said if it's a profit making
organization okay that's going to hire you or if it's a paying event so they're going to use you
and then sell tickets you should charge them okay that's the cycle the complete cycle of life
otherwise go and speak for free right and that tiny change created revenue. Right. The question is how much revenue
is enough? Because I was willing to do it for free. Remember that? So in my conversation with
Munir, very, very professional, also a brother to me, said Munir, he said, this is the target
for this year. I said, if I give you the restriction of 20 travel days for the year or 20 trips, basically, would you be able to make that target? He said, well, in that case, we're going to have to change the dynamics and we're going to have to maybe can we make them 25? No, I said 20 trips a year. Okay. Everything else I can do online, everything else I can do, right? The question is, where's the ceiling?
The boundary.
Where's the boundary? Right? And boundaries are not set by the world for you. The world will keep pushing you.
Right? You and I talk about our lives, which are not typical lives. But where's the boundary, if any of our listeners, where's your boundary with your friends?
Okay, where's your boundary with the arguments with your partner?
Where's your boundary with, you know, the challenges that you are willing to accept at work?
Right?
Where's your boundaries?
Let me play devil's advocate then. So you've made a limit.
You know, you said, I'll do, what's it, 20?
Yeah, 20 trips a year.
You'll do 20 trips a year.
Okay.
So devil's advocate would be,
well, Mo, if you did 40,
or if you did 30,
you'd make X amount more money.
And that money can be put towards your mission
of making a million people
unstressable. If you just did a little bit more, you'd be closer to achieving your mission.
The truth is, if I made only 20 and I created a program online, I'd create more revenue from that
and I can put that revenue to unstressable, but it would reach more people at the same time.
Do you think part of this,
I was just thinking as you started to interrupt,
but I was thinking,
I think part of it with me
is I'm really good at measuring
and it's really easy
if we use the case of speaking appointments,
it's really easy to measure the gain
and it's very difficult to measure the loss or the cost.
Yeah, you're constantly driven by opportunity cost.
Yeah.
If you sell your health and well-being for revenue,
it's always opportunity cost.
It's always opportunity cost.
It's always, but they're paying me X.
How can I leave that on the table?
Okay.
You leave that on the table because you don't need X.
Right.
And two, because X, the true cost of X is not three hours or an hour that you speak the true
cost of x is your well-being your health what you're selling is your time is your joy is your
health that's what you're selling you You're not selling your intellectual property. And your relationships.
And your relationships.
Okay.
I told you I fell in love.
And suddenly everything became very different.
Because in all honesty,
yeah, I'd lose a speaking engagement
to spend an extra day with my wife.
We have the most incredible conversations, right?
She enlightens me on so many different ways
and i can promise you you know finders keepers my book about love when i sit with hannah
and she and she teaches me about psychology and the impact of psychology on dating
that wasn't part of my approach at all.
Okay.
So believe it or not, that day is eventually going to create a book or a training or whatever
that's going to change more people's life than anything I could do with money.
Remember, by the way, the other side of this is that our biggest resource, you know, when
we were at Google, I had this
conversation at a point in time with people and I said, why does google.org contribute money?
Why don't we contribute code? We're so much better at producing code
than any other organization that can contribute money. Can, can we write disaster recovery
software? Can we write disaster recovery software?
Can we write this?
Can we code that?
That becomes our contribution, right?
What is your contribution?
I would say, I love you.
You're so dear to me.
I'd say you're not observing the season.
Your first contribution in your 20s was you with your energy, with your drive.
I mean, look at your books.
More and more and more maturity, more and more deliverables,
very cleverly thought through.
Look at what you do here.
If you don't mind me saying, Steve, this is your biggest contribution.
This could happen in a week a quarter
now you do two a week
mad
absolutely mad
absolutely mad I love you
but two a week you're
stressing yourself and you're stressing the listeners
the only reason why
you do two a week is because it gives you
more views.
Where's the rush? And it's your
life that's being traded
for listeners.
So you're saying...
I'm sorry. I know you
really well. You know how you love your
girlfriend. How much time did you spend with her
in the last quarter?
Not enough.
And how much of it was completely
attentively restful?
Oh my God.
Even less.
Yeah.
Significantly less.
I flew over here with my daughter.
So my daughter was in Dubai.
She came to London with me.
Best nine hours ever.
Ever. Ever.
Okay?
What would I have been doing
with that time on the flight?
Writing, thinking,
responding to emails.
What a waste of life.
What a waste of life.
You see, the trick is,
we said the stress equation
is the external challenges
divided by the resources you have to deal with them.
How many of the external challenges do we create?
How many of those do we invite in our life?
How many of those are the result of us not setting boundaries?
And the question is, is to achieve what
to achieve what right i i had a very dear friend of mine that uh uh was in a relationship that
was horrible okay and i said why are you there and she said well we share the same apartment
can't leave him because you know i can't afford rent on my own. I said, roommate. How is that challenging? Okay. How is that challenging? Why would you allow yourself to go through this when there are alternatives? I was wondering if people's childhood plays a big role in their bias towards,
you know, this workholism, this sort of self-inflicted stress disease
that many of us put ourselves through.
Because, you know, like first and second generation immigrants
who, where their mother or their father was fighting for survival,
they almost like inherit that belief that life and work is about survival.
Even though it's not objectively true anymore.
It's not objectively true for me,
but I still feel like I've got my mother's survival thing in me.
And coupled with that, I've got a lot of like shame
from being different when I was younger and trying to fit in
and being the only black kid and chemically relaxing my hair
and listening to the kooks and the arctic monkeys
to pretend I was a white, you know, rich person.
Those are the only two bands I know
because those are the ones I used to pretend to listen to.
And I just wonder for those people,
it feels like, you know,
when I said how am I bullshitting myself earlier to you,
I was expecting you to say something about
you think, i.e. you would say to you, I was expecting you to say something about you think, you would say to me, I think that
I've connected my work to my self-esteem and my self-worth in some deep way.
And I'm still trying to fight for my like sense of self-worth. I'm still trying to convince myself
that I'm enough with my work. And people, you know, this is in some respects
why we all just like take the promotion.
We take the opportunity.
I think about this.
How many people decline a promotion
because they consider the implications it'll have on their family or their, you know?
One of my favorite chapters in Happy Sexy Millionaire
was how you quit your CEO job.
Yeah.
And when you really look at that,
you basically were saying, it's killing me.
There was no joy in it anymore.
Yeah.
And it's quite interesting.
The challenge for most of us humans
is that we're very capable
on achieving what we set our mind to.
The question is always, what do we set our mind to. The question is always,
what do we set our mind to?
Okay.
If you ask me,
you're in a treadmill.
Yeah.
You're like, you know, that hamster wheel.
Yeah.
Okay.
And there is no ceiling.
So the hamster wheel is basically saying,
I'm here.
I'm going to run like mad.
I'm really, I'm a very good hamster.
Okay.
And as long as you're in that wheel, you're going to run like mad and you're very capable.
You keep running.
To achieve what?
That's the whole question.
When do we put our well-being in the equation?
Later.
So I'll tell you very openly, one of the most interesting thoughts I have in my life. Who did I interview recently? I don't remember, but remember when we spoke about
heartbeats? Yeah. Okay. Heartbeats are your only resource. This is the only asset you come to the world with, right?
And you may think, you know, you're healthy,
you're, you know, athletic,
that you have, let's say, 40 more years of full energy.
Truth, that's true.
But how many more years do you have in your 20s?
None, gone, right? And the question is, how many more years will you have in your 30s? Because this season of life is very different.
Okay, I hope I'll be able to continue to contribute for maybe 10, 15 more years, right?
How many will I be able to contribute with the same sharpness of mind
and the same ability to beat the machines?
Right?
Three?
That's when it starts to become quite interesting.
I told you this story before,
when my son Habibi Ali died,
Ibel sat next to me, my ex-wife.
She was flipping through a photo album.
She said, oh my God, he was such a beautiful infant.
And then he died.
I was like, what is she talking about?
Like he died when he was 21. And she said, and then he died. I was like, what is she talking about? Like, he died when he was 21.
And she said, and then he became this beautiful child,
as she's flipping through the album,
and then he died.
And then this young man showed up, the teenager.
And then the teenager died.
Right?
And I just couldn't get what she's saying
until eventually she said,
and then there was this handsome, tall, wonderful man.
And that actually really died.
Okay.
And the truth is, my son, as an infant, was there for two years.
If you pass those two years, you never get them again.
Never get them again.
Right.
Then, you know, he starts to mess his words and is so funny and so loving and so, you know, cuddly.
But he does that for two years.
And then they're gone and you never get them again.
And, you know, you get the child,
but then the child becomes the teenager
and you never get any of them again.
And yet we tell ourselves, yeah,
fine, fine, fine.
When I'm done building whatever it is that I set myself
as an objective to build,
I'll hug them.
Oh my God, I promise you.
I was sitting, I hope Aya doesn't listen to this.
I was sitting next to Aya on the flight
asking myself,
why the F did I not
take her on every flight?
Your daughter? Yeah.
Why did I not take her on
every flight? Like, what
more joy could I get in life?
And
the reasons why
are because of illusions that we
tell ourselves. Oh, no,
no, no, I'm busy. Oh, no, it's expensive. Oh, no, no, no, I'm busy.
Oh, no, this is expensive.
Oh, no, you know, she needs to focus on this.
Seriously?
And by the way, I'm not being the stupid romantic
that's like, oh, it's all about connection.
It's not.
But you need a certain balance of connection.
I looked at Aya and I said,
you know, we've been working with Aya recently on
her financial, you know, capabilities and how to manage money and how to invest and right.
Why should that prevent me from taking her shopping? One of the biggest joys I always
had when she was in Canada and I used to go visit her, was we would go out shopping.
And she'd buy that beautiful pair of jeans or whatever, those shoes or whatever.
You know, Adidas made this new thing.
It's going to make up a bit.
Buy it, baby.
Right?
And I was capable of doing that.
And the trick was,
why did I stop?
Because I changed my objective.
So why do you do what you do, Stephen?
It's because your objective is set to
maximize without a ceiling.
Okay?
Your objective is driven by your young years.
I say that with a ton of respect.
That said,
there is a possibility that there is nothing at all.
So I might as well have as much as I can. Okay. It doesn't matter. You know, I always said that
about Ali. I used to, I used to save for Ali, invest for Ali, issue insurance policies for Ali
and start businesses in the majors that he used to go through in
university right so Ali changed majors three times every time he changed majors I would start a
business in that major so that when he graduates he runs it okay and then Ali dies how many
assurances how many of those assurances work for Ali? How many of those assurances allowed me
to spend the time with Ali?
Do you realize that?
Do you realize that while life
is supposed to be lived,
we spend most of it
planning to live it.
Okay?
And once again,
I hope that this doesn't alienate people because that applies at every
single level it applies at the level of that fisherman that goes out to buy to get two fish
one for his family and one for his business and two is enough the fear of i'm not gonna get fish
tomorrow is what would drive him to get three.
Okay.
But by the way, if you get three, you might not get fish tomorrow and after tomorrow.
So now you need four.
But what if you don't fish for a week?
Where is the ceiling?
Are you saying as well then, in order to create that ceiling or boundary, we all need to know our ceiling, but we also need to know our minimum.
You need to know what you need.
Yeah. What do you need?
What do I need? You black t-shirt guy.
What do you need?
Oh, gosh.
Well, it somewhat depends because when you've,
you're running a bunch
of different businesses and stuff like that.
Do you need to run a bunch of different businesses? No, I don't need to. But when you are, a bunch of different businesses and stuff like that. Do you need to run a bunch of businesses?
No.
I don't need to.
But when you are,
you raise what you need, right?
Because you then need to make sure
you bring in certain amounts of capital
and you can pay everybody.
But I don't need to start the businesses
in the first place.
So if I just did this podcast
and I stripped it all back,
I wouldn't need much.
I'd have so much free time.
It's unbelievable. If I just did this back, I wouldn't need much. I'd have so much free time, it's unbelievable.
If I just did this podcast,
oh my God,
so I'd have like,
well, of the seven days a week,
I'd have about five spare.
Correct.
You'd basically film for two weeks a quarter.
Yeah.
Two podcasts or three podcasts a day,
and that's it.
And then what,
but the problem is with that
free time i just feel it that's the other one i just start writing books and i just make my you
know the question is the real problem is we're not able to sit with our brains yeah yeah so
so we keep ourselves busy yeah yeah but there's studies that show this you remember that famous
study where they asked
people if you'd rather sit and wait for 15 minutes or give yourself an electric shock.
And a staggering amount of people gave themselves the electric shock because they'd rather some
stimulation than sitting. Did I ever tell you the story about my entry into LA?
Oh, oh my God. The passport thing. Oh, well, I went through that a week ago.
Did you?
They put me in immigration for five, six hours.
I lost my passport, but I've been in there twice now.
And you can't touch your phone.
You can't touch your phone.
You can't.
So they sat me down for nine hours to find the reason why they shouldn't let me in.
And then they put me in detention for 37 hours.
Best 37 hours of my life. Because I walked in and I immediately said, silent retreat. I'm just going to meditate and sleep and relax and
rest. Okay. And I would do eight hours of silence and then get up and joke with the wonderful
security people. Okay. By the way, it's, you know, the system that
put me there, it's not the people. And I would get up and joke with them and then sit for eight
hours of silence. Right? Practically, though, how does someone who's listening to this now,
that has built that life, you know, where they're in the corporate world, and they're the managing
director of this fund, or whatever they are, they're listening to this now, they're on the
way to work on the tube or the plane or the train or whatever. And they've built managing director of this fund or whatever they are. They're listening to this now, they're on the way to work on the tube
or the plane or the train or whatever.
And they've built up all of these like commitments.
So they're getting the WhatsApps,
they're getting the emails,
they're getting the Pilates instructor checking you.
They've built that noise into their life.
How do they set about unpacking it
without like destroying their life?
You can do it granularly
or you can do it at macro levels.
So limit, remember, limit, learn and listen.
Limit the first module.
The first ability is what can I limit?
80% of that person's life is not needed.
Okay.
80% of the money, unless you give your money to charity, is a waste of resources.
Because you cannot buy, you cannot enjoy two cars at the same
time. You cannot enjoy two beds at the same time. You cannot, simple really. And the trick is this,
you can add the micro level, tell yourself, I met when I was in my chief business officer of Google
X, I met this wonderful CEO who, you know, basically appeared so chill. And I asked him and I said,
how are you so chill? And he said, I do only four meetings a day at most, each is an hour.
Okay. Nothing less, nothing more. And I said, how? And he said, I'm a CEO. If I do meetings that are
shorter than an hour, they're too operational. Okay. If I do meetings that are shorter than an hour, they're too operational.
Okay?
If I do meetings that are longer than an hour,
they haven't figured it out yet.
Okay?
I'm so sorry, Steve,
but how much of your business can be run by Oliver?
Okay?
You know, your CEOs should run that business.
But again, I don't want to limit this
to the top business people of the
world. How much of your life as a salesman? So, so my sales team would work, would walk into my,
my review meetings and they would present 12 opportunities every week. And I would go like,
okay, I'm going to focus on number one and number four, don't talk to me about the other 10.
They go like, why, why it's, this is like a billion dollars of business. And I'm like, okay, I'm going to focus on number one and number four. Don't talk to me about the other 10.
They go like, why?
Why?
This is like a billion dollars of business. And I'm like, yeah, but this is enough.
Those are more difficult.
Those customers are interested.
We can serve them better.
If you serve them better, you're going to close the deal, right?
Go do two.
And by the way, if there are 12, we should hire more salespeople.
But if you focus on two,
you'll do 110% of your target. What's better than that? And normally what ends up happening is they
focus, they continue to focus on all 12. And you know what happens? That portfolio approach,
reality hits. You're running a portfolio so that 10 of them will fail and two will run,
will happen. you lose the 10
that's the reality right you're spreading yourself so thin that that 10 of them are not getting your
attention anyway they're just bothering you in the back of your mind and you lose the 10 instead
of to run three 50 buffer okay devil's advocate again here i'm thinking about the listener who
every entrepreneur that they admire,
every person they admire...
Lies.
It's lies and you're contributing to it, my friend.
No, but I'm trying to, I'm really trying to...
How many of those people, we know all of them, how many of them are happy?
Oh my God, that's a different question.
How many of them are well?
So here's what I was going to say,
is when you hear about the people you admire
and that first year or two in starting the thing
that they went on to do that,
maybe even gives them fulfillment now,
you know, all of those people will say,
there was no work-life balance at the start.
We had to work really hard.
And that's just the way it is.
I was working in a call center. I was building my business on the side. I had to work until midnight or And that's just the way it is. I was working in a call center.
I was building my business on the side. I had to work until midnight. I respect that.
I couldn't have left the call center. I respect that. That's me. That's why I tell people.
You're not working in the call center anymore. I'm not. No. But for that first year or two.
If you want to do a year or two, fine. Okay. Okay, fine. But the lie is it's never ending i i told you openly for every
one of us not just you there's no ceiling there's no preview there's no pre-plan of when i reach
this it's enough 20 trips is enough yeah okay you know what happens when you when you limit
yourself to 20 trips your value becomes higher. You make the same amount of
revenue. You know what happens when you limit yourself to two deals? You serve the customer
better. You know what happens when you limit yourself to five friends? They become real
friends. You go out and meet them instead of text them. So you're saying cancel the third podcast
a week we're going to launch? Are you going to do a third podcast a week?
Look at your face.
I struggled with that too
because I've been trying to build
an Arabic podcast for a while.
Yeah.
Which I have to say is needed in the region.
Yeah.
Okay.
Really needed.
The region of 350 million people.
And in reality,
I'm one of the few that can run an Arabic podcast
that's as successful as slow-mo, right?
But the cost of that podcast is my health.
So there will be a moment in my life where one of my projects will be handed over and the Arabic podcast will show up.
But I sat with the person that I was working on this with and I said, look, just it's not going to be right if I do it now.
52 more episodes a year beyond my capabilities think about one kick-ass diary of the ceo a week does that slash your sponsorship revenue by half
i wouldn't even know um i wouldn't even know. This is the truth. People might not believe
it's the truth. But the sponsorship revenue is inconsequential in the grand scheme of things.
I think when we started for the first three years, I said to the team, and the team know this,
because they all get to see the bank accounts and stuff. I said to them, if we make any money
from this, we put it back into the show. Now, we've obviously, we make more money than we can
put into the show. So it's like,
I see the message in our Slack channel
that we've made this much money
from the podcast or whatever else.
But obviously the impact of that is,
I mean,
what does it mean?
We can hire more people,
we can have a studio in LA
and in America at the same time.
We can buy a big boat or buy a fleet.
I'm never going to buy a boat
because I'm so busy.
No, no, I'm talking about the fishermen.
Oh, right.
Yeah, yeah, exactly.
Yeah, yeah.
Okay.
So the real question is,
if you allowed yourself
to measure a different objective,
not the number of listeners,
but the impact on every listener.
Okay, interesting.
Not the number of guests,
but the quality of guests.
Right?
Not the number of topics,
but the topics that you believe in.
And how does that look over the long term?
So you're saying you'd get to the same place
over the long term?
You'll not become Steve Jobs.
When I say get to the same place,
my rebuttal in my brain was like,
because we built a platform,
people like you,
when you've got something good to talk about,
like your books,
you came and we had that incredible conversation,
episode 101,
my favorite conversation of all time.
That was a byproduct of us fighting hard
to build a platform where you felt or whoever's decision it
was i'm assuming so so you're you're saying that because you're doing two two episodes a week by
the way when i did one one oh one it was one episode a week but uh but because you're doing
two episodes a week you're enabling more people to have a channel to speak, right? There are 62,000 books
written last year. You need to step up your game. If you want to serve all books. No, I don't want
to serve all books. I just want the best ones. So the question really is, again, what's the ceiling?
How many good books can you spread a year? Right? when you when you look at slow-mo i do the
opposite of what you do so a very interesting part of what i do with slow-mo is i rarely ever
get a celebrity okay it's a podcast by the people for the people if you want sort of like i a lot
of people will listen and say i can relate to this this is part of my story. And the game here is that 7.8 million possible guests, billion, sorry, right?
It's impossible. Impossible. Okay. The question truly is, what do I want to stand for?
I mean, there are so many ways I can grow slow-mo.
Is that what I stand for?
Why do I want to grow it?
I mean, look at my Instagram and your Instagram.
This is a very interesting conversation.
My Instagram, I think, is 150,000 people or something.
Yours is what?
15 million, gazillion, gazillion, something like that?
No.
I don't know. It's a very large number.
Right?
What difference does it make?
Well, you said to me,
you said you want to make a million people unstressed.
Yeah.
A billion people happy or whatever it was.
It's my ambition.
But do I have to do that?
Or do people listening to this,
are people listening to this going to tell other people about this
so that they come and listen to this?
Right?
But, you know, if this podcast had six listeners,
you probably wouldn't have chose it for your book tour.
I would have chosen a thousand of them.
No, it's fine.
But the question really is very straightforward.
The question is, you're there already.
Yeah, I understand that.
This is why I ask like, what's the bullshit I'm telling myself?
Because I do realize that there's some kind of bullshit
I'm telling myself at a deep level about why I need to work hard.
And it's clearer to me now more than ever that the cost is significant and the reward is not clear.
It's diminishing.
Yeah, like, well, I don't even know what the reward is.
The most rewarding thing I do, you've identified as this.
Yeah.
It's the most impactful thing I do.
It's the thing people appreciate the most.
It opens so many minds.
It's a wonderful part of people's life.
It is this.
So I asked myself, why don't I just do this?
Because there are 40 other companies that I'm involved in as an investor, or, you know,
six or seven that I founded. And, you know, before you were sat there today, there was a founder an hour before you arrived of another business that I'm involved in. And I am a co founder of,
and we were talking about funding in this plan in this plan in this plan. And I do go like, what insanity is this? And I know it's not just me. It's a lot of people out there
that have engaged in this voluntary insanity of overstressing their lives, the addiction of
stress as you describe it in the book. And a lot of us, as I said earlier, we know it's insanity
when we zoom out and think about it on a piece of paper.
But there's something so tempting about the addiction.
It's the only script that you know.
Yeah.
So I keep telling myself when there was a time, if you really dig deep back in probably 2009, I did a public talk somewhere and it was filmed.
And they asked me, what is your life's purpose?
And I said, my life's purpose is to help startups build technology that is as complex as Google
outside the Western world. So specific, you very, very interesting thinker. Truth is, I am not that person.
Why did you say that?
Because at the time I was in a system where I was very good at helping startups,
but it wasn't my life's purpose. Okay. And as a result, I coached 50 startups a week.
When I used to go to California, I used to say to tell me from the number of startups that needed
my time, I used to say, I'm from the number of startups that needed my time.
I used to say I'm going to be in Blue Bottle Cafe on University Avenue between 11 and 6 p.m. or 5 p.m. on Sundays.
Come over, catch me and I'll try to help you.
And I would meet 15, 20 of them every single week.
Right.
Why?
It's not my life's purpose at all.
I focus my life now on things that are very different happiness well-being you know and i and it wasn't me that chose this path by the way
that purpose was chose me by by ali leaving the world and at the at a moment where I was ready. Okay. And what does that mean? It means that I
had to leave Google X. I had to leave a career around being an angel investor and being this
and being that. And now people text me and say, Mo, I have this new startup and I really need you
to invest. And I say, I don't invest. Period. Why? Because investment is not giving someone
some money. Investment is a call every four hours. Hey, we have this opportunity. Who wants that?
Okay. And the real question is, and I say it with worry that a lot of people might have already switched off the podcast by now. Okay? It's a big lie.
The whole endless cycle of growth and progress is a big lie.
It's the reason why we're allowing AI into our life
without thinking of the dangers of AI.
Because it's a big lie.
More is better.
Faster is better.
More progress is better.
Is it?
Is it? Is it?
Is it?
There is a point until which we've done really well.
We've increased life expectancy because of technology from, I think it was 37, 100 and some years ago to now 70 some or 80 some, I don't know, right?
We've increased human life expectancy.
But when my wonderful friend, Peter Diamandis wants to increase life infinitely or Ray
Corswell says, you know, that the technology can make us live forever.
Really?
Do I want to live forever?
Right? Why do I want to live forever. Really? Do I want to live forever? Right? Why do I want to live forever? Is there a fear of death that I need to deal with? Is there a childhood story that I need to look into?
Okay. And the real question is, everything is positive until you have too much of it.
Stress itself is positive unless you let it linger forever.
AI really is going to change the world
and it's interesting how this kind of
coalesces with the subject of stress.
I saw what the founder of Klarna said recently
about his company.
He said that AI is now doing the equivalent of 800 customer service jobs at Klarna.
And there was a report that came out in the UK saying that about 8 million UK jobs were vulnerable to AI.
And it's now, we're now moving into an era where things are going to be apparently a lot easier.
And ease has always been the temptation that lures us into...
Easier for who?
For the ones that are hiring the AI or the ones that lost their jobs?
Well, I was thinking about, we talk about productivity when we're saying easier.
We say, oh, you know, companies are going to be more productive.
People are going to be more productive.
What does productive mean?
More, more...
Create more for less.
So that the consumer gets it cheaper
or that the founder makes more money?
I guess the promise, as I hear it, is both.
We'll be able to bring down the cost of things, you know.
So that, I mean, I love how the simple lie
of the true value of money is ignored in all of this.
You see the whole idea of less or more.
I mean, how much is a British pound?
Is it, you know, one and a bit dollars? Or is it for free? When your bank prints it on their machines through fractional reserve to give it to someone so that this someone pays it back with interest? What is money? Right? And the real question is, could our economies, when you really strip our economies from money, could our economies behave, operate on the fact that we
mine something, turn it into something, give it to someone, and the entire, if we changed all of the
economic chain of the currency that's going through from dollars to something else, would that make any difference at all?
The reality of the matter is that if you created a company that built products, sold them at the end of the year, paid all of the salaries of the employees and gave you a reasonable profit,
why does it have to grow 2% every year or 5% or 20%?
Yeah, it has to grow because the economy based on debt
requires that we create more GDP next year than last year so that we pay the debt.
If you add it all up, if you're borrowing a
thousand and he's borrowing a thousand and the economy this year needs to pay a thousand two
hundred next year, the GDP next year needs to become a thousand two hundred instead of the
thousand. Right. So we're all following a cycle and we're in that big lie that says we need more
productivity. We need more productivity. No, we don't.
Okay. Before those cycles of money, if we really are talking about changing the world,
before those cycles of money gripped us, all you needed to do as a shoemaker is to make two shoes so that you can trade them for 14 eggs. And the guy that, you know, had the hands needed to create
28 eggs so that he can get one shoe and a couple of
vegetables. Right. And that was it. There was no inflation. There was no, you see that the whole
trick is that we get engaged in the details and I don't undermine technology in any way.
It's changed our life. It's the reason you and I are able to talk to people now.
Until a certain point of growth and progress, it's useful.
Beyond that certain point of growth and progress,
it works against you.
Too much of anything is bad.
If you could press a button now and stop AI?
I would 100% do it.
Really?
100%.
We talked about this last time,
but obviously a lot's happened since we last spoke.
In the last nine months,
I mean, there's become a real AI race globally.
Microsoft, Facebook.
Have you used ChatGPT recently?
Yeah.
Have you used the audio one?
The voice engine one they released yesterday.
Well, I've used it through a software called 11 Labs.
I actually invested in a company called Wonder Labs.
WonderCraft, sorry, WonderCraft AI
that do voice synthesizing, etc.
But did you see yesterday OpenAI released their voice engine?
Yeah.
Which?
Did you? Ask me a question about AI.
Ask you a question about AI?
Yeah.
Will AI end up replacing podcasters?
Great question.
Well, it's hard to say for sure, but AI is getting pretty advanced.
While it's possible that AI could handle some aspects of podcasting,
like generating content or even hosting shows,
it's unlikely to fully replace human podcasters.
People enjoy the personal touch and unique perspectives
that humans bring to the table.
But you sound very human to me.
I mean, I wouldn't be able to tell if you were not a human
if someone didn't tell me that you're an AI.
I mean, is there a way where we can actually ensure
that AI is presented as a machine
instead of being presented as so human like you are.
I appreciate the compliment. Creating AI voices that sound less human-like is definitely possible.
Developers can adjust parameters like tone, cadence, and intonation to make AI sound more
machine-like if that's the goal. It's all about finding the right balance between
clarity and naturalness. Let me ask you a question.
If AI continues at the current rate of improvement, is it true that at some point in the future,
it will be indistinguishable from a human? It's a possibility, but it's also a topic of debate among experts. While AI has made
significant strides in mimicking human-like behavior, achieving complete indistinguishability
from humans would require solving complex challenges related to emotions, creativity,
and consciousness, which are still areas of active research and debate. I feel like it's lying to me.
Correct. Because mathematically, if something which are still areas of active research and debate. I feel like it's lying to me.
Correct.
Because mathematically, if something,
if you assume just any improvement of a technology eventually...
It continues, right?
It continues, right? I understand your point.
Predicting the future of AI involves a lot of uncertainty and variables.
So it's essential to approach it with a critical mindset.
While mathematical models can help us understand trends and possibilities,
they can't account for all the factors that influence technological progress and human
behavior. It's so interesting that they've been programmed to be so diplomatic.
And it's creepy diplomatic.
Yeah.
Like a politician.
But the question really is, have you seen the movie Her?
No.
Yeah. So basically, if I didn't tell you that this was a human,
if I told you this was a call center agent,
would you be able to tell the difference?
No.
The other problem that most people don't realize is,
if I told you that Chat chat GPT was text-based
just six to nine months ago, and now it's able to do language processing without a mistake.
She understands I'm saying she, the machine understands every part of the words that I say.
Okay. I can switch between languages. So sometimes I speak
half Arabic, half English. Okay. In Arabic, I tell her, don't speak to me in high Arabic,
speak to me in Egyptian slang. And she literally speaks like an 18 year old.
Did you see what happened? Did you see two days ago they released the voice engine?
Yeah. And now it sounds exactly like you. I have an avatar. I'm speaking at Abundance 360.
They had an avatar of me that looked like me
and sounded like me 100%.
It actually made sense.
So the voice engine for anyone that doesn't know
is OpenAI released three or four days ago.
They said they've released a new piece of technology
that can take 15 seconds of your voice
and basically perfectly clone it
so that you can say anything
with just 15 seconds as a reference.
And it's so interesting.
I read the full article.
And in the article, they say,
listen, we've got this technology now,
but we're not sure whether we're going to release it.
We're basically giving you a warning.
They have four bullet points warnings in this article.
They say, we've released this press release
so that your bank has time
to change their security system
so that voice is no longer a way
someone can get your bank account.
They literally say like,
we're warning you, this is coming.
And at the end of the article,
it says we may or may not release this,
but this is essentially a warning.
Yeah.
For the world to change.
Where's the ceiling?
When do we take a stand and say,
we actually don't need that?
We won't.
We won't.
And you know we won't.
Yeah, so this is why the world
is going to become more and more stressable.
And my promise, at least my hope,
is to tell the world
that you can become unstressable.
Okay? I can't tell you that the world is going to be easier. I really cannot. But I really think that for every single one of us, the biggest
task in the next two years is to find a way for you to handle all of those events
with calm and ease and peace as best as you can. Because it really is, for me, Steve, I lived through this.
This is my typical life.
That pace of technology is my typical life for 25 years, right?
Now the world is changing.
The world is changing economically.
The world is changing relationship-wise.
I mean, if you don't mind me, think about
dating. Okay. How to think about friendships would, you know, we moved from having to knock
on my friend's door when I was young to go and play, to being able to call them on the phone,
to being able to text them, to being able to text, you know, connect with them on social media to now. So to, to the epidemic of loneliness that we have in the
world today, imagine how many of the next generation will have one of those as their friend.
And you can talk about anything. I was chatting with this machine, you know, yesterday morning
about the difference between theory of relativity and string theory, in definitions of gravity, right? Or, you know, it is, and the answer was
compelling. There was a product on Product Hunt, which is a tech website for anybody that doesn't
know, where it takes your history of your ex-partner, your ex-girlfriend, your ex-boyfriend,
it takes all of that, processes all of it,
and it allows you to continue the relationship after they dumped you.
Oh my God.
And there was a lot of conversation online whether this is ethical or not
because these young people, these young girls and boys,
are downloading the entire chat history they had with their ex-boyfriend or girlfriend
and they're continuing the relationship with AI.
So AI is talking like that person did. Do we need this? Or is the answer to stop? Everyone with a brain would answer you,
we don't need it. But I think everyone with a brain would also probably say,
human incentives prove that we won't stop. The reason for all the challenges is not to serve us.
Those challenges that we're facing are when someone tells you I'm building technology to
make human life better. No, they're making technology to make more money. Okay. And do
they need this more money? They don't. It was one of the illusions that they kind of think
they're going to live forever or something.
They think their legacy is going to live forever
because they work so hard in this lifetime
that they can never spend it anyway.
I think money is, you know,
that constant need for money is either insecurity or ego.
Yeah.
Right?
And we as a society are struggling the insecurity and ego of money
you know america at large wants to be the most powerful nation in the world
that's ego okay that's power that's insecurity that if i'm not the most powerful powerful nation
in the world they'll attack me but is it not human as well because i've sat here with experts
on the subject of status one of my guests wrote a book
on the subject of status um world store and he basically makes the case that we're all sat status
seeking humans you and me and that's hardwired because we didn't want to be kicked out of the
tribe so we you know even if i'm not wearing louis vuitton anymore i'm still playing a status game
in some area of my life i'm trying to have the best cameras. Of course. You know. But so the question is,
what position do you want in the tribe?
Do you want to be the richest boy in the tribe?
Do you want to be the kindest boy in the tribe?
Do you want to be the most compassionate?
Do you want to be the wisest?
Okay.
I told you before,
I want to die a billionaire.
One billion happy is a capitalist movement.
The only currency, the only difference is the currency is not dollars.
A billionaire, a billion happy people, okay?
Now, you spoke about how technology might drop
the cost of everything to zero, literally to zero, right?
Because if we figure out a technology using additional intelligence,
as I describe it, artificial intelligence commoditizes
intelligence. So you get a plug in the wall, you plug into it, you get 400 IQ points more,
right? If we use that to figure out energy, right? And we simply generate energy for free,
because energy is abundant in the universe, right? What does that mean mean does it mean that we can give that to the whole world so products become
mostly for free okay or do we give it to the to the to the person that built it so that they
become gazillionaires while everyone else struggles and and the main mindset difference
is a question and i i say that with respect, is a question of a world of
abundance versus a world of scarcity. We competed, most of us in our past, in a world of scarcity
where for Microsoft to win, Lotus 1, 2, 3 had to shut down, right? That's no longer needed. You
know, there is enough for everyone. We can all win. But that shift from scarcity to abundance is a shift that you're struggling with.
Okay.
It's a shift of a question of what do we actually need in our life?
Do we need 400,000 followers or do we need five friends?
Because the cost of building five friends is takes away from having 400 000 followers
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Do you think it's possible to build a billion dollar business?
I'm thinking about some of my friends now,
while also living in the balanced way
that you describe.
No.
So I've got a lot of friends
that are billionaires
or building billion dollar companies.
Do you think it's possible for any of them
to be balanced in the way that is healthy while doing that?
I think it's the wrong target to start.
Okay.
What if they didn't start with that target
and it happened because they were good at like,
I don't know, sewing something
and then loads of people started buying that thing they sewed?
Yeah.
Yeah, it's still the wrong target to start.
So building a billion dollar business is impossible for you to spend.
The target of you saying, I want to build a business that is a billion dollars within it.
You know, if you take the very core of morality, it basically means I'm going to use resources and people to create wealth for myself.
In a very interesting way, that's not a very moral thing, right? If the objective is,
I'm going to build a billion users business, a billion happy people initiative, okay? And in
the process, I'm going to invite others to come within
that conversation and as i invite them to come in the objective is to make a billion people happier
or the objective is to make you know a billion people get food in africa or whatever that is
and in the process i will be rich and wealthy it's very different okay so it's about what you're
aiming at yeah it's it's where you're headed. And because when we head somewhere, regardless of your Stephen Bartlett, or if you're
an accountant, you know, working on tax accounting. Okay. If, if your mind says, I'm going to maximize
every minute of my day by doing more accounting files, more tax, you know tax reports and so on,
your life might never end.
You might get into that hamster wheel.
And yeah, you're going to triple your revenue at the end of the year.
For what end?
And for humanity at large, the capitalist system assumed a world of scarcity
where I am increasing my wealth either for, because I'm afraid I might lose it,
or I'm increasing it for my ego, so that I buy a better yacht or better car than my other rich friend.
Forgetting that it is no longer the truth the truth is with more intelligence we can harvest the fruits of building things almost for free but we won't break the capitalist system okay as a result of that you
could literally solve hunger you could literally end cancer you could literally do anything you
want reverse climate change if you made that the objective. But the capitalist system will tell you, no, the objective is to
make Elon Musk's $200 billion wealth trivial compared to the next trillionaire.
Wrong objective. It's the wrong objective. What are we paying for it?
Okay.
As individuals,
we're paying our well-being.
As, you know,
as rich billionaires,
all of them are miserable.
They, you know,
they make a lot of money.
I mean,
all is a very difficult word to say,
but many of them,
the many that I know are miserable.
Okay.
Most of them are very stressed. They don't know how to stop. Right. And for the planet, for the planet, we're consuming it.
They don't know how to stop is exactly the way I describe it. I remember meeting a particular
billionaire in the North of England and sitting in his office. And the first time I met a billionaire
and I asked him, I like, I spoke to his family first. His family were like, dad's not happy.
Dad's really unhappy.
And then I met him and I just stared at him
and I was like, this is a human being
who has lost control of,
like he knows he's not happy,
but he can't get off the monopoly table.
Yeah, he can't.
And there's so many people listening to this now.
I did a post the other day on my Instagram
about my own predicament.
And it was the most messages I've ever had
and the most people that reached out to me,
either saying they related or in some degree concerned.
And I was just expressing that I'd like basically
burnt the candle at both ends in my life.
I'd taken on too much.
I'd worked myself into the ground
and ended up staying up for two days in a row
to write this thing, to deliver this speech,
et cetera, et cetera, et cetera.
And there was a photo of me
with like my head in my hands.
And I posted it
because I'd just taken off on this plane
and I saw the photo.
I thought it's such a great photo that was taken.
I'll explain the story of the photo.
And my DMs were inundated with people going,
that is me.
I've taken on too much in my life.
I've built up too many obligations and responsibilities.
I've taken this promotion. I have these team members now. And there's something inside of me that's going, this is just too much. And because of the external
narrative, the external expectation, I'm held in place. I can't get off this thing that I've,
this merry-go-round. That's absolutely the wrong use of language.
You can get off it if you make it your target.
So if I told you, Steve, I love you so much.
You're really like my brother, right?
If I told you I love you so much, you're my brother.
Your objective for next year is to be unstressed by the end of December.
This year or next year?
This year.
You think you can achieve that?
Could I achieve that?
A hundred percent.
A hundred percent.
A hundred percent.
A hundred percent.
Listen, learn and limit.
You're simply going to say,
okay, limit.
I'll just write down a million things
that I'm doing every day.
I'm going to delegate half a million of them. I'm going to delegate half a million of them.
I'm going to cancel 200,000 of them. And I will eventually phase the remaining ones to 2,000 a
week. Easy. It's interesting because when you say so, I'm thinking now about everyone listening to
this. I'm thinking, throw that question to them. If you told them to put themselves in a position
by the end of the year where they weren't stressed, there is a significant amount of them, not all of them,
but there is a significant amount of them that think, you know what, I think I could actually
do that. That was my objective. And the ones that will not think that way, that will be because they
believe that their life circumstances, the events are making them stressed, which is true. But it's not only the
events of your life that stress you. It's the way you deal with them that does. The equation is
the event, the challenge divided by your resources, your abilities, your square area, like physics.
Give more square area to carry the load and you'll be able to do it. So it's not the events.
If you invest in your abilities, you will be less stressed.
There will never be a time in your life when you'll not be stressed at all.
But you can definitely reduce it significantly.
Is there a third group that are telling the truth?
And because of their circumstances, you know,
they actually couldn't become unstressed by the end of the year.
They're working in a factory, three jobs.
They couldn't change the harshness of the events of their life,
but they could change the way they deal with it.
And how would they go about doing that?
Take a simple example.
A simple example is if you're stuck in a factory job,
your life is harsh today.
If you add to it an obsession that my life will always be harsh,
you're more stressed because of the obsession,
not because of the harshness of life.
Okay.
If you tell yourself,
I am working day and night to feed my kids.
Okay.
But then add to yourself and say,
the world is going to become much more difficult
and my kids will starve.
You created that stress.
Okay?
We didn't talk about one of my favorite parts of the book
is what I call anticipation of stress.
Okay?
So we said you break down under trauma,
you break down under burnout,
and you break down under anticipation of threats and challenges.
Is that the worry and anxiety and panic?
Exactly.
It's fear and all of its derivatives.
Right?
And it's so interesting when you really think about it. Fear is a moment in the future
is less safe than right now. Okay. By the way, you can do nothing about that moment in the future.
You can plan for it. You can get ready for it. But until you reach it, you cannot react to it.
Okay. When you're afraid, you try to limit the challenge or limit the threat. You think in your
head about, okay, you know, if there is something that is going to be difficult, I'm going to lose
my job in a year's time. You're going to try to save now. Interesting. Okay. These are, fear is
not the tricky one. The tricky ones are the derivatives. Worry, anxiety, and panic.
Okay?
Worry is, I don't know if I'm going to lose my job in a year.
I don't.
It's not like I got a letter that says I'm going to lose my job in a year. And so you keep spending your cycles trying to save as if you're going to lose it.
But that's not the right reaction.
The right reaction is to verify if there is a reason to be afraid or not.
Right?
So if you're worried, your reaction shouldn't be the reaction of a, you know, a person was afraid, your reaction should be, I either need to decide, should I be afraid? Or should I drop this?
What if I don't know?
Then you spend your cycles trying to know.
And what if I can never know? Because I'm thinking about some of my things
that make me anxious and worry. Anxious is different. Okay. Anxiety is very different.
Anxiety is actually your inability to deal with the threat. So you basically tell yourself,
I have to report to my manager on Thursday about this deal. Okay. And I don't have any ability to
actually, you know, prepare the report. I'm not skilled enough. Right. And again, if you deal
with it as fear, I'm afraid to meet my manager, you're going to try to not meet your manager.
If you deal with that reality of anxiety is it's my ability that is the issue, you're going to try
to increase your ability, you're going to try to get, it's my ability that is the issue. You're going to try to increase your ability.
You're going to try to get someone to help you maybe that has the skill.
If you're struggling with a bit of the finance in the middle, you're going to talk to your friend or, you know, at work who's capable of helping you with the spreadsheet, whatever.
Right?
So you handle your abilities.
Panic is different.
Panic is a question of time.
So fear is a question of a challenge.
Worry is a question of time. So fear is a question of a challenge. Worry is a question of uncertainty.
Anxiety is a question of your ability.
And panic is a question of, do I have enough time?
Where does this fit then?
Sometimes I have worries because I'll get some news
or I'll get like an inclination that something bad is going to happen.
I don't know necessarily when the date of the thing bad that might happen, but I get a tip off that something bad is going to happen. I don't know necessarily when the date of the thing bad
that might happen,
but I get a tip off that something bad is going to happen.
I don't know if it's definitely going to happen or when,
but then I live in that sort of cycle of obsession
that, oh my God, it could happen today.
Did it happen?
I look at my phone, I go, has it happened yet?
You know, let me give you a good example then
of something that someone might worry about
but not know the date,
but kind of not, and be not sure if it's going to happen they've got an ill relative this isn't
just to be full transparency i normally say assume they're going to die and go live your life loving
them give them all the love that you can if you have someone that you're worried is going to leave, my mom fell, right?
And she's now better.
But it took such a long time.
I could have spent that time in my head saying, but I'm going to lose her.
Or I could fly to Cairo, sit next to her and say, I love you very much.
Turn the worry into certainty, whether that's the best certainty or the worst certainty.
Okay?
But then react to the certainty.
And she's recovering and I hope she will be running marathons, I hope.
Right?
But for that moment in time, instead of worrying about the certainty, putting my brain cycles into worry.
Okay?
I just assumed, what would happen if I don't see her again?
Fly, go see her.
Stop your meetings.
Stop your this.
Go.
Pour love on her.
The only certainty you have around someone your daughter getting into uh you know
trouble when she's a teenager is that your daughter is not in trouble now
spend the time with her now this is this is what life is all about we spend those cycles being
stressed this is why i tell you look look, it is so entitled to sit
here and talk about the problems of billionaires and the problems of technology and all of the
progress and so on, when we forget that many of us are working two jobs and struggling with a
relationship and, you know, stuck in long commutes and so on. Okay. And I wish that life is easier for them. I really in my heart
do. But if it isn't because the external harshness of life is not within our control, the way we deal
with it is within our control. Okay. The way we deal with it is, you know, even if it's the
tiniest things, like I'm working in the factory and it's such a horrible job. Can I spend my break at the factory with my best friend?
Okay.
Can I, you know, try to ease the challenge of the commute a little bit?
Okay.
Can I find a gratitude practice that says at least my kids are still going to school?
Because by the way, if you do those things, it's not going to take away the harshness of life,
but it's going to ease it, okay?
And as you ease it, you're not going to be unstressed.
You're going to be less stressed.
Less stressed is better than more stressed.
One of the things that helps to ease it
is what you've described, which is love.
Oh, 100%.
And it's interesting because the first time we spoke,
you were single and I was pretty sure you were like this digital nomad that was going to be single forever.
I was too.
And then little did I know, you would meet someone and you would get married in 48 days.
From the day you met them to the day you married them was 48 days.
Now, Mo, if I said to you,
if you'd waited 49 days or maybe six months.
I proposed on day three.
The engineer in you.
Not the soft feminine side, right?
The feminine energy.
That wasn't the feminine side at all.
But the logical engineer in you.
And I'm playing devil's advocate here because I have to present the argument,
but I'm very happy for you.
I couldn't be more happy for you.
But I'm just saying,
when I saw that,
I thought to myself,
my rebuttal would be,
if you'd waited 49 days,
would that not have been better?
If you'd waited six months,
a year, two years?
Absolutely not.
As a matter of fact,
one of the biggest things
I struggle with in relationships
is that the Western approach to relationships assumes that the longer you wait, the more you will know.
And that basically assumes that it's the responsibility of the other person for you to be happy in your relationship.
Do you understand that? So if I need to make sure that they're amazing,
so that this relationship works, that's entitled. Okay. And by the way, there is a massive difference
between heading into a relationship and saying, I'm going to make this work, right?
Then heading into a relationship and saying,
I'm going to see if that works.
Now, Hannah, I call her the jackpot, right?
She might not be everyone's jackpot.
But for me, because I've done so much work on myself
and because she's done so much work on herself,
I hosted her her, I hosted
her on my podcast. We were, we were doing a mini series about love and romance. I mean, come on,
like you're, you know, we bump into each other in the streets and literally around the corner
in Marleybourne somewhere. Right. And, and I, and I, and she looks at me and she goes like,
I know you, you're Mo. And I'm like, I don't know, are we, like, how do I know you?
And she said, no, you don't know me.
Follow your work.
I'm a friend of your friends, Carly.
And, you know, we spoke about you.
And anyway, I love your work.
I was like, courteous.
I said, so what do you do, Hannah?
And she said, I'm a therapist.
I'm working on, you know, this and that and so on.
And I said, oh, so I was doing that mini series. Most of it was about,
you know, the theme feminine female side, if you want a woman falling in love. So most of my guests
were talking about the women in relationships. There wasn't a mini series was there?
Anyway, so she came up with a mini series on the spot.
She talks about men in relationships. So anyway, I'm sitting there for an hour and a half in front of that woman.
And everything she says is like, oh my God, that's exactly everything I have noticed within me.
Notice the first thing she says is she says, we date our potential.
We date them thinking they can make us better.
Okay. They can't. The only way you can
become better is for you to work on who you are. And if you're ready, then love will be very easy.
Right? So I basically find someone, the jackpot for me, who, who after all of the work I've done
in my life, knowing exactly what I want and what I don't want,
I meet someone that actually fits.
But three days in, she could have just been masquerading.
Yes, and if that's the case,
then the marriage wouldn't last too long.
Right?
And 48 days is more than enough to know someone.
But you were trying to marry her in three.
Yeah.
Yeah, I know it sounds crazy,
right? But because we decided to do that, at the time, by the way, I had been through so many
such challenging relationships because they didn't fit me, that I decided I will never again touch a
woman unless I'm absolutely certain I wouldn't leave in the first six months. Not a big target
when you really think about it. Okay. But my thinking process was, if I'm not certain that
it will last six months, I'm not going to start. Right. But if it lasts six months,
it should last a lot longer. I feel like it's important to say here,
you're not suggesting other people do this. I'm suggesting that people flip
their mindset from, I'm going to see if this works. Okay. Uh, to I'm going to only engage
in a relationship. If I know for a fact that there is a high probability, it will work.
Okay. And I'm saying this, believe it or not to men as much as women because we
uh men sadly there is no reason to generalize but in general we're motivated by things that are
sometimes less than love okay official yeah so so in reality uh there is a lot of junk food that comes in relationships
junk relationships okay yeah they seem to have intimacy and sexuality and so on but they tax
you more than they feed you right and the reality is that for most men we don't recognize that
because the cost of switching seems to be yeah yeah, if you're successful and you're desired, you can have another woman in three weeks time.
Right?
If you're in that mindset, and that's a horrible mindset.
For one side of it is that you end up, you yourself are, really it's junk.
Okay?
It's not healthy for you.
And from a morality point of view,
you're using a person for your confusion. Okay. What I'm suggesting for people to do is to
actually refuse to enter a relationship until you actually know for a, for a, with a reasonable
level of conviction that this person is not junk for you.
Because by the way, this person could be junk for you, but not junk for others.
But this person is not junk for you, requires you to know you. And I'm telling you openly,
I knew for a fact, I know you're gonna think I'm mad, but I'm a mathematician.
So when I knew what I wanted in a woman, the possibility of finding that woman was one in
8,737,000 women. Mathematically, you can easily calculate that if you, if you want something in
someone that is one available in one in 10 and something else
that's available in one in five, you're now looking at one in 50, right? If another thing
that's available in one in 20, you're looking in one in a thousand, right? And the mathematics are
very straightforward. You find someone that actually is one in 8,737,000, you go like, okay, I'm buying that stock. And I have been the happiest person,
truly and honestly. She listens to my podcast, so she probably will listen to this one.
She's made me the happiest person. She's made me a better person. Okay. And she truly and honestly
made me focus on life differently, serve life differently, right? And that's the value of
having someone who's not junk in your life. By the way, I don't mean that the women I had in my
life, by the way, all were junk. I had amazing women that blessed me, but I had a lot of junk too,
right? So that no one who's blessed me before gets upset. I had amazing women that blessed me.
We were just not perfect matches.
When you know what you want, when you've done the work on yourself,
it's actually much easier to find love than it is when you're just, you know,
randomly with a machine gun trying to shoot and hit someone.
That's such a big when, because so many people 100 you know
what i mean yeah i was thinking of so many people that i that i know that are currently um struggling
to find the person and much of it and even in my case i'd probably speak about myself first is um
the person that i eventually found who is 100 my future future wife and I feel this same way when you
talk about Hannah as I do with my partner that happened when I changed exactly and then I had
so much McDonald's on the way there you would believe it exactly I had so much junk food on
the way there like dating is an internal job you work on yourself you work on yourself. You work on yourself.
If you get to the point
where you would date you,
you'll find the person
that you're looking for.
It's an internal job.
And it's really interesting
when you think about it
that, you know, again, men.
It's not a secret that in many other relationships in my past, I would question and say, do I really want to be with one woman for the rest of my life?
Yeah, same.
Yeah.
But it's so interesting when you say, when you suddenly say, oh my God, this is so healthy and delicious.
I really don't like the junk. And I don't like the risk of more junk.
I don't like the risk of trying and then ending up in a relationship, right? So there is a cost.
I always reflect on my friends. I've got a couple of friends, male and female,
that are serial daters. They're doing 100 dates a year. They're doing three a week. And I know from like a
probabilistic standpoint, I'm like, you must have met a perfectly good one along the way somewhere.
But there's something going on in the psychology that's making you miss the person over and over
and over again. And then I've got, you know, they might say, I'm just really picky or all these guys are, you know, no, no, no, no,
no. So, so I, I think the, again, you know, so one of the things that Hannah teaches me from
therapy is that we run on scripts. Okay. So you come to the, to this world with a perfectly
balanced machine, and then you get conditioned into scripts. Those scripts become your narrative,
your lens through which you see the world. Right. And, you know, if you, if you come from a family
that is avoidant, you know, attachment avoidant, you'll, you'll, you'll think that this is the way
relationships are. If you, if you, if you as a child was not given attention, for example,
you think that love doesn't exist or that love is conditional.
And you take those scripts and you believe them fully.
You believe them fully.
You look through the lens of the world and believe them fully
until someone shows up and tells you,
no, that's actually not true at all. Right. Your choice then is to tell yourself
I'm wrong and go into the unknown. We said we like familiarity, even if it's painful. Okay.
Your choice is to take that and go into the unknown and say, maybe my script was wrong.
Okay. And then you will change only then. It's an internal job. So my challenge was, and I say that with a lot of respect,
not every woman is like that,
but the women that showed up in my life didn't take accountability.
In my very highly engineered approach to life in general,
to logic in general,
I don't mind if someone does something that hurts me.
I just want them to wake up the next morning and say, you didn't deserve that.
Right?
And I created a script in my brain that said, all women are like that.
It's the wrong script for a fact.
For a fact, it's the wrong script.
But I convinced myself of it.
Okay? And then Hannah pops up and
says, Hey, by the way, what I did yesterday, I think that was really not your fault, right?
You said this and it triggered me, but it triggered me. She's a therapist, right? It triggered me
because my original programming means that when you say this, it means that, hey, by the way, you know, it was nice of you to hug me and not get upset about it.
Oh, my God, I'll keep you forever.
Right.
The point is she had to challenge my script.
And when those people are constantly moving from one to the next, the script could be, you know, relationships don't last.
Okay.
I need constant reassurance that I'm desired, you know, to be valued.
Mine was relationships are prison, specifically.
100%.
You know.
Are they?
Well, I'd learned that from watching my mom and my dad.
So I thought my dad was in prison, basically.
Correct.
You know, so I grew up...
He probably was.
From reading your first book, yeah, he probably was.
So I had this avoidant behavior because... Areant behavior because I thought he had lost his freedom.
So I avoided every relationship until someone got over the wall.
Yeah, and made her relationship with you your freedom.
Yeah, exactly what you said. She rewrote the script.
So she got over the wall, which I'd put up, very big wall.
She got over the wall.
And from inside, she managed to teach me a lesson I probably didn't want to learn.
I was reluctant to learn, which is that relationships aren't prison.
In fact, they're very much the opposite if it's a good one.
Exactly.
The actual script is that...
I still get triggered now.
We're in couples therapy because sometimes I'll get triggered.
When I say triggered, I mean like, she might do something through love
or because one of her needs are being unmet
and I might interpret it as an impingement on my freedom.
And so I kind of shut down a little bit
and I try and like get my freedom back.
Yeah.
So Hannah and I are working on Finders Keepers.
Finally, I think that's the version that will come out, the love and romance book. And we'll probably release it as a training first
before a book. But anyway, the thing that she talks about is she, you know, she basically tells
you if there is a repetitive behavior in your relationships with different people, okay,
that basically means the only constant is you. The trigger of that behavior is you, right?
And so it's so useful for us to look back at relationships and go like, what is my regular behavior?
My cycle.
Yeah.
And if you notice that, you need to start to tell yourself, interestingly, then this is my issue, the most
interesting part of triggered, the word triggered, is that if an event happens and you get triggered,
you're not triggered by the event. You're triggered by the event magnified by the lens of your trauma.
Right? So you look at the event he said or she said, and you look at it through your lens of trauma and translate it into his cheating.
I wrote actually in Unstressable, I wrote about a relationship with a wonderful woman that I had in my life who was quite calm and very, very, you know, composed and contented.
And, you know, we were having friends over, including two of our best friends, a couple.
He was one of my best friends.
She was one, you know, he was one of her best friends.
And his girlfriend was really in our life all the time.
They came late.
You know, it was several people.
She asked me and said, Mo, can I ask you something, please?
And then we sat in a different room, open room. And, and she started
to say, you know, we had this argument before we came and I need to understand what he meant by
that and so on and so forth. And she was crying. Okay. And then she put my head, her head on my
shoulder as she was crying. My, my ex, my girlfriend at the time walks in and literally that calm, wonderful, like very calm woman goes like,
take your hands off my man, you B word. Right. And everyone is like, what? We've never seen her
on calm. Right. And, you know, we sat down and we, I, we, she was a mature, wise woman. Okay. But you're in terms of her, you know,
abilities to understand. She said, I wasn't triggered just by you. I was triggered because
my ex-boyfriend cheated on me with a friend. Right. And so what, what, what, what that position
happened, what that situation triggered was her past, not me and that person.
A wound from the past. Yeah. And we do that all
the time. We are the only constant. And this is why, I mean, when I was hosting Hannah on my
podcast, when she said that, I found myself, I swear I'm not making this up. I found this very
clear voice in my head saying, God, please make her mine.
And for some reason, I had that very strong conviction that I need to shape up. I need to step up. Okay. She does too, by the way. And everyone always will. We're on that constant
journey of improvement. But the interesting turning point is when you take that accountability and you say,
no, it's not just because of them that I'm failing.
By the way, them I'm attracting because of who I am.
If I work on who I am, and suddenly someone will show up that matches the new me.
And I guess one of the ways we can work on who we are
is by becoming unstressable.
Yes, I love how we come to speak about a certain book
and then we talk about everything else.
What did we talk about today?
We talked about AI and wealth.
We did speak about stress a little bit.
It's all interconnected though.
It is all interconnected.
It's just fun to chat with you.
That's how it is.
And I did read a study,
which is also featured in your book,
a couple of years ago that showed,
I think I've got it written down here somewhere.
Yeah, I read a study that showed,
it was a study of 850 people from Detroit
and found that those who experienced
major stressful events
increased their risk of death by 30%.
However, the risk was negated for individuals
who reported high rates of helping others even under stress because their support networks
are stronger. Connection, truly and honestly, when we talk about spiritually stressed in the
very end of the book, which is a very difficult chapter to explain to people because not everyone
is spiritual, right? Spirituality in our description here is, you know, your connection to your non-physical
form, right? And it's, you know, it's quite interesting because your non-physical form
is not an individual, right? And so accordingly, your connection to the rest of being is so fundamental to feeling safe as a tribe,
believe it or not, humanity did not succeed because we were the most intelligent being on
the planet. We succeeded because we could work together, right? The only true survival instinct
in humanity is can I fit within the tribe?
You understand? And so that human connection is the ultimate way of triggering your parasympathetic nervous system to tell you things are okay. And that's when stress goes down.
Welcome to the machine, Trigger Unhappy, carrying the T-O-N-N, which is the framework we talked
about. It's in your head, feel to Heal, Your Hips Don't
Lie, and Sorenity. And then in part three, we have The Unstressable. It is a wonderful book.
It is a timely book. It is a book written by two exceptional individuals, yourself and Alice Law,
who's a stress management coach, international speaker, podcaster, and co-author of The Law
of Brand Attraction. Alice works privately with clients internationally, as well as with large corporations and brands such as RBS and The Ned.
I met her briefly beforehand.
Both of you are exceptional.
And as you say, it's a yin and yang approach to archery.
It really is.
I think that's my favorite part of the book.
Yeah.
We're so different to our approach with the same mission.
So it's really, really beautiful.
But I think that's the only way that this book could have been written,
because I think people typically sit on one side of that
in terms of how their brain thinks.
I'm a bit of an engineer, a bit of a mathematician, logical.
And even my partner, she's the opposite.
She's got a feminine, she's spiritual, she's softer, she's empathetic.
And it's the nuance and the coming together,
which creates the truth, I think.
I love the way we wrote it together as well.
So we would get together at the beginning of every chapter,
regardless of who's writing it,
and agree sort of the structure.
And then, you know, we would edit each other's chapters afterwards.
And my chapters are really concise and brief,
bullet points, equations, some logic, that's it.
And when I read Alice's work, I go like,
where is she going with this?
It's a very different writing style.
But you know, from our early readers, the feminine of those who read it just completely registered
with it. And the thing is, even I, as I read through, like 70% of the page and I feel something
in my heart, not in my head. Very, very interesting, actually. So it's been a very joyful partnership, I think,
for me. And I think complimented the part of me that wouldn't have been written in the book if
I wrote it alone. A practical guide to stress-free living. And you can order it right now because
it's out very, very soon in just a couple of days. So I'll put the link to the book below,
Unstressable. And I highly recommend everybody goes and checks it out
because it is a fantastic book and it's a timely book.
So if you are someone that is interested in stress-free living,
which is something that's front of mind for me after this conversation,
please do get this book
because there won't be a better book written on this subject matter.
You're so kind. Thank you.
Is there anything as it relates to stress
that you think was really important that we didn't cover?
The concept of unstressable, I think it's, it is so important to understand that this
is not about de-stressing, right?
A lot of the approach to, to stress is either through Western medicine by saying, okay,
you know, you're stressed, let's help you de-stress a little bit, right?
If, you know, or through even practice, like, you know, try to meditate so that you calm down
or try to relax and walk in nature.
That's not the objective.
The objective is how can you reconfigure yourself so that stress doesn't reoccur.
It's a long, a slightly longer path. So there is nowhere
in Unstressable where we tell you, well, if you're feeling stressed because of A, B and C at work,
go eat a vegetable and do this and that, and you'll feel less stressed. We're constantly telling you,
if you do this and that, when work stresses you, it's not going to stress you anymore.
When, you know, if you think in the same, in this way, or go to the mind gym, as we call it, right?
When thoughts attack you, you're not going to be stressed the same way, right?
And I think that's the shift that I keep saying in this conversation is that we're trying to say, you know, the times we're living are going to become more and more stressful.
We might as well prepare.
So this is not about you, you know, resting. It's about you going to become more and more stressful, we might as well prepare. So this is not about you,
you know, resting. It's about you going to the gym, right? It's about you actually getting fit
so that you're capable of carrying the load.
You mentioned your mom and your brother.
Yeah. Happened at a very, my brother and my sister, actually. So my sister-in-law, my brother and my sister actually so my sister-in-law my brother's wife
but 42 years together
I love her like a sister
truly I never had a sister
and was it
we were not together when
so my brother got diagnosed with cancer
back in summer
and actually
one of the biggest shifts in my life,
believe it or not,
because I was recording the BBC Maestro training at the time.
Very intensive, you know, a big crew.
We booked four days to do it or five, I don't remember.
But basically, you know, it's important and I'm committed.
And then day one, I get the news that Amr is diagnosed with cancer,
that it's actually serious.
They're going to have a surgery two days later.
And yeah, I had to stop and fly to meet him because I actually didn't know if I was going to meet him again.
And the surgery went well. We started to do immunotherapy because he
had multiple cancers that were not easy to treat. Anyway, he recovered very positively.
And then, and then beginning of the year, he had some kind of a digestive issue.
He had a tumor in his,
somewhere in his digestive system
that was actually totally benign,
had nothing to do with the cancers, right?
But then the stress,
his lovely wife, my sister,
just collapsed under the stress
and basically had a heart attack in the intensive
care unit of the hospital and we lost the sweetest human being on the planet like i think that was
the biggest shock steve i'll tell you openly i mean a couple of or three weeks later my brother
left too which you know is so interesting because you can imagine that somehow they didn't want to live without each other.
Right. But the thing is that Sahar, my sister-in-law, when she left, I honestly and truly have never been shocked back to reality as much as this.
When I was talking about Ali dying several times, Sahar dying so suddenly.
Like, what are we doing with our lives? Honestly, what are we doing with our lives?
Honestly, what are we doing with our lives?
You know, should I have gone to Egypt to see them five times more every year rather than do five more talks?
A hundred percent.
A hundred percent. 100%. 100%. It is so clear when you look in hindsight
that what we dedicate our life to is not the right object.
Does that mean I want to stop 1 billion happy
and spend time with my family?
No.
I can be so much more effective with 1 billion happy.
I can have this conversation with you
and it reaches millions of people.
It's a way of deciding that something else matters than maximizing your impact without a ceiling, maximizing your gain without a ceiling.
I think the truth is, sadly, like Alice writes, life gives you that harshness to teach you to change direction or heal.
And I always say that if you pre-respond to life,
life wouldn't need to be harsh.
If you change direction or heal and learn
before life finds a reason to force you you to nudge you, right?
There wouldn't be, there wouldn't be harshness.
Sorry for your loss.
They were wonderful, truly and honestly, the kindest, most beautiful, pure people you would
ever meet.
I mean, we're all going someday,
but when those people leave your life,
you suddenly realize in a way that you haven't lived.
Priorities.
Priorities. priorities.
Well, you've given me an awful lot to think about,
a little bit too much to think about.
I feel stressed.
We have a closing tradition, as you know.
Question that's been left for you from our previous guest,
without knowing who you were,
is think of the first person
you were ever in love with
when did you last see them and what would you say to them if you saw them now
i mean i i'm i'm the the worst to answer that question because my first love was my
very long you know term marriage was a wonderful person, Ibel, in every possible way.
And who even after we separated,
we stayed very close.
Incredibly wise woman,
incredibly wonderful woman.
So we're very close.
We're in touch all the time.
There would rarely be a week
that we don't speak.
Is there something you haven't said to her,
which you probably should,
if she was listening to this now?
Is there something,
he found out tomorrow that she was no longer here.
Is there words you're going to wish that you'd said?
I think she knows that.
I mean, I will always say I am who I am because of Nibel.
I mean, you know, it's hard to think.
Most people don't understand that not being able to continue in a romantic relationship
is actually not an indication of the purity of the connection that you had.
So a romantic relationship, as I write in Finders Keepers,
is made up of a lot more than love.
So there are, I call it the perfects, P-P-R-F-C-T-S. So you look for partnership, passion, romance,
friendship, companionship, tenderness, or, you know,
touch and support, right? And all of those things are prerequisites to continue a romantic
relationship. If one of them or two of them don't work, the romantic intimate side of the
relationship doesn't work. But that doesn't mean that all of the others, the partnership, right? The support, the tenderness, the kindness, right?
It doesn't mean that all of the others have to end. And I think what most people miss is if I
can't kiss her anymore, for whatever reason, then everything I've ever done with her is wrong. 27 years, we spent 27 years together, right?
And she shaped my life with her advice,
with her wisdom and with her mistakes.
Understand that, huh?
Even the bits that we don't like about our partner
are the parts that shape us onto the person that we are.
Right?
And it's almost criminal.
I say that openly.
It's almost criminal that we let our egos and our anger end that.
I have a couple of friends who are so wonderful.
I love them so much.
Colombian.
When I went to Colombia the first time,
they invited me. They were helping me spread Solve for Happy at the time.
And they're wonderful in every way. And they separated. And I keep telling them,
with two kids between you and all of that love, what really matters is how are you going to move forward from here?
Can you actually talk every week?
Can you parent together?
Can you,
right?
And I think this is what,
what most people forget when the anger takes them over,
when the ego takes them over.
Nibel shaped my life.
I always tell her,
I am the person that I am because of how we started our life together and the
years we spent together.
Okay.
And if I'm ungrateful for that,
then I truly am the wrong person.
I am a bad person.
And I ask everyone to think about that.
I ask everyone who somehow,
even if it was a painful breakup or a painful ending,
I ask them to try and say,
hey, by the way, I'm grateful for the time
that I had you in my life.
You've got one last 30 second phone call with her.
Why would you say that?
Such a tough question after losing so many people this year.
I think what I would probably say is, I wish life didn't give us that test.
So losing Ali, I think, was bigger than both of us.
This is difficult when you...
I think neither of us,
despite how well we did in terms of being calm and grateful and peaceful,
it was just...
It still is the most difficult thing ever.
And Nibel is such a beautiful, fragile,
I don't know if fragile is the right word,
delicate maybe, delicate is the right word,
beautiful soul.
I think that gap was so harsh.
And it's not our choice how life treats us.
I would have wished that this had never happened.
I would have wished that she had never been subjected to that pain.
And as I said, I would do what Ali did to us before he left.
I would simply say all of the things that she taught me.
I would simply say how grateful I am to have her in my life still.
And yeah, I hope I never have that call.
I hope I never have that call.
I don't know how many more I can take, to be honest.
Oh, thank you.
Thank you for everything. Every time we speak, I push you on these questions. And I think it's important for me to say because you have a remarkable level of wisdom, which helps me to confront things that I had been thinking about what we spoke about actually.
For a while, I wanted to tell you that.
Somehow you brought it up today in front of, I don't know how many million people.
I really, really think of your brilliance out of season.
I think there is a different season for you now.
We don't know what it is,
but I think your brilliance in your 20s
was applied in a season different
than your current brilliance.
What do you think it is?
I really think that your ability to reach people
can be converted into
a much more rewarding
result than just success.
And what do you think that looks like?
Do you think it looks like this it does
you don't have to change a thing
you have to change the intention
of why you're doing those things
and what will happen if I do
I think you'll probably
be one of the most
heard people on the planet
I think you'll bring
a lot of wisdom to a lot of people.
Not always yours, by the way.
Yeah, rarely mine.
And I think you're going to
be rewarded very handsomely for that.
By life.
Okay, you've given me a lot to think about.
Before I descend further into my
existential crisis, I'm going to let you go.
But again, everybody, please buy the book.
Love you, man.
Thank you so much, Steve.
Honestly, I really enjoyed this one.
Probably my favorite conversation between us.
It's always wonderful.
Thank you so much for having me.