The Dr. Hyman Show - How Magnesium Deficiency Impacts Your Health | Know Your Numbers

Episode Date: January 12, 2024

View the Show Notes For This Episode Get Free Weekly Health Tips from Dr. Hyman Sign Up for Dr. Hyman’s Weekly Longevity Journal Get Ad-free Episodes & Dr. Hyman+ Audio Exclusives Magnesium is a cri...tical mineral that is responsible for more than 600 enzyme reactions in the body, yet most people are not getting enough of it. Magnesium is critical for your cells to make energy, for many different chemical pumps to work, to stabilize membranes, and to help muscles relax. Essentially, anything that is tight, irritable, crampy, or stiff—whether it is a body part or even a mood—can be a sign of low levels of magnesium, and magnesium deficiency has even been linked to inflammation in the body and higher CRP levels.  In today’s episode of a new series I’m calling Know Your Numbers, I dive deep into magnesium. I discuss why millions of people suffer with undetected magnesium deficiency, how conventional medicine misses the mark in measuring magnesium levels, how Functional Medicine treats magnesium deficiency, and much more. You can test your magnesium levels with Function Health, a company I co-founded. It has been a lifelong dream for me. Function is the first-ever membership that includes 100+ lab tests and personalized insights from globally renowned doctors based on your results. Join Function at FunctionHealth.com. This episode is brought to you by AG1 and Open. Get your daily serving of vitamins, minerals, adaptogens, and more with AG1. Head to DrinkAG1.com/Hyman and get 10 FREE travel packs + a Welcome Kit with your first order. Take your meditation practice further and start your FREE 30-day trial of Open by visiting WithOpen.com/Mark today. Here are more details from the episode (audio version / Apple Subscriber version): Symptoms of magnesium deficiency (5:23 / 3:25) Why is magnesium deficiency a problem? (6:19 / 4:21) Testing magnesium levels (7:27 / 5:29) How magnesium works in the body (8:45 / 6:47) Why magnesium deficiency is so prevalent (11:46 / 9:48) The Functional Medicine approach to measuring magnesium levels (16:14 / 14:16) Root causes of and conditions related to magnesium deficiency (17:48 / 15:50) Addressing magnesium deficiency (23:27 / 21:29)

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Starting point is 00:00:00 Coming up on this week's episode of The Doctor's Pharmacy, basically anything that twitches, spasms, cramps, or is irritable in your body is likely in full or in part related to inadequate magnesium levels. Hey everyone, it's Dr. Mark here. No matter your genetics or lifestyle choices, as humans we all share the same basic needs like adequate nutrition, for example. But with the industrialization of agriculture and toxins in our environment, it's getting harder and harder to get your body the nutrients it needs through food alone. And that's where AG1 comes in. AG1 is a foundational nutritional supplement that supports your body's universal needs for things like gut optimization, stress management, and immune support. Since 2010, AG1 has led the future of foundational nutrition,
Starting point is 00:00:44 continuously refining their formula to create a smarter, better way to elevate your baseline health. I drink AG1 every morning and I consistently feel more energetic throughout the day. I even recommend it to all my family and friends because of the results I've seen myself. If you want to take ownership of your health, it starts with AG1. Try AG1 now and you'll get a free welcome kit that includes a shaker bottle, canister, and metal scoop, along with 10 free travel packs with your first purchase. Go to drinkag1.com forward slash hyman. That's drinkag1.com forward slash hyman. Check it out. There's so much in our modern world that is working against us when it comes to our health. Not the least among these
Starting point is 00:01:22 are all the constant stressors in our environment, from artificial lights to busy schedules to interpersonal conflicts. It can be tough to try to find ways to navigate all this stress before it leads to bigger health issues. But I found a solution that really works, the OPEN method. It combines breath work, meditation, and fitness
Starting point is 00:01:37 all in one simple, easy-to-use app. OPEN provides guided sessions that you can do each and every day to help whatever issues you're dealing with, things like focus, energy level, sleep, stress management, and more. And you can tailor it to fit your individual needs. I use it daily to hone my focus and get better sleep and sleep faster. If you want to get on my daily routine, you can get 30 days free of Open by visiting withopen.com forward slash mark.
Starting point is 00:02:00 And get 30 days free by visiting withopen.com forward slash mark. Oh, and if you're in LA, make sure you check out their new studio to practice with Open in person. Welcome to the doctor's pharmacy. I'm Dr. Mark Hyman. That's pharmacy with an F, a place for conversations that matter. And today I want to welcome you to a new podcast series I'm doing called Know Your Numbers. It's designed to help you understand how your body works, what your own lab and biological data mean to lens of functional medicine, which is the science of creating health. Now, for too long, healthcare has required you to go through your doctor to access your own blood tests and your biology and rely solely on your doctor to guide you.
Starting point is 00:02:40 We are now entering an era where each of us can understand our own biological data and become the CEO of our own health. Know Your Numbers will help you understand the key lab tests that you need to track your health, including critical tests that traditional medicine often ignores. You're going to learn how to interpret your own lab tests, what the true optimal ranges are, and how important biomarkers connect. Most importantly, you will learn how to optimize your health based on your own personal medical history and biological data. You will also learn when it's important to see your doctor for further testing or treatment. Now, in a perfect world, I'd have the chance to see millions of patients, but the truth is I'm just one doctor. Over 30 years of seeing millions
Starting point is 00:03:18 of biomarkers in tens of thousands of patients, I've come to understand that much is being missed by conventional healthcare. We often wait until we have symptoms of diseases, then we get tested. But the transition from wellness to illness can often be detected decades before any symptom or diagnosis. I want people to have access to their own health data and the ability to engage in self-care and lifestyle practices that I believe can optimize their health and reverse the trajectory of chronic diseases that now affect six in 10 Americans. And it accounts for over $4 trillion in healthcare costs. And that is why I recently co-founded Function Health, where I'm the chief medical officer.
Starting point is 00:03:53 Function is a revolutionary way to understand and manage your health through lab testing that you are often not getting through your healthcare system. All the results are delivered in an easy-to-use dashboard that tracks your numbers over time and gives you actionable insights for every biomarker. Now, we're building function to democratize much of what I do and to give you the keys to your health and put control of your health firmly back in your hands. Now, this podcast is separate from my clinical practice at the Ultra Wellness Center for my work at Cleveland Clinic and Function Health.
Starting point is 00:04:22 This podcast represents my opinions and my guests' opinions. Neither myself nor the podcast endorses the views or statements of my guests. This podcast is for general information purposes only. It does not establish a doctor-patient relationship. And because everyone has unique life circumstances, the content in this podcast should not be taken as personal medical advice. Consult with a qualified healthcare professional with any medical questions or concerns. Now, keeping this podcast free is part of my mission to bring practical ways of improving health to the general public. In keeping with that theme,
Starting point is 00:04:52 I'd like to thank those sponsors that made today's podcast possible. And now, let's get started with Know Your Numbers. Okay, we're going to talk about one of the most important things that is missed by traditional medicine. It's so easy to treat. It creates so much suffering that most people don't know about and that about 45% of Americans are severely deficient in or insufficient in. And what am I talking about? I'm talking about magnesium problems, either insufficiency or true deficiency of magnesium. Now, how do you know if you have magnesium deficiency? Well, I call magnesium the relaxation mineral. Basically, anything that twitches, spasms, cramps, or is irritable in your body is likely in full or in part related to
Starting point is 00:05:36 inadequate magnesium levels. Things like heart palpitations, anxiety, depression, insomnia, blood sugar issues, hormone imbalances, irritability, aggressiveness, PMS, menstrual cramps, preterm labor, muscle spasms, tremors, vertigo, ringing in your ears, tinnitus, chronic pain, muscle weakness, kidney stones, engine, high blood pressure, constipation, acid reflux, headaches, hearing loss, being sensitive to loud noises, immune dysfunction, seizures,ation, acid reflux, headaches, hearing loss, being sensitive to loud noises, immune dysfunction, seizures, right, which is irritability of your brain, cognitive decline, and all these muscle cramps are related to potentially low magnesium levels.
Starting point is 00:06:15 So if you have any of these symptoms, you got to be thinking about magnesium. So why is it a problem? Well, about 20% of the population is living with overt magnesium deficiency. This is full-blown magnesium deficiency, and that's like one in five people. That's a lot of people. Subclinical or insufficiency, not true deficiency, which you see on a lab test, but insufficiency can affect up to 80% of the population. Now, why is this important? Well, unlike drugs, which work with one pathway and one particular reaction in the body, magnesium and most vitamins and minerals, by the way, work on hundreds and hundreds of different pathways. And magnesium is involved in over 600 enzymatic reactions in your body. Now, enzymes help convert one molecule to another,
Starting point is 00:06:59 critical for everything. And it basically influences every single one of our biological systems, which is why it can cause symptoms all over the place, from your brain to your heart, to your gut and constipation, to menstrual issues and cramps and muscles. I mean, it's literally everything. And in low levels or suboptimal levels impact every area of our health and creates our risk for chronic disease. So it's not just kind of annoying symptoms like muscle cramps. It puts you at big risk for serious illnesses. Now, it really probably should be considered a public health crisis, but most physicians don't test for it. It's not on your regular blood panel you get every year. If they do agree to test for it, they'll likely run what we'll call a serum magnesium test. That's what I learned in medical
Starting point is 00:07:37 school. But it's not really the indicator of what's happening in your body. It's like this joke I often tell when I'm giving lectures. this guy dropped his keys on the street and his friend comes over and sees him looking under this lamppost. He goes, well, why, what are you looking for? What are you doing? He says, well, I'm looking for my keys. He said, where'd you drop them? He said, well, I dropped them down the street. But he said, well, why are you looking over here? He says, well, the light's better here under the lamppost. So that's how medicine is. It's easy to test serum magnesium, but it's not the right way to find out if you're low or not. I mean, if it's low on serum magnesium, you're really, really low. By the time it gets low, you're in trouble. So the best test, which is really not practical, is something called
Starting point is 00:08:13 a magnesium loading test, which is a 24-hour urine test. And you basically give people magnesium IV, and then you collect their urine for 24 hours, and you see what spills out. And if they don't spill out anything, it means they're low in magnesium. If they spill out a lot, it means their body's good and they can get rid of what they don't need. The next best test and what we do with function health is called the red blood cell magnesium level. Now, this is not as good as the magnesium loading test, but it's pretty good.
Starting point is 00:08:38 And it gives you a sense if you're insufficient or low. And people should be over five. And often we see levels much lower than that. Okay, so what does magnesium do? Why should you care? As I mentioned, I call it the relaxation mineral. I think about Epsom salt, right? That's magnesium sulfate. You soak in a hot bath, your muscles get relaxed. You don't have soreness. It just basically relaxes everything. And again, it controls over 600 different enzyme reactions. It helps in the production of ATP, which is the thing that makes you move and grow and do everything you do. It's basically the energy of life.
Starting point is 00:09:08 And it's really the key to making energy in the body. And often when you see low magnesium, and I've had this before, it can be something that's found in chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia. Often if you have insulin sensitivity issues, in other words, you're insulin resistant and your blood sugar is not good, it could be low magnesium. And magnesium is very much involved in blood sugar regulation. Also, it's involved in regulation of vitamin D in the body, the activation and transport of vitamin D. It's important not just for muscle health and contraction and relaxation of muscles, but also bone strength and bone density. It's also critical in making hormones such as testosterone, progesterone, estrogen. It's important in the sense of neurotransmitters in your brain. It's involved in calming and relaxation
Starting point is 00:09:56 and inhibits the release of what we call excitatory neurotransmitters. It's also involved in DNA repair. It's involved in fluid and electrolyte balance, right, with calcium, sodium, potassium, and hydration, which is why it's often an electrolyte. So it's really important for electrolyte replacement. It's critical for heart, right? I mean, having a healthy heartbeat, blood pressure, high blood pressure is basically tightness of the arteries and the blood vessels. And so magnesium is used in relaxation. We actually, when we have patients with really severe diseases, this was so interesting. When I trained as a doctor,
Starting point is 00:10:34 it was kind of a last resort drug, right? It's a mineral, but it was a drug that we used when use when things didn't work or nothing else worked, for example. So if you're in every ICU, in every cardiac unit, in every emergency room, it's on the crash cart, which is basically what we use when we resuscitate a person who basically has their heart stop and stop breathing. And when none of the drugs work, the last thing we give to stop a cardiac arrhythmia, which is the rapid beating of the heart that can kill you, we use intravenous magnesium. We use it to treat preterm labor. If someone comes in in early labor, we give them IV magnesium.
Starting point is 00:11:14 If someone has high blood pressure in pregnancy called preeclampsia and that causes seizures, we give them intravenous magnesium. And we only use it when everything else has failed, but it shouldn't really be like that. We also use it for bowel prep. If you're constipated, it's basically one of the best treatments, milkous magnesium. And we only use it when everything else has failed, but it shouldn't really be like that. We also use it for bowel prep. If you're constipated, it's basically one of the best treatments, milk and magnesium. You heard of that. And it also is used to prep for colonoscopy, such as magnesium citrate, which makes you really go. So it's used in everything
Starting point is 00:11:39 in the body. We use it in medicine a lot. It's just kind of one of those things that doctors don't really think about as a problem for people when they come in with all these symptoms. So the question is, why are we deficient, right? Well, 75% of Americans aren't eating enough magnesium in their diet. Where does it come from? Dark greens, beans, nuts, seeds, seaweed, people don't eat that. It's declining soil quality. It's resulted in almost a 50% decline in magnesium in fruits and vegetables over the last 50 years. There's been a dramatic decline. So I think it's really concerning. Also, about 25% of kids are magnesium deficient, which is very concerning to me too, because it's critical for their bodies and to grow. Another thing is ultra-processed foods deplete magnesium. So 60% of our diet is ultra-processed food. 67% of kids' diets.
Starting point is 00:12:32 Food processing reduces magnesium in the food by up to 80%. Also, if we eat a lot of high-starch and sugar foods, which is our standard American diet or SAD diet, those foods deplete magnesium. So the more sugar you eat, the more starch you eat, the more you lose magnesium. It increases the rate of excretion of magnesium, and that's not good. So you eat sugar and starch, pee out magnesium. Also, the recommended levels are to prevent deficiency diseases. The RDA, what we call the RDA, is about 300 to 420 milligrams. It's just too low. It's said to prevent deficiencies, but it's not really about optimal health. And about half the population doesn't even get the minimum amount you need to prevent deficiency. And globally, it's a huge problem as well.
Starting point is 00:13:07 And a study of healthy university students in Brazil, they consumed an average of about 250 milligrams of magnesium and 42% have low levels in healthy, quote, healthy college students. Also, there's a number of groups that are higher risk for magnesium deficiency. So if you're in one of these groups, you got to pay attention. If you're pre-diabetic or diabetic, if you're low in magnesium, it increases the risk of various things like eye damage or retinopathy, neuropathy, nerve damage, kidney disease, and blood vessel disease. It's really critical in regulating our blood sugar.
Starting point is 00:13:38 For women, it's involved in estrogen regulation and metabolism, detoxification. And deficiency is present in about 80% of pregnant women and 55% of women with hormone-related issues. Think about that. You know, I mean, if you're pregnant and 80% of women are deficient, it's one of the biggest causes of preterm labor is low magnesium levels. So if you have low preterm labor or you have high blood pressure in pregnancy, like I said before, we treat you with intravenous magnesium. So why not take magnesium? Also, you can get constipated when you're pregnant too. So it helps with all that. 84% of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis had low magnesium. So this is just a rampant problem. As you get older,
Starting point is 00:14:23 you're not so good at absorbing things. It's another group that has a risk. So you don't absorb it. You excrete more magnesium. If you have certain age-related diseases that cause low magnesium, certain medications we'll talk about in a minute can lower magnesium levels and make you pee out magnesium, often things that are used to treat high blood pressure like diuretics. If you look at hospitalized patients, 65% of people who are critically ill who are admitted to the ICU or intensive care unit were magnesium deficient. And with COVID-19, we saw also those who had the highest magnesium intake had the lowest levels of inflammation and had 70% lower odds of developing severe symptoms. So just taking magnesium can reduce the inflammation if
Starting point is 00:15:06 you get COVID and reduce your risk of having severe COVID by 70%. That's amazing. And this is completely safe. Unless you have kidney failure, it's an incredibly safe mineral to take. Now, the other thing you should know is most doctors don't think about it unless you're in extreme situation, like we talked about, whether you have preterm labor and arrhythmia or having seizures from pregnancy or high blood pressure in pregnancy. We still don't think about it, but we should. And again, as I mentioned, if it's tested, it usually is a serum magnesium, which doesn't reflect the whole body. It's only about 1% of the magnesium in your body. 99% is in your tissues, your bone, muscle.
Starting point is 00:15:46 The body has really tight regulation methods for magnesium, and it pulls from the reservoirs in your bone or muscle if you're needing to keep levels stable. So if your whole body is depleted, it's going to be hard to replenish. And normal serum magnesium levels are about 1.8 to 2.3, but I think anything under two is linked to increased health risks, and optimal levels should be over two. So if you're getting a serum magnesium, it should be over two, but I don't like that. I like the red blood cell magnesium. So functional medicine looks at this a little bit differently. We look at comprehensive testing,
Starting point is 00:16:17 look at what's going on with all their biomarkers, and we look at red blood cell magnesium. It's way more accurate reflection of whole body magnesium. It measures intracellular magnesium, which is where often it needs to be to do the job. It reflects the magnesium content of muscles and bones. It has a longer half-life. It's less prone to fluctuations from your diet. And it correlates with clinical symptoms. So it's a really good biomarker that is part of the function panel that you're not getting when you go to your regular doctor.
Starting point is 00:16:43 For sure, it's not on your annual panel. And it's probably not on any panel that they do at all if you're going to measure magnesium. The other things you can kind of look at in relation to magnesium that are part of the functional panel include kidney tests like creatinine and BUN, vitamin D levels because low levels are often associated with low levels of magnesium absorption, just like calcium absorption. Calcium levels are also interacting potassium levels, low levels of magnesium absorption, just like calcium absorption. Calcium levels are also interacting potassium levels, low levels of potassium or calcium can be an indicator of low magnesium. If you're high in sodium, another clue that you might have a low magnesium,
Starting point is 00:17:13 if your blood sugar is high or your insulin is high or A1C, your average blood sugar is high, blood sugar control, that's a sign of low magnesium. So a lot of things you can look at to kind of get a clue that you might be magnesium deficient. Another hormone that's important that you should look at is parathyroid hormone. We also think it's important to look at that. And magnesium can be involved in the release of parathyroid hormone from the parathyroid gland in the neck. And if your parathyroid levels are low, you're going to have low magnesium. So it's important to look at all this stuff, look at your EKG, look at your heart function. So there's a lot of ways to look at magnesium, but the key is red blood cell magnesium to start.
Starting point is 00:17:49 What are the root causes of having an abnormal magnesium or low magnesium? Well, our diet, right? Our SAD diet or standard American diet as I mentioned, salt and sugar make you pee out magnesium, starch, phosphorus. Also that's in soda, right? Colas particularly, food additives. And all these things are used in ultra-processed foods, and that causes us to basically pee out magnesium.
Starting point is 00:18:11 Coffee and alcohol also make us lose magnesium. And too much calcium from supplements, not a good idea either. Stress, another one. Chronic stress is a big factor. Because obviously, when you have magnesium, your nervous system is relaxed, your body's calm. When you are stressed, you actually pee out magnesium. Those living in Kosovo during the Warren One study had higher cortisol levels, which is a stress hormone, and lower magnesium levels.
Starting point is 00:18:38 Also, if women have heavy periods, it's another factor that can cause low magnesium. Malabsorption issues, if you have celiac, inflammatory bowel disease, colitis, Crohn's. If you have diarrhea, you lose magnesium. If you have diabetes and you're peeing too much, you lose magnesium. If you have kidney damage, you'll have magnesium issues. Also, if you sweat a lot, like you do saunas, exercise, go on a hot climate, you're going to, without electrolyte replacement, get into low magnesium states. Again, over-supplementation with calcium, you don't want to do that. And then a few other things can cause you to have magnesium issues.
Starting point is 00:19:14 One is having aluminum from antacids and cookware, food additives, drinking water, deodorant, all that will potentially affect your magnesium. Drugs, a lot of drugs, as I mentioned, affect magnesium levels. So these are common drugs like diuretics, which are used in high blood pressure, which is often a low magnesium issue. Certain antibiotics, steroids, I mentioned the cortisol will make you lose magnesium, used for inflammatory disorders. Acid blocking drugs, we use for reflux, are horrible because they block acid, but you need to absorb minerals such as magnesium. And other deficiencies of nutrients like vitamin B6 or vitamin D or selenium often will cause us to have low magnesium. All right, so what are the things we talked about?
Starting point is 00:19:54 Let's just kind of go over those. What are the things we should be worried about that can be related to magnesium deficiency? Well, cardiometabolic disease, type 2 diabetes, as I mentioned. In one small study, they looked at the intracellular magnesium status of patients with diabetes, and it was depleted over 30% of patients. And now this problem affects 93% of the population, to some degree or another. Heart disease, another big category. If you have coronary artery disease, this is the Rotterdam study, looked at 10,000 people, reported a 36% greater risk of death from heart attacks and a 54% greater risk of sudden cardiac death in those with low serum magnesium levels. So that's really concerning. So if you have low
Starting point is 00:20:36 magnesium, you're 54% greater to die from sudden death, 30% greater risk of having a heart attack. That's bad. If you have high blood pressure, often a clue that you might be low in magnesium because magnesium relaxes blood vessels and improves flexibility. If you have palpitations or rapid heartbeat, again, magnesium could be the cure. Heart attack, strokes, and blockage in your arteries. Again, studies show that, this was a cross-sectional study published in Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, showed that otherwise healthy Koreans with the lowest serum magnesium had two times the risk of having calcium buildup in their heart, which is a huge
Starting point is 00:21:14 clue that there's atherosclerosis or plaque development. And also it's involved in calcium metabolism. There's too much calcium, not enough magnesium, It's a problem. You've had a stroke. You know, those with highest versus lowest magnesium intake had a 40% reduction in all-cause mortality versus the lowest intake. So basically, if you had high intake of magnesium and ended up with a stroke, you're going to have a 40% reduction in your risk of death after. That's pretty good. It's low magnesium, but it's linked to cataracts. It's linked to headaches, obviously. In fact, American Academy of Neurology gives magnesium a level B rating as probably effective for the prevention and treatment of migraines. So often when someone comes in with a migraine to the emergency room, I would give
Starting point is 00:21:57 them intravenous magnesium because it relaxes all the spasming blood vessels in their head and helps them relax. Osteoporosis, often we see it low in osteoporosis, as we mentioned. We see a problem with chronic fatigue and fibromyalgia, mood disorders, anxiety, depression, ADHD. Autism often is very low in these problems. Sleep issues, if you have insomnia and you can't sleep or other problems, that may be magnesium. It's one of the best sleep aids out there. People don't realize that if you take magnesium at night, you'll sleep well. And Epsom salt baths do the same thing. You can get it through your skin. If you have hormone issues like PMS, often a low magnesium issue or PCOS, fibromyalgia, as I mentioned, asthma, twitchy
Starting point is 00:22:36 airways, chronic kidney disease, seizures, all these things can be a clue that there may be low magnesium. Now, what about high magnesium? Well, this is very rare, but there are certain things that can cause it. If you have chronic kidney failure, adrenal issues, maybe different kinds of tumors or problems with your adrenals, overtaking antacids with magnesium in them, severe dehydration because it changes your electrolyte balance and you lose a lot of potassium and sodium. And the symptoms of it, having high magnesium are nausea, vomiting, fatigue, low blood pressure, trouble breathing, and even respiratory problems and heart attack
Starting point is 00:23:12 because it slows everything down. So basically, when we give Ibuprofen to women who are in preterm labor, we watch their respirations because it slows down your respirations, it slows down your breathing, it slows down your heart, it relaxes everything. So the idea is if you have too much, it kind of relaxes things too much, and that's not good. Okay, so how do you address this? How do you address and treat magnesium deficiency? Well, just get rid of the causes, right?
Starting point is 00:23:35 We just talked about that. Get rid of the crappy diet, the sodas, manage your chronic stress levels. Take a look at your medication. Are you taking acid blockers? Are you taking diuretics? What are you taking? Do you have certain health conditions that need to be addressed,
Starting point is 00:23:49 whether it's diabetes or heart disease or other hormonal dysfunctions that can be addressed that actually will help you deal with this from the root cause? So really important to look at the causes and remove what's causing the magnesium deficiency. Maybe it's poor diet, maybe it's taking stuff that's causing magnesium loss. So what should you do to actually improve
Starting point is 00:24:10 your magnesium levels and to address magnesium deficiency or insufficiency? Well, first, you want to eat magnesium-rich foods. What are those? Well, dark green leafy vegetables, things like spinach, Swiss chard, kale, collards, all that stuff is great. Arugula, avocados, cold water fish, mackerel, salmon, nuts are high in magnesium. Almonds, cashews, brazil nuts, pecans, walnuts, seeds like pumpkin, chia seeds, dark chocolate, one of my favorite sources of magnesium actually. Whole grains can be helpful. Nanji, most soy can be helpful too. I like tempeh. So the diet can be a big factor in replenishing magnesium. Also, you want to find healthy ways to manage stress, right? So
Starting point is 00:24:50 active relaxation, yoga, breath work, gratitude journals, riding your bike, working out, getting in the sauna, cold plunges. There's a million ways to actually improve your stress response, whether it's, I use binaural beats with something called NuCom, which is some fun thing I've been trying, which basically puts you in a different neurotransmitter state, a different brainwave state. Also, make sure you replenish your electrolytes. If you're sweating, you're exercising, you're doing the sauna, make sure you use electrolytes that have sodium, potassium, and magnesium. And then supplements. What about supplements? I think, you know, of all the supplements, of all thetes that have sodium, potassium, and magnesium. And then supplements, what about supplements?
Starting point is 00:25:25 I think of all the supplements, of all the things that I use, one of the most important is magnesium. Probably the second in vitamin D and third would be fish oil, but it's so important. And most people have such improvements pretty quickly when they take it. And it can improve your sleep, it can produce anxiety,
Starting point is 00:25:43 it can reduce palpitations, it can, we do muscle twitching, muscle cramps. I mean, so many things. Constipation. Now, there's a lot of different forms of magnesium, so you should be aware of all the different forms. But the dose should probably be between 400 to 1,000 milligrams of magnesium a day. Now, there are many different forms with all different effects, so you have to figure out what you need. For example, my favorite basic one for everybody is magnesium glycinate. It's broad spectrum. It works across a lot of things that help with sleep, with relaxation, anxiety, PMS, cardiovascular health, best taken at night. Magnesium citrate you can use if you have constipation. So that actually helps you go to the bathroom. Magnesium threonate,
Starting point is 00:26:19 better for the brain, gets in the brain better. Anxiety and depression is why I use those four. Some are also better for muscles like magnesium taurate, which is great for muscle recovery, blood sugar regulation, heart health. Magnesium malate, again, this is part of the mitochondria and energy cycle. So it helps energy and athletic performance. Magnesium sulfate, we use that. It's Epsom salt. So you can absorb it through your skin. You can try my UltraBath, which is two cups of Epsom salt and 10 drops of lavender oil, hot water, soaking that for 10 to 20 minutes before you go to bed and you'll sleep like a baby. So basically, just to review, magnesium is so important. It plays a critical role in optimal health and longevity and chronic disease prevention.
Starting point is 00:27:02 Conventional medicine often focuses on treating the acute issues and not understanding the root causes. You really shouldn't be waiting for symptoms to appear to take charge your health. You really want to get to the root cause. But if you have any of these issues that I mentioned in this podcast, knowing your magnesium level and knowing your numbers here can help you really get a hold of this and help you engage in a more preventative approach with diet and lifestyle and supplements, which can increase the quality of your life and who knows, maybe even save it. And make sure you get the right magnesium test, which is part of the annual function panel. It's the red blood cell magnesium. As I said, if I could, I'd see millions of patients with function health or aiming to democratize much of what I do, offering you the keys to your own health. We're in a new era of medicine, a democratized,
Starting point is 00:27:49 data-driven healthcare system, giving each of us access to our own health data and informed by the latest science and by the paradigm of functional medicine. There is nothing more important than taking ownership of your health. See, function fills in the gaps in our strained healthcare system, starting with an all-in-one set of 100 lab tests, ranging from full hormone panels to deep cardiometabolic testing to nutritional assessments, heavy metals, and lots more, including the red blood cell magnesium. Now, many of these essential tests are not measured in your typical annual blood panel, and there's no more navigating burdensome insurance, no more having to wait for your doctor's appointment, no more need to consult Dr. Google to figure out what they mean.
Starting point is 00:28:28 Function offers clear, actionable results tracked over time, empowering you to be the CEO of your own health. And the waitlist for Function is now open, and Function is live across the United States and soon globally. We're inviting new members to join our waitlist every day. If you're interested in taking control of your health, secure your spot on the waitlist by visiting functionhealth.com. All this is available for just $499 a year and includes the cost of over 100 lab tests and a second test panel at six months. So transform your health, visit Function Health right now to secure your spot on the waitlist. So also, I'd love to hear your comments and questions. Share this with your friends and family. Subscribe wherever every of your podcasts.
Starting point is 00:29:06 Follow me on all social channels at DrMarkHyman. And let us know what your experience has been with trying magnesium or with some of the symptoms we've talked about. And hopefully, I'll see you next time on The Doctor's Pharmacy. And thank you for tuning in to Know Your Numbers. Thanks for listening today. If you love this podcast, please share it with your friends and family. Leave a comment on your own best practices on how you upgrade your health and subscribe
Starting point is 00:29:31 wherever you get your podcasts. And follow me on all social media channels at DrMarkHyman. And we'll see you next time on The Doctor's Pharmacy. Hey, everybody. It's Dr. Hyman. Thanks for tuning into The Doctor's Pharmacy. I hope you're loving this podcast. It's one of my favorite things to do and introducing you all the experts that I know
Starting point is 00:29:50 and I love and that I've learned so much from. And I want to tell you about something else I'm doing, which is called Mark's Picks. It's my weekly newsletter. And in it, I share my favorite stuff from foods to supplements, to gadgets, to tools to enhance your health. It's all the cool stuff that I use and that my team uses to optimize and enhance our health. And I'd love you to sign up for the weekly newsletter. I'll only send it to you once a week on Fridays. Nothing else, I promise. And all you do is go to drhyman.com forward slash pics to sign up. That's drhyman.com forward slash pics, P-I-C-K-S, and sign up for the newsletter and I'll share with you my favorite stuff that I use to enhance
Starting point is 00:30:30 my health and get healthier and better and live younger, longer.

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