The Good Tech Companies - Ethical Hackers Reveal How to Break Into Any Mobile Device (Legally!)

Episode Date: February 3, 2025

This story was originally published on HackerNoon at: https://hackernoon.com/ethical-hackers-reveal-how-to-break-into-any-mobile-device-legally. A comprehensive guide to mobile penetration testing (pentesting) by Sekurno. Learn essential techniques, tools, and best practices to secure mobile apps Check more stories related to programming at: https://hackernoon.com/c/programming. You can also check exclusive content about #mobile-app-development, #pentesting, #cybersecurity, #mobile-pentesting, #how-to-break-into-iphone, #how-to-break-into-android, #good-company, #hackernoon-top-story, and more. This story was written by: @sekurno. Learn more about this writer by checking @sekurno's about page, and for more stories, please visit hackernoon.com. Mobile pentesting is about finding creative ways to break into an app. It’s different from standard web pentesting because mobile apps: Android and iOS each have their own rules, security models, and quirks. Common challenges include dealing with root/jailbreak detection, bypassing SSL pinning, and analyzing both client-side and server-side logic.

This audio is presented by Hacker Noon, where anyone can learn anything about any technology. Ethical hackers reveal how to break into any mobile device, legally. Bicycrno, think of a mobile app like a digital vault, holding everything from user passwords to payment details. As a penetration tester, your job is to ensure that the vault is sealed tight, long before any real attacker tries to break in. In this guide, we'll walk you through the entire process of mobile pen testing, from gathering the right tools to analyzing code

and traffic. Let's jump in. Introduction We live in a world where mobile devices are almost an extension of ourselves. Because people do their banking, shopping, and socializing on phones, ensuring app security is paramount. And that's why mobile pentesting matters. We simulate attacks against apps to expose weaknesses and help developers patch them up. Here's what's in it for you. Peace of mind. You won't lose sleep over data leaks or stolen credentials. Compliance. Regulators and your users require strong protection standards. Reputation boost. Secure apps mean happier customers and less risk

of negative headlines. What is mobile pentesting? At its core, mobile pentesting is about finding creative ways to break into an app, just as a real attacker would, so you can fix the weaknesses first. It is different from standard web pentesting because mobile apps run on unique platforms. Android and iOS each have their own rules, security models, and quirks. Store data on devices. Sensitive info can be saved locally, making it crucial to examine device-specific storage. Rely heavily on APIs. Mobile apps often talk to back-end servers through APIs, which might be misconfigured or vulnerable if not tested properly.

Backslash dot. Common challenges include dealing with root jailbreak detection, bypassing SSL pinning, and analyzing both client-side and server-side logic. Common threats to mobile applications picture a medieval fortress. These are the typical weak spots. Attackers target one. Insecure data storage sensitive tokens or user credentials are left unencrypted on the device. 2. Weak server-side controls missing input validation or flawed API logic that hackers can exploit. 3. Insufficient transport layer protection using HTTP or flawed HTTPS allows attackers to intercept or modify network traffic. 4. Insecure authentication and authorization poorly implemented login systems, session management, or permission checks. 5.

Client-side vulnerabilities code that can be reverse-engineered to reveal secrets, or logic that can be manipulated at runtime. Backslash dot dot. Check out the OWASP Mobile Top 10 and the Mobile Application Security Testing Guide, MASTG. For more on these risks, they're like maps highlighting all the possible pitfalls. Prepare for mobile testing before you storm the castle, you need the right armor and weapons. In pentesting terms, that means setting up an environment where you can safely experiment without harming real-world data. Let's cover the basics for both Android and iOS. Android

When testing Android apps, you can spin up virtual devices using tools like Android Emulator or Genymotion. These emulators let you install and test apps quickly without needing a physical device. Detailed steps to set one up can be found in this guide. Android emulator, however, using a physical device often yields more accurate results, especially when you need to test real-world network conditions, sensors, or biometric authentication. If you're planning more advanced tests like root checks or in-depth data forensics, having actual hardware is a big plus. If you decide to buy or borrow a dedicated device, keep in mind that some

Android phones are easier to root. Rooting gives you deeper access to the operating system, allowing you to analyze hidden files, bypass app restrictions, and run powerful tools that require elevated permissions. Rooting Android rooting is like finding a skeleton key to your phone's operating system. Typically, you'll 1. Unlock the bootloader, 2. Flash a custom recovery, e.g. TWRP, 3. Install a root management tool like Magisk or SuperSU. Each phone and OS version has its quirks, so be ready for a few tries. The good news is that once a device is rooted, it generally stays that way unless you factory reset or upgrade the firmware. Keep in mind that iOS jailbreaks can be lost after a reboot, so Android sometimes offers a more persistent platform for testing.

Always follow trusted guides for your specific phone, improper routing can corrupt the software or introduce security holes. And, of course, back up your data before diving in. Example of routing a Pixel 3 APRO XY Think of a proxy like Burp Suite as your spyglass. It lets you see and modify all the traffic going in and out of the app. You'll catch insecure communication, flawed authentication, or shady requests. Setting up a proxy for mobile is similar on iOS and Android. You can find official instructions for each platform here. Things get tricky with certain frameworks Xamarin sometimes ignores system-wide proxy settings due to custom networking libraries. Flutter might respect proxies but could enforce certificate pinning, blocking you from viewing

traffic. To overcome these hurdles, you can tweak the code, use tools like Frida or Objection to turn off pinning or set up reverse proxies, e.g. Mytm proxy, to capture traffic. Adapting your approach as part of the fun app installation if the app isn't on the Google Play Store yet, common for pen tests, you'll likely have an APK file to sideload. You can share the APK through Google Drive or a direct download link. Another convenient option is using Firebase App Distribution, which organizes testing by sending out invites to stakeholders. iOS

On iOS, a physical device also offers the most genuine testing experience. You can dive into hardware-specific features such as Face ID, Touch ID, and sensors while also capturing realistic network interactions. If you're buying or using a personal device, consider models known to be simpler to jailbreak, since not all iPhones are equally friendly to this process. If you need virtual iOS devices, Corellium provides powerful cloud-based testing, though it's not free. Most testers still rely on a physical device for thorough checks. Jailbreaking iOS Jailbreaking feels a lot like removing the padlocks Apple puts on ITS devices.

You gain root privileges, letting you install tweaks, explore hidden file directories, or run advanced pentesting scripts. Popular tools include UncZero, Veer, and Checro1n. The best choice depends on your iOS version and device model. Remember, newer devices can be tougher to jailbreak. Some jailbreaks don't survive a reboot, semi-untethered, always back up your iPhone before messing with system files. Also note that certain security layers are automatically reactivated when your device restarts, so you may need to re-jailbreak every time you power up. App installation iOS apps come in IPA files, similar to APKs on Android.

On a jailbroken phone, you can install IPAs using file managers like Filza or apps like Sideloadly. For a more official route, developers often rely on TestFlight, which lets them invite testers via email. Just tap the link, and iOS handles the rest. Setting up your environment properly, choosing the right devices, virtual or physical, configuring proxies, and understanding how to sideload apps ensures you will be ready for the deep dive into an app's internal workings. It might take some tinkering, but once you've got that perfect setup, the real pentesting can begin. Static analysis. Sassed. Now let's move on to examining the app itself, without fully running it. This ice like reading the blueprint of a castle before you step

inside. We look for hard-coded secrets, insecure configurations, and other issues in code or config files. Key areas to focus on, 1. Hardcoded secrets API keys, tokens, credentials, and encryption keys sometimes end up directly in the source code. If attackers reverse engineer the app, they can pluck these secrets out with minimal effort and impersonate users or services. 2. Insecure configurations, overly permissive permissions debug flags left enabled or improper signing can all punch holes in your app's armor a single setting like ns allows

arbitrary loads in an ios info plist or android debuggable equals true can open the door to man in the middle mighty m attacks are unprotected debugging. 3. Sensitive data exposure storing session tokens are personal info in plain text on the device, logs, shared preferences, local files, as a recipe for disaster. Anyone with physical access or a rooted, jailbroken phone could snoop around and steal valuable data, no brute force required. 4. App logic and flaws Often, the root issues come from how features are implemented. When essential checks, like authentication, are missing or not strictly enforced, attackers can easily bypass your defenses. Similarly, weak cryptographic functions or unsecured app components can also make life easy for anyone probing your app. MSTG Checklist. The mobile security testing

guide, MSTG, offers a thorough checklist to help you tackle static analysis methodically. MSTG Storage 1. Sensitive data is not stored unencrypted on the device. MSTG Storage 2. No sensitive data is stored in shared storage. MSTG Crypto 1 one proper use of cryptographic algorithms and libraries mstg network one secure communication channels e g https tls mstg code 1 absence of hard-coded secrets in the source code mstg code 3 Code obfuscation is applied appropriately. MSTG Resilience 1. Protection against reverse engineering. MSTG Resilience 2. Debugging capabilities are disabled in production. MSTG Privacy 1. Proper handling of user permissions and private data.

SAST Tools. Various tools can help you dissect your code, configs, and binaries without running the app. MobSF, mobile security framework. Use. Plug in an APK, IPA and MobSF will generate a detailed report. It'll list potential misconfigurations, suspicious permissions, or hard-coded secrets. Bonus. It also has some dynamic features, making it a neat all-in-one solution. APK tool, Android, use. Decompile and then recompile an APK to see what's inside. This is perfect for reading Android manifest. XML, examining resources, or adjusting the app. JADX, Android, use. Convert Dalvik bytecode. Dex, into readable Java. Great for spotting lines of code with potential vulnerabilities, like API keys. Class dump, Hopper, Ghidra, iOS.

Use. Extract Objective-C class headers, class dump. Or disassemble iOS binaries, Hopper, Ghidra. If the app's been Swiftified, you'll also see Swift metadata. Examples, Android information disclosure. Android apps can be decompiled from their APK files using tools like APK Tool, JADX, or MobSF. This process reveals source code, application structure, and sensitive components like Android Manifest, XML or Smalley files, which can expose app logic and permissions. Backslash dot. Allowing clear text traffic. Attackers can exploit unencrypted HTTP communication for eavesdropping or tampering. Debuggable application. Anyone with a device or emulator can attach a debugger and rummage through sensitive data or logic.

Hard-coded API keys. A quick decompile with a PK tool or JADX reveals these keys, allowing attackers to impersonate the app or access backend services unauthorized. Sensitive data in plaintext. If tokens or user details are stored in plaintext, a rooted device can easily extract them. iOS misconfigured info. Plist. Apple enforces secure connections by default, so overriding this opens up the app to mighty em risks or unencrypted traffic. Decompilation tools like ClassDump, HopperDisassembler, and Ghidra extract the app's IPA file content, including Objective-C classes, method names, and binary files. Dynamic Analysis, DAST. If static analysis is studying a castle's blueprint,

dynamic analysis is walking around inside the castle while checking every door and window. We run the app, watch how it behaves, and see if we can exploit any weaknesses in real time. Key areas to focus on. 1. Network communication. Make sure your app's data isn't leaking during transit. If your app relies on HTTP or improperly configured HTTPS, an attacker can step in, intercept, or even modify the data. The same goes for missing or weak SSL TLS certificate pinning. Exposing your app to man-in-the-middle, mighty M, attacks. 2. Authentication and authorization Even if your login screens and user roles look sound on paper, the real test is whether someone can bypass them at runtime.

For instance, can an attacker reuse session tokens or guess them? Does the app time out correctly or does it keep sessions open forever? 3. Runtime integrity and security checks Many apps try to detect if a device is rooted, Android, or jailbroken, iOS, and then refuse to run or block certain features. During dynamic analysis, you want to see if you can slip past these checks by hooking into the app's code, so you can keep testing anyway. If you can easily bypass these measures, attackers can, too. 4. Data leakage during execution Does the app log sensitive information,

like passwords or tokens, in plain text? When you switch apps or background the device, is the screen captured with confidential data still showing? This sort of unintentional, breadcrumb, trail can lead attackers right to the treasure. 5. API and server-side verification The app might look secure from a client perspective, but if the backend API doesn't validate user permissions or input, an attacker could tweak requests on the fly to gain unauthorized access or break the system. It's crucial to test both the client and server behaviors in tandem. MSTG Checklist The Mobile Security Testing Guide, MSTG, also covers dynamic analysis. Here are some checks to keep in mind.

MSTG Resilience 1. App detects and prevents tampering or reverse engineering attempts. MSTG Resilience 2. App detects rooted or jailbroken devices. MSTG Resilience 3. App validates the integrity of its code and resources at runtime. MSTG Network 1. App encrypts all network traffic using strong cryptography. MSTG Network 3. App enforces certificate pinning where applicable. MSTG Platform 1. App does not rely on platform security mechanisms alone and enforces security measures independently. MSTG Auth 2. App properly enforces session timeouts and user re-authentication requirements. MSTG Storage 4. App does not log sensitive data to system logs.

MSTG Storage 5. App does not store sensitive data in an insecure location mstg crypto 1 app uses up-to-date cryptographic algorithms for runtime operations backslash dot think of these like a roadmap for your real-world tests they help you systematically poke at every door and window to confirm it's locked down dast tools unlike sast which focuses on code inspection d DAST revolves around running the app and checking. Below are popular tools to make that process smoother. Burp Suite, OWASP Zapuse. Both are intercepting proxies that let you capture and modify traffic between the app and backend servers. Ideal for spotting insecure endpoints, session flaws, or data leaks.

Free to use. A dynamic instrumentation toolkit that hooks into running processes helping you bypass ssl pinning root jailbreak detection or other client side restrictions common free to commands action command attached to a running process list all running processes inject a custom script trace specific functions hook a specific function Drozor Android use focuses on scanning Android components such as activities services broadcast receivers and content providers for security weaknesses common Drozor commands action command connect to a device enumerate activities interact with exported activities test for SQL injection objection use built on Frida, but with simpler commands for tasks like disabling SSL pinning or exploring the app's file system.

Perfect if you're not a scripting guru. Common objection commands action command attached to a running app disable SSL pinning print application info. Examples. Android network interception and modification. By routing Android traffic through a tool like Burp Suite, testers can intercept and modify requests. For instance, if the app sends credentials over HTTP or fails to validate TLS certificates properly, an attacker could perform man-in-the-middle, mighty M. Attacks, session tokens, personal data, or payment info could be exposed or manipulated.

Debug logs revealing sensitive data. Anyone with a DB or a malicious app could read these logs and exploit them. Insecure activities, content providers. Using Drozr, testers can discover exported activities or content providers that require no authentication. If data is returned without proper permissions, attackers can read or modify Ouzer's info. Bypassing root detection. Tools like Frida or Objection let you bypass root detection or SSL pinning checks at runtime. Attackers on rooted phones can continue testing or hooking into sensitive functions, revealing secrets or tampering with app logic. iOS jailbreak detection bypass. Many iOS apps won't run if they detect a jailbroken phone. With Frida, you can hook and override the detection

method. Attackers can run the app on compromised devices and rummage through data or hooks. Sensitive data in system logs. On jailbroken devices or via external log collection, attackers harvest sensitive data directly. Common challenges in mobile pentesting platform fragmentation. Android devices vary widely in OS versions, custom ROMs, and manufacturer modifications, making testing complex. Application security measures. Features like SSL pinning, root, jailbreak detection, and obfuscation can hinder pentesting. Limited access to source code, black box testing often requires reverse engineering with tools

like APK Tool or JADX, which can be time-consuming. Dynamic analysis restrictions, sandboxing, memory protection, and the need for rooted, jailbroken devices complicate real-world workflow tests. Network security and traffic inspection, SSL pinning, certificate validation, or VPNs might prevent standard MightyM proxies. Tools like Frida, Burp Suite, and Mitemproxy become essential for bypass. Frequently asked questions, FAQ, what is mobile pentesting? It's testing how secure a mobile app is by simulating real-world attacks, looking for any cracks before the attackers do. Why is mobile pentesting important? Because smartphones hold a huge amount of personal and financial data, they are prime

targets for cybercriminals. What are the main steps? Set up a controlled environment, do static analysis, SAST, do dynamic analysis, DAST, document findings, and retest after fixes. What tools do I need? Burp Suite or ZAP for traffic interception, MobSF for scans, APK tool, JADX, Android, ClassDump, Hopper, iOS, plus hooking tools like Frida or Objection. How often should we pen test? After major updates, new features, or significant infrastructure changes. Ideally, integrate it into C, CD for continuous checks. What are common vulnerabilities? Insecure data storage, no HTTPS, hard-coded secrets, poor session management, and misconfigured APIs.

Can everything be automated? Not really. Tools can automate some scans, but manual testing uncovers trickier logic flaws or complex business rules. Do we need to test both Android and iOS? Yes, each has unique security models and pitfalls. Is it legal to pen test? Absolutely, if you have explicit permission from the app owner. Otherwise, it's illegal. Where do I start? Study the OWASP Mobile Security Testing Guide, MASTG. Learn basic reversing and practice with open-source apps or sample targets. Conclusion Mobile pen testing is like a grand quest. You start by gathering gear, tools and devices,

then scout the terrain, SAST, and finally take a hands-on approach, dassed, to find every weak spot. By doing this regularly and reporting your findings, you'll keep your apps solid and your users safe. Remember, software evolves every day, and so do threats. Make pentesting a continuous part of your development lifecycle, because the best way to secure a kingdom is by never letting your guard down. About the author this article was prepared by Anastasia Tolkacheva, a security testing engineer at Socrano, and reviewed by Alex Rozniatovsky, the CTO of Socrano. Anastasia has over five years of hands-on experience in penetration testing and security assessments. She specializes in testing web applications,

infrastructure, both on-premises and cloud, and mobile platforms, iOS and Android. Her expertise spans black box, gray box, and white box methodologies, alongside proficiency in vulnerability assessments and source code security reviews. Alex has seven years of experience in development and cybersecurity. He is an AWS open source contributor dedicated to advancing secure coding practices. Hicexpertise bridges the gap between software development and security, providing valuable insights into protecting modern web applications. Mobile Pentesting Guide. References. Tools and resources 1. Mobile Security Framework MobSF. 2. APK Tool. 3. JADX. 4. Burp Suite. 5. Frida. 6. Drozer. 7. Objection. 8. Genymotionflutter. 12. Platform Tools. 13. Magisk. 14. RootChecker. 15.

Checkra1n. 16. UNC0Vir. 17. Filza. Guides and Articles 1. OWASP Mobile Top 10. 2. OWASP Mobile Application Security. 3. OWASP MASTG. 4. NIST SP 800-163. 5. Download and Install Android Studio. 6. Configuring an Android Device to Work with Burp Suite. 7. Configuring an iOS Device to Work with Burp Suite Professional. 8. Hacking Xamarin Apps. Thank you for listening to this Hackernoon story, read by Artificial Intelligence. Visit hackernoon.com to read, write, learn and publish.