The Good Tech Companies - Lumoz Launches SVM as a Service, Supporting the Integration of ZK and TEE Multi-Proof for SVM L2

Episode Date: January 20, 2025

This story was originally published on HackerNoon at: https://hackernoon.com/lumoz-launches-svm-as-a-service-supporting-the-integration-of-zk-and-tee-multi-proof-for-svm-l2. Lumoz SVM Stack delivers ultra-high transaction throughput and processing speeds for the SVM chain. Check more stories related to web3 at: https://hackernoon.com/c/web3. You can also check exclusive content about #solana-blockchain, #lumoz, #layer1-blockchain, #svm-as-a-service, #svm-based-l2-chains, #tee-technologies, #zk-technology, #good-company, and more. This story was written by: @lumoz. Learn more about this writer by checking @lumoz's about page, and for more stories, please visit hackernoon.com. Through an efficient scaling architecture and optimized algorithms, Lumoz SVM Stack not only delivers ultra-high transaction throughput and processing speeds for the SVM chain, but also ensures robust security and decentralization features.

This audio is presented by Hacker Noon, where anyone can learn anything about any technology. Lumos launches SVM as a service, supporting the integration of ZK and TEE multi-proof for SVML2 by Lumos, formerly Opside. Hash hash background In recent years, the rapid development of blockchain technology has catalyzed innovation across various sectors such as DeFi, NFTs, and AI. Solana, a high-speed, low-cost blockchain, has garnered significant attention thanks to its unique consensus mechanism and high throughput. In large-scale application environments, SVM-based L2 chains or application chains offer vast market potential.

Against this backdrop, Lumos, based on the SVM execution layer, integrates cutting-edge ZK&T technologies to propose an innovative SVM chain solution, Lumos SVM Stack, offering a fresh perspective to the industry. With its efficient scaling architecture and optimized algorithms, Lumos SVM Stack not only provides ultra-high transaction throughput and processing speeds for SVM chains but also ensures robust security and decentralization. Architecture. Lumos SVM stack is a versatile L2 solution built on the SVM transaction execution layer, utilizing a modular architecture that divides functions into independent modules, ensuring flexibility and scalability. The architecture includes several core layers,

Ethereum and Solana as settlement layers, Celestia, Avail, etc. for data availability and support for SP1 and SGX proof types. These designs, coupled with the SVM execution environment, form an efficient and customizable modular Layer 2 solution. Ultimately, Lumos SVM stack aims to become the fastest and most versatile SVM-driven Layer 2 solution globally. Solana lacks a global state tree, which is essential for securely settling off-chain execution results back to L1. To solve this, Lumos combines the core functionality of the global state tree with a sparse Merkle tree, LSMT, using cryptography to verify execution results across the network's scaling, ensuring the security and consistency

of both on-chain and off-chain operations. This innovative solution not only enhances Lumos's scalability and security but also provides a reliable cross-chain execution mechanism for the blockchain ecosystem. Built on the Solana Agave client code, Lumos SVM stack ensures compatibility with the Solana mainnet while leveraging Solana's parallel execution capabilities and unique transaction data structure. Through optimizations in storage logic and performance parameters, Lumos SVM stack maximizes Solana native performance advantages, further boosting system efficiency and scalability. This architecture design allows for seamless migration of existing DAPPs from the

Solana ecosystem to the Lumos SVM stack network without requiring any changes to program code. The solution reduces resource and cost requirements while maintaining consistency with Solana's tools and developer stack, providing developers with lower migration costs and higher development efficiency. Core components. Shared sequencer. Lumos SVM stack employs a decentralized and transparent transaction sequencing mechanism, ensuring efficient scalability and trustworthiness within the network. In terms of security, speed, and decentralization, the shared sequencer enhances system throughput and capacity by batching multiple transactions, reducing the number of individual transactions processed by the base layer. Additionally, Lumos SVM stack provides strong support for

transaction sequencing, enhancing overall performance. Stateless validators. The stateless validator contract in Lumos SVM stack breaks down full validation tasks into smaller components and distributes them across the validator network. This design significantly reduces hardware requirements for participants, making it easier for nodes to join or leave the network without needing access to the full blockchain state. This not only enhances system flexibility but also lowers participation thresholds, encouraging broader node participation. Data Availability Although Solana imposes strict transaction size limits that can challenge aggregation-based data

availability, DA, solutions, Lumos SVM stack extends the DA framework to overcome the limitations of Solana's native DA solution. This design ensures the security and decentralization of data management while retaining the ability to conduct data audits on Solana, ensuring blockchain auditability and transparency. Key technologies, SVM compatibility and parallel efficient execution Solana's SVM, Solana Virtual Machine, provides a highly efficient smart contract execution environment that supports parallel transaction processing and state-independent design. This allows the system to execute multiple transactions simultaneously, improving throughput

and reducing latency. SVM supports languages such as Rust and C, enabling developers to build high-performance decentralized applications that drive rapid growth in the Solana ecosystem. Importantly, SVM's parallel execution leverages Solana's unique transaction data structure. In Solana's network, each transaction initiator declares the account information required for reading and writing in advance. This structure enables SVM to efficiently process transactions in parallel, ensuring no conflicts in reading or writing to the same account. Consequently, merely adapting SVM to other execution frameworks does not provide the same advantages of parallel processing. To maximize these benefits, Lumos uses Solana

Client as the foundational execution framework, fully exploiting SVM's parallel execution capabilities, thereby ensuring efficient transaction processing and low-latency performance throughout the system. Support for multi-proof LUMOs offers a robust multi-proof pipeline capable of converting assembly-level instructions from different execution clients into algebraic or polynomial proof systems. This design enables L Lumos to integrate multiple backends, such as Supernova, Halo 2, and eStark, allowing for encoding arithmetic and moving away from reliance on a single protocol. This flexibility enhances scalability and adaptability.

In addition to ZK proofs, Lumos innovatively incorporates SGX to generate proofs through trusted execution environments, T. The code executed in SGX mirrors that executed in ZKVM, serving as a lightweight execution client. This ensures that all proof systems validate the same underlying execution, facilitating potential data reuse. In SGX environments, necessary data is signed with standard ECDSA signatures, and the signing process is completed using SGX-specific private keys. The T guarantees both the confidentiality and integrity of computations, validating them through remote proofs. Greater than T. Intel Software Guard Extensions, SGX, enables trusted execution, environments, T, by providing a set of security instructions

embedded in greater-than-certain Intel CPUs. This technology ensures strong cryptographic assurances, greater-than-protecting computations in the secret memory space from being accessed or greater-than-observed by unauthorized parties. This multi-proof pipeline design equips Lumos with a more efficient, secure, and adaptable solution, optimizing performance and ensuring compatibility across platforms and protocols. It fosters innovation in decentralized verification and data security, advancing the forefront of blockchain technology. SMT-based Cryptographic Settlement Protocol – LSMT, Lumos's sparse Merkle Tree, LSMT, is a pioneering

cryptographic data structure that combines the strengths of traditional Merkle trees and Patricia trees, optimizing the storage of large numbers of key value pairs. Unlike traditional Merkle trees, LSMT stores only the necessary nodes, typically those containing an empty values or those on paths leading to values in the leaf nodes. This sparse design significantly reduces storage space requirements. A key advantage of LSMT is its ability to generate compact Merkle proofs that verify whether a specific key value pair is included in the tree without revealing the exact value. This design improves both storage and computational efficiency, making LSMT especially suitable for scenarios that require efficient data consistency verification. In Layer 2 solutions,

LSMT plays a crucial role in state commitment and verification. State commitment involves submitting off-chain transactions, Layer 1 state, to the Layer 2 solution. By submitting this state to layer 1, participants in layer 2 can validate the validity of off-chain transactions without disclosing the full state or requiring layer 1 to process each transaction. This method enhances cross-chain verification, reduces dependency on the base layer, and boosts system scalability and privacy protection. Conclusion Lumos, by combining SVM, ZK, and T technologies, offers a highly efficient, secure, and flexible SVM-based universal L2 application chain solution. Through the parallel processing advantages of the

SVM execution layer and the use of sparse Merkle trees, LSMT, for data validation, Lumos enhances transaction throughput and processing speeds while ensuring security and decentralization. sparse Merkle trees, LSMT, for data validation, Lumos enhances transaction through put and processing speeds while ensuring security and decentralization. Lumos's multi-proof pipeline technology, which includes ZK and SGX proofs, strengthens secure transaction execution, improving cross-chain interaction and data processing efficiency. As decentralized applications and blockchain technology evolve, Lumos's architecture provides a more flexible development environment, reduces transaction costs, and promotes the broader adoption of blockchain technology across industries.

Looking ahead, Lumos is poised to become one of the most versatile and scalable layer 2 solutions, supporting the further development of public blockchains like Solana and laying the foundation for sustainable innovation within the blockchain ecosystem. Thank you for listening to this Hackernoon story, read by Artificial Intelligence. Visit hackernoon.com to read, write, learn and publish.