The Pete Quiñones Show - Reading Solzhenitsyn's '200 Years Together' w/ Dr Matthew Raphael Johnson - Part 43

Episode Date: June 11, 2025

53 MinutesPG-13Dr. Matthew Raphael Johnson is a researcher, writer, and former professor of history and political science, specializing in Russian history and political ideology.Pete and Dr. Johnson continue a project in which Pete reads Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn's '200 Years Together," and Dr' Johnson provides commentary.Dr Johnson's PatreonRusJournal.orgTHE ORTHODOX NATIONALISTDr. Johnson's Radio Albion PageDr. Johnson's Books on AmazonDr. Johnson's Pogroms ArticlePete and Thomas777 'At the Movies'Support Pete on His WebsitePete's PatreonPete's SubstackPete's SubscribestarPete's GUMROADPete's VenmoPete's Buy Me a CoffeePete on FacebookPete on TwitterBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/the-pete-quinones-show--6071361/support.

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head on over to the piquinez Show.com. There you can choose from where you wish to support me. Now listen very carefully. I've had some people ask me about this, even though I think on the last ad, I stated it pretty clearly. If you want an RSS feed, you're going to have to subscribe through substack

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I can do what I'm doing with Dr. Johnson on 200 years together and everything else. The things that Thomas and I are doing together on continental philosophy, it's all because of you. And yeah, I mean, I'll never be able to thank you enough. So thank you. The Pekingona Show.com. Everything's there. I want to welcome everyone back to part 43 of our reading of 200 years together by Alexander Solzhenison. Dr. Johnson, what's happening today?

Well, I'll tell you what's happening. My cat, mouse, kill count is up to six. I'm very, very proud of them. You know, I live in a farmhouse, converges farmhouse, and you're going to get mice. And not all cats are mousers, not all of my six cats are care, but the ones that do are very talented. And I know Stanley, who's now 10 years old, taught his younger sisters how to do it. And now the babies are slaughtering mice. If it wasn't for them, they'd be at least six mice running around the house.

And that's, plus I have two dogs, rat terriers who are, rat terriers are also supposed to be rodent catchers, hence the name. So that's what's happening. It's a great thing. I knew they were going to do well in that department. Stanley is an accomplished mouser. He's killed many mice in his day. And now he kind of gets to kind of semi-retire. And now the babies that he's taught do it for him.

It's like a whole sociological, whole soap opera world we live in over here. Well, it's escalating because I think as of last week you told me, you were up to four. So that would be two in the last week. Yeah. I guess they're not telling each other that they're cats here. But without them, I think we'd be in serious trouble. It would be a full on blitzkrieg.

Yeah. And we definitely can't have that. But the cats are earning their keep. All righty. All right. Picking up where we left off last time. At the Tribune of the Duma, Shulgween proposed an explanation similar to that at Tolstoy. Quote, the posse justice is very widespread in Russia as in other countries.

What happens in America is rich in lessons regarding this. Posse justice is called lynching. But what has recently happened in Russia is even more terrible. It is the form of posse justice called pogrom. When the power went on strike, when the inadmissible attacks on the national, sentiment and the most sacred values for the people remain completely unpunished, then, under the influence of an unreasoned anger, it began to do justice to itself. It goes without saying that in such circumstances, the people are incapable of differentiating between the guilty and the

innocent. And in any case, what has happened to us, it has rejected all the faults on the Jews. Of these, few guilty have suffered, for they have been clever enough to escape. abroad. It is the innocent who have massively paid for them. Cadet leader F. Rotashev, for his part, had the following formula. Anti-Semitism is the patriotism of disoriented people. Let us say where there are Jews. Well, cadet, as I've mentioned before, that's your establishment liberal party. That was very popular in the first, the first Duma. They were anti-royalists. But this man, and we've come across him before, he's being very naive. He's acting like Jews or a normal people that have a handful of bad apples, and that we know that's not the case.

We've come across mountains of evidence that that's not the case. They have differentiated between guilty and innocent. The few guilty, there's no evidence that it's few, especially amongst young people. although we did mention yesterday we came across where there was a few of the older Jews who tried to restrain them saying that this is really bad for business but you know that doesn't necessarily mean they're not revolutionaries

that just means that they don't want the state coming down on but this kind of posse justice is absolutely necessary when you're coming under attack and the state is nowhere to be found especially in a very Jewish city where you have Jews in the halls of power, they have no choice. The left, the Zionists, the Jews were organized extremely well. Coming up here in a little while, we're going to see the first mention of the Black 100,

which came out of this situation. There's a reason it came out of this situation. They had something like 600,000 members for this very reason. and called the Union of the Russian people. They were very popular, despite the fact that Vita didn't like them very much. So this guy, he's kind of talking like an American politician. And it's typical for what's going on in the Duma at the time.

I don't think that is similar to what Tolstoy said. I think we ended with Tolstoy last time. And lynching, as we all know, in the U.S. was not a racial matter at all. It occurred in places where law enforcement broke down at the end of the Civil War. If the state is incapable of dispensing justice, then natural law tells us

that the best armed citizens are obligated to take over, at least for a while. And that's exactly what happened here. I think he's being very condescending to Russians in Ukraine at the time. Well, I mean, he's also saying, oh, there was no differentiation between the guilty and the innocent.

We've already seen that in one incident, the car rights were spared because, you know, they knew who they were. And then he's saying the few guilty have suffered, for they have been clever enough to escape abroad. So, I mean, he can't run from the fact that these didn't, it wasn't like these. just out of pure hatred. These happen for a reason, even in his own words. Right. A very specific

reason. Right. And Russins showed great patience up until this point. The czar had been too weak to defend his power by the law, and the government proved its pulpit anonymity. Anemity. I have no idea what that word means, but geez. I sort of like sniveling weakness. Oh, yeah, that makes sense now that I say it, look at the roots. then the petty bourgeois, the petty traders and even the workers, those are the railways, the factories, the very people who had organized a general strike revolted, stood up in a spontaneous way to defend their most sacred values, wounded by the contortions of those who denigrated them, uncontrolled, abandoned, desperate, the mass gave free reign to its rage

in the barbaric violence of the pogroms. this is very odd for Shultan Ethan to be talking like this. He goes back and forth with his assessments, which I think, you know, is he's wont to do. Zah wasn't a weak man at all. The problems here were entirely at the local level, and the local level here were hundreds of miles away from Petersburg. It all came down to miscommunication,

a lack of experience and different agencies thinking that someone else is going to take care of it and therefore the people had to take over the Russians had to take over and handle it

so on the one hand he he doesn't like the concept of the program but he says yeah it's they've been attacked therefore in a spontaneous way they've defended their most sacred values and in the case of a contemporary Jewish writer who is also lacking in sagacity when he persists in asserting that undoubtedly

Zarist power played a major role in the organization of anti-Jewish pogroms. We find in a nearby paragraph, we are absolutely convinced that the police department was not sufficiently organized to implement simultaneous pogroms in 660 different places that same week. The responsibility for these programs is not solely and not so much for the administration, but rather for the Russian and Ukrainian population in the pale of settlement. Well, we've already said, we said it last, last time. If this number is true, 660 towns, cities, this guy can't handle the fact,

you know, the writer who he's quoting here, can't handle the fact that this is popular democracy. They don't have to be manipulated. Shelton Eaton said it said it very well. they were attacked and they and they fought back. If the monarchy wanted to end the Jewish problem, he would have simply made a deal, I shouldn't say simply, made a deal with the Turkish government

and had them removed. After World War I, the Turks and the Greeks did the exact same thing with the population transfer between the two powers. It's been done before. And because these were so, you know, they were kind of clumsy. This didn't come from the state apparatus.

They can't enforce much of anything, especially when it comes to the Jews. So this is a lot of, this is a lot of post facto reasoning. You catch them in the corner of your eye. Distinctive, by design. They move you, even before you drive.

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Step outside and be captivated by the wild Atlantic surrounds. Your five-star getaway, where every detail is designed with you in mind. Give the gift of a unique experience this Christmas with vouchers from Trump Dunbeg. Search Trump-Ireland gift vouchers. Trump on Dunbiog, Kush Farage. On the latter point, I agree as well. But subject to a reservation, and it is of size, the Jewish youth of this time also carries a heavy share of responsibility in what happened. Here manifested itself a tragic characteristic of the

Russian-Ukrainian character without attempting to distinguish which of the Russians or Ukrainians participated in the pogroms. Under the influence of anger, we yield blindly to the need to blow off some steam without distinguishing between good and bad, after which we are not able to take the time, patiently, methodically for years if necessary, to repair the damage. The spiritual weakness of our two peoples is revealed in the sudden outburst of vindictive brutality after a long some some no let some no let i can't pronounce that word i know exactly what that word means i can look at the yeah i can look at the the root and everything but somnolens somnolens i think some nolens yeah some no lessons i don't know we find the same impotence on the side of the

patriots who hesitate between indifference and semi-approval, unable to make their voice heard clearly and firmly, to guide opinion, to rely on cultural organizations. Let us note in passing that at the famous meeting at Vitas, there were also representatives of the press of the right, but they did not say a word. They even acquiesce sometimes to proper's impertinences. Another secular sin of the Russian Empire tragically had its effects felt during this period. The Orthodox Church had long since been crushed by the state, deprived of all influence over society, and had no ascendancy over the popular masses, an authority which it had disposed of in ancient Russia and during the time of the troubles, and which would soon be lacking very much during the Civil War. the highest hierarchs were able to extort the good Christian people for months and years, and yet they could not even prevent the crowd from sporting crucifixes and icons at the head of the pogrom.

I think Shulton Ethan's exaggerating. I understand exactly what he means. I have a book coming out on the Russian 18th century where the church was under attack by a Masonic state, a revolutionary state, in fact. He's referring to the synodal system that was imposed, taken from the Swedish Lutheran model, where at least the top hierarchs were placed under direct state control, just like any other state agency. A lot of the property of the monasteries was taken and they were put on state salaries. Peter wanted to ban monasticism entirely. It took the entire 19th century for the church to recover.

There's a lot of Russian nationals who don't want to deal with that. there was no canonical regularity at all. Bishops were thrown in prison. They were arbitrarily chosen. The church was purged a hundred times in the 18th century. Now, like me, Schulzen-Etsin is very sympathetic to the old believers. I think when he was in America, he went to a few different Orthodox churches. But I know he was very sympathetic to the old believers, as am I, partially for this

reason. But it's an exaggeration to say that it had no ascendency over the popular masses. You had great saints in this era. You had great hierarchs in this era. You know, St. John of Cronstadt being one of the most famous. Previous to him, you had St. Sarah from Ms. Ravreu. You had, you know, the Optina monastery was huge. It was taking in, you know, thousands of pilgrim. You had, you know, the monasteries in the far north. So he's exaggerating a little bit, but I understand where this is, where this is coming from. The Union of the Russian people, which we're going to hear about here at a second, did have the church's blessing. And many, especially the lower clergy like St. John, became a part of it.

It was also said that the programs of October 1905 had been organized by the Union of the Russian people. This is not true. It did not appear until November 1905. an instinctive reaction to the humiliation felt by the people. Its program at the time had indeed global anti-Jewish orientations, quoting, the destructive anti-governmental action of the Jewish masses, solidarity in their hatred for everything Russian and indifferent to the means to be used.

In December, its militants called on the Seminovsky regiment to crush the armed insurrection in Moscow, yet the Union of the Russian people, which was ultimately made legendary by rumors and fears, was in reality only a shabby little party lacking in means whose only raison d'etra was to lend its support to the autocratic monarch, which, early as the spring of 1906, had become a constitutional monarch.

As for the government, it felt embarrassed to have support for such a party, so that the latter, strong of its two or three thousand local Soviets, composed of illiterates and incompetence found itself in opposition to the government of the constitutional monarchy and especially to Stolopin. From the Tribune of the Duma, Poroskevich interrogated in these terms the deputies, since the appearance of the monarchist organizations have you seen many pogroms in the palest settlement. Not one, because the monarchist organization struggled and struggled against Jewish predominance by economic measures, cultural measures, and not by punches.

These measures were they so cultural, one might ask, but no pogrom is actually known to have been caused by the Union of the Russian people, and those which proceeded were indeed the result of a spontaneous popular explosion. A few years later, the Union of the Russian people, which from the start was merely a masquerade, disappeared in the midst of general indifference. One can judge of the vagueness that surrounded this party by the astonishing characteristic that is given in the Jewish encyclopedia. The anti-Semitism of the Union of the Russian people is very characteristic of nobility and great capital.

Yeah, and there's somewhat of a distinction between the Black Hundreds and the Union of the Russian people. It's almost as if to say the Black Hundreds were the Nillot and Dwing, so to speak. Sultanitsyn's position is that in many ways they weren't affiliated at all. but a lot of the so-called infamy comes from Lenin. Lenin, his persecution of the church was saying this is, you know, to destroy the black hundreds, or black hundred clergy was his favorite phrase. Putish Gavich is one of the people who murdered

Rasputin, who, you know, was a very different kind of a royalist, and it gets quite complicated here. The Jewish Encyclopedia, of course, with this kind of thing, you can't trust anything they say. Freemasonry was important at the high levels of Russian nobility, which at this point, they were living in cities. It's not like they had these biggest states. That was gone.

They had professions now in the cities. And the way that nobility worked in Russia at the time, after Peter, you went up the bureaucratic ladder. And at a certain level, like we have, you know, G1, G2, G3, at a certain level you were granted nobility. The old hereditary concept, it may have still existed, but it wasn't really all that significant. But yes, in St. Petersburg, Freemationary,

and hence liberalism and phylo-Semitism, it didn't completely predominate, though. You had lower-level guys, lower-level bureaucrats, military men, policemen, all these that knew exactly what was going on. The Orthodox Church still was very popular. As was Nicholas, as was the metropolitan of Moscow, as was the metropolitan of St. Petersburg. So, you know, but as far as the Jewish encyclopedias is concerned, you know, they may have a slight kernel of truth, but then they exaggerate it and turn it into something that's almost unrecognizable.

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TV and broadband sold separately. Terms apply for more infoosies sky.a slash speeds. There is another mark of information. me, all the more indelible as its outlines are vague. The Black Hundreds. Where does that name come from? Difficult to say, according to some, this is how the Poles would have designated out of spite the Russian monks who resisted victoriously the assault of the Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius in 1808 to 1609. Through obscure historical channels, it reached 20th century and was then used as a very convenient label to stigmatize the popular patriotic movement that it spontaneously formed.

It was precisely its character, both imprecise and insulting, that made it a success. Thus, for example, the four KDs who became emboldened to the point of entering into negotiations with Stolopin were denounced as KD Black Hundreds. In 1909, the Milestones Collection was accused of propagating in a massed form the ideology of the Black hundreds. And the expression became commonplace for a century, although the Slavic populations totally dismayed and discouraged, were never counted by hundreds, but by millions. In 1908 through 1912, the Jewish Encyclopedia published in Russia, in its honor, did not interfere in giving a definition of the black hundreds. The Jewish intellectual elite of Russia had in its ranks

sufficient minds that were balanced, penetrating, and sensible. But during the same period, before the First World War, the Brockhouse-Effron Encyclopedia proposed a definition in one of its supplements. Quote, the Black Hundreds has been for a few years the common name given to the dregs of society focused on pogroms against Jews and intellectuals, end quote. Further, the article broadens the statement, quote, the phenomenon is not specifically Russian. It appeared on the stage of history in different countries and at different times. And it is true that in the press after the February Revolution, I think, the expression, the Swedish black hundreds. A wise contemporary Jewish author rightly points out

that, quote, the phenomenon which had been designated by the term black hundreds has not been sufficiently studied. Well, this is pretty important because this is the first time, as far as I know, this argument was ever put out. And this is definitely Solson-Etson speaking here. I was always taught and in most of the textbooks that the Union of the Russian people and the Black Hundreds were one and the same thing it took me a while to realize

that that was simply Leninist propaganda the word 100 in Russian was an old pre-petrine that is to say medieval something along the lines of a regiment not quite a division but what we would used to call a regiment smaller but not too small.

and I think ultimately it harkens back to the um um um um operetta of Ivan the Terrible who also you know wore black like their uniform and they wore black men heavy boots and all that stuff um you know but I certainly wouldn't trust anything that the establishment would say about

them but keep in mind throughout all of this that um this is a phenomenon that's occurred because of what the Jews and revolutionaries have done. They were trying to take over the city. They've killed at this point. I forget, you know, I'd say 1906, something like 10,000 bureaucrats, policemen, even innocent people have been assassinated by the leftist militias. Very, very Jewish. Of course, they succeeded in murdering, Alexander II.

after the manifesto, the violence that occurred in the heavily Jewish cities. And the state not really being in a position to do a whole lot about it created this demand. It was still a healthy society, especially compared to ours. It was a healthy society. So the best people had to organize themselves for their own safety. And, you know, of course, they were orthodox. They were monarchists. Russia was.

a monarchist state. But the right wing had, you know, different factions. I mean, I always was sympathetic to the slavophiles, the medievalists, the old believer types, like Komiakov Kadyevsky. But I mentioned, you know, Puskevich, they were more petrin. They were more statist. There were more European empire builders. These are very different attitudes to have.

And I mean, the Russian nationalists. think that Peter the Great was a wonderful man. And that's, that's hard for me to swallow. And that's why I decided to write a book on the topic. So I'm writing three books at once because I'm a psycho. And I don't care about my mental health, I guess.

But it has to be done. But this was a popular organization against the evil. And they didn't even know how bad this evil was. We know now what the Soviet Union was. But they didn't. They didn't really.

There were some, like St. John, again, did understand what was going on. He did refer to this as a, you know, this is a good versus evil fight. And if these people take over, we're all going to die. Anthony Kropovitsky, a few others understood what the revolutionary movement was and what the Jewish irrational psycho-hatred of the Goyam, especially Russian Orthodox, especially of the royalists. These groups come out of that. context is extremely important.

This is a healthy response to the state. You know, it shouldn't be up to the state anyway. You know, the riots that, you know, that the non-whites, which is usually a, you know, usually white women are doing it, you know, it shouldn't all be up to the police. You know, we should have our own militias out there that do fighting, that do the fighting. We can't do that.

at least not today. But back then they could. And they outnumbered the Jews and the revolutionaries and the Zionists and everything else. They weren't as well armed. And it seemed almost that the state would turn on them before they would turn on the Jews. And I think the reason for that is pressure from Britain, France, and the U.S., not so much from Germany. but to the extent to which the black hundreds were a piece of the Union of the Russian people,

I think that's what he means. That's the particular phenomenon that hasn't been fully studied yet. But this kind of scruple is totally foreign to the famous Encyclopedia Britannica, whose authority extends to the entire planet. Quote, the Black Hundreds or Union of the Russian People or Organization of Reactionary and anti-Semitic groups in Russia constituted during the Revolution of 1905. unofficially encouraged by authorities, the black hundreds recruited their troops for the most part from the landowners, the rich peasants, the bureaucrats, the police, and the clergy. They supported the Orthodox Church, autocracy, and Russian nationalism, particularly acted between 1906 and 1911.

Well, before we get to Solzhenitsyn's response to this, this, to this day, is still being put out as fact by history professors and even journalists in this stupid history. Street Channel. Black hundreds overwhelmingly were of the lower, lower peasantry or professionals. Landowners, the peasants were the landowners. I don't know what century, the Britannica thinks they're talking about here. Bureaucrats very much were split. I don't know how the bureaucrat could be in St. Petersburg could be a member of the Union of the Russian people in Odessa. So I don't know, they're throwing these names out there.

The police, of these already known, have been cleared of all association. The clergy, in many cases, they're right about that. But this is your typical, you know, just throwing out, you know, shooting until you hit something kind of language. I understand this typical Marxist crap. This is in an encyclopedia, but it's absolute garbage. naturalism has always been a middle class, lower middle class phenomenon and a rural phenomenon. And the same thing for royalism. I don't know what rich peasant he's talking about.

It sounds like he's justifying the murder of the Ku Klux. But the whole concept is that only the wealthy and the well-connected would support Russian nationalism, which is utter absolute garbage. strikes were occurring because these Jewish revolutionaries were forcing them to do so, because they were well armed. So, you know, and now Solzhenitin is going to respond to that, but this is just the garbage that it's infuriating, but this is taken as sophisticated intellectual understanding of Russian history by saying crap like this today.

One remains stunned before so much science, and this is what is being read to all cultivated humanity, quote, recruited their troops for the most part from the landowners, the rich peasants, peasants, the bureaucrats, the rich peasants, the bureaucrats, the police, and the clergy. It was thus those people who smashed the windows of the Jewish shops with their sticks, and they were particularly active after 1905, when the column had returned. True, in 1905 through 1907, there were actions against landowners. There were even more pogroms against the Jews. It was always the most ignorant and brutal crowd that ransacked the looted houses and property,

massacring people, including children, and even cattle. But these massacres never led to condemnation on part of the progressive intelligentsia, while the deputy in the Duma Herzenstein, in a speech in which he took with passion and reasoned the defense of small peasant farms, alerting parliamentarians of the danger of an extension of the fire of rural estates, exclaimed, the illuminations of the month of May last year are not enough for you. When in the region of Saratov, 150 properties were destroyed particularly in a single day. These illuminations were never forgiven. It was, of course, a blunder on his part, from which it would not be, which it should not

be inferred that he was glad of such a situation. Would he have used this word, however, about the pogroms against the Jews of the preceding autumn? Well, the answer is obviously no, and they're aware that they're inconsistent, but they're leftists. They love violence so long as it's against their enemies. They certainly are going to hate any kind of violence against their friends. You know, it's not like they're going to, they're so worried about people being harmed. They don't care about that. They have no problem with mass murder.

But, you know, you can't go to these people and say, why are you so inconsistent? Well, there's a good reason why they're inconsistent because they're leftists and they believe in violence and they love their enemies being killed or destroyed or neutralized or whatever when their friends are attacked or they're going to be upset it's really not that complicated. Air Grid, operator of Ireland's electricity grid is powering up the Northwest. We're planning to upgrade the electricity grid in your area

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TV and broadband sold separately. Terms apply for more invoice that sky.8 slash beads. It was not until the great, the real revolution, that the violence against the noble landlords was heard. They were no less barbaric and unacceptable

than the pogroms against the Jews. There is, however, in the left-wing circles, a tendency to consider as positive the destruction of the old political and social system. Yes, there was another frightening similarity between these two forms of pogroms. The sanguinary crowd had the feeling of being in its right. Well, there's one good thing about recent scholarship on Imperial Russia. And in my own very first book, where I saw it in my very first book where I saw, cite in my bibliography a lot of these people that yes,

the peasantry did control the land. A landowner was somebody who who was a peasant with maybe a larger farm than others, but they were all still peasants. Nobles were

not heavily involved in the countryside anymore. There were a handful, I guess, and if they were, they were very close to Moscow in the central regions. but you know Russia was a peasant state and that's hard for a lot of people to accept Russell was very different from the rest of Europe at least in that regard and the commune was far more powerful I mean every country had communes even America had some variation of it but in nowhere was was enshrined in law like it was in the Russian Empire and these communes were fairly large they were landowners and of course they have to

After Witte's reforms, Stolipin, they could go off on their own. The peasant land bank was created by Alexander III that offered non-usurious loans. Usually got canceled. You didn't have to pay it back for peasants to go via. Russia, land is not a problem there. And they're trying to settle peasants in Siberia that never had any kind of feudalism whatsoever. I don't think feudalism works for Russia at any time, except maybe in the central Moscow district.

But so, you know, you're talking about landowners. You know, the monasteries didn't own land. Generally speaking, they were usually on state salaries, which is a shame. But a lot of this stuff comes from Lenin, comes from his propaganda. As he's, you know, burning the country, he's justifying it this way. Of course, you had some wealthy landowners. who may have been members of the nobility. And I'm willing to bet,

like in Anna Karinana, for example, I'm willing to bet that there were high-level Freemasons and had no interest in royalism or conservatism. So this is a problem. I know too much about it, so I can't stop my mouth. But the pogroms there were very different. And usually a peasant Jacques-Rae, which at this point was almost impossible, came from a violation of a contract.

There was no feudalism. That ended, but little there was, ended in 1861. It usually had something to do with the violation of the contract. I spent a lot of time talking about the Lena Goldmine, so-called massacre, have the paper out on it. We talked about it, and it's just, I think we talked about it, about. how you know how it's completely misconstrued all of this stuff is leftist violence is always misconstrued peasants were not leftists they had a very different reason for resorting the violence i don't think you can compare uh pogroms in the cities versus any peasant violence at all

i think it's impossible we all know when the soviet union took over the peasants were enemy number one they refused to be collectivized and uh it was a state of substantial civil war maybe not wide-scale civil war, but significant civil war, right up until the German invasion. The last pogroms against the Jews took place in 1906 in Sedlitz in Poland, which is beyond our scope. And in Bialestock during the summer, soon after, the police stifled the program in preparation in Odessa after the dissolution of the first Duma. And Bialestock was constituted the most powerful of the anarchist groups in Russia, here in Important bands of anarchists had made their appearance.

They perpetrated terrorist acts against owners, police officers, Cossacks, military personnel. The memories left by some of them make it possible to represent the atmosphere of the city very clearly in 1905 through 1906. Repeated attacks by the anarchists who had settled in the street day surrage where the police did not dare go anymore. It was very common for policemen on duty to be assassinated in broad daylight. This is why we saw fewer and fewer of them. Here is the anarchist Nisselfarber. He threw a bomb at the police station,

wounding two peacekeepers, a secretary killing two bourgeois who were there by chance, and lack of luck perished himself in the explosion. Here is Gulenker, also known as Aaron Eileen, who also launched a bomb, which seriously wounded the deputy chief of police, a commissioner, two inspectors, and three agents. Here is another anarchist whose bomb wounds an officer and three soldiers hurts him as well, in fact, and unfortunately kills a militant of the Bund, that's quoting. Here again, it is a commissioner and a peacekeeper who are killed.

There are two gendarmes, and again the same gulinker kills a concierge. Apart from the attacks, the expropriation of consumer goods was also practiced. Food had to be eaten. The authorities lived in fear of an uprising of an uprising of the anarchists in the street of Suraj. The police had taken the habit of expecting such an unsurprising for today, tomorrow, or the day after tomorrow. The majority of the anarchists were leading toward a resolute armed action in order to maintain as much as possible an atmosphere of class war. You know, anarchy in Russia, it's a fascinating phenomenon because it was born there. But you had a national anarchist movement that was the Slavophiles.

Their focus was on ethnicity and the agrarian commune. And, of course, the church and the Paris community as well. They tended to be anti-statist except for, you know, broad issues like, you know, the Army and things like that. As I mentioned before, but Coonin said that Kadyiski hated the state even more than I did. And I think what he meant was the Petrine state, the new state that was built when the capital moved to St. Petersburg.

Very different story. Still was much smaller than the state in Germany or England or France. But it was a very different, you know, the so-called enlightened absolutism, which, of course, was the... dominated the 19th, sorry, the 18th century. Anarchism is a joke. I mean, they have nothing but, you know, they have no systematic ideology. Bukunin, I have Bukunin collected works here in my office.

He tried to build something. It's really just an emotional rejection. They seem to think that society, once the central power is destroyed, the people will then be freed and will form communes and everything. and you know we know today in 2025 the u.s now the drug dealers and and the most powerful oligarchs would take over and rule you know i like like a feudal society that's what happened in russia in the 1990s

so you had very different types of anarchism at the time anarchism doesn't really have an agenda other than destruction they use a lot of buzzwords you know at least more Marxism has some more systematic understanding, and anarchists don't get along for obvious reasons. But both, I mean, the leftist socialism, unlike national socialism or the Slavophiles, they have nothing that holds a society together. Everything is purely negative, the rejection of monarchy, the rejection of what they think capitalism is, or whatever, landlords, whatever the target is, but they have nothing to replace it. They reject nationalism. They reject religion. So what's going to hold people together? And it really is just a purely negative phenomenon.

I don't take it very seriously. In 2025, it's just a bunch of kids who want to sound cool. They know that if they attack, you know, someone like me or you, they're not going to get in trouble for it. You know, they can listen to punk rock and think they know something. but otherwise, you know, it's not that even Mori Bukchen left anarchism and created something else. And I think there's way too many people even for that. One of my advisors in grad school was one of these people. But of course, he even said there's simply too many people for any kind of anarchist scheme to work. I don't think they had the support that this report is suggesting here.

but it was born in Russia, it was created in Russia. Initially, the two founders, Bakunin and Krapotkin, they were not Jews. But later on, it became, as we see here, Nyssel Farber, that is not a Russian name. Jews loved it, but I think they had more, there was more of a percentage in it for them, for Marxism and then Leninism, than anarchism. Air Grid, operator of Ireland's electricity grid is powering up the Northwest. We're planning to upgrade the electricity grid in your area and your input and local knowledge are vital in shaping these plans.

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12 month minimum terms, standard pricing thereafter. TV and broadband sold separately. Terms apply for more infoosies sky.a slash speeds. To this end, terror was also extended to the Jewish bourgeois. The same Farber attacked the head of a workshop, a certain Kagan. Quoting, at the exit of the synagogue, he wounded him seriously with a knife in the neck. Another little patron lift chits suffered the same fate. Also, the wealthy Wynreich was attacked in the synagogue,

but the revolver was of poor quality and jammed three times. There was a demand for a series of significant, gratuitous, actions against de bourgeois. The bourgeois must feel himself in dark of death at every moment of his existence. That's a quote. There was even the idea of disposing all along the main street of Bielastock. Infernal machines to blow up the entire upper class at once. But how to transmit the anarchist message?

Two currency merged in Bialystok, the gratuitous terrorists and the communards, who considered terrorism to be a dull and, mediocre method but tended towards the armed insurrection in the name of communism without state. To invest in the city, to arm the masses, to resist several attacks by the army, and then to drive them out of the city, and, at the same time, to invest in plants, factories, and shops. It was in these terms that during meetings of 15,000 to 20,000 people, our speakers called for an armed uprising. Alas, the working masses of Yelostok, having withdrawn from the Revolution

vanguard that they themselves had suckled from, it was imperative to overcome the passivity of the masses. The anarchists of Bialystok thus prepared insurrection in 1906. Its course and its consequences are known as the pogrom of Bialystok. Well, I mean, at least the Jewish anarchists are being somewhat consistent. That wouldn't be the case later on. It certainly wouldn't be the case today. The only thing that anarchists in the, in the, In Britain, the U.S. ever do is attack right-wing meetings. They don't attack the bourgeoisie. They don't attack the money markets or the or go to go to Manhattan, attack Wall Street.

They've made their peace with that. They're just a tool that the regime could use. They never seem to get into any trouble. They always have plenty of bail money. I've experienced this myself. I was in the street for some time. the communard it refers to the parish commune

which kind of split the difference between anarchism and an early version of socialism which always been romanticized by the by the left in general but this you know 20,000 people

well they weren't there because they were all anarchists they were there for various legitimate you know union things and factory things you had plenty of political meetings at the time but they would love to hijack them and they admit that by saying that we have to force them

to go on strike we have to force them to join us and you know they create a bubble where they think that anyone on their side is a is a worker matter how wealthy they might be all of these groups were the playthings of the wealthy that used them for various reasons from the French Revolution on down but as far as anarchism as such, it was just purely a negative phenomenon. Well, I think it's obvious to see that it's the wealthy too.

It says, and at the same time, to invest in plants, factories, and shops, that's not being done by, you know, the proles and peasants and, you know, people just off the Stettle who have nothing. So, yeah. It all began with the assassination of the chief of police, which took place precisely in this street de Chirage,

where the Jewish anarchist organization was concentrated. Then someone shot or threw a bomb on a religious procession. After that, a commission of inquiry was dispatched by the state Duma, but alas, three times alas, it failed to determine whether it was a shot or some sort of whistling. Witnesses were unable to say. This, the communist Dementstein, wrote very clearly 20 years later, that a firecracker was thrown at an orthodox procession as a, a provocation. No one can exclude the participation of the Bund, who, during the best months of the

1905 Revolution, had burned with a desire to move to armed action, but in vain, and was withering away to the point of having to consider renewing allegiance to the Social Democrats. But it is, of course, the anarchist of Bialystok themselves, who manifested themselves with the most brilliance. Their leader, Judas Grossman-Roshanen, recounted after 1917, what this nest of anarchists was. Above all, they were afraid of yielding to a wait-and-see approach into a common sense. That's a quote. Having failed in organizing two or three strikes because of the lack of support from the population, they decided in June 1906 to take charge of the city and expropriate the tools of production. Quote, we considered that there was no reason to withdraw from Bialystok

without having given a last-class struggle that it would have come down to capitulating in front of a complex problem of a superior type. If, quoting, we do not move to the ultimate stage of the struggle, the masses will lose confidence in us. However, men and weapons were lacking to take the city and Grossman ran to Warsaw to seek help from the armed faction of the PPS, Polish socialist. And there, there he heard a news agent shouting, bloody pogrom and Bialystok, thousands of victims. Everything became clear. The reaction had preceded us. Keep in mind that within the Russian Empire, places like Finland and Poland were almost completely independent. Those movements were entirely used to attack the monarchy. I mean, they

lived their own life. It was like, you know, they couldn't have a separate foreign policy, but even sometimes there, they did. There were governors that were appointed, but in general, they did their own thing. Same thing, even more so for Finland. But it's funny to me, you know, anarchists are supposed to believe in freedom. They're supposed to believe in the rejection of coercion, and yet every single thing they do here is they're forcing people to do things. It's a complete rejection of what they claim. Sometimes I think they just use the word because it has a certain emotional punch to it. Everything that

every one that I've ever come across the left wing ones want to force everyone to do everything. It's you know and that's what they're doing here. This was like a golden age for Russian for Russian anarchism. It will be completely destroyed

by the Bolsheviks and never to show its face again. But you know everything that we're talking about here and everything they're talking about now is based on force. You know, forcing, you know, people who go on strike forth. This doesn't sound like anarchism to me. So at least, you know, Marxists are more, and Leninists are more consistent about it.

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get one gig sky broadband, essential TV and Netflix, all for just 44 euro a month for 12 months, our lowest ever price. Availability subject location, new customers only, 12 month minimum terms, standard pricing thereafter, TV and broadband sold separately. Terms apply for more infoosies sky.a slash speeds. I think possibly we should cut it there

because he's about ready to get into the meat of what happened, the reporting there. So, and I think it goes several paragraphs. So, yeah, let's cut it there. And make this one a little bit shorter. And yeah, that's it. Just want to remind everybody, please go support Dr. Johnson's work. Do that on his Patreon.

There's multiple links in the show notes, and there's multiple links where the videos are. And, yeah, please help Dr. Johnson out. He does this full time. There's no way he's going to. I don't think at any point, there's any hope in you making it back in academia at this point. No, no, not after 2020, especially. And what they started doing there. I still have a few friends, but, you know, and my record is extraordinary.

Students love me. You know, my evaluations were through the roof, which also cost me. It was a certain professional resentment over that. I wasn't an easy professor either. I was pure lecture, just like on my shows. No, it isn't going to happen. And it's conceivable, maybe like a community college thing. I've done that already.

But given everything I've done the last, I just say this, the last 10 years, I mean, it's almost inconceivable that that would happen. It would have to be a new style, you know, right-wing kind of institution that would consider me. I'm very experienced. I'm very good at what I do But these days, after 2020 And the campus has taken over Even worse than before After the riots

You know, I'm pretty content And I'm content Because I have my friends My readers and listeners Who support me financially So I can continue to work And write eight books at once Whatever the heck I'm doing

And of course, someone has to feed the cats They're not going to eat mice They only kill them. Dr. Johnson, I will talk to you in a few days. Thank you very much. All right, my friend. Bye-bye.