The Pete Quiñones Show - Reading Solzhenitsyn's '200 Years Together' w/ Dr Matthew Raphael Johnson - Part 75

Episode Date: October 1, 2025

49 MinutesPG-13Dr. Matthew Raphael Johnson is a researcher, writer, and former professor of history and political science, specializing in Russian history and political ideology.Pete and Dr. Johnson continue a project in which Pete reads Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn's '200 Years Together," and Dr' Johnson provides commentary.Dr Johnson's PatreonDr Johnson's CashApp - $Raphael71RusJournal.orgTHE ORTHODOX NATIONALISTDr. Johnson's Radio Albion PageDr. Johnson's Books on AmazonDr. Johnson's Pogroms ArticleThe Unmentionable Genocide: New Khazaria, the Russian Revolutions and Soviet Legality in the 1920s by Dr. Matthew Raphael JohnsonWith Friends Like These. . . Patriarch St. Tikhon, General Anton Denikin and the Defeat of the White Armies, 1917-1922 by Dr. Matthew Raphael JohnsonThe Orthodox Nationalist: Karl Marx “On the Jewish Question” (1844)Pete and Thomas777 'At the Movies'Support Pete on His WebsitePete's PatreonPete's SubstackPete's SubscribestarPete's GUMROADPete's VenmoPete's Buy Me a CoffeePete on FacebookPete on TwitterBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/the-pete-quinones-show--6071361/support.

You catch them in the corner of your eye. Distinctive, by design. They move you, even before you drive. The new Cooper plugin hybrid range. For Mentor, Leon, and Terramar. Now with flexible PCP finance and trade-in boosters of up to 2,000 euro. Search Coopera and discover our latest offers. Coopera, design that moves.

Finance provided by way of higher purchase agreement from Volkswagen. Financial Services, Ireland Limited. Subject to lending criteria. Terms and conditions apply. Volkswagen Financial Services Ireland Limited. Trading as Cooper Financial Services is regulated by the Central Bank of Ireland. Ready for huge savings? We'll mark your calendars from November 28 to 30th

because the Liddle Newbridge Warehouse sale is back. We're talking thousands of your favourite Liddle items all reduced to clear. From home essentials to seasonal must-habs. When the doors open, the deals go fast. Come see for yourself. The Lidl Newbridge Warehouse Sale, 28th to 30th of November. Lidl, more to value.

Discover five-star luxury at Trump Dunebeg. Unwind in our luxurious spa. Savour sumptuous farm-fresh dining. Relax in our exquisite accommodations. Step outside and be captivated by the wild Atlantic surrounds. Your five-star getaway, where every detail is designed with you in mind. Give the gift of a unique experience this Christmas, with vouchers from Trump Dunebeg.

Search Trump-Ireland gift vouchers. Trump on Doonbiog, Kush Faragea. If you want to get the show early and ad-free, head on over to the piquinez Show.com. There you can choose from where you wish to support me. Now listen very carefully. I've had some people ask me about this, even though I think on the last ad,

I stated it pretty clearly. If you want an RSS feed, you're going to have to subscribe your substack, or through Patreon. You can also subscribe on my website, which is right there, Gumroad, and what's the other one? Subscribe Star.

And if you do that, you will get access to the audio file. So head on over to the Pekignonez Show.com. You'll see all the ways that you can support me there. And I just want to thank everyone. It's because of you that I can put out the amount of material that I do. I can do what I'm doing with Dr. Johnson on 200 years together and everything else.

The things that Thomas and I are doing together on continental philosophy, it's all because of you. And yeah, I mean, I'll never be able to thank you enough. So thank you. The Pekingona Show.com. Everything's there. I want to welcome everyone back to our reading of 200 years together by Alexander Solzhenieson, episode 75. Dr. Johnson, how are you doing today? Well, I have some good news.

We have a new addition to the family. A absolutely stunning three-month-old Maine Coom, Kitten. She is, you know, I was always iffy about that breed because they look so different from every other domestic cat. But now I can't get enough of it. She is Susie Cream Cheese. I hope at least a couple of your listeners know, what that refers to.

And absolutely, absolutely a stunning kitten. And now we're going through the adjustment period, you know, where they're hissing and they don't know what to do. So, but she doesn't give a damn. The house that we got her from was so, there were so many cats and dogs there. I mean, it was, it was healthy. I mean, it was there were all right. It wasn't like it was filthy or anything. But there were so many cats and dogs there that this is like nothing with all the cats and two dogs. We have seven cats and two dogs.

That's nothing compared to this house. Also, I saw the in the main coon is the biggest naturally occurring domestic house cat. And I saw the biggest. His name was Maximus. He lives there.

He was humongous. He was like a medium-sized dog, even a larger dog. He was sitting there He hardly even looked at us. And that's this kitten's grandfather. So I don't know what's going to happen. Her mother's pretty big. Size-wise, I'm not sure what to expect.

But if her grandfather's anything to say about it, she's going to be huge. She has these huge mitts, pause. So I don't know. I don't know what she's going to be dominating the household pretty soon. One of her ears is bigger than her whole head. Yeah. Yeah, with the big tufts coming from them. She already has those.

Yeah. The tough's coming from her paws. It's such a distinctive breed. No other, no other breed of cat looks like them. They had the lion face. She already has it in kittenhood. So,

so, you know, we got the new house. And so a new addition makes sense. And, but I'm happy to say we're not as crazy as the other woman. that we got her from. We look moderate compared to the one we got her from, so we feel much better about ourselves.

All right. My lord. All righty. Starting a new chapter today. Chapter 17, immigration between the two world wars. Let's get at it. As a result of the October coup in the subsequent civil war,

hundreds of thousands of Russians citizens emigrated abroad. Some retreated in back. battles, other simply fleeing. Among those emigrants were the entire surviving combat personnel of the White Army and many Cossacks. They were joined by the old nobility who were so strikingly passive during the fateful revolutionary years, although their wealth was precisely in land or estates. Many former landowners who failed to take their valuables with them, upon arrival to Europe, had to become taxi drivers or waiters. There were merchants, industrialists, financiers, quite a few of whom had money safely deposited abroad, and ordinarily citizens too, of whom not all were well educated, but who could not bear to stay under Bolshevism.

The immigration is a phrase that, you know, we who specialize in Russian orthodoxy, Russian history, we use it, the immigration. and they tend to be, I mean, the stereotype is that, you know, very right wing for obvious reasons. And this paragraph hits on it. Somehow silent, didn't do anything regardless of wealth or whatever they had. But partially that's because the nobility were all over the place politically. The old nobility supported the Reds. They supported liberals. They supported the monarchy.

same thing goes for merchants industrialists and financiers we're talking about russian here not jews so um but the immigration became essentially a government in exile that was consistently opposing the soviet state from almost its creation until its fall and um central, eventually, someone in China, someone to, ultimately found its resting place in New York,

New York City, Our Lady of the Sign, Paris, which I've been many, many times. That's where I decided I was going to be Orthodox. Thanks to these people.

It's an extraordinary place. And there's no doubt that the KGB has tried to infiltrate it. I'm sure they have. you have many many decades ago but the immigration and then all of a sudden what they what these guys wouldn't do

over the in the last few decades now they're defending the monarchy they're defending Russia they're doing all this you know they weren't doing this during the war it's bizarre how they just simply refused to do anything

then the minute they go into emigrate essentially exile they they start writing and wonderful things. I mean, you know, but there have been,

of course, the point of it is, is that non-Russians now understand it. Sarah from Rose, me, you know, we're,

we're, the latter part of, we're affected by that immigration. Wasn't for our lady of the sign in Manhattan. I wouldn't, I wouldn't have even touched upon this stuff. and I saw it from, you know, these were these were true royalists there.

You know, I have the Russian Imperial Union order. I used to be in New Jersey. I'm not sure where they are now. Wrote me a wonderful letter saying, I want to this you Americans who understand Russia. If I said that before, well, too bad. It's all connected. These were all, there was dozens of immigration groups.

And so we're talking about non-Jus. These are all monarchists. You had all kinds of organizations founded. Why didn't they found these before? It drives me crazy. But don't think, you know, nobility all over the place. Many of the masons, the industrialist financiers. This is also why the West had to build their industry.

Russia up until 1914 wasn't industrialized. Look, the overwhelming majority of Germany was rural. Same thing goes for France. So that can't be the standard. There was nothing, you know, the industry was growing very, very fast in Russia. They had a much better factory legislation program, but than elsewhere. but so that's not a myth I wanted to get out of the way

now you know you can't take land with you although I have to say that the army itself had very few landed men officers with landed wealth very very few

with the Octoberst in the Duma they are very few these were men who came up the ranks through their own merits. And I say all this because these are all Bolshevik talking points then and now. But the point to remember is that the immigration, you know, usually use the capital E, the immigration was a constant thorn in the side of the Soviet Union because you know these people knew. They knew the system, they knew the language, they knew had people in there.

they were, you know, inside of Russia. They were smuggling all kinds of things. When I was with the Ukrainian, Ukrainians in Lincoln, they had specialized, these people unfortunately are all dead now, in smuggling things. And they were creating books, you know, the church fathers and stuff like that,

that were fairly, oddly small. And I asked them, I said, why are they so tiny? And maybe they're like this. So we could sneak them in easier. You could put them in a pocket. You can't have a normal book that could be taken. This is something that's easier to hide.

So that parish of St. George was specializing in sneaking in this stuff, literature into Ukraine and parts of Russia. So they were a constant thorn in the side of the Soviet Union. You catch them in the corner of your eye, distinctive. By design, they move you even before you drive. The new Cooper plugin hybrid range. For Mentor, Leon, and Terramar. Now with flexible PCP finance and trade-in boosters of up to 2,000 euro. Search Coopera and discover our latest offers.

Coopera. Design that moves. Finance provided by way of higher purchase agreement from Volkswagen Financial Services, Ireland Limited, subject to lending criteria, Terms and conditions apply. Volkswagen Financial Services Ireland Limited. Trading as Cooper Financial Services is regulated by the Central Bank of Ireland. Ready for huge savings? We'll mark your calendars from November 28 to 30th

because the Liddle Newbridge Warehouse Sale is back. We're talking thousands of your favourite Liddle items, all reduced to clear. From home essentials to seasonal must-haves. When the doors open, the deals go fast. Come see for yourself. The Liddle New Bridge Warehouse Sale, 28th to 30th of November.

Little more to value. And now she's chock of Reh-Vos'nees in the hamciere. It's leargoal to the law Gouye and not art Gereina in Aondoon and lehands de Gaela

to give a small father to Gawrater Deirin. In Ergird, we're dig tour in Woonagh with Foonivein'an Woonah. Tah uschrata

on a engage a anguctrachachachos onus in all the Tull and Pobble tariff at the Tashashy. It's Ere

A-Coo-Dwagin. Many emigrants were Russian Jews. Of more than 2 million emigrants from the Soviet republics in 1918 and 1922, more than 200,000 were Jews. Most of them crossed the Polish and Romanian borders and later emigrated to the USA, Canada, and the countries of South America and Western Europe. Many repatriated to Palestine.

The newly formed independent Poland played an important role. It had a large Jewish population of its own, before the revolution and now a part of those who left Poland during the war were returning there too. Poles estimate that after the Bolshevik Revolution, 200 to 300,000 Jews arrived in Poland from Russia. This figure could be explained not only by increased emigration, but also by the rearrangement of the Russian-Polish border. However, the majority of the Jews who left Russia in the first years after the revolution settled in Western Europe. For example, around 100,000 Russian Jews had gathered in Germany by the end of World War I.

Yeah, the other center was Paris. New York City and Paris for the Russians, not for the Jews. Paris had a reputation of being a bit more liberal and Masonic. It was the YMCA had financed some of their stuff there. I'm not saying they didn't publish some good things. They did. While the, these called the Kholovsi Synod, because they originally formed in Yugoslavia.

And that ended up in New York City. And that became, of course, as many listeners know, the Russian Orthodox Church abroad or the Russian Orthodox Church outside Russia who spread all of this stuff, monochism and orthodoxy, to Americans to the rest of the world. You had a substantial number in China.

prior to their revolution. And you had some in Australia, too. A handful of the Cossacks ended up going to Central Asia. But these became centers of resistance. It's a shame that they didn't exist prior to, prior to this. While Paris was from the beginning, the political center and unofficial capital of Russia in exile, the second, so to say, cultural capital of Russian immigration in Europe

from the end of 1920 until the beginning of 1924 was Berlin. There was also an intense cultural life in the 1920s in the Russian quarters of Prague, which became Russian exiles Maine University City. It was easier to settle in Berlin because of inflation. On the streets of Berlin, you could see former major industrialists and merchants, bankers and manufacturers, and many emigres had capital there. Compared to other immigrants from Russia, Jewish immigrants had. fewer problems with integration into the diaspora life and felt more confident there. Jewish immigrants were more active than Russians and generally avoided humiliating jobs. Mikhail Levitov, the commander of the Kornilov regiment who had experienced all sorts of

unskilled labor after immigration told me, quote, who paid us decently in Paris? Jews. Russian multi-millionaires treated their own miserably. Yeah, that's, you know, it's unfortunate. That's the, that's the curse of the right. Rich liberals are far more generous than rich right-wingers are. But remember, the entire church, God knows how much it's worth today, of Our Lady of the Sign in Manhattan, was donated by a family with the Ukrainian name. I can't think of it now, Kortelenko or something like that. but going to Berlin as I talk about

frying pan to the fire and pretty soon they're going to have to move you know so and there's no shock that now the Ukrainians that I lived among I didn't live with them I lived among them

in Lincoln who were already very elderly at that point all of them did very well financially. It took a little while. I show up at St. George, I wanted to learn about all of this.

Their children had abandoned them. It was nothing but elderly people. And they would tell me this stuff. They would say, our kids wanted to know, want to become rich Americans, you know, essentially liberals.

The old ways didn't have any interest in them. You guys were country bumpkins. Then I show up all these years later. This is an American. from an upper middle class family who now wants to work with them and learn from them. That parish is the reason I'm doing this today, a little tiny place in Lincoln, Nebraska. But all of them did very well, and they were constantly financing more people to come out during the Cold War. And you had leading families and everything else.

And they, for example, they paid off the, the mortgage of St. George, I think, within just a few years upon being built. Maybe a decade, I should say. They all did very well, and I wouldn't be here without them. Both in Berlin and in Paris, the Jewish intelligentsia was prominent. Lawyers, book publishers, social and political activists, scholars, writers, and journalists. Many of them were deeply assimilated, while Russian emigrants from the capitals mostly had liberal opinions which facilitate a mutual amity between the two groups, unlike the feeling between the Jews and Russian monarchist emigrants. The influence of Russian Jews in the entire cultural atmosphere of Russian exile between the two world wars was more than palpable. Here it is proper

to mention a very interesting series of collections, Jews in the culture of Russian exile published in Israel in 1990s and still continuing. Some Jewish families with a comfortable income opened Russian artistic salons, clearly demonstrating Jewish attachment to an immersion in Russian culture. There was a famously generous house of the Settlands in Paris. Many others, Ivy Gessens in Berlin, I.I. Fomideminsky Bunakoff's, tireless in his exile, tireless in his endless selfless care for Russian culture abroad. Sophia Pregel, Sonia Delon, Alexander, and Solemei, Galpern, were constantly engaged in the burdensome

business of providing assistance for impoverished writers and artists. They helped many, and not just the famous, such as Bunin, Remazov, Balmant, Teffi, but also among young poets, but also unknown young poets and painters. However, this help did not extend to white and monarchist emigrants with whom there was mutual antagonism. Overall, among all the immigrants, Russian Jews proved themselves the most active in all forms of cultural and social enterprise. This was so striking that it was reflected in Mihail Osorgans article, Russian loneliness, printed in the Russian Zionist magazine at Ossvet, reestablished abroad by Jabotinsky. You know, the Jewish immigration to Berlin, I think, had a tendency to stay there because you know what was going on at the time. And they were absolutely needed there.

They may, you know, I've regretted that. But many of them also ended up going to the Middle East. You had, most of these people were on the left of the political spectrum. Almost all of them were. So I don't know what Russian culture they're referring to here. It means the language. None of these have Russian names, you know, but you had a strong Zionist contingent coming out of there. And they tended to be anti-Bolshevik to some extent or another.

Now, don't forget, it was the Soviet Union that created Israel in the first place. They were the first to recognize it. They were the first to arm it out of Czechoslovakia. I have a paper of this explaining in depth it was Stalin's people at the UN who forced the issue through for recognition

and everything else the Kabwitsin had pictures of Stalin on the wall but when you think of it from a Jewish point of view let's say 1955 or something like that who's going to give you a better deal

a country that's that's still struggling to recover from from World War II or the Americans. But I say a lot of this because the Americans not rebuilt the USSR but then rebuilt it. Not just the Americans, but the West. All the Len least debt was canceled.

You know, I always tell people that war was made to make the world safe. The war was fought to make the world safe for Stalin. Back when there were a lot of war, World War II gets around. Now, if there's any, they're so old, they can't even, I don't want to talk to them. But I used to say you fought on the wrong side.

I got into so many fights about that. I said, you fought for Stalin. Don't you get that? You know, I said, well, my father was, my father was a combat Korean vet. Well, the Korean war wouldn't have happened. Had you fought for the right side. So, you know, none of those wars would have occurred.

But you had a lot of these institutions. I know we'll get into it here in a little bit. Russians actually started building these. They tended to center around the church, though. The church was, the church is Russian culture. I think these guys just kind of mean the language, Jewish literature. Jews in Russia, that's what they mean by Russian. You catch them in the corner of your eye.

Distinctive, by design. They move you. Even before you drive, the new Cooper plugin hybrid range. For Mentor, Leon and Terramar, now with flexible PCP finance and trade-in boosters of up to 2000 euro, search Coopera and discover our latest offers. Coopera, design that moves. Finance provided by way of higher purchase agreement from Volkswagen Financial Services Ireland Limited, subject to lending criteria.

Terms and conditions apply. Volkswagen Financial Services Ireland Limited. Trading as Cooper Financial Services is regulated by the Central Bank of Ireland. Ready for huge savings? We'll mark your calendars from November 28 to 30th because the Liddle Newbridge Warehouse Sale is back. We're talking thousands of your favourite Liddle items, all reduced to clear.

From home essentials to seasonal must-habs, when the doors open, the deals go fast. Come see for yourself. The Liddle New Bridge Warehouse Sale, 28th to 30th of November. Little more to value. And now this is over the hamster.

It's leargoal the law Gouah and not the Gereina in Aondoon and lehanda to ga'all to give a

father Gawlta Deirin. In Ergird we're dig through tawo in oneofe oneofe the oneof

a young lecturches onus onus to find out of the people Folom this mo, it's ergrid Pongai. Osorgon writes,

In Russia, there was not this Russian loneliness, neither in the social nor the revolutionary movement. I mean the depths and not just the surface. The most prominent figures who gave specific flavor to the whole movement were Slavic Russians. But after emigration, where there is a refined spirituality, where there is a deep interest in thought and art, where the caliber of man is higher,

there a Russian feels national loneliness. On the other hand, where there are more of his kin, he feels cultural solitude. I call this tragedy the Russian loneliness. I am not at all an anti-Semite, but I am primarily a Russian slav. My people, Russians, are much closer to me in spirit, in language and speech, in their specific national strengths and weaknesses. For me, it is precious to have them as my fellow thinkers and peers, or perhaps it is just more comfortable and pleasant.

Although I can respect the Jew, the Tatar, the Pole, in the multi-ethnic and not at all Russian Russia, and recognize each as possessing the same right to Russia, our collective mother as I have, yet I myself belong to the Russian group, to that spiritually influential group which has shaped the Russian culture. But now, Russians abroad have faded and given up and surrendered the positions of power to another tribe's energy.

Jews adapt easier, and good for them. I am not envious, I am happy for them. I am equally willing to step aside and grant them the honor of leadership in various social movements and enterprises abroad. But there is one area where this Jewish empowerment strikes me at the heart. Charity. I do not know who has more money and diamonds, rich Jews or rich Russians, but I know for certain that all large charitable organizations in Paris and Berlin can help poor Russian immigrants only because they collect the money needed from generous jewelry.

My experience of organizing soirees, concerts, meetings with all. authors has proven that appealing to rich Russians is a pointless and humiliating wasted time. Just to soften the tone of such an anti-Semitic article, I will add that, in my opinion, the nationally sensitive Jew can often mistake national sensitivity of a Slav for a specter of anti-Semitism. What an ass. You know, they all have equal claim to Russia? No, they don't.

The Russian people are the ones who created this. The Orthodox people created this over centuries. The left likes to quote the fact that the Russian Empire, the Russians were just barely a majority, but they don't include Ukrainians. They don't include Belarusians or other Slavs. And when you add them, of course, it's far higher. But typical of an empire, it's not a nation.

Typical of an empire, they're organized separately. They have their own organizations and their own republics and their own states. And also, I don't know why did he think this is anti-Semitic somehow? He just comes off as, this guy just comes off as, I don't know why he's even being quoted. It just sounds like the typical liberal that you would experience today in America. oh, you know, America, as long as they're a citizen, that they have as much a right to this country as the people who founded it. Precisely.

Osorgon's article was accompanied by the editorial, most likely written by the editor-in-chief Jabotinsky, based on the ideas expressed and with a similar style, to the effect that M.A. Osorgon has no reason to fear that the reader of Rosvett would find anti-Semitic tendencies in his article. There was once a generation that shuddered at the word Jew on the lips of a non-Jew. One of the foreign leaders of that generation said,

the best favor the major press can give us is to not mention us. He was listened to, and for a long time in progressive circles in Russia and Europe, the word Jew is regarded as unprinciple obscenity. Thank God that this time is over. We can assure a sorgon of our understanding and sympathy. However, we disagree with him on one point. He gives too much importance to the role of Jews and charity among refugees. First, this prominent role is natural. Unlike Russians, we were learning the art of living in diaspora for a long time, but there is a deeper explanation. We have received much more that is precious from the Russian culture. We will use it even in our future independent national art. We Russian Jews are in debt to Russian culture. We have not come close to repaying that debt. Those of us that do what they can to help it survive during these hard times or doing what is right. And we hope,

will continue doing so. I tend to think that he is in the minority among Jews. He, so he is a Jew. He says, we Russian Jews, so I'm not sure what he's worried about. But Shultan Ethan is correct

because the Russian and Ukrainian charity and bringing people over and getting them jobs and everything else. By the time I get, got there, it was in 90s, so it was, the Cold War was over, although something worse occurred. You know, I saw it, you know, I saw, I met these people. I spoke to these people. They did do quite a bit of it. I'm not, you know, I think, I think he may be right talking, you know, rich, rich Russians is just impossible at a time where, you know, everything was, was on the line. You know, this is a time to be generous.

They're supposed to be orthodox people. This is a time to be generous when, you know. But keep in mind, we're talking about 20s vaguely. There still was a strong opinion that the Bolshevik porn couldn't last long. They had no idea how to run an economy. They had no idea they were starving. And they weren't starving. but you know, their crop yields were nothing.

And regardless of all the aid that was coming from the West, which is odd if you're, you know, you're a Bolshevik. But what brought them through it was American and German investment. What I said before was that they had so many either killed in the war, killed in World War I, or leaving the country that there was no infrastructure to build industry. So where did Soviet industry come from? It wasn't, as Trotsky would say, it wasn't willing to existence by the sacredness of the proletariat. No, it came from the West. I've said this before.

I know you're sick of hearing it from me, but that's too bad. it's centrally significant here and you know Jews were on you know we're on both sides of that thank God for for Sutton you know who chronicled it in such great

in such great detail over three volume at least three volumes but that's what happened when I heard them say all these financial industrialists leaving so then where does Soviet industry come from where did the workforce come from And that is strong evident. I mean, Stalin even got to the point where he was worrying about Soviet independence

because they were so dependent on Western sources of industry. They want you to believe it's just sprung up out of nothing. It came from the Western world. That includes military things, as well as any other, your basic heavy industry things. However, let us return to the years immediately after the revolution. political passions were still running high among Russian immigrants, and there was a desire to comprehend what had happened in Russia. Newspapers, magazines, book publishers sprung up. Some rich men, usually Jews, financed this new liberal and more left-of-center Russian emigrant press.

There were many Jews among journalists, newspaper, and magazine editors, book publishers. A detailed record of their contribution can be found in the Book of Russian Jewry, now also in Jews in the culture of Russia in exile. Of significant historical value among these are the 22 volumes of I.V. Gessen's archive of the Russian Revolution. Gessen himself, along with AI Kamenkov and V.D. Nabokov and G.A. Landau after the latter's death, published a prominent Berlin newspaper, Rule, a kind of emigrant version of Wretch, speech. But unlike Milukov's brainchild, Joseph Gesson's position was consistently patriotic. Rule often published articles by G.A. Landau and I.O. Levin, whom I have amply cited,

and also articles by the famous literary critic U.I. Eichenwald. The political spectrum of Berlin papers ranged from Rule on the right to the Socialists on the left. A. F. Kerensky published Days, which provided a platform for such personalities as A.M. Kulisher, Junius, author of a number of sociological works and a Zionist from Jabotinsky's circles, S.M. Soloveket, the famous former Soviet, the famous former socialist revolutionary OC minor, he also wrote for the Prague Voliorelli, and the former secretary of the constituent assembly, M. V. Vishniak. In 1921, U.O. Martoff and R. A. Abramovich founded the socialist Harold in Berlin. It later moved to Paris and then New York. F. I. Dan, D.U. Dallin, P.A.

Garvey, and G. Y. Ironson, worked on it, among others. Yeah, I think that's a misprint. I don't think it's Gerald. I think we're right to say a herald. And then pretty soon they're going to be joined by the group that came over with Kerenzky. And it's going to be these Russian Jews

that eventually created the neocon movement. And I'm convinced that they used the word conservative deliberately. There's nothing conservative about them. You know, foreign intervention was one thing during the Cold War. And sometimes, you know, they were useful.

Anything that would do damage to that system was fine by me. But after 1991, everything changed. And they proved that their concern was anti-Russia, not anti-Soviet. They saw Stalin especially as some kind of a Russian-Georgian nationalist, which is outrageous. He was at war with Russia at an ethnic group. He said this over and over again. His policies that the Leningrad purge. You know, he was very clear about this.

The constant, you know, Russia was being milked by all the outer republics constantly for money and for resources. Russians had no say in that kind of thing. So, but beyond that, yeah, this is not a good thing because you had now, what, 300,000 Jews overwhelmingly on the far left of the political spectrum, but not Bolsheviks, realizing that this is chaos over there now. I could make a lot of money in chaos. Coming to the West, they had their people already there. It was obviously very easy for them to plug back in. It really didn't matter. And, but on the other hand, you know, there weren't a whole lot of Slavs at this point in the West.

They had to start from the ground up. Jews didn't have that problem. And they're so focused on cohesiveness and organization, a Jews are, that, you know, they just outplayed everybody. you know, they often were anti-anti-communists. It was what they, one of my professors said years ago. So they were, they were, you know, I mean, Trotsky was identical in every way with Stalin in terms of policy, in terms of even how it was carried out. But only in the bitterness of his exile, was he challenging everything that was going wrong there.

as if he would have done anything different if you were there. Because frankly, some of the policies that he criticized, he actually came up with. There's no, I want to make it clear to everybody. Stalin, Lennon, Trotsky, there was no essential difference among any of those three.

Ideology or policy. You catch them in the corner of your eye. Distinctive. By design. They move you. Even before you drive. The new Cooper plug-in hybrid. range.

For Mentor, Leon, and Terramar. Now with flexible PCP finance and trade-in boosters of up to 2,000 euro. Search Coopera and discover our latest offers. Coopera.

Design that moves. Finance provided by way of higher purchase agreement from Volkswagen Financial Services Ireland Limited. Subject to lending criteria. Terms and conditions apply. Volkswagen Financial Services Ireland Limited Trading as Cooper Financial Services

Services is regulated by the Central Bank of Ireland. Ready for huge savings, we'll mark your calendars from November 28 to 30th because the Liddle Newbridge Warehouse Sale is back. We're talking thousands of your favourite Liddle items, all reduced to clear. From home essentials to seasonal must-habs, when the doors open, the deals go fast. Come see for yourself. The Liddle New Bridge Warehouse Sale, 28th to 30th of November. Liddle, more to value. Discover five-star luxury at Trump Dunebag.

Unwind in our luxury. Spah, savorious farm-fresh dining, relax in our exquisite accommodations. Step outside and be captivated by the wild Atlantic surrounds. Your five-star

getaway, where every detail is designed with you in mind. Give the gift of a unique experience this Christmas with vouchers from Trump-Dunbeg. Search Trump-Ireland gift vouchers. Trump on Dunbiog, Kush Farage. If anyone takes anything from this, take that from it,

please. Jabotinsky, whose arrival in Berlin after three years in Jerusalem, coincided with the first wave of emigration, reestablished Rosvett, first in Berlin and then in Paris, and also published his own novels. In addition, many Russian Jewish journalists lived in 1920 through 1923, working in the local and international emigrant press. There we could find I. M. Trotsky from the defunct Rusco Slovo, Russian word, N. M. Volkovsky, P. I. Zvedevich, who died at the hands of the Nazis during World War II, the Menshevik, S.O. Portuguese from the St. Petersburg Den. He wrote under the pseudonym S. Ivanovich, the playwriter Osep. Demov Perlman and the novelist V.Y. Eretzky.

I love these names, Perlman. Go ahead. Berlin also became the capital of Russian book publishing. In 1922, all these Russian publishers released more Russian books and publications than there were German books published in the whole of Germany. Most of these publishers and booksellers were Jewish. Most notable were the publishing houses of IP Ladzidnevich, owned since the war by B.N. Rubinstein, classical, modern, and popular scientific literature,

or Z. I. Jebben, who had links to the Soviets, and so sold some of his works in the USSR. The publishing house Word established as early as 1919 and run by I.V. Gessen and A.I. Kaminka. Collections of Russian classics, emigrant writers, and philosophers, valuable historical, and biographical works, and the artistically superb issue of Jarpe Pizza, run by A.E. Kogan. Also, there was edges of, there was edges of A. Sassky, Petropolis of Y. N. Bloch, Obelisk of A. S. Kagan, Helicon of A. G. Vishneok, and S. S. Dupinov's World History of the Jewish People was also published in Berlin in 10 German volumes and during the 1930s in Russia in Riga. The Experience of Exile.

Their own, or at least among the Russians, PTSD. And there wasn't a single family in Russia, among the Russians that didn't have at least one son killed or maimed or something like that. They may have been more or less silent during the war and the lead up to it. But exile does something. It changes everything. There's a few books out on nationalism. that make the argument that nationalism is at the height when you have a group of people separated from the homeland. And that's certainly the case where Russians really started imitating the cohesiveness of the Jews, which is a wonderful thing,

precisely because they were outside of it, outside of the homeland, outside of the nation, outside of the empire. and this was a time of explosive political theory. I mean, it was endless. It's extraordinary, and only 5% has ever been translated into English. Riga and other cities in the once again independent Baltic countries with their substantial Jewish populations became major destinations of Jewish emigration. Moreover, the only common language that Latvians, Estonians, and Lithuanians shared was Russian. And so the Riga newspaper Segonia today, publishers Y.A. Brahms and B. U. Poliak became highly influential.

A large number of Russian Jewish journalists work there, the editor, M.I. Gantfman, and after his death, M.S. Milrud, Sigodnia Vekorum, today evening, was edited by B.I. Karaton. The latter two were arrested by the NKVD in 1940 and died in Soviet camps. V. Ziz, an economist, and M.K. Eisenschott, under the pen names of first Zelesnov, then Argus, wrote for the newspaper. Gershon Svet wrote from Berlin. André Settik, Y. M. Zvibach was its Paris correspondent. Volkoyvsky reported from Berlin, L. M. Neminov from Geneva. Yeah, that was that was painful

There were way too many names in there I'm not sure I would have I would have gotten them all because they're not You know, they're not Russian names They're like half German half Kazar Turk But Of course Riga And the rest of the Baltics are only going to be independent

Until 1940 That's when the one Stalin takes it over It's funny Hitler was accused of of invading neutral countries and was condemned all over the place for it. Stalin does the same thing in the Baltics and no one says a word. I don't know. From the late 1920s, Berlin started to lose its position as a center of emigrant culture

because of the economic instability and the rise of Nazism. Rule had to close in 1931. Immigrants had dispersed from the main wave going to France, especially to Paris, which was already a major center of emigration. In Paris, the main immigrant newspaper was Postlede Naivis Novosti, breaking news, founded at the beginning of 1920 by the St. Petersburg barrister M.L. Goldstein. It was financed by MS. Jalupin. And in a year, the newspaper was bought by P.N. Milikov.

While it was in a precarious position, the paper was significantly financially supported by M.M. Vintover. Miljikov's right hand was A.A. Poliakov. Editorials and political articles were written by Kulisher Junius, who was arrested in 1942 in France and died in a concentration camp. The international news section was run by M.U. Berkin Beneditov, an acquaintance of Jabotinsky. The staff included the a Serbic publicist S.L. Poliakov Levovsev, who had only learned to speak and write Russian at 15, B.S. Mirken Getsovich, who wrote as Boris Merski, the noted cadet, publicist Piotrard Rice, and others. Post-Ledni Novosti published satirical articles of Ivy Dinioloslovsky and the

popular science of U. Dulevsky, Y.A.L. Udilevsky. The best humorists were V. A. A.S. A. A. A. M. Glicksburg. The king of humor, Don Aminado, which was Spolayansky.

I've never heard of them. Post-Ledni Novosti had the widest circulation of all immigrant newspapers. Shulgin called it the citadel of political Jewishness and philosemitic Russians. SEDIC regarded this opinion as an obvious exaggeration. The political tension around the paper also stemmed from the fact that immediately after the Civil War, it was dedicated to disclosure and sometimes outright condemnation of the volunteer army.

Cedic noted that in Paris there was not only a political divide, but also a national one. Miljokov's editorial team included many Russian Jewish journalists, while Jewish names virtually never appeared on the pages of the right wing Vosrolde Neh Rebirth, with the exception of I.M. Bikerman. Vosrodeenedi was founded later than the other papers and ceased operation in 1927 when its benefactor Gukasov fired the main editor P.V. Struv. And you don't, you know, there's not a whole lot of them. And look at this. Look at this massive, this flurry of activity. You had a couple of million Russians leaving. Yes. And they did other things, which get to, you know, pretty soon. But you have, you have 200,000 Jews or so immediately plugging into their diaspora people in, they live in a diaspora. That's been their whole life moving from one place to another. They weren't kicked down. out in this case, they left voluntarily because they didn't think it was too chaotic for them. And they simply weren't sure what was going to happen, even if the Soviets were going to fall soon, very possibly. And so it's going to get more chaotic. Berlin, Paris, New York seemed better targets for them. And most of these guys, you know, they spoke.

They spoke Russian and German with a heavy accent. They spoke Yiddish most of the time. All these are secular Jews, and they are at the center of the socialist movement, not the Bolshevik movement. You have plenty of Bolshevik sympathizers there, but also the social, lestus of various types all over the place, that then tried to bring that revolution to the rest of the world. So while the Russian immigration brought the church and royalism to the world, this Jewish immigration brought revolution. You want to stop here? Yeah, let's stop here.

You've been suffering here. You've been suffering. Yeah. I have great sympathy for you. Yeah, these are these words are, these names are ridiculous. It's just, I don't, if these, if any of these are good Russian names, I, I, I don't, if these, if any of these are good Russian names, I, apologize. It's just they don't seem like the Russian names that I grew up with reading about. Yeah, they are not, they're overwhelmingly not Russian names.

All right. So we'll pick this up in the next episode, as I do at the end of every episode. Please go to the show notes and please go to the description in the videos and donate to Dr. Johnson's work. And yeah, let him know how much that you let him know how much you appreciate him doing this. And, you know, I was looking at the page number and we're over halfway there. We still have a ways to go, but progress is being made. I can't believe it. It's September, late September. We started in January.

It's now just a normal part of life. But anyway, I can't, I can't thank you enough for it. It's been, it's been wonderful. And there's no greater book than this one. I don't agree with every single thing he says, but a most of it, oh, the overwhelming majority of it. But it's the fact that he's quoting these people directly. That's what he's doing here. That's why it's so valuable.

This isn't his opinion. He's quoting them. And he gives a very, very bleak picture about the world under Jews, under Jewish rules. But I appreciate everything you've done for me. with all this bringing me into this. I thank you. Thank you, Dr. Johnson. I appreciate you.