The Peter Zeihan Podcast Series - ECOWAS' Deadline on the Niger Coup || Peter Zeihan

Episode Date: August 9, 2023

The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) set Monday, Aug. 7, as the deadline for the Niger Coup plotters to step down and renounce power. That deadline has come and gone without any change, so what happens now? Full Newsletter: https://mailchi.mp/zeihan/ecowas-deadline-on-the-niger-coup

Hey everybody, Peter Zine here, coming to you from Bear Peak, one of the flat irons above Boulder, Colorado. And the news today is that the deadline has passed for the Nijé coup plotters to renounce power and laos civilians back in. Now some quick background here. The French have been fighting their version of the war on terror in the African Sahel region, which is the zone between the tropics and the desert, the Sahara, for pretty much as long as the United States fought the global war on terror. Obviously they fought what was the war that made some more sense to them. So while the Americans were in Iraq and Afghanistan, the French have been moving around in the Sahel region. And just like with the United States, it didn't go well. It hasn't been going

particularly well for the French either. The problem is that none of the geographies in question are particularly productive. The Sahel does get more rainfall than the desert, but not a lot. So agriculture is difficult, and a lot of these countries don't even have a lot to mine. So you've got thin population density, maybe one or two population centers, and it's really hard for those population centers to exercise the ridge over the rest of the territory. Ergo, where the French have come in to partner with the local governments. The problem is those local governments aren't stable. So the four big ones, Nijie, Mali, Gabon, and Burkina Faso,

all former French colonies have now all had coups. And as the first three happened in Guinea and Mali and, Burkina Faso, the French have concentrated more and more of their efforts on Nizier, and so now that Nizier's had its coup as well, there's not a lot to go for. So we go one of three directions from here. Number one, the French suck it up, realize that their influence in, oh, hello, realize that their influence in the region is gone and go home and deal with issues they can deal with, which would probably mean sticking it to the country that has had the biggest influence with the coup plotters, which is Russia. Option number two is the French go in hard and send some special

forces in to knock over at least one of these governments, with Nijé being the most likely one. And in that scenario, it honestly wouldn't be too hard to do because the coup government is just as unstable as what came before. And if you remember back to when we had the war in Libya, turned out the locals couldn't do the assault on Tripoli, so the French, the Brits, and the Americans each sent in a few dozen special forces and basically paved the way to the Palace for the resistance and easily over through Gaddafi. And then there's option number three, which is kind of getting interesting, which gets us to the deadline that we saw today.

There's a group called EcoWAS, which is the economic organization of West African states, which is trying to be an African version of the EU, and we can find plenty of fault with how they've pulled it off, but they do have a security clause, and Eagle Wasse basically told the coup plotters that they needed to step down by today. And they didn't. So the question now is whether ECOWAS is going to put its money where its mouth is. Now, the French get along very well with most of the countries of ECOWAS, and the one that matters the most, which is the most powerful one by far is Nigeria. The Nigerian military is something like four times as powerful

as the combined militaries of all four of the countries that have been taken over by coups. So if the Nigerians do choose to rouse themselves, especially with some French assistance, this could get very, very interesting, very, very quickly. and now that it was the deadline is passed and it was an ECOWAS deadline not a French deadline we will find out whether or not the Africans are capable of putting together a security force to cross borders by themselves historically speaking this was a big no-no one of the big contingents of African Union membership and African diplomacy overall was never ever ever ever change the borders because that reeks of colonialism but that policy may now be 60 years out of date

and it may very well be time for the regional heavyweight to do something different or for the French to do something similar. Either way, we're going to get some very instructive lessons on what is and is not going to fly in West Africa over the course of the next few weeks. So stay tuned. Take care.