The Tim Ferriss Show - #325: Lessons from Richard Branson, Tony Robbins, Ray Dalio, and Other Icons
Episode Date: July 5, 2018This particular episode of The Tim Ferriss Radio Hour explores success, a slippery and dangerous term if ever there was one. The particular guests selected for this episode represent not only... achievement, but also appreciation and a well-rounded version of what I consider to be a successful human being.This episode features:CDBaby founder Derek Sivers on the importance of challenging your own definitions of success.Performance coach Tony Robbins on best lessons learned from working with legendary investors.Venture capitalist Chris Sacca on missed opportunities and the commonalities of successful people.Legendary investor Ray Dalio on the three things that make up a successful life.Virgin Group founder Sir Richard Branson on the best thing his parents taught him.I hope you enjoy this episode of The Tim Ferriss Radio Hour!This podcast is brought to you by 99designs, the world's largest marketplace of graphic designers. I have used them for years to create some amazing designs. When your business needs a logo, website design, business card, or anything you can imagine, check out 99designs.I used them to rapid prototype the cover for The Tao of Seneca, and I've also had them help with display advertising and illustrations. If you want a more personalized approach, I recommend their 1-on-1 service. You get original designs from designers around the world. The best part? You provide your feedback, and then you end up with a product that you're happy with or your money back. Click this link and get a free $99 upgrade.******If you enjoy the podcast, would you please consider leaving a short review on Apple Podcasts/iTunes? It takes less than 60 seconds, and it really makes a difference in helping to convince hard-to-get guests. I also love reading the reviews!For show notes and past guests, please visit tim.blog/podcast.Sign up for Tim’s email newsletter (“5-Bullet Friday”) at tim.blog/friday.For transcripts of episodes, go to tim.blog/transcripts.Interested in sponsoring the podcast? Please fill out the form at tim.blog/sponsor.Discover Tim’s books: tim.blog/books.Follow Tim:Twitter: twitter.com/tferriss Instagram: instagram.com/timferrissFacebook: facebook.com/timferriss YouTube: youtube.com/timferrissPast guests on The Tim Ferriss Show include Jerry Seinfeld, Hugh Jackman, Dr. Jane Goodall, LeBron James, Kevin Hart, Doris Kearns Goodwin, Jamie Foxx, Matthew McConaughey, Esther Perel, Elizabeth Gilbert, Terry Crews, Sia, Yuval Noah Harari, Malcolm Gladwell, Madeleine Albright, Cheryl Strayed, Jim Collins, Mary Karr, Maria Popova, Sam Harris, Michael Phelps, Bob Iger, Edward Norton, Arnold Schwarzenegger, Neil Strauss, Ken Burns, Maria Sharapova, Marc Andreessen, Neil Gaiman, Neil de Grasse Tyson, Jocko Willink, Daniel Ek, Kelly Slater, Dr. Peter Attia, Seth Godin, Howard Marks, Dr. Brené Brown, Eric Schmidt, Michael Lewis, Joe Gebbia, Michael Pollan, Dr. Jordan Peterson, Vince Vaughn, Brian Koppelman, Ramit Sethi, Dax Shepard, Tony Robbins, Jim Dethmer, Dan Harris, Ray Dalio, Naval Ravikant, Vitalik Buterin, Elizabeth Lesser, Amanda Palmer, Katie Haun, Sir Richard Branson, Chuck Palahniuk, Arianna Huffington, Reid Hoffman, Bill Burr, Whitney Cummings, Rick Rubin, Dr. Vivek Murthy, Darren Aronofsky, and many more.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.
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Hello, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to another episode of The Tim Ferriss Show. This is Tim Ferriss speaking, and I should clarify that this episode is an edition of the Tim Ferriss
Radio Hour, where I share the patterns and themes of world-class performers that I've identified
after more than 300 guests on the podcast. This particular episode is going to explore success. What does that mean? What a
slippery, dangerous term. And the particular guests I selected for this episode, I would say
represent not only achievement, but also appreciation and a well-rounded version of
what I consider to be a successful human
being.
And by any objective measure, certainly financially or otherwise, I've interviewed some of the
more successful people on the planet.
And in the next hour, we will revisit specific conversations that discuss the tips, disciplines,
habits, and mindsets, perhaps most importantly, that separate world-class performers
who reach their goals from those who fall short. This episode includes wisdom from Derek Sivers.
I learned this the hard way at my last company because we had a quarter million customers.
So when I'd send out an email to everyone, if any sentence was at all unclear in any way,
I'd get like 50,000 confused replies from people.
We also talked to Tony Robbins.
You've got to become an investor.
You've got to be an owner, not a consumer.
And the way to do that, frankly, we all know, but very few people do.
And that's you take a percentage, you lock it down.
You never see it.
It's automated.
And you put it aside for investment.
And that just occurs.
You'll hear from my good friend, Chris Saka.
Venture capital, I mean, it's totally unfair.
People give me their money.
I draw a management fee off it.
So they pay me to take their money and invest it for them.
Legendary investor, Ray Dalio.
I think three things make up a successful life by and large.
First, you have to have audacious goals.
Big dreams.
And we can't talk success without including Sir Richard Branson.
One of the best things my parents taught me, and going back a long way, if I ever said anything
about anybody, they would sit me in front of the mirror for 10 minutes in order to sort of let me
know how badly it reflected on me. As a preface before we jump into the conversations with these guests, I thought it might be helpful
to set the stage. And that is with an observation that I have made certainly in interacting
personally with many of my podcast guests and many name brand folks in Silicon Valley
and elsewhere. And that is the following. The superheroes you might have in your mind, the idols, icons,
elite athletes, billionaires, and so on, are nearly always walking flaws who've maximized
one or two strengths. Now, I'm not saying that is true of the people in this episode,
but in general, this is true. And there are some mutants, there are some freaks of nature
who are the equivalent of the Usain Bolts of the business world, for instance, but they are rare.
In general, humans are very, very imperfect creatures, which would be a generous way to put
it. And you don't succeed, and most of the people I've interviewed don't succeed, in quotation marks,
because they or you have no weaknesses. Instead, you succeed because you find your unique strengths
and focus on developing habits around those strengths.
And you can get only a few things right consistently and outperform almost everybody
else. And I think that, for instance, the investment styles of Warren Buffett and Charlie
Munger, who are both brilliant, granted, but who focus on being consistently not stupid,
not consistently smarter than everybody else, which perhaps is a form of being smarter, and so on and so forth. But it's important to keep in mind, rather than putting
these people on a pedestal and viewing what they do as unreachable and in a way then absolving
yourself of the responsibility of trying to improve yourself, that everyone is fighting a
battle and has fought battles you know nothing about. There are many mega successful
people who battle with depression, with pasts that might include alcoholism, you name it. And
that is not necessarily true of the people in this episode. But I think it's important to underscore
that so that you think that through incremental improvement, you can actually put yourself in a
position to achieve seemingly
impossible things. And that is the truth. So everyone is fighting a battle you know nothing
about. The icons in this episode are no different. Everyone struggles, so take solace in that.
And now, without further ado, let's jump into some of the things that separate those who
achieve what they set out to do from those who don't.
Let's start with Derek Sivers. At Sivers on Twitter, S-I-V-E-R-S, he is one of my favorite human beings. Think of him as a philosopher, king, programmer, master teacher, and perhaps
merry prankster. Originally a professional musician and circus clown, whole long story
behind that,
to listen to my long interview with him at Tim.blog forward slash Derek. Derek created CD Baby in
1998. It became the largest seller of independent music online with $100 million in sales for
more than 150,000 musicians. In 2008, Derek sold CD Baby for $22 million dollars giving the proceeds to a charitable trust
for music education he is a frequent speaker at the TED conference with more than 5 million views
of his talks since 2011 he has published 34 books what including a book titled anything
you want which I've personally read at least a dozen times
when you think of the word successful who's the first person who comes to mind and why?
Well, the first answer to any question isn't much fun because it's just automatic, right?
Like, what's the first painting that comes to mind? Mona Lisa. Oh, name a genius. Einstein.
Who's a composer? Mozart. But this is the subject of the book Thinking Fast and Slow
by Daniel Kahneman. There's the instant, unconscious, automatic thinking, and then
there's the slower, conscious, rational, deliberate thinking. So I'm really, really into the slower
thinking, like breaking my automatic responses to the things in my life and slowly
thinking through a more deliberate response instead. And then for the things in life where
an automatic response is useful, I can create a new one consciously. So like, what if you asked,
when you think of the word successful, who's the third person that comes to mind? And why are they
actually more successful than the first person that came to mind?
Well, in that case, the first person would be Richard Branson, because he's like the
stereotype, right?
He's like the Mona Lisa of success to me.
And honestly, you might be my second answer, but we could talk about that a different time.
And my third and real answer after thinking it through
is that we can't know without knowing a person's aims, right?
Like what if Richard Branson set out to live a quiet life,
but like a compulsive gambler,
he just can't stop creating companies.
Well, then that changes everything
and we can't really call him successful anymore. What are the most common misconceptions about you?
Oh, I feel pretty understood. I don't think people are thinking about me enough to conjure
up any misconceptions. You know, we think the goal of writing and communication is to be understood,
but I think a better goal is just making sure
that you're not misunderstood.
I learned this the hard way at my last company
because we had a quarter million customers.
So when I'd send out an email to everyone,
if any sentence was at all unclear in any way,
I'd get like 50,000 confused replies from people,
which would take my team like 1 a thousand man hours to go through.
So now anything I put out into the public is rewritten and edited like crazy until I think it's as clear as can be.
What are you world class at that people might not realize?
Or what do your friends know your world class at that the rest of the world doesn't know about?
I've got the world's longest attention span. I'll just sit down and do one task for like 12 hours straight or all day for 25 days in a row.
You know, I actually, I love that my kid is getting it from me by the way that we play.
Like whenever we play, I never say, let's go time to go. We just do something until he's ready to move on.
Like he'll lead me to the river and just throw rocks in the water for a couple hours.
And then we'll go to the ocean and build a fort out of driftwood for hours.
And then draw in the sand with shells until he's sleepy.
We've always done it this way since he was, you know, like a one-year-old.
Other families would come play on the playground for 20 or 30 minutes at a time,
but we would just be there for hours with him fully immersed in some newly invented game.
And what's funny is that nobody else can hang with us like this, like not even his mom.
Everyone else gets so bored.
People ask if I meditate or do yoga, but nope.
My daily life feels like working meditation.
Even being with my kid is like meditation, as you can tell. Okay, now we're doing the format today where we're going to open
up the phone to callers, but you know, since it's Christmas Day, phones are a little slow.
Hey, there's a call. Hi Derek, this is Dave DiGiovanni from Kalamazoo, Michigan in the USA.
Thanks for doing the podcast with Tim. Thanks for taking this question.
You've helped a lot of people make money,
and I'm just wondering if success in business has to be more complicated than that.
I get overwhelmed reading all the, you know,
there's so much content out there on how to make money,
how to grow your business, how to start a business,
and I'm just wondering if business needs to be more complicated than coming up with ideas on how to help other people succeed. Thank you.
Well, let's talk about two things, simple versus complicated and easy versus hard.
So look at running. If you talk with people who hate running, you'll hear them say,
first you have to get your running clothes,
then you get dressed, and then you got to put on your shoes, and you got to lace them up just right.
Well, then you got to stretch, and then you got to warm up. Then afterwards, you need to cool down,
and you need to shower. It's such a pain. But if you talk with people that love running,
they'll say, yeah, you just pop out for a quick run. And if you ask them about the
steps involved, they'll say, there's just one, you know, you just run. So knowing that we have this
human nature to think of things we like as simple, and things we don't as complicated,
well, you can use this to deliberately simplify how you think of something you're avoiding, making it more appealing.
So an ultramarathon is simple.
You just run 100 miles to the end.
But that doesn't mean it's easy, right?
So success in business can be simple.
You just find a need that people are proving they're willing to pay for
and then find a profitable way to solve that need for them.
But it doesn't mean it's easy.
So what you have to do is notice in your mind when your complications are holding you back
and then turn the dial towards simplicity in your mind.
So you just jump out the door and start running.
But then notice in your results when your simplified approach might be holding you back.
Right? Like perhaps you are using only one tool in your toolbox and you need to learn others.
And as for all the business advice out there, well, you know, if information was the answer,
then we'd all be billionaires with perfect abs. So really you, and yeah, you listening to this,
most of you probably just need to shut that shit off, put your blinders on, and get out the door and start running.
Metaphorically speaking, that is.
Hi, this is Tobin in Boulder, Colorado, and my question is, what should someone ask to determine their own utopia? Thanks.
First, ask yourself, is this in theory or in practice? Like, have you
proven from your experience that this is really what works best for you? Whatever idea you have,
you have to challenge it. You need to argue against it because there are so many things
that seem great in theory, right? Like, for example, say you're living in a little apartment in a noisy city.
And so you think that you'd be happy if only you had a big place out in the silent country.
And so you do it, you splurge, you buy a place or you sign a year long lease,
and then you move out to the country. And oh, after two months, you realize that you miss
too many things about the big city.
You made the wrong prediction.
And it happens the other way too, right?
Like people moving from the quiet burbs to the big city.
Or somebody who's an employee that thinks they'd just be happy if they could quit their job and start their own business.
And oops, doesn't always work out like that.
So my recommendation is to do little tests.
Like try a few months of living the life you think you want,
but leave yourself an exit plan, being open to the chance,
the big chance, that you might not like it after actually trying it.
The best book about this subject is Stumbling on Happiness by Daniel Gilbert.
His recommendation is to talk to a few people that are currently where you think you want to be,
and ask them for the pros and cons, and then trust their opinions since they're right in it, not just remembering or imagining.
This is James McGill from Sligo, Ireland. And my question is, how do you define
success? And what habits or skills are most important to living a successful life? Thanks.
Okay, well, first, let's define success. Ask yourself if you think Robin Williams and Philip
Seymour Hoffman were successful actors? I think it's a
tough call. Like my first reaction is yes, but the more I think about it, my answer moves halfway
towards no. As a different example, think of someone you know who that you'd consider be like
the definition of a total loser. And now you give that person a million dollars. Are they now a winner? Of course not.
And that sounds like a contrived example, but a lot of fame and fortune is dropped into the lap
of people who were just the right face in the right place at the right time, but are actually
miserable, awful people by any definition. So the more you think it through, the more you realize that you have to
define success first by your inner game, not some outside measure of money or fame, right?
Mastering yourself, your mind, and your actions. But now, if you only master yourself and you don't
help anyone else, well then we'd call you happy,
but nobody would define you as successful.
So the very definition of success must include how much you helped others.
And I'll bet that if you helped thousands of people,
even if you didn't ultimately profit from it,
but you were personally miserable,
well, we might still call you successful
because you helped
others, right? So the point is, if you want to be undeniably successful, you need to both master
yourself and help others. Don't focus on the money or the fame. The real success is mastering
your emotions and actions and actually helping lots of people. So the definition.
But now you asked, what habits or skills are most important to living a successful life?
Well, by this definition, habits and skills.
Number one, the skill and habit of managing your state and your emotional reactions and actions. Number two, knowing what
people need in general and what you need in particular. Number three, people skills, how to
see things from the other person's point of view and how to communicate from their point of view.
And number four, the ability to focus, learn, practice, and apply what you learn.
If you can do those four things, you can do anything. You can first be happy without
depending on anyone or anything in particular, and then you can understand what people need,
learn how to provide it, and make sure they know it. Next up is Tony Robbins, at Tony Robbins on Twitter and elsewhere,
the world's most famous performance coach. He's advised everyone from Bill Clinton to
Mikhail Gorbachev to Serena Williams and Leonardo DiCaprio to Oprah, who calls him superhuman,
by the way. That's Oprah calling someone that. I love Tony's work and his Personal Power
2 set, which I listened to in my POS used minivan while I was commuting during my first job,
helped me start my first company. And recently, I should say over the last several years,
I've had the chance to work with Tony, get to know him directly, and it's been an incredible
experience. Tony has worked with many legendary investors, including Paul Tudor Jones, who he's coached for more than 10 years, Ray Dalio, Carl Icahn,
David Swenson, Kyle Bass, and many more. These are the hard-to-interview unicorns who consistently
beat the market, despite the fact that it's considered by many folks. And Tony has done
a great job of, I would say, condensing the lessons he's learned from them.
And some guys are like Templeton. I got to interview him multiple times before he died.
It's like, wait for the bloodletting. No, blood in the streets. That's what he did.
Blood in the streets. But it's like when maximum pessimism hits, that's where you make all your
money. That's what he did. And then there's the guys like Bogle, which is, it's the index baby.
And these days even Warren Buffett, it's the index baby. So they all do approaches. But what's in common, I think, is I tell you four things I saw that
stood out. And one is overly simplistic. And that's why people don't pay attention to it.
But these guys pay attention to it. They don't lose. Half the peak of weakening is not losing.
And they are obsessed. Every single one of them is obsessed and not losing money.
I mean, a level of obsession that's mind-boggling.
And it isn't just these investors, you know, Sir Richard Branson, for example, you know.
People see Richard, and he's such an outgoing, playful, crazy guy.
He's kind of an introvert in some areas, but when it comes to athletics and taking on challenges, he's out in the world.
But, you know, his first question to every business is, what's the downside and how do you protect it?
Right.
Like, when he did his piece with Virgin, I mean, that's a big risk. Going to start an airline? He went to Boeing and negotiated
a deal that he could send the planes back if it didn't work out and he wasn't liable. I mean,
that's the level these guys think at. So they look to see how do I not lose money first? Because
the average person has no clue. If I lose 50% in 2008, well, guess what? You got to make 100%
to get even, not 50 percent,
because your principal's gone down so much. So it's like people don't understand you lose 60
percent. It's 200 percent to get even. And so the average person, you know, lives in a world where
they try not to lose money, but they're not obsessed. These are obsessed. Second thing
they all have in common, every single one of them is obsessed with asymmetrical risk reward,
which is a big word. It simply means they're looking to use the least amount of risk to get the maximum amount of upside.
And that's what they live for.
So I'll give you an example.
Paul Tudor, when I first went to do the turnaround, when Paul was having some challenging times, he'd broken his leg.
You know, think about this.
He did better than anybody in the history of the world during the biggest stock market drop in history, literally.
And then he went to the mountain. he went to the moon. Now what? And so lost a bit of the edge and, you know,
got involved in other things and so forth. And now he's got a broken leg. He's not going to the
office. I got to come in. So I had to go watch that film. That's the first thing I did. I went
to go see everything about him, study his physiology, the way he used to move because
this guy's not moving at all. What his face was like, how he breathed, tone of his voice, what were the physical strategies, what were the
psychological strategies, what were the financial strategies. I got to go to Druckenmiller and
Soros. I mean, who I got access to back then was unbelievable. See, what was he like then to put
the plan together to do this turnaround? And when I started making those shifts in him, and you could
see the shift happen immediately, it got really exciting. I got hooked on what was going to happen.
So I did this same process, basically.
Guess what?
I'm thinking about doing this once.
I did the same process during these interviews.
I didn't just look at the trading strategies.
I looked at the psychology of what set it up.
But here's what I found with Paul Tudor at the very beginning, getting him back on track.
When he was at his best, he made sure every single trade had what he called a five to one.
That means if he was going to risk a dollar, he wasn't about to risk it unless he was certain he was going to make five.
Now, you're not always right.
So guess what?
If I risk a dollar to make five and I'm wrong, I can risk another dollar and still make four.
I can be wrong four times out of five and still break even.
Their secret is not that they're not wrong.
It's they set themselves up where they risk small amounts for big rewards proportionally.
Paul, you know, if he's right one out of three times, he still makes 20%.
So the average person risks a dollar trying to make how much?
$1.10.
That's right, about $1.10.
If I could get 10%, wow, my dollar, right, of 20% would be unbelievable.
How often can you be wrong?
Not very often. Not at all, right? You're in the hole. How often can you be wrong? Not very often.
Not at all.
You're in the hole.
You're starting from the hole, and you've got to build back up.
So they're asymmetrical wars.
I was with Kyle Bass, and Kyle Bass risked, check this out, in the middle of the subprime crisis, he made $2 billion out of $30 million because he risked, for every $0.06 he risked, he had an upside of $1.
$0.06 for $100.
Well, you could be wrong 15 times, and you're still okay in that area.
I mean, he was brilliant to figure it out.
He's a genius to figure it out, but that risk-reward is why it is.
He showed his kids.
He taught.
I said, how do I teach this to the average investor?
And he said, well, you can teach them the way I taught my kids.
And I said, how'd you do that?
He goes, we bought nickels.
I said, what do you mean you bought nickels?
He said, well, I did research.
I had this question.
That's another thing that all these guys do.
They ask a better question than we talked about.
They get better answers, right?
Better quality question, better quality answer.
What's wrong with me?
You'll come up with stuff.
How do I make this happen?
No matter what, you'll come up with different answers.
So his question was, where in the world is there a riskless trade with total upside?
And he started looking around and he said, I'm worried about inflation.
So he decided, well, gosh, of all the currencies in the world, a nickel, what it's made of
today, it's not made mostly of nickel, by the way.
He said, it's costing the U.S. government nine and a half cents to make a nickel.
That's how our government functions.
I'm going to spend almost 10 cents to make something worth half as much, right?
The Pentagon plan.
Yeah, that's right.
It's the perfect plan.
So he said, but you know what?
Just the actual material value, right, is 6.8 or whatever it was,
something 6.5 for round numbers.
So he said, if I buy a nickel, it's never going less than a nickel
unless you believe the U.S. government's gone.
So I've got something that never goes down in value.
So I've got a guaranteed return.
I'm not going to lose my principal.
But day one, it's worth 36% more than the day I bought it. How many investments can you have 100% guarantee of no loss and have 36%? I said, yeah, but that's smelt value. And I saw
they passed a law a few years ago. I think Charlie Rangel, whoever it was, was the one who pushed it
through. He goes, yeah, but Tony said, that doesn't matter. He said, let me tell you why.
He said, look at pennies. When they changed it from pure copper to tin and all things they've changed, what happened to the old pennies? There's a scarcity of
them. And now a penny from those days is worth two cents. It's 100% more valuable. So he said,
at some point, the government cannot continue to do something that costs twice as much.
Some point, they'll make a change in the materials. And then all these nickels are worth an
unbelievable amount. So he said, I was just showing my kids, here's a risk. You need to think different than everybody else.
Don't think I have to take huge risks for huge rewards. Say, how do I take no risk and get huge
rewards? And because you ask that question continuously and you believe an answer, you get
it. So he said, listen, if I could convert my entire wealth in nickels right now, I'd do it.
I said, you're insane. He goes, I am insane, but it's the best possible fundamental investment. He started telling me how to do it. He bought 40 million
nickels. Wow. He has 40 million nickels. It fills up a room bigger than this, right?
Better be on the ground floor. And he had his kids dragging him in and everything else,
laughing, having fun. I mean, it's like their little treasure.
So he can legitimately do like the Scrooge McDuck backstroke.
You're a pool full of nickels.
For real, of nickels. So that's asymmetrical.
I'll give you one more and I'll shut the hell up.
No, no, no.
You're telling me the difference.
You know, there are differences.
We can spend hours and hours on the differences,
but what I think is useful is what's aligned
because then it gives something universal that can be applied.
Absolutely.
The other one for them is they absolutely, beyond a shadow of a doubt,
know they're going to be wrong.
You look at these talking heads on television and people screaming you and hitting bells and
telling you what to buy and they're right, right, right. The best on earth, the Ray Dalios, right?
The Pebbles, the, you know, I don't give a who you talk about. You want to look at Carl Icahn,
they all know they're going to be wrong. So they set up an asset allocation system
that will make them successful. They all agree asset allocation is the single most important investment. There wasn't one person in terms of your vehicle that
wasn't the most important thing, no matter how they attacked it, asset allocation was the element
there. And the last one is they are lifelong learners. I mean, these people are machines,
like you, like me, like Peter, like most of the people you and I share as friends.
They just are obsessed with knowing more. And because the more they know, the more they realize
what they didn't know. And then they apply that and they go to another level and every time you think
you're the best you can be in anything in life your body your emotion your spirit your finances
there's always another level and these guys live by it and the last one that i found almost all
of them were real givers um not just givers on the surface like money givers that's wonderful
um but really passionate about giving. And it showed
up once they saw what I was doing was legitimate and what's really real that, I mean, then they're
opening up three hours at a time with something that none of these guys will never get.
I think it was Dahlia who said something along the lines of, uh, like losers react,
winners anticipate. It's actually me, but that's okay. I'll give it to me.
You know, but the point being that the, the, and I guess Mark Twain quote is also in there, which was what history doesn't repeat itself, but it rhymes.
So there are going to be crashes.
There are going to be black swan events.
And you want to have a plan in place for when that happens.
Exactly right.
And Ray Dalio actually said something in there that stuck with me brutally. He said, I don't care what it is that you think you're
great at investing in, or you like most people invest in what they like real estate or stocks
or bonds or what they think they're good at or what they've raised with. He said, whatever asset
class you invest in, I promise you in your lifetime, it will drop no less than 50 and more likely 70% at some point.
And he said, that is why you absolutely must diversify because you're saying, but I can make
so much more in this side. I've had people throughout the years, I teach this bucket
theory, this idea that if you want to do is make asset allocation simple. It sounds like such a big
word. It's just buckets. Some of my money is going to go in a secure bucket. That bucket is like a church people.
It's not going away.
It's very secure type investments.
Its upside is not gigantic in terms of speed.
But you know what?
The compounding process, if you give it enough time, those low returns are giant returns still.
But you're not going to lose.
And then there's this bucket called what most people call growth bucket.
I call it risk growth because it's really risk first.
And on that, I'm taking bigger risks for potentially greater rewards.
And now the question is, how do I balance these?
Am I 60-40, 50-50, 80-20?
And that's designed really by three things.
Number one, what's your real risk tolerance, not what you think it is.
Yeah, and they're never the same.
They're never the same.
I do these wealth mastery programs for years, and invariably I'll do some crazy thing.
Like I'll say, every stand-up, and invariably I'll do some crazy thing.
Like I'll say, every stand-up, make change.
They look at me and go, make change.
And they start reaching their pockets and making change.
And so somebody will pull out $5 and $10.
Somebody will pull out $100, and someone will come up and they'll take it and give them $5.
And they're like, you know, they don't know how to react.
So this goes on for three or four minutes.
Some music's going on.
I go, okay, stop, right, sit down.
And they go on like I'm talking about something else. And invariably, somebody's like, hey, wait a second.
I want my $100 back.
I said, what are you talking about?
They said, I want my $100 back.
The game's over.
I said, when did you think the game was over?
Did you think the game had ever gone over?
And who said it was your $100?
And so it takes a while before they finally get, you know, I'm stressed about $100.
What do you think is going to happen when you lose a million or half a million or $100,000 or $10,000?
I mean, your risk tolerance is not what we think it is.
So when you find out what your risk tolerance is, and we've got great ways to do that in the book,
and then you figure out, really, how much time do you have?
If you're younger, you've got more time to make mistakes, and so you can take bigger risks.
You know, you've got a timeline on your part.
And then the next piece is how much is your cash flow?
What's going to be the real flow?
If you look at those three things, now you can decide how much goes in my secure bucket, how much goes in my growth.
And if you don't make that decision, it's the most important investment decision of your life, according to everybody I interviewed, like what percentage secure, what percentage growth and risk.
Then when things come up, you're always going to go for the growth risks.
It looks so sexy and exciting.
And I can't tell you how many people over the years have done this.
They're telling me, why would I put money over here when I've got this
real estate? I'm making 120%. I have a friend that built some of the first big condos in Vegas
back in the boom time. And he, he actually went to my programs, sold the business. He had made
$200 million, invested in these condos, started building the panorama towers and places of that
nature. And he was up to like three quarters of a billion. I kept saying to him, dude,
take some of your growth money and put it in the secure bucket. Right. And how many times I told
you this? It was tone. I love you. I made $200 million because you, but now I'm, you know,
I'm really like what I touch goes to the gold. I'm listening to his ego and I'm going, I love
your brother. But I said, you know, many times I have this conversation and then guess what happens
in 2008, how much do you think
he bought? He was worth three quarters of a billion dollars. He'd grown that rapidly in
those short years. What do you think happened to his net worth? Oh, I'm guessing it went down
according to the Ray Dalio prediction. How about minus 400 million? He didn't just lose what he
had. He lost everything out and beyond. So then he's trying to negotiate. So he was leveraged.
He was leveraged out, wiped himself out.
So most people don't put enough in the security
bucket is the lesson. And a guy like
Dalio provides you a strategy that's got
great sustainability, but there are many approaches in the book.
But you do have to decide how much is secure,
how much is growth, and I show you how to do that.
Chris Saka, at Saka S-A-C-A, was once the cover story of the Midas issue of Forbes magazine,
and I've known him for some time. But that's what happens when you are, for instance,
an early stage investor in companies like Twitter, Uber, Instagram, Kickstarter, and many more.
Chris is the name, the face behind what will most certainly be the most successful venture capital
fund of all time, lowercase one. Here are a few thoughts on success that I found fascinating.
What are the commonalities or are there commonalities when you look across
these founders for whom success and massive scale just seems predestined?
What are the commonalities? for whom success and massive scale just seems predestined?
What are the commonalities?
Well, I think something, so we'll take Evan Travis' examples,
but across our most successful founders,
let's use a Matt Mullenweg WordPress.
That's a billion-dollar company now, a billion-plus.
These guys are all incredible, incredible listeners.
So when they do open their mouths, it can be bombastic and offensive and aggressive and in-your-face,
but they're all incredible listeners.
And I don't just mean in casual conversation.
I mean, these guys go out of their way to interview other people.
They really, if you catch Ev, he's got a notebook always, And if you ask him to see the last few pages of the notebook, he's just meeting with other people who's billionaires and kind of leaders whose jobs might not overlap with his at all, but from whom he's learning.
Voracious reader.
Part of why Medium started was he was really back deep into long-form content when he took a break from Twitter.
And so that guy is just constantly learning, studying, studying.
And so when he speaks, it matters.
But he's listening more than he speaks.
You know that about Mullenweg, one of the most thoughtful people.
I've never seen anyone read as many books as that guy does and retain all the knowledge.
He's prolific.
And he also listens to anyone that he's sitting down with.
It doesn't matter if it's the waitress or a primary school teacher.
We've done a lot of traveling together.
He was on the podcast also.
Very good listener.
Yeah.
And again, you just look across the board.
These guys are learning.
They're modeling.
They're constantly researching.
They're gathering data. You know, Travis would think it a competitive disadvantage for you to know exactly what's
going on in his head sometimes. So he'll listen. And, uh, and it's an amazing talent. I think
is a commonality across those people with the, uh, the investing game that you've
obviously been a participant in for quite a while now um you have to say no a lot
and uh i was you know took a close look at at poker in the last year with the tv show and there
were a couple of quotes that that came up quite a bit along the lines of you know i made my money
sitting not playing hands and but but that having been said what are some of the deals, the whales that got away?
Yeah. So first of all, I mean, this is a rigged game, right? And I'm just looking to make it even
more rigged. So for those who don't know, venture capital, I mean, it's totally unfair. People
give me their money. I draw a management fee off it. So they pay me to take their money and invest it for them.
If I make money,
then I pay them back the management fee.
And then after that,
we split the profits and I get a really big chunk of the profits.
And if I lose money,
that's fine.
It doesn't come out of my pocket.
I keep my fee and my investors lose money.
That's how this industry works.
That's bananas,
right?
And at some point it's going to break.
You've also incepted me with the term bananas, which I've started using compulsively.
Mazio also has done the same thing.
He works with Chris.
Yeah, it's just an unforgivably unfair rigged game that's in favor of the venture capitalists. And so, so the reality is the risk of an investor doesn't begin to compare to the risk of a founder.
And so, you know, that's one thing that kind of drives me crazy sometimes about some investors.
And, you know, I love the entrepreneurial spirit that goes into building a firm. I mean,
I built my firm from scratch and there's certainly founder type lessons in there, but, um, but your cashflow positive from day one, when you start a
venture fund, um, and your, your downside is incredibly limited by the structure of the fund.
So, so that said, what it allows me to do is place some bets on some stuff that I I'd like to think
success is inevitable of those things, but I can take but I can look at the risk analysis and say,
okay, this is a binary outcome of one or a zero.
And some of those things just don't get there.
One of my kind of constant recurring nightmares
is about the stuff I passed on.
Yeah, exactly.
That's what I was trying to ask.
I've done some deals where I thought it was going to be a lot bigger and, you know,
it ends up going away. But so the Dropbox guys, I met those guys very early on while they're still
in my combinator. I got an early look, you know, had an opportunity to do the deal and I pulled
those guys aside and I was like, Hey, look at Google, we were using a version of this called
platypus, you know, which became G-Drive.
And they're going to crush you guys, man.
So you should probably find some other product to pivot to.
That probably cost me hundreds of millions of dollars.
Did they give you a pat on the head and walk away?
No.
I mean, when I see Drew, the CEO of Dropbox, I bring it up before he can.
That's a good self-defense.
I just get it out there right away.
The Airbnb guys at Y Comer, same thing.
Incredible business.
An amazing business.
And one to be proud of, too.
I mean, I'm really jealous.
I'm not in that business, not just for the money,
but I love what they do. I really admire them a lot and their culture.
But at the time, they were allowing you to rent out a room
in somebody's house while the owner was still there. And that just seemed really scary to me.
And I pulled the guys aside and I was just like, guys, somebody's going to get raped or murdered
in one of these houses and the blood is going to be on your hands. I literally said that out loud
to them. And what's that worth? Like 15 or 20 billion now. Now, in fairness, you, you're
probably not wrong, right? I mean, at a certain scale, at scale, it has to happen. Yeah. Yeah.
I mean, I like to say sometimes, like when you think about scale, like someone who works
at Walmart murdered someone last night, right? There's just no doubt about it at that scale
with a few million employees. One of them murdered somebody last night. You have to
look at it like a Edward Norton in fight Club, like an actuarial analysis for insurance, which is terrifying.
But that's the reality of big numbers.
But there's one other famous one.
There's a bunch of these, but actually I'll give you two.
Nick, because I wasn't reminded of this until recently, Nick Woodman from GoPro came to Google.
Now, I wasn't an investor at the time, but I did a lot of Google's investments and partnerships.
And so Eric Schmidt, CEO of Google, said, hey, will you come in here and sit with this pitch?
You know, he's a friend of a friend, said we got to meet this guy.
So Woodman comes in with GoPro.
And Eric's like, I don't know.
And I was like, we'd be foolish to do this deal.
How is this guy from Santa Cruz going to compete with all these Asians and building hardware?
You know, you can't hold a candle to the Taiwanese and the Koreans.
I was like, no dice, man.
Let this guy go.
And I think I introduced him to somebody over YouTube just as a consolation.
I saw that dude this winter skiing.
He's worth like $3 or $4 billion now.
And he didn't forget that meeting.
So and then the Snapchat guys, I gave a talk in L.A. and they came up to me.
I never met them before.
They came up after the talk and said, we're big fans.
We'd really like to work with you.
And I was like, yeah, sure.
I mean, I know you guys are up to something cool.
I admire it.
I took like eight weeks to set up the meeting. And by then, the Benchmark guys had done that deal.
That's again. oh my God, I can't imagine how much money we've left on the table as a result of that.
So, you know, I like to say when I'm wrong, I'm wrong. When I'm right, I'm really, really right.
Ray Dalio, at Ray Dalio on Twitter is one of the 100 most influential people in the world, according to Time, is one of the 100 most influential people in the world,
according to Time, and one of the 100 wealthiest people in the world, according to Forbes.
Because of his unique investment principles that have changed industries, CIO Magazine dubbed him,
quote, the Steve Jobs of investing, end quote. Ray believes his success is the result of principles
he's learned, codified, and applied to his life and business. Those principles are detailed in
his book, aptly titled Principles, and he included some of his wisdom in our interview.
If we flash back to when you first began Bridgewater Associates, so out of your
two-bedroom apartment at 26 years old, do you recall any of your first big wins or things that
you considered big wins at the time? And I'd love to just hear you describe what made those a big
win. In other words, the thinking behind it. The funny thing is, um, I can hardly ever remember
my big wins. I do remember my big losses or my big mistakes.
We can talk about those too.
It's so funny because I look at it and I said, well, I guess I must have had a bunch of wins or successes because of how things have went.
The business is good and done well and all of that.
But like, I think of my history, and I really think of those mistakes. And I think that's so
great. Because it shows that that's a much better learning tool. But, okay, so my big wins.
You know, no, I think about that at that time.
I think, no, the things I remember were the fun things.
You know, guys I played rugby with and parties and those kinds of things.
I don't remember a particularly big winning.
Well, I do remember some things, you know, I remember one time, um,
when we got the Kodak account again, I was, uh, you know, in a position it's okay, here's a guy
and he's analyzing the markets. And then he has a small team of people that he's analyzing the
markets. And so I didn't have a long track record and I
didn't have an institution and, you know, sort of competing with the big institutions of the world,
the JP Morgans and everybody. And and by the way, we beat them. But anyway, which shows that
the individuals, the powers within the individual. But but anyway I remember when we got the Kodak account because at the time Kodak was you know a
big important client and them giving us that account was a big deal for us
because it was kind of a stamp of institutional approval and it was oh I
remember you know the money mattered too,
because we would know that we were a bit more financially secure. So I remember that as a big
win. And I remember it so terrifically, because we were asked to submit research information.
And we were just a small team of people. And, you know, we stayed up all
night with, you know, pizza and beer and all of that. And I remember it so sweetly because it was
the dream of making our miracle happen. And we and the pulling together, that's the meaningful relationships part. I believe
that I want meaningful work and meaningful relationships. And so that was what that was
about. And we got the account and we won and that was, you know, that was a big deal.
Why did you guys win?
I think it's a combination of, totally unconventional and having better processes, and then there's a hell of a lot of determination.
I think three things make up a successful life by and large.
First, you have to have audacious goals, big dreams.
Then, when you are headed toward those goals, you're going to have problems.
You're going to deal with reality.
You have to deal with those problems in that reality realistically,
learning from mistakes, writing down those principles and the like.
So that's the second part, dealing with reality in a practical way where you learn about mistakes. And then the third is determination.
Because if you're going for your goals and you're encountering your mistakes and you're learning
and you do that with determination, you're going to get better all the time. You can't help but get better.
And you do that a long enough amount of time and you're going to far exceed your dreams.
My success has far succeeded what I ever imagined, you know, one bit at a time. And it's just that
process. If you were to conversely look at intelligent people who are unhappy, what do you think the primary causes of that unhappiness are? happiness probably have no correlation with each other. In studies, it's repeatedly been shown,
and money is very little correlated with happiness. The highest correlation with happiness
is community. Am I part of a community? Do I feel connections with other people?
That's been literally genetically programmed into us from,
it's estimated between a million and two million years ago before it was, we were even mankind.
So that sense of meaningful relationships, I think is very, very important. And if you have
meaningful work, like you're on a mission and you have meaningful work, like you're on a mission, and you have meaningful relationships, I think it's almost impossible not to be happy.
I mean, there'll be unhappy moments in your life that you encounter this thing or that.
But the people who are unhappy seem to be missing those things. Last but certainly not least, we have Sir Richard Branson, at Richard Branson on
Twitter and everywhere else, founder and chairman of The Virgin Group, a world-famous entrepreneur,
adventurer, activist, and business icon. He has launched a dozen billion-dollar businesses
and hundreds of other companies. I loved our conversation and highly recommend you check it
out. Of course, listen to the whole thing. But here are a few highlights you might find valuable.
You strike me as a really good negotiator. By necessity, you'd have to be. If you had, say,
a would-be entrepreneur or a university senior, someone who's about to graduate and go into the
real world, and they tell you that they want to become a very good negotiator, a very good dealmaker,
how would you train them? Or what would you recommend they do or read to become a better
negotiator or dealmaker? Because you seem very, very astute and subtle in structuring things
in very smart ways.
What would you say to someone who wants to develop that skill set?
I'm sure that there must be ways of being taught it.
But in my opinion, nothing beats personal experience.
My education was being thrown into the jungle, being thrown into the real world, age 15 or 16, and having to survive.
And it was an incredible education. And, you know, I learned about everything in life.
You know, I traveled a lot. I met people all over the world.
I had to do a lot of different negotiations. You know, I think as I've got older, I've realized that one of the most important things
about a negotiation is striking a deal
that is fair to both sides.
I also realized as I get older
that you're always going to come across the same people
time and time again in life.
And so your reputation is everything.
You know, in my new book, Finding My Virginity,
I talk about our dealings with Delta
and how they felt that they'd legged us over in a clause in a contract and how they came to us
to rectify it. And that's something I'll never forget and most likely will be partners with
Delta for the rest of my life because of that kind of approach.
So I think if you realize that your reputation is all you have
and your personal reputation, the reputation of your brand,
then you've got to make sure that you're negotiating a deal
that you're not going to be unhappy with
and you think of all the
things that could potentially go wrong and how you can get out of it if something goes wrong.
But equally important is trying to strike a fair balance with the people you're negotiating with.
And when we're looking internally, you mentioned how your teammates at the record company thought
you were crazy when you brought up the airline.
Are there any business ideas that you're glad your co-workers or team have prevented you from doing?
As you know, my nickname is Dr. Yes.
I have books like Screw It, Just Do It.
I think, to be honest, if I want to do something, one of the advantages of owning the company is I can normally ultimately get away with it.
I mean, I'll try, obviously, to carry people with me.
And I'm sure there have been one or two things where I have bullied the process through, where I've regretted.
Well, not regretted. I've never regretted anything.
But where perhaps I should have listened more to others.
But I can't think of anything that, you know, where they persuaded me not to do it.
I think most likely, you know, when it comes to decision about whether to do something
or not, I like to think of myself as a benevolent dictator.
That's the one thing I sort of generally get my own way on.
We would never have gone into space travel. We'll come to that.
I'm sure later on in this talk, you know,
unless I was willing to do, to do things against the,
against the sensible, you know, what would, you know,
on paper be sensible advice of my fellow directors.
We will definitely get to space travel.
Well, what I'm curious about,
because it seems if I look at many
of the businesses that you've started, the positioning is often against a particular
incumbent in the case of say airlines, for instance, that seems to be a common element
in a lot of the company or product launches. And I want to connect that with just some of your well-known
adventures. And you'll see where this is going in a second. I mean, you've driven a tank down
Fifth Avenue, crossed the English Channel in an amphibious car, took a 407-foot jump off the
Palms Casino Resort in Las Vegas, gone from Morocco to Hawaii in a hot air balloon. You are very, very adept at PR stunts, getting attention for the things
that you do and the companies that you do. Are there any particular best practices or a playbook
that you have found to be very, or principles for that matter, helpful with the launching of a new company or product? I don't think so.
I mean, I'm a great believer in trying,
if your team worked really hard
to launch a new business with you or for you,
the least I think I can do is make a fool of myself,
make sure that that new business
ends up on the front pages of the newspapers
rather than an anecdote on the page of the newspapers.
So if that means having to use myself
to put the new company on the map, I will do so.
And I will try to do it in a way that makes people smile
and that doesn't horribly backfire on me.
It's not occasionally, it has backfired.
And I suppose it's like being a host to a party.
I mean, if you're the host of the party,
if you stand in the corner of the room
and you sip your sherry
and stand around with your fellow directors all in suits,
everyone's going to have a thoroughly dull party
and nobody will have a good time.
If you're the host of the party
and you're first in the swing pool
and everybody else jump in too,
yeah, they may be a bit cold for the rest of the evening,
but they're going to have a great evening.
And I think the same applies when you're launching a business.
Make sure that you put it on the map
and just occasionally it will backfire.
You mentioned space travel,
which I do want to use as a touching off point to ask you roughly 50 years
after starting your first business,
why,
why write finding my virginity?
What was the catalyst for that?
Why do it?
I actually think every,
everybody should write a book about their lives.
I've persuaded a number of people to write books about their lives.
Steve, Steve Prosset, for instance, anyway, a number of people to write books about their lives,
Steve Fawcett, for instance, and a number of people.
But, you know, you don't have to have led a very public life.
I think everyone's led interesting lives.
Your children and your grandchildren, you know,
will be fascinated by the lives you lead.
And so I wrote a book, Losing My Virginity, when I was a young man about all the adventures.
It became a bestseller and sold millions of copies.
But I was quite a young man when I wrote it.
And the last 20 years or so,
I've been very full and very rich and extraordinary. So I thought I would write, in a sense, a sequel to Losing My Virginity, which we've called Finding My Virginity.
And if I live another 20 years, a virginity found, I suspect, will be my last book.
But we'll see how we go.
But no, but I think, you you know i think it's important i love reading reading and
learning and i think other others might enjoy hopefully will enjoy it and you know when i write
books i try to i try not to make them like a you know and and then and then we did this and then
we did that just try to make it a really good gripping read and an enjoyable read and not try to sort of cram in everything
one's done in 20 years. And hopefully people can get a few gems from it as well.
What is the book or books you've given most as a gift and why? Outside of your own books,
are there any particular books that you've given or recommended to others the most?
Well, Climate Change is something which I've spent a lot of time on.
I would highly recommend a book by Tim Flannery called The Weathermakers, which was one of the books that opened my eyes to the problems that we have in the world.
I'm just reading Homo Deus, which I find is,
and I will carry on to read Sapiens, his first book,
or one of his first books. And I just love the style of his writing.
And I love books where you're learning something from them.
And rather than, if I want fiction, I'll get a good film out. So if I'm
reading books, I like to read books, which have got some substance. I love it.
In the last, let's just call it five years or so, what new belief, behavior or habit has most
improved your life? Or what habit has improved your life? Could be any new belief, behavior
or habit that has markedly improved your life? Could be any new belief, behavior, or habit that has markedly improved your life?
If we could go back a bit further than the last five years.
Oh, yeah.
No, we can go back.
We can go back as far as you like.
Absolutely.
One of the best things my parents taught me, going back a long way,
if I ever said anything about anybody, they would sit me in front of the mirror for 10 minutes in order to sort of let me
know how badly it reflected on me. So, you know, I like to think I've generally never spoken ill
about other people. And I think that's been one of the best bits of advice that I've ever given,
sorry, I've ever received and obviously then given.
Archbishop Tutu, who chaired the Elders, which is an organization that we've run for 10 years now,
he was the epitome of forgiveness with the Truth and Reconciliation Commission in South Africa
when Nelson Mandela took over power.
And I think just people, nations,
we should all try to run based on that philosophy.
And I think the world would be a happier place if that happened.
You mentioned Nelson Mandela.
This is clearly not one of my stock rapid fire questions,
but I've heard you refer to
Nelson as a mentor. Are there any key lessons or takeaways or memorable sentences or anything
that come to mind when you think of your interactions with Nelson Mandela?
Well, you know, I was lucky enough to get to know him very well over the years,
even to the extent that on July the 18th, we shared a birthday and he would ring me every single birthday to wish me a happy birthday.
And, you know, I remember the sadness when I didn't get that call not so many years ago.
You know, he had an absolute joy for life and, you know, he would dance, he would smile, he would embrace everybody.
But he had a tough side to him as well.
And I remember one lunch I had with him early on in our relationship where, you know, I'd been warned that he was always trying to extract money for good causes. So, you know, we had the first course, then we had the second course,
then we had the pudding and we were onto the coffee and I thought, my God, I've got away with it.
And then he turns to me and says,
ah, Richard, last week I had lunch with Bill Gates
and he gave me $50 million for such and such a course.
And anyway, so he did not miss an opportunity.
Yeah, I mean, I've not, apart from
maybe Archbishop Tutu, I've really never met and haven't met anybody as extraordinary in my lifetime
as him. Well, there you have it, folks. I hope you enjoyed this episode of the Tim Ferriss Radio
Hour, focusing on success and more importantly, the prerequisites,
some of the ingredients that lead to success. And very often it's by focusing on the mindsets
and the approaches and the tools that leads you to success as opposed to chasing the specter that
you might call success. These Radio Hour episodes continue to be an experiment, so I always appreciate
your feedback. Let me know what you did like.
Let me know what you didn't like, how we can improve it, or other topics or themes that you'd like me to cover.
So please let me know on Twitter, at Tferriss, T-F-E-R-R-I-S-S.
And until next time, thank you so much for listening.
Hey guys, this is Tim again.
Just a few more things before you take off.
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