The Tim Ferriss Show - #682: Bill Gurley Interviews Tim Ferriss — Reflecting on 20+ Years of Life and Business Experiments
Episode Date: July 19, 2023Brought to you by Eight Sleep’s Pod Cover sleeping solution for dynamic cooling and heating, Secureframe automated security and privacy compliance platform, and AG1 ...;all-in-one nutritional supplement. Welcome to another episode of The Tim Ferriss Show, where it is usually my job to deconstruct world-class performers to tease out the routines, habits, et cetera that you can apply to your own lives. This is a special episode and a turning of the tables. This time, legendary investor Bill Gurley interviews me, and the recording is from earlier this year at SXSW in Austin, TX. The conversation explores some of my lessons learned and favorite findings over the last two decades in areas like entrepreneurship, tech, and podcasting. I throw in some favorite books and other spice to keep things interesting.Bill Gurley (@bgurley) has spent more than 20 years as a general partner at Benchmark. Before entering the venture-capital business, Bill spent four years on Wall Street as a top-ranked research analyst, including three years at Credit Suisse First Boston. Over his venture career, he has worked with such companies as GrubHub, Nextdoor, OpenTable, Stitch Fix, Uber, and Zillow.For more takeaways from his incredible investing career, you can find my interview with Bill at tim.blog/billgurley. As a side note, my 2007 SXSW speech that I mention in the interview is what started it all, in many senses. It’s what put my first book, The 4-Hour Workweek, on the radar of influential bloggers and bigger media outlets, ultimately landing it on The New York Times Best Sellers list, where it stayed, more or less, for the next seven years. It’s been a wild ride. You can hear that 2007 presentation at tim.blog/sxsw.One last thing: Hugh Forrest, if you’re listening, thank you again for giving me a shot way back in the day! Please enjoy! *This episode is brought to you by Secureframe! Secureframe’s industry-leading compliance automation platform, paired with their in-house compliance experts and former auditors, helps you get audit-ready in weeks, not months, so you can close more deals faster. Secureframe simplifies and streamlines the process of getting and staying compliant to the most rigorous global privacy and security standards. They help thousands of businesses achieve compliance with security and privacy frameworks including SOC 2, ISO 27001, HIPAA, PCI, and GDPR. Schedule a demo today at Secureframe.com, and tell them during the demo that Tim Ferriss sent you to unlock 10% off for your first year.*This episode is also brought to you by AG1! I get asked all the time, “If you could use only one supplement, what would it be?” My answer is usually AG1, my all-in-one nutritional insurance. I recommended it in The 4-Hour Body in 2010 and did not get paid to do so. I do my best with nutrient-dense meals, of course, but AG1 further covers my bases with vitamins, minerals, and whole-food-sourced micronutrients that support gut health and the immune system. Right now, you’ll get their Vitamin D Liquid Formula free with your first subscription purchase—a vital nutrient for a strong immune system and strong bones. Visit DrinkAG1.com/Tim to claim this special offer today and receive the free Vitamin D Liquid Formula (and 5 free AG1 travel packs) with your first subscription purchase! That’s up to a one-year supply of Vitamin D as added value when you try their delicious and comprehensive all-in-one daily greens product.*This episode is also brought to you by Eight Sleep! Eight Sleep’s Pod Cover is the easiest and fastest way to sleep at the perfect temperature. It pairs dynamic cooling and heating with biometric tracking to offer the most advanced (and user-friendly) solution on the market. Simply add the Pod Cover to your current mattress and start sleeping as cool as 55°F or as hot as 110°F. It also splits your bed in half, so your partner can choose a totally different temperature.Go to EightSleep.com/Tim and save $250 on the Eight Sleep Pod Cover. Eight Sleep currently ships within the USA, Canada, the UK, select countries in the EU, and Australia.*[06:32] From Princeton to podcasting.[07:39] How a disenchanted entrepreneur became a reluctant author.[14:22] Angel investing and The 4-Hour Body.[16:40] Investing rulesets and takeaways.[19:09] How a choice location maximizes serendipity.[20:42] Why did I back away from angel investing?[22:28] Entering the blogosphere.[27:02] Why podcasting?[28:33] Early and enduring lessons for improving the craft.[31:37] What makes a successful podcaster?[34:57] The power of direct communication with one's audience.[38:48] Leveraging a lean infrastructure.[40:34] Helpful steps for effective interview prep.[45:08] Respected podcasting peers.[48:00] Spotify's foray into podcasting territory.[50:09] Twitter and LinkedIn.[53:15] Books most gifted.[55:31] Most positively effective purchase of $100 or less.[55:30] Favorite failure.[57:50] Billboard.[58:49] Best investment ever made.[59:30] Most life-improving new belief, behavior, or habit.*For show notes and past guests on The Tim Ferriss Show, please visit tim.blog/podcast.For deals from sponsors of The Tim Ferriss Show, please visit tim.blog/podcast-sponsorsSign up for Tim’s email newsletter (5-Bullet Friday) at tim.blog/friday.For transcripts of episodes, go to tim.blog/transcripts.Discover Tim’s books: tim.blog/books.Follow Tim:Twitter: twitter.com/tferriss Instagram: instagram.com/timferrissYouTube: youtube.com/timferrissFacebook: facebook.com/timferriss LinkedIn: linkedin.com/in/timferrissPast guests on The Tim Ferriss Show include Jerry Seinfeld, Hugh Jackman, Dr. Jane Goodall, LeBron James, Kevin Hart, Doris Kearns Goodwin, Jamie Foxx, Matthew McConaughey, Esther Perel, Elizabeth Gilbert, Terry Crews, Sia, Yuval Noah Harari, Malcolm Gladwell, Madeleine Albright, Cheryl Strayed, Jim Collins, Mary Karr, Maria Popova, Sam Harris, Michael Phelps, Bob Iger, Edward Norton, Arnold Schwarzenegger, Neil Strauss, Ken Burns, Maria Sharapova, Marc Andreessen, Neil Gaiman, Neil de Grasse Tyson, Jocko Willink, Daniel Ek, Kelly Slater, Dr. Peter Attia, Seth Godin, Howard Marks, Dr. Brené Brown, Eric Schmidt, Michael Lewis, Joe Gebbia, Michael Pollan, Dr. Jordan Peterson, Vince Vaughn, Brian Koppelman, Ramit Sethi, Dax Shepard, Tony Robbins, Jim Dethmer, Dan Harris, Ray Dalio, Naval Ravikant, Vitalik Buterin, Elizabeth Lesser, Amanda Palmer, Katie Haun, Sir Richard Branson, Chuck Palahniuk, Arianna Huffington, Reid Hoffman, Bill Burr, Whitney Cummings, Rick Rubin, Dr. Vivek Murthy, Darren Aronofsky, Margaret Atwood, Mark Zuckerberg, Peter Thiel, Dr. Gabor Maté, Anne Lamott, Sarah Silverman, Dr. Andrew Huberman, and many more.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.
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                                         that Tim Ferriss sent you to unlock 10% off for your first year. One more time, secureframe.com.
                                         
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                                         Optimal minimum. At this altitude, I can run flat out for a half mile before my hands start shaking. to save $250 on the 8 Sleep Pod Cover. Hello, boys and girls, ladies and germs. Welcome to another episode of The Tim Ferriss Show,
                                         
                                         where it is usually my job to deconstruct world-class performers of all different types
                                         
                                         to tease out the routines, habits, etc. that you can apply to your own lives.
                                         
                                         This is a special episode and a turning of the tables. This time around,
                                         
                                         legendary investor Bill Gurley interviews me, and the recording is from earlier this year at
                                         
    
                                         South by Southwest in Austin, Texas. The conversation explores some of my lessons
                                         
                                         learned and favorite findings over the last two decades or so in areas like entrepreneurship,
                                         
                                         tech, and podcasting, just to name three. I also throw in some favorite books and other spicy bits to keep things interesting.
                                         
                                         Let me mention a bit more about Bill before we get started. Bill Gurley, you can find him on
                                         
                                         Twitter at BGurley, G-U-R-L-E-Y, has spent more than 20 years as a general partner at Benchmark.
                                         
                                         Before entering the venture capital business, Bill spent four years on Wall Street as a top-ranked research analyst, including three years at Credit Suisse First Boston.
                                         
                                         Over his incredibly impressive venture career, he has worked with such companies as Grubhub,
                                         
                                         Nextdoor, OpenTable, Stitch Fix, Uber, and Zillow, just to name a few.
                                         
    
                                         For more takeaways from his incredible investing career, you can find my interview with Bill. That's me interviewing Bill at tim.blog slash Bill Gurley. And as a side note, my 2007 South by Southwest keynote,
                                         
                                         this was a speech, my first appearance at South by that I mentioned in this conversation with Bill
                                         
                                         was what started it all in many senses. It's what put my first book, The 4-Hour Workweek,
                                         
                                         on the radar of influential
                                         
                                         bloggers and bigger media outlets, ultimately landing the book on the New York Times bestseller
                                         
                                         list where it stayed more or less unbroken for the next seven years. It's been a wild ride.
                                         
                                         And this segment, this brief appearance at South By is what kicked it all off. And if you'd like to hear that 2007 presentation,
                                         
                                         you can find it at Tim dot blog slash S X S W, which is the abbreviation for South by Southwest.
                                         
    
                                         So one more time, that's Tim dot blog slash S X S W. And my voice sounds hilariously different.
                                         
                                         My presentation skills, hilariously less refined than they are today.
                                         
                                         Not to say they're perfect, but things have changed and we get better day by day, little by
                                         
                                         little. And one last thing, Hugh Forrest, if you are listening, thank you again for giving me a
                                         
                                         shot way back in the day. It made a difference. And that is why I come back to South by just about
                                         
                                         every year. And without further ado, please enjoy a wide-ranging
                                         
                                         conversation with Bill Gurley. Well, it's great to be here. It's awesome to have the opportunity
                                         
                                         to turn the tables on Tim and interview. I was just recently on Tim's podcast. And so I actually
                                         
    
                                         suggested this before that so that it would keep him honest when we're
                                         
                                         going earlier. Tim, a lot of you, I assume, all know who he is. He's one of the most celebrated
                                         
                                         and decorated successful digital creators of our time. He sold 10 million books. I got a list here.
                                         
                                         He's got 2 million email subs, over a thousand blog posts, seven million followers on social media.
                                         
                                         And his podcast is about to pass a billion downloads.
                                         
                                         And so since South by, you know, is a lot about interactive and how people can be successful in these types of fields,
                                         
                                         I thought it'd be great to see if we could dive deep and find out how he got here and what some of his core tenets are for being successful. So you graduated from Princeton in the year 2000 with
                                         
                                         the East Asian Studies major, is that correct? That's right, yeah, perfect setup for podcasting.
                                         
    
                                         Yeah, and in 2014, you launched your podcast. Right. Okay. So 14 years, just tell us quickly what happened in
                                         
                                         those 14 years and how you found your way there. And I'm very curious about lessons learned and
                                         
                                         when it became intentional. Like when did you know you were doing something versus
                                         
                                         just experiencing it? I'll do my best to wrap it up without making it a Dr. Evil life story.
                                         
                                         Good morning, everybody. Thanks for coming. So let's see. Graduate, move to California,
                                         
                                         Northern California to be part of the tech pinball machine for serendipity. I actually
                                         
                                         think that was a very important decision, just geographically choosing where to be
                                         
                                         and then what to do being really secondary. Worked in data storage, selling
                                         
    
                                         storage area networks, had a desk and a fire exit, definitely not up to code. I remember it was
                                         
                                         really packed to the brim. Learned a lot about selling. I think everyone should have a service
                                         
                                         job, work in a restaurant or something like that, and have to sell for a period of time.
                                         
                                         You learn so much about human interaction.
                                         
                                         And I learned how to reach out to CTOs and CEOs and so on, how to reach them,
                                         
                                         playing the long game, not trying to sell a seven-figure system in one phone call.
                                         
                                         All of these things translated to many things later. I couldn't have seen that coming,
                                         
                                         but they did. Then I started this sports nutrition company. Long story. A lot of people
                                         
    
                                         here probably know some of the bare bones aspects of it from the four-hour work week.
                                         
                                         That experience was simultaneous with a professor of mine, Ed Hsiao, who taught high-tech entrepreneurship at Princeton, which had a huge impact on me, inviting me back to guest lecture twice a year.
                                         
                                         And that went from 2003 to 2013 or so.
                                         
                                         Those notes later became the outline for the four-hour workweek.
                                         
                                         How long did the startup exist?
                                         
                                         Startup existed until, let's see, I want to say 2009 or so when I sold the company.
                                         
                                         Not for any huge sum of money, but I sold the company around 2009.
                                         
                                         And how long was that experience?
                                         
    
                                         Six years?
                                         
                                         The experience of building it?
                                         
                                         Yeah.
                                         
                                         I would say the building phase was the first three or four years. First year and a half,
                                         
                                         I had no idea what I was doing. I'd say the subsequent year and a half to two years was building out distribution. And then I became very bored with the entire thing and was looking for a
                                         
                                         graceful exit, which turns out selling a company,
                                         
                                         even if it's for a very small sum of money, is one way to do something new.
                                         
                                         Did you raise money?
                                         
    
                                         I bootstrapped the whole thing. So it was credit cards, savings, trying to play,
                                         
                                         buying remnant advertising against incoming revenue, getting prepayment from distributors.
                                         
                                         You will be the exclusive distributor featured in this print ad if you pre-purchase X amount, which would then give me the money to pay for the ad in the first
                                         
                                         place that I negotiated 80% off of because it was last minute, things of this type.
                                         
                                         So all of those games were what drove a lot of the growth, figured out that playbook.
                                         
                                         And then the focus really became trying to figure out what the hell I wanted to
                                         
                                         do when I grew up. I mean, I'm still doing that, I guess. What did you learn from the startup?
                                         
                                         What were the key takeaways? A few key takeaways from the startup were, number one, if you want
                                         
    
                                         to reach the decision makers, just call outside of business hours. So if you're actually cold
                                         
                                         calling, I was cold calling, smiling and dialing a lot and cold emailing, then just do it before 8.30 and call after 6.30. And very often, even in a company of 100 people,
                                         
                                         you'll get one of the top brass answering the phone at the end, which was astonishing to me.
                                         
                                         Next, I would say, if you're going to talk to technical people, and I was not technical,
                                         
                                         but if you're going to talk to, say, VPs of engineering and CTOs,
                                         
                                         do your homework. And I ended up being really, really successful as a salesperson,
                                         
                                         not because I studied sales per se, but because I actually took the time to try to understand what RAID was, what all the bits and pieces were that made up the hardware,
                                         
                                         what use cases would lead to them using Solaris versus something else, and being able to
                                         
    
                                         guess correctly what their setup was without them telling me anything, which opened the door to more
                                         
                                         involved conversations. Those would be a handful of things. And the value of storytelling, ultimately,
                                         
                                         for everything. If you're a human,elling is key. It's the crux. So the life as a startup entrepreneur eventually wasn't working for you.
                                         
                                         It wasn't working because, for me, the learning curve had kind of flattened out.
                                         
                                         And I wasn't sure how to change that.
                                         
                                         I knew I wasn't a great manager.
                                         
                                         I didn't aspire to become a great manager, which continues to this day.
                                         
                                         I should probably revise some of that. So then, as is the case now, I have a very lean team, very, very small team.
                                         
    
                                         And if we flash forward then, the notes of that class become the basis for the four-hour work
                                         
                                         week. I did not want to write a book, but a friend of mine who was an author suggested it and started
                                         
                                         making intros to editors and agents and so on. And I had to reply to those
                                         
                                         people and that gathered its own steam. And the four-hour workweek is what, as a lot of people
                                         
                                         here know, opened the floodgates for everything. That got the visibility that led to the angel
                                         
                                         investing, that bought me permission to write a second book. And I'd say to a question that you
                                         
                                         posed before we got on, and you may have also just asked it,
                                         
                                         when did I start doing something intentionally or thinking about a trajectory? And I would say
                                         
    
                                         that's probably when I made the pitch for the four-hour body, because I don't have a grand
                                         
                                         five-year plan. I don't have a grand 10-year plan. That's today, was true then as well.
                                         
                                         But I wanted to choose the door that opened more doors. And I realized that
                                         
                                         despite, or maybe because of the pressures that I felt externally from just about everyone to write
                                         
                                         the four-hour work week, 2.0, or the three-hour work week, I could very quickly paint myself into
                                         
                                         a corner where that was my only niche and the only place I felt comfortable and the thing I felt
                                         
                                         I needed to defend. And so I thought, well, I can always come back and do that later. That will be available. So
                                         
                                         let me do something in a completely different section of the bookstore. The publisher is going
                                         
    
                                         to say yes, because they are willing to at least take this bet. They'll give me a decent, not even
                                         
                                         a decent, a very good advance, which will actually make up for the 75 grand that I got paid over a year and a half for our work week initially. And that type of decision-making, I think, has typified and
                                         
                                         defined a lot of my key decisions, which is entirely seemingly out of left field,
                                         
                                         but of interest to me that will potentially open new doors.
                                         
                                         When was the second book and when did the angel
                                         
                                         investing start? For our work, we came out April 2007. The angel investing started within, I would
                                         
                                         say, 10 months. I owe Mike Maples Jr. a debt of gratitude for that. I traded him advice for
                                         
                                         exercise and diet for meeting at Hobie's for breakfast and him telling me about his deals just so i could learn about them and then the for our body was published in 2010 which means that i
                                         
    
                                         was probably working on it for two years so you said you made 75 grand and you're hustling how
                                         
                                         do you afford to angel invest well fortunately the advance gets earned out. I had the savings from the prior company. So I had some
                                         
                                         savings and decided to place very, very small bets. So I was co-investing with checks of say $10,000.
                                         
                                         And the intention really early on, which comes back to playing the long game that I mentioned
                                         
                                         earlier, I wanted to be the cheapest, most valuable labor on the cap table, meaning like,
                                         
                                         here's a $10,000 check. Now I'm going to put in so much effort and try to be so helpful that it
                                         
                                         will make no sense to you because my ROI is probably not going to pay for the time I'm putting
                                         
                                         in. But that was to create raving fans and get referrals. And so that's what I did for the first
                                         
    
                                         six months, very small checks, putting in way too much time. But for me,
                                         
                                         it was actually the perfect amount of time getting referrals. And then that steamrolled
                                         
                                         in such a way that I was able to get advising. So I was able to get sweat equity.
                                         
                                         Let's run down the angel path for a little bit and then come back to podcasting. So
                                         
                                         I didn't mention when I mentioned all the amazing things you've accomplished,
                                         
                                         your angel investing track record, which is actually pretty good, right? It's turned out, yeah. So tell the audience some of the companies you invested in.
                                         
                                         I invested in, let's see, invested. When I say invested, it's important to note that I mean time
                                         
                                         in a lot of these cases because I didn't have the bankroll to pay for investing and I probably
                                         
    
                                         couldn't have invested even if I had wanted to. So Uber would have been when there were two employees. Yeah, you've heard of it.
                                         
                                         And Shopify, first advisor when they had eight to 12 employees, first investor in Duolingo. That
                                         
                                         was a bit later. Early secondary on Facebook and Twitter. What was your rule set back then? How
                                         
                                         were you deciding what to do? Early rule set was super simple and it's the same rule set. It hasn't changed for me.
                                         
                                         And that is something that addresses a personal problem that I have, that I understand,
                                         
                                         that I could be a power user of, that I think I could feel very good about recommending to
                                         
                                         my audience. That's it. And that has worked pretty well. I mean, as you know, there are a lot of whiffs.
                                         
                                         I mean, you get a lot of things that zero out, but it's a power law game. So you're really aiming for the handful that return the fund. And I was always betting, this is actually another maybe key
                                         
    
                                         framework that I would say I've used over and over and over again. And that is I viewed the
                                         
                                         angel investing and all of that as a real world MBA, assuming that I would lose all of the money I put in, right? You don't get your tuition
                                         
                                         paid back to you by the same institution, but that the skills I would develop and the knowledge I
                                         
                                         would acquire and the relationships that I would end up cultivating would in the long term pay for
                                         
                                         all of it.
                                         
                                         Are there takeaways you had from specific investments that became part of your mental model?
                                         
                                         I think the most consistent lesson for me, and I'm not recommending anyone try to replicate
                                         
                                         this, but the timing was also really good in that period of time.
                                         
    
                                         But choosing people that you really like to work with, because a lot of these startups
                                         
                                         are going to take, if they turn out well, longer than the average marriage. So you really want to
                                         
                                         make sure these people pass the beer test. Like, are you going to want to go out and have a beer
                                         
                                         with this person? And that doesn't always apply. And I think really good founders are often pretty cantankerous. But I stuck to that. And for instance, I was thinking
                                         
                                         about some of the decisions in this area, and it's true for so many others. I could say, well,
                                         
                                         becoming an advisor to Uber was a really good decision, but that's not really the right story.
                                         
                                         The right story is working with Garrett on StumbleUpon was the right decision, which didn't
                                         
                                         pay off, but we got to know each other and that led directly to Uber. So rather than looking at
                                         
    
                                         the decisions that are most well-known for, say, successful people, even to this day when I'm
                                         
                                         interviewing people, I look for the antecedents. Like, okay, well, let's look at what happened
                                         
                                         before that without
                                         
                                         which those great decisions that are on the cover of magazines never would have happened.
                                         
                                         We were talking about this in the back because it's a question of, can you increase your
                                         
                                         optionality for fortune or luck or whatever anyone else says by taking meetings that may seem
                                         
                                         superfluous or uncertain or that then lead to these big outcomes. Yeah, totally. And for me, moving to the Bay Area and then later moving to San Francisco.
                                         
                                         So it wasn't enough to just be in the Bay Area. I moved all over the place,
                                         
    
                                         eventually got to San Francisco because I realized if I want maximum serendipity,
                                         
                                         if I want it to be easy for someone to say, hey, I'm over at this place, come and have a drink,
                                         
                                         rather than driving an hour to an hour and a half to get there, I needed to be in San Francisco or I wanted to be in San Francisco.
                                         
                                         And the question of where, I think, in an increasingly virtual world actually becomes
                                         
                                         more and more important. If you can operate in person, you have a huge competitive advantage.
                                         
                                         And it's a contrarian mindset today where everyone's relishing in the fact that they
                                         
                                         can live wherever they want.
                                         
                                         Yeah.
                                         
    
                                         So choosing at least seasonally, if you're not willing to kind of bet the farm in terms
                                         
                                         of moving to one place to be in certain locations, if you're still in that growth phase of your
                                         
                                         career or life, professionally speaking, then I think that's undervalued.
                                         
                                         Yeah, I agree with that.
                                         
                                         And some of the work I've done in studying,
                                         
                                         like Danny Meyer, when he wanted to be a great restaurateur,
                                         
                                         he moved to Europe and worked in any job he possibly could.
                                         
                                         It's all the same.
                                         
    
                                         People ask about patterns across the 700 or so interviews I've done.
                                         
                                         I'd say that's easily one of the most obvious.
                                         
                                         That's cool.
                                         
                                         Now, you've mentioned recently publicly that
                                         
                                         you've backed away from angel investing. So for someone that's had such a prolific run and
                                         
                                         successful run, why step away? That doesn't seem to make any sense. Yeah, I'd say number one,
                                         
                                         I didn't grow up with much money or spending much money. And I still think I'm actually quite bad at
                                         
                                         spending money. So why gather more Skittles until I figured out how to use the Skittles I have, I think is one
                                         
    
                                         thing that comes to mind. Number two is things have gotten more difficult, I think, in angel
                                         
                                         investing. There's just more noise, more competition. It's like in the early days,
                                         
                                         I learned how to count cards with single deck blackjack with a handful of friends.
                                         
                                         And now they're like, yeah, we think we're going to change the odds we're going to swap in a different brain
                                         
                                         to count to an eight deck shoe exactly the game is harder and i also feel like as with most things my
                                         
                                         bolus the majority of my really fast non-stop learning happened in the first few years and that there
                                         
                                         are a lot of people who can invest and there are a few things that i think i'm reasonably good at
                                         
                                         that i've i don't want to say neglected but paid less attention to and i prefer to return
                                         
    
                                         to some of the creative stuff and also i've been doing it for a long time so generally when i've
                                         
                                         been doing something for five plus years i think what is something that for whatever reason I'm attracted to
                                         
                                         that seems completely unrelated, it's a total left turn. And that is something that I'll try
                                         
                                         to experiment with because it's just worked for me over and over again. If something energetically
                                         
                                         is pulling me, I want to pay attention to it. And right now that's fiction and animation and AI and a handful of other tools.
                                         
                                         Let's go back now to your journey as a creator.
                                         
                                         So where does the second book become the blog, become the email list, become the podcast?
                                         
                                         I'll put them in order.
                                         
    
                                         So the blog was started in 2006, which was, of course, before the book came out in 2007.
                                         
                                         That's not a coincidence i had interviewed
                                         
                                         long before i had the podcast i interviewed people that's part of the reason it was easy
                                         
                                         for me to segue to the podcast but i interviewed best writing authors so people who had books that
                                         
                                         were acclaimed and that had won national book awards and so on while i was writing the four
                                         
                                         hour work week to try to be better at writing books, I also interviewed, reached out to best-selling authors, not always the same thing,
                                         
                                         and asked them about launch and the vehicles and the types of media that seemed to be
                                         
                                         undervalued but were increasing in impact in their mind. And there were patterns. Blogs were the big
                                         
    
                                         thing. They said, these things called
                                         
                                         blogs seem to move a lot of books, but most authors pay no attention to them. And I was like, all right,
                                         
                                         I don't have a whole lot of wiggle room here for a number of reasons with, say, a large budget for
                                         
                                         launch. I know the publisher is going to want to control quite a few variables. I'm going to focus
                                         
                                         on two things, blogs and in-person events to reach bloggers. And to do that credibly, I thought I really should have a blog that has some good
                                         
                                         articles on it and began that in 2006. And that then led to the book, or I should say,
                                         
                                         was followed by the book in April 2007. March 2007, really important inflection point, was presenting here
                                         
                                         for the first time. Thank you, Hugh Forrest, for giving me an overflow space. I think it was next
                                         
    
                                         to a cafeteria, but it was like a last minute cancellation. I rehearsed at my friend's garage
                                         
                                         using his chihuahuas as my test audience. And if they got bored and walked away, I was like, I'm losing them. I'm losing them. And so I'd do it again. And that really planted the toehold in tech that I think directly contributed to
                                         
                                         the success of the book, certainly in the first year. And then you have, let's see, email gathered
                                         
                                         with the very first website. So I was gathering email
                                         
                                         beginning in 2007. I knew that email could be important, but I didn't send the first email
                                         
                                         until something like 2014. You just collected them.
                                         
                                         I just collected. I didn't do anything with them. And then I continued to work on the blog. That
                                         
                                         became the way I communicated directly with my audience, which maybe we'll come back to,
                                         
    
                                         based on WordPress, which meant I did not feel captive to any platform. I knew that I could take
                                         
                                         this open source platform. And if I wanted to migrate my blog and my content, I could do that.
                                         
                                         And that flexibility of migration has been a core tenet of my professional life, I would say,
                                         
                                         ever since.
                                         
                                         When you're interviewing these other authors, you've transitioned to intentionality, right?
                                         
                                         At that point, you're trying to do the best you possibly can on that product.
                                         
                                         Yeah, on the books, on the books for sure. And I wanted books that would last. And thankfully,
                                         
                                         they have. I mean, these books still continue to do very well. I think most of...
                                         
    
                                         Because the content's more evergreen?
                                         
                                         I think it's almost all evergreen.
                                         
                                         And that's true for the podcast as well.
                                         
                                         I really don't want to produce content that has an expiration date that is really obvious.
                                         
                                         That just requires more work for me.
                                         
                                         What year are you aware you're a professional content creator?
                                         
                                         I thought of myself at that time as, I would say, a professional writer. And books are a very
                                         
                                         particular thing. They have a permanence and they have a static nature. You can update them,
                                         
    
                                         but it's harder. It's easier now with Kindle. That requires a lot of forethought. And I think that that's something I also try to
                                         
                                         use now. I still try to measure twice, cut once with producing any content, which in a world of
                                         
                                         be fast to be first, I do think that pause gives you an advantage. And then as far as say, I've
                                         
                                         never thought of myself, to be honest, as a content creator. It's always been as a writer or an interviewer, something that makes it more finely categorized because it helps
                                         
                                         me then to work on a craft. If you say I'm a creator, that doesn't give you a great search
                                         
                                         function for trying to improve your craft. So I've always been very finely sliced. And it was author, it was then investor, early stage consumer
                                         
                                         facing tech investor, to be clear. Then in 2012, the four hour chef burned me out. It was probably
                                         
                                         a three to four year project that I put together in a year and a half. Very proud of the output,
                                         
    
                                         but it just physically demolished me. And in the process of doing the launch, I'd asked another cohort of bestselling authors
                                         
                                         which platforms were neglected, but seemingly powerful.
                                         
                                         They said podcasts.
                                         
                                         I went on a whole host of podcasts.
                                         
                                         I was very lucky to be there at that point in time also.
                                         
                                         So you had Joe Rogan, you had Nerdist, you had Marc Maron, and this entire cohort, Adam Carolla.
                                         
                                         Those really moved the needle. They were also such a sharp contrast to the morning TV shows
                                         
                                         and so on that I'd done previously, where I could actually get into nuance, I could curse,
                                         
    
                                         I could be myself. I had a blast and decided I am too burned out to do another book. I want to try something else. Let me try
                                         
                                         podcasting. I'll do six episodes to give myself a graceful exit. I'll set that expectation up front.
                                         
                                         It was either six or 10 episodes. And even if it fails, this is coming back to something I
                                         
                                         mentioned earlier, even if it fails, meaning the audience doesn't like it or I don't continue doing
                                         
                                         it, I will get better at interviewing and I will deepen relationships
                                         
                                         or make new relationships, all of which will persist after the hypothetical failure. And
                                         
                                         then I just kept doing it because I was having fun. Do you have a similar story to the book
                                         
                                         story on podcasting or interviewing where you went out and studied the art or the craft?
                                         
    
                                         Definitely. I studied anyone I thought had something to offer, even if the format was very different.
                                         
                                         That would include people like Dan Carlin, Hardcore History, which I think is one of the most spectacular podcasts of all time.
                                         
                                         I don't know that one.
                                         
                                         The audience might tell us about him and why.
                                         
                                         Yeah, Hardcore History is, I would say, one of the super, super first-gen long-form podcasts. Dan Carlin
                                         
                                         does a deep dive on some facet of history, some chapter of history. For instance,
                                         
                                         Wrath of the Khans about Genghis Khan is, I think, four or five parts. Each one is probably
                                         
                                         four to five hours. And there's no one who, if he had gone to a market research firm and said,
                                         
    
                                         what do you think of this idea? Uniformly, he would have been told it was a terrible idea,
                                         
                                         doomed to failure. If they could bet the farm against him, they would.
                                         
                                         And it worked. And even to this day, I think he just had a new episode come out a month ago.
                                         
                                         He has multiple podcasts now, so he can scratch the itch of doing something more frequently on
                                         
                                         current events. But the Hardcore History podcast, I think there was an eight-month interval where there were no episodes. So he's
                                         
                                         effectively publishing audio books, but it became massively successful. And I love studying those
                                         
                                         outliers because anytime you're told you have to do A, B, and C, my first question, at least
                                         
                                         internally, is can I find exceptions? And if you can find exceptions, it's not a must.
                                         
    
                                         And anything you took away from him or others that you borrowed?
                                         
                                         Don't believe any dogmatic rules around what you have to do or what you should do.
                                         
                                         Test.
                                         
                                         Experiment.
                                         
                                         It doesn't matter, to maybe paraphrase Richard Feynman, it doesn't matter how beautiful,
                                         
                                         how pretty your theory is.
                                         
                                         If it doesn't match with experiment, it's wrong.
                                         
                                         So test.
                                         
    
                                         Do lots of tests.
                                         
                                         And I, in the early stages also, took my transcripts and ended up hiring a senior researcher from
                                         
                                         inside the actor's studio, amazing show, to look through my transcripts and identify where
                                         
                                         I could do a better job.
                                         
                                         Where did I not follow up on a question that
                                         
                                         was a gem? How could I have reordered the questions for a better flow? All of these types of things.
                                         
                                         And that was fruitful, that exercise.
                                         
                                         Very fruitful.
                                         
    
                                         Yes.
                                         
                                         And at the very least, I think everybody here should record a podcast just so you have to
                                         
                                         listen to yourself talk. And you will find so many things
                                         
                                         that drive you insane. Everyone will have some form of tick that will drive you batty. And
                                         
                                         you'll notice where you're sloppy also in your thinking because really, I mean,
                                         
                                         speaking is just thinking out loud. And you become a much clearer thinker. You become a much more concise, deliberate thinker.
                                         
                                         And for that reason, I think everybody should try a podcast for at least three episodes,
                                         
                                         even if you never publish it. Interview your family. Save that for your kids or grandkids.
                                         
    
                                         Serious. What makes you a great podcaster? Can you reflect on that?
                                         
                                         I'll answer it maybe a little bit differently. I think what makes me a successful podcaster is first and foremost, I chose a format very consciously that was simple enough
                                         
                                         that I could persist in doing it. So I knew I would have the ability to endure. I would have the endurance to do a long form interview
                                         
                                         and then follow that with minimal editing and share it. I knew I could do that.
                                         
                                         And many podcasters, I think, commit to failure before they even start by choosing a format
                                         
                                         that is going to be too difficult or too exhausting given other obligations.
                                         
                                         So there's this elephant graveyard
                                         
                                         of three episode podcasts for that reason. The second is I chose a category, let's say,
                                         
    
                                         and I earned the ability to do this. I'm not sure if I could have done this in the beginning.
                                         
                                         Four-hour workweek was very narrow. Four-hour body then says, hey, and I guess it was proved to me
                                         
                                         that the hypothesis was correct,
                                         
                                         that a lot of my readers would follow me for my thinking, not just for a single topic.
                                         
                                         And then it kept broadening. And by the time I got to the podcast, landed on the very unoriginal
                                         
                                         title of the Tim Ferriss Show because I didn't want to apply a label that would constrain what
                                         
                                         I could do. And you see what can go sideways. There are a lot of things that can go right with a very narrow niche.
                                         
                                         But if, for instance, and this is very common,
                                         
    
                                         you decide you're going to be the funny voice,
                                         
                                         wear a unicorn hat guy on your YouTube channel,
                                         
                                         and God forbid that becomes mega popular,
                                         
                                         like four years later,
                                         
                                         are you still going to want to be the funny voice,
                                         
                                         unicorn hat wearing guy on YouTube?
                                         
                                         Maybe not. And many people end up
                                         
                                         feeling like they can't escape a monster of their own making if things go right.
                                         
    
                                         So I was able to make it very broad, which means I can explore my interests wherever they might fall,
                                         
                                         which also gives me endurance, which is a competitive advantage. If you are not able to endure, especially with the
                                         
                                         amount of noise and the number of entrants now, I think it's very, very challenging to establish
                                         
                                         any type of firm footing upon which you can build a business, which was never my intention.
                                         
                                         I didn't monetize the podcast until, I don't know, 20, 30 episodes in, which I still would
                                         
                                         recommend to most people. But those are some-
                                         
                                         That waiting window.
                                         
                                         That waiting window. Because if you focus on, this is just my perspective, my two cents,
                                         
    
                                         I'm sure there are many counterexamples. I would love for people to point at examples that prove
                                         
                                         this to not be correct for everyone, because of course that's true. For me, I wanted to focus on
                                         
                                         becoming as good as possible at the craft.
                                         
                                         I wanted all of my attention to be on that. And we all procrastinate in different ways.
                                         
                                         As a writer, my favorite way to procrastinate, reading. Socially acceptable. They're like,
                                         
                                         wow, you're such a serious reader. It's amazing. I wish I could be so dedicated. I'm like,
                                         
                                         damn right I'm dedicated. But really what I'm doing is procrastinating, doing the thing I should be doing, which is the writing. Similarly, as soon as someone
                                         
                                         dangles some carrot in front of me that's related to marketing, business models, whatever, oh,
                                         
    
                                         I love thinking about that stuff. I'll just skip the hard work, which is focusing on getting better
                                         
                                         at interviewing. In kind of learning from your experience and your success, one of the things
                                         
                                         that jumps out, you talk about controlling your
                                         
                                         own destiny and email and podcasting are two content forms. They're both these highly distributed
                                         
                                         things just by the way they're technically implemented. That's been something that you've
                                         
                                         been passionate about all along or you feel like it. I feel like it's an existential imperative right to have direct
                                         
                                         communication with your audience to the extent possible and so i gathered email starting in
                                         
                                         whatever it was 2007 didn't email i want to say i'm getting the dates slightly off until
                                         
    
                                         maybe 2013 or 2014 somewhere around there and then then started Five Bullet Friday in 2015. So this very
                                         
                                         short format, easily digestible. Here are the five coolest things I found through my enormous network
                                         
                                         this week. Check them out. You can read it in 60 seconds. So that Five Bullet Friday-
                                         
                                         It reinforced the podcast.
                                         
                                         It reinforces the podcast in some instances. It is legitimately whatever I have found most interesting that week.
                                         
                                         Took a photograph of a book I'm reading right now and sent it to my team saying, add to 5BF.
                                         
                                         I'll draft the bullet later.
                                         
                                         Art and Arcana of Dungeons and Dragons, if anyone's interested.
                                         
    
                                         Beautiful book.
                                         
                                         And that ended up being, I think, one of the fundamental key decisions for increasing direct
                                         
                                         access to my audience. Because podcasting is largely a black box for analytics. And
                                         
                                         just by contrast, I would say, I remember having a conversation with someone who had a
                                         
                                         massively successful business built on one or two Facebook pages. This was probably five
                                         
                                         years ago. And I asked him what it was like to run these businesses. And he said, it's like having
                                         
                                         the most profitable McDonald's in the world on top of an active volcano. Because if the algorithms
                                         
                                         are changed, if your organic reach is throttled, fuck, now you have a real problem on your hands.
                                         
    
                                         And I never wanted wanted i have enough
                                         
                                         trouble sleeping as it is i did not want to be kept up at night worrying about those types of
                                         
                                         things so yes i use facebook yes i use instagram yes i use all these platforms but i fully
                                         
                                         anticipated that at some point organic reach would be throttled across all of these yeah maybe it's
                                         
                                         the next recession that sparks it and people need to improve their bottom line.
                                         
                                         But at some point, that's going to happen.
                                         
                                         And I don't want to have all of my chips.
                                         
                                         I don't want to even have the majority of my chips in those places.
                                         
    
                                         From a risk management standpoint.
                                         
                                         From a risk management standpoint.
                                         
                                         And I don't view myself as a risk taker.
                                         
                                         First and foremost, I really view myself as a risk mitigator.
                                         
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                                         Check it out.
                                         
                                         One other thing you talk about a lot is staying lean. And you run this thing at a massive scale, but you have very little team and infrastructure, correct?
                                         
                                         Yeah, very few.
                                         
                                         And you just said something earlier that I keyed on. You said endurance. Is part of the endurance
                                         
    
                                         tied to that?
                                         
                                         Like just not having the overhead of it all? I think they are tied together. And I should say
                                         
                                         there are many instances for many people where building out teams makes perfect sense.
                                         
                                         Because I recognize some of my weaknesses, as I mentioned earlier, I don't think I'm the most
                                         
                                         effective. Actually, I think I am an effective leader.
                                         
                                         I'm not the easiest person to have as a manager.
                                         
                                         And I recognize that.
                                         
                                         So I have a very lean team.
                                         
    
                                         I mean, currently just have three employees.
                                         
                                         And we do everything effectively with that team.
                                         
                                         We have very well-defined processes.
                                         
                                         And it maps back to the four-hour workweek, honestly, which is like define. There's define, definition, elimination, automation, and liberation. We won't get into
                                         
                                         liberation today, but defining exactly what your outcome measures are, to use the fancy acronym,
                                         
                                         KPIs. What are you measuring week to week, month to month that matters? Why are you doing these
                                         
                                         things? What are the priorities? One, two, let's just say, then eliminating as much as
                                         
                                         possible that don't relate to driving those forward and then automating as much as possible
                                         
    
                                         with really, really good processes. So we have very, very good processes for the podcast.
                                         
                                         And for that reason, we don't need 20 people. We don't need 30 people. And I've pushed back a bit the trend towards video because it would end up increasing the infrastructure required.
                                         
                                         It would also fix me to one location, and I'm not willing to make that trade-off largely.
                                         
                                         How do you do prep? You're doing this many podcasts. You're not reading a thousand books
                                         
                                         a year. No. Step number one is write a blog post, which is called, I think it's called The Decision That
                                         
                                         Removes a Thousand Decisions, and then in parentheses, why I'm not reading any new books
                                         
                                         this year. So make it a policy. If you want to say no to a category of thing, make it a public
                                         
                                         policy. So number one is making it a public policy. I'm not reading any books published this
                                         
    
                                         year. That way I can tell every guest not reading books without having to ruffle feathers. The next step is looking at,
                                         
                                         before I even invite someone, looking at long form video and audio to the extent possible.
                                         
                                         And maybe I have to find something that was recorded behind doors. That's something that
                                         
                                         I'm usually pretty good at doing. Interviews, Wikipedia, what am I looking for though?
                                         
                                         What's the filter? I'm looking for a handful of things. One would be any odd hobbies
                                         
                                         or Passover comments that weren't fleshed out that I think would make for a good first question
                                         
                                         or second question in part because it will prove to the interviewee that I have actually looked at
                                         
                                         the details and done my homework, which is really important for a lot of interviewees.
                                         
    
                                         Because if you don't prove that early, they're going to go on autopilot and they're gone. They're checked out. They're
                                         
                                         thinking about their next vacation. You might as well be talking to Max Headroom or something.
                                         
                                         It's just not going to be very interesting. And then I would say beyond that, I will try to
                                         
                                         identify what has been neglected, what has not been mentioned. And that can lead some interesting
                                         
                                         places, not always comfortable places, but that can lead, for instance, if they haven't talked
                                         
                                         about their childhood at all, I might ask them if they're okay with me asking about their childhood.
                                         
                                         Few other key, I would say housekeeping, and this is also in the category of prep. It's just right
                                         
                                         before we record. I will talk to anyone. We did this,
                                         
    
                                         even though we know each other, for five to 10 minutes beforehand. Number one, just so everybody
                                         
                                         can get their hamstrings warmed up. We're not trying to sprint out of the gates after hitting
                                         
                                         record. Just talk. But there's a format. I will say, you have final cut, just like every one of
                                         
                                         my guests. This is no gotcha show. I've had that happen to me. It sucks. This is a friendly. My job is to make you sound as good as possible. You have final cut. We can
                                         
                                         send you the transcript. So don't worry about it. It's not live. So bathroom breaks, water breaks,
                                         
                                         you want to restate something, we can do that. And then I ask them and people comment on this
                                         
                                         because almost no one asks this. What would make this a home run for you? Looking back after it's published, say two months after it's published, what would make this one of
                                         
                                         your favorite interviews or something that you would point people to? Great. And then I can help
                                         
    
                                         steer it. And that puts people at ease and helps them to be vulnerable. Another thing that I will
                                         
                                         think of, if I want to try to unbox something that hasn't been explored before,
                                         
                                         there's probably a good reason it hasn't been explored. So I will find something in that same
                                         
                                         category. It could be childhood, could be relationships, could be a business failure.
                                         
                                         I will volunteer that information from my side first, just to provide some transparency,
                                         
                                         because I know that sometimes it seems like I'm talking a lot, and I am, but there are reasons for,
                                         
                                         in this case, doing that. I'll ask the question so they can think about it. Then I buy them time
                                         
                                         so that they don't feel too under pressure. Then I volunteer an answer from my own life that
                                         
    
                                         basically makes me vulnerable simultaneously, and it makes people much more likely to reciprocate. So those are a few of the things that I do. If I have any access to that person or their lives
                                         
                                         through friends or acquaintances, then I will also back channel to a few folks and ask them
                                         
                                         what topics or questions. I always preface. I'll say, I'm obviously doing a
                                         
                                         ton of my own homework because people don't want to help you, including my friends, if you're being
                                         
                                         lazy. So I'll say, I'm doing a ton of my own homework, but are there any questions or topics
                                         
                                         that you think could be fun or uncommon to explore with so-and-so? I did this with,
                                         
                                         I sent a text to you like that for Danny Meyer when I interviewed him recently.
                                         
                                         Right. And you earn reciprocal trust through many of those techniques.
                                         
    
                                         Absolutely.
                                         
                                         And then I will also, and this leads to a lot, and it smooths out the entire process,
                                         
                                         I will very frequently ask guests, not always, but ask them if there's anyone they think
                                         
                                         would really have fun having a conversation on the podcast.
                                         
                                         So I'd say 70% of the guests come from other guests at this point.
                                         
                                         You asked me that about Mike Movison and you just had him on.
                                         
                                         I did. One topic that I adore just as a fan of media is what I call pure respect. So I remember Shaq went on this five minute rant about all the greats that had come before him, which was just
                                         
                                         super endearing. Tell us a couple of other
                                         
    
                                         podcasters that you respect and why. There are a lot. You mentioned one. Yeah. Yeah. I mentioned
                                         
                                         one. There are many and I respect them for a whole lot of different reasons. I would say
                                         
                                         it runs the gamut from say like a Guy Raz. So how I built this, who is using, I don't want to say this American life format, but he's doing a
                                         
                                         lot of prep, a lot of recording, and then immaculate editing with his team and telling a story arc.
                                         
                                         So they might move things around. And that is a particular game. That's a very particular game.
                                         
                                         And he's very, he and his team are very, very good at it. I would say this is going to seem like an easy one, but Joe Rogan
                                         
                                         has done an excellent job of becoming a category of one. He wasn't emulating someone else.
                                         
                                         And for those wondering where you might be able to read up on how to do this,
                                         
    
                                         there's a chapter called The Law of Category in the 22 Immutable Laws of Marketing. A lot of the other
                                         
                                         chapters are outdated. This one everyone should read. He did an excellent job of number one,
                                         
                                         experimenting with a brand new format early. He has been in the podcasting world for a very long
                                         
                                         time and he's tested a lot. And he found his footing reasonably quickly and the combination of entertainment and in-depth
                                         
                                         interview and tripling down on long format, I think he deserves a lot of credit for popularizing.
                                         
                                         He also made incredibly, incredibly good strategic decisions before most. I'll give you an example. YouTube, one of the world's largest search
                                         
                                         engines, who did one of the very first spectacular jobs of capturing podcasts on YouTube, not just
                                         
                                         long form, but using clips on a separate channel. So he has played that game like the consummate
                                         
    
                                         professional. And so he would be another example. I think Lex Friedman does an
                                         
                                         excellent job. I'd say our formats are probably closest in some respects. Patrick O'Shaughnessy,
                                         
                                         who we both know, who focuses on investing and investors, I think does a fantastic job.
                                         
                                         I could list another 20. There are some really, really good interviewers out there,
                                         
                                         but it's not enough to be a good interviewer. I really think you need to seek to be a category
                                         
                                         of one. It's a lot easier to be the only than it is to be the best when you have millions of
                                         
                                         podcasts to compete against. So spend a lot of time thinking about positioning.
                                         
                                         I have a couple of questions about big events in your world that have happened in the past two or three years. So Spotify leaned heavy into podcasts, did a couple of high dollar acquisitions
                                         
    
                                         with Joe and Bill Simmons. And at least based on what they've said publicly with the layoffs and
                                         
                                         stuff, they backed off a little bit. What are your thoughts on that in and out and what it
                                         
                                         means for your world? I think first and foremost that it was a
                                         
                                         very smart strategic decision to acquire talent and that podcasts and audiobooks or some form of
                                         
                                         audiobooks are probably existentially important to Spotify versus say an Amazon, right? Amazon has
                                         
                                         put a lot of resources into podcasts, and certainly they are
                                         
                                         the dominant player in audiobooks with Audible, but they could survive without those things.
                                         
                                         And for that reason, for Spotify to acquire talent at whatever price necessary to fold in
                                         
    
                                         existing audiences, to get a lot of PR, which gets the attention of other high-profile creators who
                                         
                                         then might reach out through their lawyers or agents to have conversations. I think it was
                                         
                                         very smart. And I expected, no matter what, that once they became a more meaningful percentage of
                                         
                                         every podcaster's downloads, that they would back off of that. Because why buy audience when you get
                                         
                                         to the point where most
                                         
                                         podcasters have to pay attention to you and they're coming to you at the same time they might
                                         
                                         go to Apple to ask for promotional help? You've established a different level of leverage at that
                                         
                                         point. So it doesn't surprise me that they've backed off. I think that would have happened
                                         
    
                                         either way. You're in a position to know this. I'm not. How successful have they been encroaching on Apple's podcast player or others?
                                         
                                         They've grown a lot.
                                         
                                         They've grown really significantly.
                                         
                                         I can't link that causally to the one lever that they've pulled in terms of…
                                         
                                         Do you know as a percentage, at least for you?
                                         
                                         I don't, and I would share it if I had it,
                                         
                                         but it's easily tripled or quadrupled
                                         
                                         in the last handful of years, without a doubt.
                                         
    
                                         And then the second thing I was going to ask you about on this front is just Twitter.
                                         
                                         Obviously, Twitter's been through a lot of changes in the past two years, but it's also
                                         
                                         a platform for redistribution, pretty powerful one in your world.
                                         
                                         I use Twitter in a very particular way. I
                                         
                                         am not totally convinced of its power as a distribution mechanism. It may be just the
                                         
                                         same 200 people yelling at one another all the day, every day. It's hard for me to tell sometimes.
                                         
                                         But Twitter principally for me is a way of connecting with, I would say, a third of my podcast guests. And it is an excellent
                                         
                                         means by which you can make contact with someone who would otherwise be very difficult to get hold
                                         
    
                                         of. Oh, the DM part.
                                         
                                         DM. Because if you are reaching out, say, to have a conversation with someone through an agent,
                                         
                                         a lawyer, a manager, a fill in the blank. There's so many layers and so many hurdles.
                                         
                                         Even for me, it's very difficult to make contact with a lot of people. Twitter just gets rid of
                                         
                                         all of that because if you both follow each other, and in some cases you have open DMs,
                                         
                                         you can communicate with someone and they don't have to share any of their contact information.
                                         
                                         They're not going to be getting a late night text from you thinking of you, how are you? They're not going to have
                                         
                                         the creep factor potential as much lower. So I would say probably a third of the people I ended
                                         
    
                                         up having in my book, Tribe of Mentors, came from DMs on Twitter.
                                         
                                         Yeah. I've wondered over the years if LinkedIn hadn't polluted their in-mail and made it monetized and they had done
                                         
                                         what Twitter did, how much of the most powerful conversations in the world would happen?
                                         
                                         Yeah. I will say, I do think LinkedIn is going through a powerful resurrection of sorts where I
                                         
                                         actually think LinkedIn is going to become a more powerful platform than people expect
                                         
                                         for broadcast. And I've seen inklings of that.
                                         
                                         However, I should add a warning, which is if you don't have a focal point like an email newsletter,
                                         
                                         or you don't have a focal point like the craft of improving your podcast,
                                         
    
                                         because quality always has a market. If you aim to be the best in a category of one,
                                         
                                         right now I know I'm combining a few things I said might be separate. They're not mutually exclusive. If you don't have that type of focus,
                                         
                                         you haven't made those definitions ahead of time, you are going to be like a rabbit in a maze trying
                                         
                                         to find a piece of carrot. You're going to be jumping from one platform to the next, to this,
                                         
                                         to this. And even on one platform, oh, the algorithm changed. Now I have to change everything
                                         
                                         that I'm doing. It's all about dogs farting now. Okay, great. How long can it be? 27 seconds. Okay, that's what I'm going to do now. And you are going
                                         
                                         to lose. You're not going to actually, I think, achieve any of the goals if you have defined those
                                         
                                         goals in advance at all. Cool. So what I'd like to do now is this gentleman, Tim Ferriss, wrote a
                                         
    
                                         book called Tribe of Mentors, where he came up with a list of questions for a whole bunch of different people. So I'd like to turn them on you. Because I want to earn
                                         
                                         your trust, I'll answer them first and show a little vulnerability. Perfect. So the first question
                                         
                                         is, which books or books have you gifted the most? For me, it's Complexity about the Santa Fe
                                         
                                         Institute and a wonderful book called Mr.
                                         
                                         China about this guy that lost his shirt, this British gentleman that lost his shirt
                                         
                                         investing in China.
                                         
                                         Those are my two.
                                         
                                         What are yours?
                                         
    
                                         I would say the moral letters to Luke Hillius, better known, I'd say, through Penguin as
                                         
                                         letters from a Stoic.
                                         
                                         These are letters of Seneca that I think are very, very easily applicable to many different
                                         
                                         situations. That would be one. Another one is Awareness by Anthony DeMello, a long since dead
                                         
                                         now, but Jesuit priest who is also a psychotherapist. Awareness. And then I would say
                                         
                                         assorted poems, mostly of Hafez. And you give these out?
                                         
                                         I have bookshelves full of these books at home and i give them to
                                         
                                         friends and guests and so on very cool the second question which purchase of a hundred dollars or
                                         
    
                                         less has most positively impacted your life in the last six months now i was hoping you were
                                         
                                         going to ask me this question but you didn't so i was i was ready for it i i have a very peculiar answer like really really
                                         
                                         amazing nail clippers like pay 50 bucks for them or something like it'd change your life i promise
                                         
                                         i mean you know i could i could use some some some manicuring most of us use really shitty
                                         
                                         nail clippers wait till you try a really so a. So a piece of advice from Kevin Kelly, just a quick one.
                                         
                                         He's like, you know that you have that bad pen and that one bad pair of scissors?
                                         
                                         He's like, yeah, just get rid of all those bad pairs or versions of whatever.
                                         
                                         Actually get a high quality version.
                                         
    
                                         So fingernail clippers, $100 or less.
                                         
                                         I would say, and this is not going to be applicable to a lot of folks, I have Raynaud's disease.
                                         
                                         So my fingers and toes get brutally cold in the winter and really hot in the summer. Getting rid of ski
                                         
                                         gloves, I tried all the fanciest, including heated gloves, just getting bins without finger dividers
                                         
                                         and putting heaters, cheap disposable heaters. And don't worry about the fact that they might
                                         
                                         not look cool. They don't look cool and they make everything else harder related to buckling.
                                         
                                         But I was in some really cold temperatures recently.
                                         
                                         So mittens, there you have it.
                                         
    
                                         Third is favorite failure or failure that set you up for success.
                                         
                                         I was thinking about this last night.
                                         
                                         I was very fortunate and got introduced into math competitions in the sixth grade
                                         
                                         and was super successful. But by eighth
                                         
                                         grade, I was getting my head handed to me. And there was just a whole influx of new students
                                         
                                         and new people, a lot of immigrants, and it just got harder. And in retrospect, I think feeling the victory but then having it kind of get away was very humbling and gave me a proper perspective on things.
                                         
                                         Yeah, that makes sense.
                                         
                                         I would say I already mentioned one, which would be the four-hour chef burning me out and also getting boycotted by a lot of retailers because it was the first major title out of Amazon Publishing
                                         
    
                                         at the time. And for that reason, even though it sold 120,000 copies in the first week,
                                         
                                         which is a lot, and I think number two on the New York Times list sold something like
                                         
                                         10,000 copies, it ended up number four on New York Times, which is largely an editor's choice
                                         
                                         list.
                                         
                                         If you want a compiled list, something like the Wall Street Journal is a truer reflection of,
                                         
                                         say, Nielsen Book Scan. And that was very hard for me to stomach after also just doing this
                                         
                                         suicide run of cramming it into a year and a half, which led to the podcast. If I had not burned out,
                                         
                                         the podcast wouldn't have happened. I would add to that, flashing back much earlier, when I was initially an undergrad, I wanted to be a neuroscience. I was a neuroscience major,
                                         
    
                                         and I couldn't do the animal testing required in the lab within which I wanted to work.
                                         
                                         And I think it's important. I do think actually this type of testing is important. I couldn't
                                         
                                         personally do it at the time. And I switched to East Asian Studies with a focus on language
                                         
                                         acquisition. And without that obsessive focus on language and language acquisition, I don't personally do it at the time. And I switched to East Asian Studies with a focus on language acquisition. And without that obsessive focus on language and language acquisition,
                                         
                                         I don't think the fidelity of my hearing and awareness would be such that I could do my
                                         
                                         podcasting the way I do it. I think that cultivated a sensitivity that helped much later.
                                         
                                         So just to add a footnote to that, do whatever gives you the most energy,
                                         
                                         because energy is that currency that drives everything else.
                                         
    
                                         So I don't regret majoring in East Asian Studies at all.
                                         
                                         The next one you asked almost all of your guests about the gigantic billboard.
                                         
                                         I just a few weeks ago said, don't be tribal.
                                         
                                         And I just feel like there's no reason that 50% of the world should have their opinion on everything decided
                                         
                                         by one group of people. And then I just think we all need to kind of be responsible for our
                                         
                                         own thinking. What's your answer to your own favorite question? I'll piggyback on the thinking
                                         
                                         theme and I'm going to borrow mine from BJ Miller, hospice care physician who he does a lot more,
                                         
                                         but he's helped thousands of people to
                                         
    
                                         die. And I had him on the podcast. And his answer was, don't believe everything that you think,
                                         
                                         which ties into the awareness book, Anthony DeMello, I mentioned earlier. But don't believe
                                         
                                         everything that you think. I think many of our ills come from not cross-examining the things
                                         
                                         we take to be true. Fair. That correlates with that famous saying,
                                         
                                         strong opinions loosely held. Indeed. Yes. I think I might know your answer to this one.
                                         
                                         What is the best investment you've ever made? Mine's Uber. What's yours?
                                         
                                         Yeah, we've got the startup. We've got the startup investments but i'm gonna actually just to try to give a different answer
                                         
                                         i'm gonna say going to blog expo i want to say it was because that is where i met a ton of bloggers
                                         
    
                                         in person including robert scoble who ended up being very very helpful and putting something
                                         
                                         on his blog that i think was a sort of a phase shift moment for the four-hour work week.
                                         
                                         Because without any of that, none of the other stuff happens.
                                         
                                         Okay, and then I'll do this one last.
                                         
                                         In the last five years, what new belief, behavior, or habit has most improved your life?
                                         
                                         For me, I've learned that if you just wait a little bit of time, a lot of problems go away.
                                         
                                         And I used to go deep in them. if you just wait a little bit of time, a lot of problems go away.
                                         
                                         And I used to go deep in them.
                                         
    
                                         And this weekend was a perfect example, and it's a good transition to Silicon Valley Bank.
                                         
                                         But a lot of people did a lot of crazy, manic things this weekend
                                         
                                         that didn't matter because it all got solved this morning.
                                         
                                         So that's my do nothing and wait. My new habit.
                                         
                                         I would say mine is probably studying things like nonviolent communication. I encourage
                                         
                                         everybody to check it out. Get the audio book by Marshall. I'm blanking on his last name.
                                         
                                         Learning how to navigate conflict well.
                                         
                                         And I don't think I was terrible at it before,
                                         
    
                                         but nonviolent communication.
                                         
                                         And also, pro tip, if you are so dysregulated,
                                         
                                         if you're just so amped up that no matter what,
                                         
                                         it doesn't matter which tools you have in your toolkit
                                         
                                         because you're going to blow it,
                                         
                                         you're allowed to say to someone,
                                         
                                         which comes back to kind of doing nothing,
                                         
                                         I really just don't think
                                         
    
                                         I'm in a place right now to have this conversation go well. So let's just take a little breather and
                                         
                                         maybe we can do this later this afternoon or some other time. Just giving yourself permission to
                                         
                                         wait. We're out of time. We're out of time. Bill Gurley. Thanks, everybody.
                                         
                                         Hey guys, this is Tim again. Just one more thing before you take off. And that is Five Bullet
                                         
                                         Friday. Would you enjoy getting a short email from me every Friday that provides a little fun
                                         
                                         before the weekend? Between one and a half and two million people subscribe to my free newsletter,
                                         
                                         my super short newsletter called Five Bullet Friday. Easy to sign up, easy to cancel. It is
                                         
                                         basically a half page that I send out every
                                         
    
                                         Friday to share the coolest things I've found or discovered or have started exploring over that
                                         
                                         week. It's kind of like my diary of cool things. It often includes articles I'm reading, books I'm
                                         
                                         reading, albums, perhaps gadgets, gizmos, all sorts of tech tricks and so on that get sent to me
                                         
                                         by my friends, including a lot of podcast guests. And these strange esoteric things end up in my field, and then I test them,
                                         
                                         and then I share them with you. So if that sounds fun, again, it's very short,
                                         
                                         a little tiny bite of goodness before you head off for the weekend, something to think about.
                                         
                                         If you'd like to try it out, just go to Tim.blog slash Friday. Type that into your browser,
                                         
                                         Tim.blog slash Friday. Drop in your email and you'll get the very next one. Thanks for listening.
                                         
    
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