Timesuck with Dan Cummins - 112 - The Russian Sleep Experiment

Episode Date: November 5, 2018

Did Russian Scientists seal five prisoners in an airtight chamber and dosed them with an experimental stimulant gas to test the effects of prolonged sleep deprivation in the 1940s? Did these prisoners lose their minds, scream until they'd torn their vocal chords, start eating their own flesh, attack guards who tried to release them, and die soon after the gas was turned off? Or, is this just an urban legend? And if it is an urban legend, where and when did it start? And why do people believe it? The Russian Sleep Experiment and the creation of modern web horror lore explored, today, on Timesuck! Watch the Suck on Youtube! https://youtu.be/NRRbUFZ5oBA Steven Watson's Hurricane Michael Go Fund Me! https://www.gofundme.com/69exxeo?pc_code=fb_co_postupdate_a&rcid=a707a4f2e8cb473c948a7c8b8368aed1 TedEd talk on Critical Thinking: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dItUGF8GdTw Merch - https://badmagicmerch.com/ Want to try out Discord!?! https://discord.gg/tqzH89v Want to join the Cult of the Curious private Facebook Group? Go directly to Facebook and search for "Cult of the Curious" in order to locate whatever current page hasn't been put in FB Jail :) For all merch related questions: https://badmagicmerch.com/pages/contact Please rate and subscribe on iTunes and elsewhere and follow the suck on social media!! @timesuckpodcast on IG, @timesuckpodcast on Twitter, and www.facebook.com/timesuckpodcast Wanna be a Space Lizard? We're over 3500 strong! Click here: https://www.patreon.com/timesuckpodcast Sign up through Patreon and for $5 a month you get to listen to the Secret Suck, which will drop Thursdays at Noon, PST. You'll also get 20% off of all regular Timesuck merch PLUS access to exclusive Space Lizard merch. You get to vote on two Monday topics each month via the app. And you get the download link for my new comedy album, Feel the Heat. Check the Patreon posts to find out how to download the new album and take advantage of other benefits. And, thank you for supporting the show by doing your Amazon shopping after clicking on my Amazon link at www.timesuckpodcast.com

The 1940s were full of human experimentation. There were the Nazi experiments on unwilling Jewish Romani, Polish disabled German people and more. Dr. Joseph Mengele's horrific experiments on twins nearly 1500 in prison twins had dyes injected into their eyes to determine if the color could be changed. Twins were sewn together in an attempt to create conjoined twins. One twin would often be tortured while the other would be left alone as a control group. Herific transplants were conducted, sections of bone, muscle, and nerves would be taken

from one patient without anesthesia and attached to another patient. My God! Monsters things were done in the name of war and cold scientific curiosity. The Japanese conducted horrific human experiments in the 1940s as well. The Unit 731 experiments, a subject we already sucked, bonus episode 13, Allied forces, POWs, Chinese and Russian civilians had limbs amputated to study the effect of blood loss, test subjects would be saved only to have another limb removed later until there were no limbs left to remove, and then they'd finally be put out of their misery.

Their scientific usefulness now, non-existent. Patients, including children, were given veneerial diseases, including syphilis. Some patients were infected via rape. Frostbite was tested by leaving test subjects, naked and below freezing weather, and there were many, many, many other horrible things done. The United States also ran its own experiments on unwilling or unsuspecting humans in the

1940s. At the University of Michigan, researchers deliberately infected patients at a state mental institution with the flu inmates at the state's filipin intentuary near Joliet, Illinois were given malaria and Guatemala, U.S. researchers used prostitutes to infect prison inmates, insane asylum patients and Guatemalan soldiers with syphilis and other STDs. The team that did that was led by Dr. John Charles Cutler, who would later participate in the Tuskegee syphilis experiments. Those experiments that began in 1932 and last for 40 years, experiments were African-Americans

in, living in Alabama, were unknowingly given syphilis and then intentionally not treated properly to study the long-term effects of the disease. And the Russians, they ran their experiments as well. The Soviets had poison laboratories, first opened in the early 1920s that were in operation during the 1940s, a Russian scientist, biochemist and poison specialists named Grigoriy Maranowski ran a lab called laboratory one in the 1940s that tested the effects of mustard gas, rice and digitoxin, carari, cyanide, and more on Russian prisoners in order to try and find a tasteless, odorless chemical that

couldn't be detected after death. And so did these same Russian scientists or perhaps colleagues of theirs also run experiments on sleep deprivation? That's what we can talk about today. The story goes that is the 1940s wound to a close, the Soviets sealed five prisoners in an airtight chamber and doused them with an experimental stimulant gas

to test the effects of prolonged sleep deprivation. And then their behavior was monitored via two-way mirrors and microphones, they were promised freedom if they could make it for 30 days with no sleep. The longest continuous period of not sleeping someone has ever accomplished prior to the experiment, at least the longest scientifically monitored period of sleep deprivation was 264.4 hours.

And that actually was not prior to the experiment. That's so far, so far and recorded kind of scientific history. 11 days and 25 minutes. It was accomplished in the 1960s. It accomplished by a high school student named Randy Gardner and San Diego, California. The Guinness Book of World Records actually refused to acknowledge this record because it considers long term sleep deprivation dangerous and doesn't want to encourage people to try and break the record.

Which is weird to make a considering. You can set a record and recording your breath or and starting holding your breath for the longest time underwater or in swallowing the most swords simultaneously. How are those records less dangerous than now falling asleep? If you're curious, 29 swords at once. I was set by Dan Meyer before a live audience at Ripley's Believer, not Auditorium in St. Augustine, Florida, March 28th, 2015. And this is crazy to me.

24 minutes, 3.45 seconds. That's how long someone held their breath continuously underwater. That was Alex Sugura, Vendrell, Barcelona, Spain, February 28th, 2016. I would die in five minutes. I don't even understand that. Anyway, Randy Gardner suffered no ill effects after 11 days to continue a sleep deprivation, often needing, you know,

or other than needing just a little more sleep than normal the next few nights. But what would 30 days do to somebody? In 1989, a sleep deprivation study was carried out on 10 rats at the University of Chicago, and by day 32, all the rats were dead. So did the five Russian test subjects die as well? How did their behavior change? Did they as a story goes Transform into these violent insane just kind of a zombie like monsters attacking each other around day 15 and then attacking Russian guard sending to release them after the experiment was terminated?

Did the experiment even take place at all? And if it didn't, why did so many people seem to think it did? The origins of some very creepy and disturbing web lore, thoroughly explored today on another, let's get to the bottom of this edition of Time Suck. You're listening to Time Suck. Yeah. Wait. Oh, yeah. Yeah.

Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. Happy Monday Time Suckers. Hail Nimrod. Hail Lucifer and Praiseboat Jangles, triple M, and, uhjangles, triple M and, and, and, and he'll you.

Uh, I'm Dan Cummins, the suck master, the master suck. This is the cold to the curious and you are listening to time suck. And apologies again. I got to time suckers Steven Watson. Sorry Steven. Uh, victim of hurricane Michael from me, not initially posting the link to his gofundme campaign and last week's episode description. Be gone, Luciferina, get out here.

I did add it within 24 hours this time, but it wasn't there initially. This week I loaded it into the episode description before even researching the episode. It was art, so I can't fuck it up. I don't know how it can be, if it fucked up, if it is. So it's in there today. It's in there right away. And thanks, Steven, for letting me know that you got my email connecting you with John Ryder,

that wonderful Times Locker slash public insurance adjuster who's gonna help you out. So hail Nimrod. And today's Times Locker's brought to you by the Jim Jeffries show podcast. The Jim Jeffries show on Comedy Central covers the most controversial issues of today through Australian comedy Jim Jeffries,

brand of comedy and global point of view. Very distinct to brand of comedy. Jim has truly developed an original international perspective in working the comedy scene in Australia, London, Los Angeles coming up, a touring worldwide. He's been all over, seen how a lot of people live and how they view the world and he brings that point of view to his podcast. The Jim Jeffries show podcast is just a slightly more podcasty version of his comedy central show. So if you like that show, you're going to love this podcast. Listen each week is Jim Jeffries and co-hosts for a shot sit down with friends and guests to discuss news, politics, all the things Jim couldn't wouldn't and shouldn't say on television.

So subscribe now to the Jim Jeffrey Show podcast. Listen to new episodes every Wednesday on your favorite podcast app. And thanks everyone for the continued reviews and constant spread and suck over 55 hundred reviews on iTunes alone now. That's just in the US. Most of them pretty good. Yeah, the suck is a little bit too much for some people. That's okay.

And new ones keep the podcast on the charts. So thank you very much for helping spread the suck every time you leave a review or a rating. Thank you, thank you, thank you. Also, more fun being had by the more than 4,000 members of the Colton Curious Private Facebook group. We're talking about that later in the time, sucker updates. Hoping I had a blast in Columbus, Ohio this past weekend, recording this episode in advance of those shows. So I have no idea how they went. I'm going to assume. I'm assuming good. Let's just do that. I'll be at helium

comedy club in Buffalo, New York this weekend, November 8th to 11th. Queen of the Suck Lindsey joining me back to Grand Rapids, Michigan shows that Dr. Grins November 16th and 17th, including my last live podcast of 2018 that Mar-a-Marros Narco satan is cult on the 17th this next week. And then Spokane, I'll be the Spokane Comedy Club November 29th, 30th, December 1st, finishing off 2018 in helium and St. Louis December 6th to the 9th and then excited to start the happy murder tour in 2019. And thanks for the positive feedback on the videos man, we put in little preview videos like I said on you know, the income is comedy, time suck podcast, the handles, those handles

on social media. And now as of last week, time suck, you know, in full, full length form living on YouTube. So I really appreciate you guys checking it out, leaving some comments. And yeah, just like with the regular podcast, we're just gonna do our best to keep making it better. And I also forgot to hand the fucking YouTube link, initially in last week's episode description.

So that came out a little late. Why? Why Nimrod? Why can't you give me more organizational strength? Why is it both jangles? You know, fact checking stuff. Why doesn't our suck count spend less time looking at his nuts and more time helping me? I put a note in this week's episode description

to remind myself of that as well. So it should be there right now. And stick around for today's time sucker updates. Man, it's some of my favorite. And a cool new item in the store. Little challenge coin. I am very excited about this. Man, this is so cool.

I'm so excited that we may, I don't think any of their podcast has a challenge coin. These things are 1.75 inches in diameter, constructed of hard enamel polished nickel and bojangles clock lipings to make them unbreakable. Each coin is 211% bojangles clock lipings. Coins weigh one and a half ounces, coming a little nice little acrylic plastic,

little airtight coin capsules to keep your new, danger brain design, custom collectible shiny, and new. Oh man, it's so fun. Each coin also doubles as a token of admission when Bajango spires up the space lizard mothership that will transport all coin caring members of the Coltley Curious into the next plane of existence some fourth plane We're Lucifina in Nimrod and probably David Ike weight

Current ETA for lift office of timbre 19th 2026 the coins are 20 bucks for non-space lizards Uh, and then for space lizards, you know, they're 16 because you get the discount and try to get the coin cost down But you know not be to branch the military you get to discount. And try to get the coin cost down, but not be to branch to the military or a giant company or some coin store, just not able to order the thousands necessary to pull that off. Love them, I love them.

Very excited to get into today's tale now. No timeline today, gotta get a little experimental with today's narrative. I was getting a little bored of just, show after show being that chronological order and that whole traditional, here's what happened, here's what I think about it kind of layout which I do love which we are gonna get back to but shake and shit up a bit

today I hope you like it time now for the Russian sleep experiment kick things off let's just get right into it let's get right into the actual story of the Russian sleep experiment as supposedly told by firsthand hand, you know, people with first hand knowledge of this experiment will examine the validity of this a little bit later in the episode. I am well aware that a lot of people do believe this is not true and I'm aware that some people do believe it's true. So let's just here at first. I'm going to read you the oldest known original account of what happened in that Russian laboratory shortly after World War II wound down. Here we go. Russian researchers in the late 1940s kept five people awake for 15 days using an experimental gas-based stimulant.

They were kept in a sealed environment to carefully monitor their oxygen intake, so the gas didn't kill them, since it was toxic and high concentrations. This was before closed circuit cameras, so they only had microphones and five inch thick glass, porthole size windows in the chamber to monitor them. The chamber was stocked with books, cost to sleep on, but no betting, running water and toilets and enough dried food to last all five for a month. The test subjects were political prisoners deemed enemy of the state during World War II. Everything was fine for the first five days of subjects hardly complained having been promised that they will be free if the you know that if they submitted

the test and did not sleep for the full thirty days their conversations and activities were monitored and it was noted that they continue to talk about increasingly traumatic incidents in their past and the general tone of the conversation took on a darker aspect after the day four mark uh... makes sense to me, I guess, you know, even though that San Diego high school kid made it 11 days without any major incident, I get that these, you know, things would get dark for these guys by day four. You know, I mean, Randy Gardiner, he could leave anytime he wanted, you know, he had no

synthetic chemicals being pumped into his system. He's monitored by Stanford sleep researcher by the name of Dr. William C. Dement by the way. Dr. Dement, that's not a good name for a doctor. I can't change that. I guess slightly better than Dr. Demented, but I feel like I might still change it if I had the name Dr. Demented, if I was gonna be a doctor. I definitely would change it if I was Dr. Demented.

I wouldn't feel the slightest safe around Dr. Demented, do you fuck? Change your name. You're not stuck with it. You can legally change your name. Or just even easier, just pretend to have a different name. I don't know why some people don't change your names, you know? Like, of my last name, I know that probably

no one has this for a last name. But for some reason, if my last name was like, at least, even if it wasn't spelled this way, if it was pronounced like pussy puncher, you know? Then, you know, I change that. Or I don't have the life I have now. I don't have two kids. I don't get married.

Not to Lindsay, at least, you know, I maybe get married to some psychopath, okay, with taking the last name of pussy puncher. Uh, and I guess if I lived that life, then the two of us only dying at restaurants to take reservations specifically so we can hear a pussy puncher party of two, your table is ready. Uh, but I digress. 10 days in. Randy Gardnerner still able to beat Dr. Demand at pinball still able to hold a coherent press conference, another test administrator, Lieutenant commander John J Ross of the US Navy medical neuropsychiatric

research unit. That's a lot of words. And San Diego did state that around day 10, Randy underwent serious behavioral changes, including paranoia, hallucination, and memory loss, but he certainly didn't lose his shit. The test subjects in the Russian sleep experiment did lose their shit. After five days, they started to complain about the circumstances and events that led them to where they were and started to demonstrate severe paranoia. They stopped talking to each other and began alternately whispering to the microphones and two-way mirrored portals. Oddly, they all seem to think that they can win the trust of their experimenters by turning over

their comrades and other subjects in captivity with them. At first, the researchers suspected this was an effect of the gas itself. After nine days, the first of them started screaming. He ran the length of the chamber, repeatedly yelling at the top of his lungs for three hours straight. That'd be fun to listen as for three hours straight. That'd be fun to listen to for the other people. He continued attempting to scream, but was only able to produce occasional squeaks. The researchers postulated that he had physically torn his vocal cords, but the other dudes were happy about that though.

The most surprising thing about this behavior is how the other captives reacted to it, or rather didn't react to it. They continued whispering to the microphones until the second of the captives started to scream. The two non-screaming captives took the books apart, smeared page after page with their own feces, and paced them calmly over the glass portals. The screaming promptly stopped. Well, I guess maybe that somehow they knew

that if you want people to stop screaming, you cover walls and shit. Maybe that's a, I don't know, maybe there's some kind of weird old wives tale, they have the validity to it. You wanna, you know, if you wanna people to subscribe, you cover walls and shit. Maybe that's a, I don't know. Maybe there's some kind of weird old wives tale, you know, they have the validity to it. You want to, you know, if you want to get your baby, you know, parents, your parents are young kids, you want your babies to subscribe and cover the room

with shit, that'll do it. And apparently the whispering to the microphone stopped as well when the screaming stopped, when they covered the windows and shit. I feel like as an experimenter, you have to be fairly sure that your experiment is not gonna make it to the 30 day mark when your test subjects start to smear shit on the walls

after screaming for a day or so before even like the day 15 mark. That couldn't have been anticipated. That couldn't have been according to plan, you know? Just, ah, they're smearing their shit on the walls on day 10, right on schedule. Yes, everything is going according to plan. After three more days past,

the researchers checked the microphones hourly to make sure they were working since they thought it was impossible that no sound could be coming through with five people inside. The oxygen consumption and the chamber indicated that all five must still be alive. In fact, it was the amount of oxygen

five people would consume at a very heavy level of strenuous exercise. That's weird. On the morning of the 14th day, the researchers did something they said they would not do to get a reaction from the captives they used to intercom. Inside the chamber, hoping to provoke any response from the captives they were afraid were either dead or were vegetables at this point. They announced, we are opening the chamber to test the microphones.

Step away from the door, lie flat on the floor, or you will be shot. Compliance will earn one of you your immediate freedom. And then to their surprise, they heard a single phrase in a calm voice respond, we no longer want to be freed. Yeah, you got to be pretty confident. You've broken the brain to these five people. When the only thing they say is just some creepy shit about not wanting to be freed after spending days in a ship filled room, maybe turn off the gas at this point. Maybe put less gas in there at this point. Nope.

Debate broke out among the researchers in the military forces funding the research, unable to provoke any more response using the intercom, it was finally decided to open the chamber at midnight on the 15th day. The chamber was flushed of the stimulant gas and filled with fresh air. Okay. All right. There you go. Maybe they just had, you know, a little too much happy gas. Immediately voices from the microphones began to object. Three different voices began begging as if pleading for the life of a loved one to turn the gas back on. Unexpected twist. Apparently, whatever stimulant they're using is very addictive. The chamber was open and soldiers sent in

to retrieve the test subjects. They began to scream louder than ever. And so did the soldiers when they saw what was inside. Four of the five subjects were still alive, although no one could rightly call the state that any of them were in as life. The food rashes past day five had not been so much as touched. There were chunks of meat from the death, from the dead test subjects' thighs and chest stuffed

into the drain in the center of the chamber, blocking the drain and allowing four inches of water to accumulate on the floor. Precisely how much the water on the floor was actually blood was never determined. All four surviving test subjects also had large portions of muscle and skin torn away from their bodies. The destruction of flesh and exposed bone on their fingertips indicated that the wounds were inflicted by hand, not with teeth, as the researchers initially thought. Closer examination of the position and angles of the wounds indicated that most, if not all of them, were self-inflicted. This got to be a disappointment for the scientists. Who I assume will be trying to develop some kind of stimulant that would allow like soldiers

to fight day and night for extended periods of time without rest. Not good for the war effort if your soldiers began to eat themselves during week two. The abdominal organs blow the rib cage of all four test subjects had been removed while the heart, lungs, and diaphragm remain in place, the skin and most of the muscle attached to the ribs have been ripped off, exposing the lungs through the ribcage. All the blood vessels and organs remained intact. They had just been taken out and laid on the floor,

fanning around the eviscerated, but still living bodies of the subjects, the digestive tract of all four could be seen to be working digesting food. It was quickly, it quickly became apparent that what they were digesting was their own flesh that they had ripped off and eaten over the course of days. Most of the soldiers were Russian special operatives at the facility, but still many refused to return to the chamber to remove the test subjects. They continued to scream to be left in the chamber

and alternately begged and demanded that the gas be turned back on, less they fall asleep. To everyone's surprise, the test subjects put up a fierce fight in the process of being removed from the chamber. One of the Russian soldiers died from having his throat ripped out. Another was gravely injured by having his testicles ripped off and an artery in his leg severed by one of the subject's teeth.

I'm guessing that guy may have a wish to, he also died. Another five of the soldiers lost their lives. If you count the ones that committed suicide in the weeks following the incident, doesn't say, but I wonder if Tesco dude, one of those suicides in the struggle. One of the four living subjects had his spleen ruptured and he bled out almost immediately. The medical researchers attempted to sedate him with his proved impossible. He was injected with more than 10 times the human dose of morphine and still fought like a cornered animal breaking the ribs in an arm of one doctor when a heart was seen to beat for a

full two minutes after he had blood out to the point there was no more air in his vascular system than blood. Even after it stopped, he continued to scream and flail for another three minutes, struggling to attack anyone and reach and just repeating the word more, more, more, more, over and over, weaker and weaker until he finally feels silent. Now if this really happened, as an evil scientist, I feel like you got to be kind of thrilled at this point, as an evil scientist. I mean, your test patients, you know, they've lost their shit after, you know, 10 days,

two weeks, but that's not ideal. But they also become super aggressive and very hard to kill. They've got some kind of fucking monkey strength where they can rip people's nuts off You know, you got to think with a little bit of tweaking you can create some sort of super soldier some some gas that turns on like someone's berserker mode The report then continues the surviving three test subjects were heavily restrained and moved to a medical facility the two with intact vocal cords Continuously begging for the, demanding to be kept awake.

The most injured of the three was taken to the only surgical operating room that the facility had. In the process of preparing the subject to have his organs placed back within his body, it was found that he was effectively immune to the sedative. They had given him to prepare him for the surgery. He fought furiously against his restraints. When the anesthetic gas was brought out to put him under. He managed to tear most of the way through a four inch wide leather strap on one wrist, even though the weight of a 200 pound soldier holding was holding that wrist as well. See, fucking berserker mode.

He took only a little more anesthetic than normal to put him under the, and then the instant his eyelids fluttered and closed, his heart stopped. In the autopsy of the test subject, the diet on the operating table, who's found that his blood had tripled the normal level of oxygen. Man, he's got some of that, some of that Lance Armstrong blood flowing through his veins. His muscles that were still attached to his skeleton were badly torn and he had broken nine bones in the struggle to not be subdued. Most of them were from the force, his own muscles had exerted on them.

And that's you. That's a, again, evil scientist. It's gotta be thrilled. Man, this dude's gonna take a couple shots. He can keep on running. I know it's fucked up, but you know, if I'm that scientist, that's what I'm going for. No sleep needed monster strength. The ability to ignore insane injuries. I deal to have all of that, you know, maybe minus the feces smearing, maybe fucking tone tweaked down, tone down the feces smear it. Tone down the sane of creepy stuff like we only want to be freed. But you know, this is the beta test. This is the beta test.

I can smooth that stuff out there. The second survivor had been the first of the group of five to start screaming. His vocal cords destroyed. He was unable to beg her objective surgery and he only reacted by shaking his head Finally and disapproval when the anesthetic gas was brought near him He shook his head. Yes when someone suggested reluctantly They tried the surgery without an aesthetic and did not react for the entire six-hour procedure of replacing his abdominal organs and attempting to cover them with the what remained of his skin six hours The surgeon presiding stated repeatedly that it shouldn't be medically possible for the

patient to still be alive. One terrified nurse, a sitting surgery, stated that she had seen the patient's mouth curl into a smile several times whenever his eyes met her. Ha! Still got it! He's still got it! He ain't gonna let a little internal organ loss, little skin loss, keep him from hitting on a sexy nurse.

Just mind a flush wound. If he could get her number while having his stomach put back into his insights during an hour's long surgery when he doesn't have anesthetic, while his vocal cords, vocal cords are just completely shot. While he hasn't slept in what over two weeks, maybe just ate a little bit of another test subject, fucking players, hall of fame. That guy has serious game. That guy could, I don't know, conduct clinics for the rest of his life.

What, probably not going to live though. When the surgery ended, the subject looked at the surgeon and began to wheeze loudly, attempting to talk while struggling, assuming this could be, assuming this must be some, something of drastic importance to the surgeon, the surgeon had a pen and a pad fetched so the patient could write his message. And then the patient wrote it and it was simple, said, keep cutting. And again, I don't know this, you know,

I'm not gonna say this is true or not so far, but if that was true, can you imagine getting that message like you've been cutting on somebody for six hours and they're like, you know, wrap it up and they're trying to communicate. And the message is just keep cutting. That's the creepiest shit ever. Just keep cutting. No, no, no, no, we're all good. We're all good.

Surgery is complete. You can go now. We're gonna just take you to the post-operating room. I know what I said, keep cutting. No, no, we're good. We're good all sewn up. Good is to hurt me, daddy. Hurt me so good. The other two test subjects were given the same surgery, both without anesthetic as well, although they had to be injected with the paralytic for the duration of

the operation, the surgeon found it impossible to perform the operation while the patients laughed continuously. One paralyzed, once paralyzed, the subjects could only follow the attending researchers with their eyes, the paralytic cleared their system in an abnormally short period of time and they were soon trying to escape their bonds. The moment they could speak, they were again asking for more stimulant gas. The researchers tried asking why they had injured themselves, why had they ripped out their own guts?

Why do they want to be given gas again? And only one response was given, I must remain awake. And again, if I'm an evil scientist, fucking huge science boner right now, right? I mean, you know, you gotta like, they're taking the experiments seriously, you gotta like how they're able to survive

that much trauma. All three subjects restraints were reinforced, they were placed back into the chamber, awaiting determination as to what should be done with them. The researchers facing the wrath of their military benefactors for having failed to state of goals that their project considered, or excuse me considered, euthanizing the surviving subjects, the commanding officer and ex KGB officer instead saw potential and wanted to see what would happen if they were put back on the gas

the researcher strongly objective but were overruled in preparation for being sealed in the chamber again the subject were connected to an eeg monitor and had the restraints padded for long-term confinement to everyone's surprise all three stop struggling the moment it was let slip that they were going back on the gas it was obvious that at this point all three were putting up a great struggle just to stay awake one of the subjects that could speak was humming loudly and continuously. The mute subject was straining his legs against the leather bonds with all the smite first left and right and left again for something to focus on. The remaining subject was holding his head off his pillow and blinking rapidly.

Having been the first to be wired for EEG, most of the researchers were monitoring his brainwaves in surprise. They were normal most of the time, but sometimes flatlined inexplicably. It looked as if he were repeatedly suffering brain death before then returning to normal. As they focused on papers going out of the brainwave monitor, only one nurse saw his eyes slip shut at the same moment his head at the pillow. His brainwaves immediately changed to that of deep sleep. Flatline for the last time his heart simultaneously stopped. The only remaining subject that could speak started screaming to be sealed and sealed in

the chamber now. His brainwaves showed the same flat lines as one who had just died from falling asleep. The commander gave the order to seal the chamber with both subjects inside as well as three researchers. One of the named three immediately drew his gun and shot the commander, point blank between the eyes and turned the gun on the mute subject and blew his brains out as well. He pointed the gun at the remaining subject, still restrained to a bet as the remaining members of the medical and research team fled the room, saying, I won't be locked in here with these

things, not with you. He screamed at the man strapped at the table, what are you? He demands I must know. And then the subject smiled and said, have you forgotten so easily? We are you. We are the madness that looks within you all, begging to be free at every moment in your deepest animal mind. We are what you hide from in your beds every night. We are what you sedate into silence and paralysis when you go into the nocturnal haven where we cannot tread. So nearly free is what this subject kind of squeaked out is as heart finally failed.

What? This should even happen. This story at least even partially true. I'm gonna let you know, I'm gonna let you know right after I find out what the idiots of the internet believe about this subject. And I'm gonna check in with the editor of the internet right after I mention our following sponsor.

Time suck today is brought to you by the great courses plus with the great courses plus you can continue learning about all the fun things we talk about here that you're still curious about. Watch and listen to award winning experts as they explore fascinating people, places and ideas just like we do here on time suck with unlimited access to thousands of lectures, thousands, not tens, not hundreds, thousands. There's always something new to explore, so much content.

I recommend right now their course on the Black Death in the 14th century, the plague killed 75 million people. Over the course of 10 years, devastating villages and cities alike, smashing social and economic hierarchies into smithereens, leaving its survivors in a world completely transformed. Professor Dorsey Armstrong, PhD, she puts on a hell of a presentation on this subject that I hope we suck sooner or later on this show. Didn't know that the plague started in Asia before it reached Europe before the series.

I enjoyed lecture four, the Black Deaths, ports of entry. I learned in this just 31 minute lecture that the plague moved into Europe via modern day Italy, which was a collection of various city states when the plague hit, not a unified country. And in 1266, some Genoese merchants from the Italian peninsula had established trade with other merchants in Kaffa on the Kramian peninsula in the Black Sea. And in 1346, the Mongols laid siege to the city of Kafa and tried to take it. But the plague stepped in and stopped their efforts.

Instead of giving up the Mongols engaged in some of the most insane biological warfare, if not the most insane I've ever read about. They used these trebuchets, these catapults to launch plague infected corpses over the walls of the city inside, you know, to infect the city inside behind the walls, and this was Europe's first contact with the plague. And then when the siege continued, some genuines, merchants, they high-tailed it out, the city still under attack, they make it back to the Italian peninsula, but get very sick along the way, not knowing they're infected with the plague.

And they lived just long enough to make it back to Genoa and begin the mass infection of all of Europe. Are you intrigued? You want to learn more? Well, the Great Courses Plus is giving time suckers a fantastic limited time offer. Get your first month free plus receive the second month for only 99 cents. That's unlimited access to enjoy their huge library of engaging lectures for two full months for under a buck. Only at the Great Courses Plus dot com slash time suck. The special offer is only available for limited time so you must sign up through the GreatCoursesPlus.com

slash time suck within the next few weeks. That's the GreatCoursesPlus.com slash time suck to get the first month free and the second month for just 99 cents. Do it, get smart time suckers, link in the episode description, and now let's get done. Let's visit today's idiots of the internet You hear that do you hear that little button mistake you guys by fixed it? It started to go into the times of time. I'm like oh, no, no wait. I'm so used to hitting that right now. Not today There is no timeline today.

I caught it. I caught it. I was like one second mistake. Okay, all of today's comments come from a video published by YouTube channel Top Fives on October 6th, 2015. Over 5.6 million views. It's titled The Russian Sleep Experiment, the Most Terrifying Experiment Ever Performed Question Mark. And in recounting the most terrifying experiment ever performed question mark.

And in recounting the details, we've just went over. And right away, we get a captain obvious post, which I love, I always love these. Ezra can, can, can, can dig again. It's fucking crazy ass last name. Right, when you do an experiment like this, the human will turn crazy. Mm-hmm.

Hey guys, hey, hey guys, did you know when you perform a horrible experiment of not letting human sleep and then giving him a crazy stimulus gas day after day and, you know, keeping him captive in a little tiny room, did you know at some point they might get crazy? Uh, yeah. Yeah, we all knew that. Everyone who knows anything knows that.

Thank you Ezra. Thank you for sharing that. User Faden is not having this video. He knows his fake. In fact, he knows. He knows. He also knows so much about sleep deprivation. He does. He writes, this bullshit, I've been awake for five days. I felt no strangers other than feeling a little odd,

which kind of is strange. Thanks felt a little surreal. Like, he actually write cereal, but I think you might have cereal, like a living dream, but nothing odd happened. And there are some people who can't sleep. They haven't slept in years. And although they are ill, they don't turn into demonic looking freaks. People haven't slept in years, Faden? No, there are people who haven't slept much in years, but they have in fact slept all of them, every fucking one

of them. Do you not understand the concept of hyperbole, extreme exaggeration? I mean, do you just think that everyone means everything they say literally? Like, do you think that some people are actually hungry enough to eat an entire fucking horse? Do you think some people are dying because they're literally being talked to death? Do you think that's how some people die? You can just talk into death? Do you think some people are actually older than dirt? Guess maybe you do. You're aiding huddles and cracks me up.

Which is something that I think is really clever posting, this is why Russia can't have nice things. Yeah, come on, Russia. You wanna have nice shit? Stop turning people into sleep zombies. Stop making them eat themselves. That's why you can't have nice things. I actually was just reminded by a Russian listener

who I can't find the email now. But he said he lives near bits of park or bits of park in Moscow. We talked about Alexander Pashushkin, you know. And he said that things are still crazy in Moscow, but not as crazy. So Russia getting some nice things now. I am aware of that. User Alex Hansen posted a joke that appears in almost every,

every dark comment thread on YouTube. And it makes me laugh every time because I am childish. And in the comments, he just writes, finally, some good fat material. Ah, only but a goodie, Alex. Only but a goodie. Dark, ah, dark. User trace B post, ha ha ha.

They guy had his balls ripped off. What a looser. What a looser? What a loser. What a loser? What a loser? That just cracks me up when people are trying to make fun of somebody and then just like misspell their insults. Duckroot, dipshit. Ha, you're doer than a pool of ricks.

Ha, ha, ha. User, aka big poppy posts. Now these are Russians, all caps that did this and all caps Trump is well connected with them. Imagine y'all prepare is all I can say. A big poppy, I can scare when I imagine a world where you are the norm. A world where the craziest of dots are connected by the majority of the population. Prepare everyone, prepare for Trump, put in every American man, woman, child, and sleep depravation zombie guest chamber.

You know what's coming. You seen a video about an alleged Russian experiment that might not be true. And you have heard that Trump may have collided with the Russians. Therefore, in other Other words moreover Trump wants us all to be creepy cannibal zombies. Can you now say the truth? I can't I can't I can't see it. I can't see it User Metro Bradzie doesn't believe the Russian sleep experiment is true for a second posting this complete bullshit, bro Someone who doesn't get sleep gets super human strength. I love it. I love when they add bra and the fucking bra is bullshit. It's bullshit,

bro. But then, but then user, uh, Ayashi Knightcore reminds Metro Bradzie that the Russian sleep experiment is not complete bullshit, but in fact, very possible by tossing out some highly questionable facts. Saying, uh, there's a theory that we only use less than 60% of our full strength. This is because using 100% would literally shatter your arms as if they are nothing but glass. By theory, do you mean some shit you just made up? What are you talking about shattering your arms like glass?

You know how fucking body works? You know, like if people fall off buildings, they don't shatter like glass when they hit the ground, right? They might splatter, make it smushed, they don't fucking shatter. Why? Because we're not made of glass, we're made of tissue.

To be fair, bones can shatter if they're hit like at an insane velocity, like at the impact, like where a bullet goes in, they can shatter at the site of the entry-roamed, but not the whole body. And if you ever watch a weightlifting competition where people actually do over exert themselves, that muscles and ligaments will snap

before bones can shatter. That's gross, that's plenty gross enough. Joe complex geometric shapes Rogan worries that apparently some illuminati type group is keeping us from attaining you know that arm shattering strength posting maybe sleep was something to suppress true human power. Maybe we are tricked into thinking we needed I just picture him fucking post this like I picture his computer surrounded by the most the like the most fucking crystals you've ever seen in your life. Like he is just in a room of just not just crystals, him and the computer, because he's trying to like break out of the, the chains that we've been put in, you know, the chains of sleep. Who's doing it? Joe? Fucking lizards? Did it illuminati? Have they managed a trick literary all of us for the entirety of human history into sleeping when we don't even need to shut the fuck up?

User doves post some vague nonsense that really cracked me up saying there was a guy somewhere I just left how vague this is There was a guy somewhere around India or somewhat country who didn't sleep since eight or 13 years old I guess until the age of 57 or older, he was real. What are you talking about? I love around India or somewhat other country, eight or 13, 57 or older, maybe. Can you imagine that guy telling a joke? Polish person or priest walking to a bar or maybe a Russian or like a police officer

or some other type of person or not even, you know, like a, maybe like a non-person and they walk into a bar or somewhat other place. And this happens like two or 27 years ago. Anyway, these guys order 13 or more or less drinks and maybe some other stuff or maybe they didn't order. They might not even be there and hey wait Well once I'm talking about again. Wait, hey, where's everyone going? I was just getting to the good part right I tell that joke or Someone other jokes or maybe some serious stuff User madden lover hate or g post a very strange religious testimonial writing when I was 19 I kept myself awake for almost seven days.

I didn't have a gasp little chamber and I was free to sleep at any time I wanted. But thanks to three bell ringing alarms going off every 15 minutes with a 15 minute snooze timer and my hard metal music I had help staying awake than all caps. Do not ever try this! I did it because when I was younger, I enjoyed pushing my limits and conducting experiments on myself to see what my mind and body could take. The reason why I finally made myself go sleep was because I started to see things, things that no one should be able to see or whatever want to see for that matter. I spent the next 14 years of my life doing incredibly stupid things like this because I was obsessed with trying to disprove God through any means possible, only to become a man of

God at the age of 36. We have a lens over our eyes. This lens keeps you from seeing things you would never want to. Through extreme sleep deprivation, you can weaken the lens. I truly believe because these people were not able to sleep. They became possessed and were too terrified of the things they were experiencing to be able to allow themselves to sleep again.

But anyways, for the only important part of this story, Jesus loves you all no matter what you've done, to yourself or to others. Wow, man, you could just post those last two senses and save just a bunch of bullshit. If you're a man of God, aren't you supposed to not be a fucking liar? None of that shit happened.

None of that shit happened. You didn't have a weird experiment. You weren't playing fucking metal to keep yourselves away. Keep yourself awake for over seven days. You didn't see some shit that people aren't supposed to see. Like some weird illusion to like some demons and stuff. You are a fucking liar. The people aren't supposed to see some weird illusion to like some demons and stuff. You are a fucking liar.

Ah, people. Ask Pro TM post a message explaining the different effect sleep deprivation has on those who are imprisoned versus those who are not imprisoned. I think it's actually very, very hard to determine exactly what in the hell ask Pro TM is talking about. They post people have to remember, they were locked in closed quarters. So yes, the body will act differently

in regards to pain while awake for too long. The mind also hallucinates. So they go crazy. Remember that people who aren't locked up and forced to stay awake, they do stay awake, are surrounded by people and are mentally occupied to stay awake. Naturally, the body would yes,

shut itself down to sleep. I've read this probably 10 times and I still don't fully understand what the hell he's trying to talk about. How terrible, how terrible it be if this was your college professor. Okay, last review before our test on stress transformations with beams, columns, and cellular solids.

Remember, beams,, columns, and cellular solids. Remember, beams, and columns, and solids will act differently in regards to stress to beams and columns, and cell solids. So yes, remember, the beams will react differently to columns if stress is applied, or not applied inside or outside of the beam. Naturally, if you remember the beams, columns, and solids, all behave accordingly, shut themselves down with stress, or do not. Any questions about questions, and or beams, stress, or about remember, I am having a nervous breakdown.

Finally, NXFX posts, moral of the story. If you don't sleep, you'll eat yourself. Love it. I love it. I love it. No, if I, some clever dark humor to write out on, go to bad kids, go to bad, or you're gonna fucking eat your insides. Now get some sleep.

And that's all for today's idiots of the internet. How's my favorite is the internet in a while. And I hit the button right second time, so that's sweet. So much silliness. Now, is the Russian sleep experiment real? No, I bet I'm guessing most of you do that. Most certainly it's not. Like Slender Man, the Russian sleep experiment

was invented on the web. This time on Creepypasta. Creepypasta is a site for paranormal creatures and folklore and fans who love them. Fans can write in about their favorite creature and have their work reviewed by their fans, you know, have more stories added. It's become like a modern folklore incubator.

On June 10th, 2009, some random dude from Chicago named Eric Nudson submitted some pictures to an online Photoshop competition to see who could create the best mythological monster on a website called something awful. And he gave birth to Slenderman. And then shortly after that, users on Creepypasta started to quickly build the mythology of that new monster with new alleged Slenderman's sightings and stories.

Well the Russian sleep experiment can be traced back directly to Creepypasta, born and raised there. All started with the Creepypasta, Wic Wikipedia page entry on August 10, 2010, barely a year after Slenderman, the user who posted it goes by the handle Orange Soda, but the author's real name has never been discovered. And ever since, a lot of people on the web have chosen to believe this story is either real or at least based on a real story, despite the fact that it clearly originated on an online forum thread devoted to seeing who could drum up the best urban legend. Slenderman and the Russian sleep experiment, two stories created an online forum thread devoted to seeing who could drum up the best urban legend. Slenderman and the Russian sleep experiment, two stories created in online horror fiction

competitions, two stories, scaring the shit out of thousands who still believe them to be real. Well, I think it's pretty easy to tell that Slenderman is totally fake, like a clearly made up monster, unless you're like 13 or younger, or have the mentality of someone who's 13 or younger, I do think it's harder to tell what the Russian sleep experiment as outrageous as it is. Because the Russian sleep experiment does benefit from historical context. Like it's a very extreme story,

but a lot of extreme human experimentation, for sure was going on. Excuse me, in the 1940s and around the world, in a way, while parts of the story get a little far-fetched, people turn out they're inside a bit much. Again, I can't see how people could think this happened, but could it actually even have happened? Is it even like physically possible? Is the story possible at all? I'm gonna say no, although I'm not a doctor or an expert in surviving a massive trauma, it just feels very highly unlikely to me. No human experiments of this

type, you know, the type described in this urban legend have ever been conducted that we know of. The closest scientifically documented sleep experiment is the one I spoke of earlier involving that high school or Randy Gardner. And again, he made it 11 days, suffered no long-lasting ill effects, a little bit of paranoia, mild hallucinations, memory problems, you know, all of it fixed by two nights of good sleep when the experiment was over. There was also, although very little is written about it, the case of Marine Weston of Peterborough,

a Camberchire England who in April 1977, allegedly endured 449 hours, over 18 and a half days of continual sleep deprivation in a rocking chair marathon. Okay, but nothing's, you know, obviously written about her ripping open her own abdomen, eating her own flesh, talking about, you know, seeing creepy shit in the darkness. And there's nothing in the realm of historical human study or medical sciences suggest there is some sort of chemical that can allow you to not sleep just for a week after a week after

a week and also survive massive blood loss and feel no pain and be able to remove most of your organs and, you know, still survive for hours of days afterwards. You know, without medical intervention after you hurt yourself, there's no record of someone surviving something like that. But with some new drug, some, you know, some powerful stimuli could it even ever happen? I'm guessing the medical community would give me a resounding no. But again, I can get how it it could seem like it could happen like if someone could invent the right drug I get how you could feel like that it might be able to happen. Well before I dig

Into a little experiment we're gonna do today that I'm very excited about we're gonna play a little game I feel like I should talk about what is normal when it comes to sleep. We know You know and all and all likelihood it's not physically possible to go a month without sleep, but how much sleep are we actually supposed to get? I thought this was kind of cool. Today, according to sleep studies, the average young adult report sleeping about seven to seven and a half hours each night,

quite a bit less than we used to. Back in 2010, before the electric light bulb, the average person would sleep nine hours on average at night, about close to two hours more than people average now. Three sleepers actually spent a summer, and that's the way back in 1910. Three sleepers, three sleep researchers spent a summer. Why is that sense hard for me to get out? Above the Arctic Circle, where there is continuous light, 24 hours a day, and 1995, to study natural

sleep habits and try to find out what our ideal amount of sleep is, like when there's no cues. All watches, clocks, timekeeping devices were removed. Only the stations, computers tracked the times that the team went to sleep and awakened. The researchers chose when to sleep or wake according to their own natural body time. At the end of the experiment,

they found that their overall average sleep daily time was 10.3 hours. Every member of the team showed an increase in sleep time with the shortest logging in 8.8 hours a day, the longest, almost 12 hours a day. And this study, like many other seems to suggest that our biological need for sleep might be closer to 10 hours per day,

typical of monkeys and apes, as opposed to seven to seven and a half hours, typical of humans today in our in our high tech Clock driven go-go lifestyle. That's why it blows me away when I read about Tesla and the Tesla suck like four hours A sleep. I mean, I know he went finally went crazy in old age But I mean he made it a long time supposed to get like four hours of sleep a night. I feel like I man I would love getting nine hours of sleep a night my god Actually, this is almost this is a little embarrassing for me to admit,

but I do follow JLo on Instagram. Okay, don't fucking judge too hard. And there was some posts recently, I think, or maybe it was a news story that popped up about her, because she's turning 50, and she looks fucking phenomenal. Like how the hell are you,

not that 50's usually looks bad, but I mean, she looks great for 25 So she does looks great for any age and she said a sleep was like the main ingredient in her looking to just getting plenty of sleep Must be nice must be nice Also studies Showed that people who don't get at least seven to seven and a half hours sleep are not as efficient as those who do which makes sense to me I've been getting like you haven't been getting eight hours lately, and I do feel like a different person

than I was for this past year when I wasn't getting much sleep. Like I'll always admit, I haven't murdered anybody in, I don't know, weeks, not even one person, not even one person. No, among the most common consequence of a large sleep debt are attentional lapses, reduced short-term memory capacity, impaired judgment, and the occurrence of micro-sleeps. Now, micro-sleep is a short period of time, usually between 10 seconds to a minute and length,

where the brain actually enters a sleep state, regardless of what the person is doing at a time. It's like where you can kind of like, look awake somewhat, but actually be asleep. Now, you ever done that when driving? I have, and it's fucking terrifying. Not in many years. I remember one summer in high school

was working full time. I was trying to sneak in these and I tacked one doe lessons before work, and I'm hanging out at night with friends, and I got so tired. I remember just like, popping awake in the middle of driving off the road. Not fun.

Not fun. Don't do that. Figure out a way to get some sleep in your life. That's happening to you. Not worth going to prison for vehicular manslaughter. The effect of an individual often doesn't even know what a momentary blackout has occurred when this happens. These micro-sleeves combined with the tenitional lapses are thought to be to blame for the oil spill

of Exxon Valdez years ago, the nuclear accidents at Chernobyl, three mile island, the loss of the space shuttle challenger might have been the result of some micro-sleeve. So get your sleep before you fuck up and kill somebody's a message. Also when sleep deprivation becomes greater enough to affect mimic those of psychosis. A man named Peter Tripp who endured a 200 hour sleepless marathon over eight sleepless days to raise money for the March of Dimes became increasingly distorted and there were

market periods of irrationality. By the end of four days, he could not successfully execute simple math tests. In addition, he began to have hallucinations, distorted visual perceptions. At one point, Tripp became quite upset when he thought that spots on the table were insects. He thought there were spiders crawling around the booth and he was once complained that they had spun cobwebs

on his shoes on his last day. A neurologist was called to examine Tripp before sending him home. When Tripp looked up at his doctor and his dark old-fashioned suit, he had the delusion that the doctor was an undertaker who was trying to take him and bury him alive. Overtaking with fear, he let loose a scream and then bolted for the door. Half dressed, he ran down the hall with doctors and psychologists chased him. Oh my god, it'd be so funny to watch.

He could no longer distinguish the difference between reality and nightmare. So, you know, he didn't, he didn't handle it as well as Randy Gardner. Sometimes you know, you lose your shit. But, again, not even he lost it to the point that you're ripping out your insights. So now that you know about the sleep experiment, let's beef up your expertise regarding how a tail like the Russian sleep experiment could go viral and be thought to be real. Researchers have study tales like this, like this in the Sunderman tale, and they think they figured out like the key ingredients that are necessary to make a horror tale,

uh, kind of go viral and take over the web. Sarah McGuire, content editor at Vennage, or Venge, Venge, I don't know why I said that first thing, Venge, website that creates infographics for clients, uh, shared a visual report at detailing exactly what it takes for a horror story to go viral. She read and analyzed samples of 72 of the top creepyposters across the web. She then identified the seven most common ingredients used in top stories. In order for most to least common, they are number one unexplained phenomenon. This is 71% of the stories had this in aspect of this at least.

Her report found that humans are most thrilled by the unknown, things that we will never understand. The story needs to evolve a strange occurrence, or a creature whose origins are unknown, but has a lasting impact on our psyche. Number two, first person narrative. 68% of the stories had this. The report argues that if a story is told as a personal account, there's always the possibility that it might be true. Even if you know that realistically it couldn't be. The Russian sleep experiment was actually the only story out of the top 10 that wasn't

told in a first person voice. And that makes total sense to me, man, if someone's telling you something they saw, even if they have no proof, I mean, you're just left with, you know, determined like, are they a liar? Or are they telling the truth? And if you don't think that they're lying, you know, even though you haven't seen something like that for yourself, you can choose, I guess, to believe that they saw what they claimed to have seen. A lot of people do this, man. I mean, really, if you think about it, all of religion is based on choosing to believe the first hand accounts of other people who claim to have seen or experienced this or that.

First person narratives are the main source by far of all paranormal accounts, the best horror movies ever made. Based on someone claiming to have seen this horrific thing or have this horrific thing happen to them. You know, something that there's no scientific evidence of. Number three, monsters and supernatural beings, 61%. The success of the Russian sleep experiment is attributed to the fact that these monsters actually come from a real human place,

which makes them seem more plausible. This also explains the popularity of Slender Man. Number four cliffhangers, 53%. This is common of horror movies, or just, you know, book chapters and TV shows. Like you leave the reader reviewer with a chill and keep the mystery alive. The report notes this is especially effective in cases

where the reader is left to question whether something similar could happen to them. Murder is number five at 46%. Goes without saying that most people are afraid of murder Yeah, which is why it's a plot device and almost half of these stories number six creepy images 24% This is we said earlier as how slender man originally began the result of a Photoshop contest Users on a former asset digitally alter an ordinary photo to take a to turn it into a creepy internet legend So you know, and that can be hard to shake. You know, this is the whole scene is believing phenomenon.

And the number seven is creepy video, 6%. The rarest of the ingredients, only two creepy fossil stories originally used a video according to McGuire. She notes that most of the time videos are created by fans of a viral story after it's already become famous. Most times they start off with pictures, which also makes total sense to me because easier to fake a photo than it is to fake a video. Unless you have access to top notch CGI kind of software and the talent of someone getting

hired by a major motion picture studio. And that person who does have that kind of talent in time probably is not making creepy passes. McGuire's report found the stories which used four of these ingredients, more, no less, gave a story the best chance at going viral. The Russian sleep experiment, the most viral creepypasta story in the web, with a total of 64,000 shares, a little over, as a her report used the four ingredients of an unexplained phenomena, murder, monsters, and a series of creepy images of poor black and white quality to suggest they authentically match the time period.

So that's that. So if you want something to go viral, somewhere where it says those are the ingredients you use. And here are some basic other rules to follow. Tell the personal anecdote when possible. It will make you seem more relatable to the reader. It can be used in virtually every writing context to add color to a story, get your Photoshop on,

obscure creepy images that aren't quite bad, or too polished enough to read false tend to work really well. Slender Man is an example. And finally, leave readers wanting more cliffhangers or deliberately frustrating. You know, you want to satisfy them and you want to conclusion. And instead, you just left with questions. Readers are more likely to share these type of stories because they want other people to come up with the answers they want, you know. So, uh, so there, so now you you're a little bit of an expert. And what it takes to create fake horror. So now let's play a game. Would you like to play a game?

Let's see if you can differentiate the utterly outrageous from the ridiculous but true. I'm going to tell you four tales. Two are totally real. One is online folklore I found that someone else made up, purported to be true, obviously fake. And another is a tale I just made up today, using some of the elements of how to create a good old horror tale that we just went over. So again, two true stories, one made up from the web, one I made up, try to guess which is which. I'm excited about this. I haven't done something like this in an episode before. You can use my horse shit, right? You should be able to detect my lies. Let's find out if you can. Right after we hear a word from today's final sponsor.

Time's up today is brought to you once again by Woody's Paranormal Rape repellent. Hi guys, it's me again Woody! You're a friendly public paranormal investigator. You're dummy demonologist. You've been hearing about a lot of spooky stuff today and the more dark tales you listen to, the greater the chances that a demon or some other naughty ghost has got to start hot in your home. And once they get to hot and it's only a matter of time before they poke around your bottom or maybe your front bottom.

So please buy candy on my paranormal rape repellent by today and I'll throw in a free demon detector night light. If it ever turns off, you'll know one of four things has happened. The batteries are dead, the bulb has burned out, the power is down, or you got a dangerous demon in your room and you might not make it through the night. Time to start praying and spreading, weeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE Anywhere in a short amount of time is good. It's vision care for the 21st century. The simple contacts vision test is self-guided and takes less than five minutes. It is in a replacement for your periodic full-eye exam, full-eye, you know, health exam, but it will save you so much time when you need to renew and reorder. My favorite part of the simple contacts experience was saving money. The vision tests only 20 bucks, and their contact lens prices are unbeatable. And standard shipping is free. The vision tests only 20 bucks and their contact lens prices are unbeatable and standard

shipping is free. Wee! You can see the demons even better. Hey, Gary, what are you? Anyways, you get $20 off your contacts at simplecontacts.com slash time suck 20 or enter code time suck 20. Check out that simplecontacts.com slash time suck 20 or enter code time suck 20 at checkout to get 20 dollars off your contacts a link to this great deal to make it very easy in today's episode description take

care of those papers, crepers and save money while you're seeing this amazing world of ours a little more clearly. And now back to our game four stories two true one is made up web lore. One is a story. I just made up. Try and guess which is which. I'm gonna take a quick sip before we do it. Okay, all right. Got the pipes. Got the pipes a little bit lubricated. Let's get into it. Here's our first tale. Tell number one. Human kind has long sought proof of the existence of God. In 1903 a team of deeply pious religious scientists allegedly conducted a radical experiment in an undisclosed facility. The scientists had theorized that a human without access to any senses or ways to perceive stimuli would be able to perceive the presence of God. They believed that the five senses clouded our awareness of eternity, and without them,

a human could actually establish contact with God by thought. An elderly man who claimed to have nothing left to live for, quote unquote, was the only test subject to volunteer. Depurge him of all of his senses to sign his Perform a Complex Operation in which every sensory nerve connection to the brain was surgically severed. Although the test subject retained full muscular function, he could not see, hear, taste, smell, or feel, with no possible way to communicate with, or even sense the outside world, he was alone with his thoughts. How terrible is your life going when you

volunteer with this experiment? Like how sad are you? Hold on, I'm not gonna be able to see here, taste, smell, or feel anything again, ever. All right, I'm looking, whatever, let's do it. I don't like today's music. All I can usually smell is my own farts, and I don't like that. All I usually eat is food, it tastes like farts, and I don't like that either. All I see is a blank, while I stare out in between

my food and my farts, and all I see is a blank wire stare out in between my food and my farts and how it feels a deep sense of loneliness and occasional tear on my cheek. Yeah, not only for, let's do it. I have some words with God about how shit in my life has been. Science is monitored the test subjects as he spoke aloud about his state of mind and jumbled third sentences that he couldn't even hear. After four days, the man claimed to be hearing hushed, unintelligible voices in his head, assuming it was an onset of psychosis. The scientists paid little attention to the man's concerns. Two days later, the man cried that he could hear his dead wife speaking with him,

and even more, he could communicate back. The scientists were intrigued, but were not convinced until the subject started naming dead relatives of the scientists. He repeated personal information to the scientists that only their dead spouses and parents would have known. At this point, a sizable portion of scientists left a study. Now, I bet they did. I wish he would have said like what exactly,

like what information was shared, like what secrets was he bringing out as a scientist, you know, couldn't bear to listen to. Your older dead step sister says, she knows you got a boner when you watched her in the shower that one time when you guys went to not very farmed for vacation. All stayed in the same room and she thought you were with mom and left the door open and

your dead grandma says her spirit was in the room while it happened. And your grandma says another time she watched you cut a small hole into the back of a couch and after your parents would fall asleep you would put a small bag for lotion and then you would take off your boxes and you would stick it. That's enough. These guys are for shits. No, he's lying. This guy is making it up. He's pissed about not having senses. He's obvious lies. No, he says your first wife left after she looked into your internet browsing history found you had a secret subscription to cruelbitches.com where nude women kick and stomp and slam their asses down on naked man's penises and balls repeatedly injure in them. That's that's that's very quick. I've never done that. Hey, it's a total normal

fantasy. It's an accepted subcultures in the BDM world of a massive, his ex-sex slave. I shouldn't be ashamed of that. That's a real, that's a real website, by the way, if you want to have your day ruined, go, go, go, go to the wheelchair stack. Oh my God. After a week of conversing with the deceased through his thoughts, the subject became distressed, saying the voices were overwhelming. In every waking moment, his consciousness was bombarded by hundreds of voices that refused to leave him alone. He frequently threw himself against the wall, trying to elicit a pain response. He begged the scientists for sedatives so he could escape the voices by sleeping. This tactic worked for three days until he started

having severe night tears. The subject repeatedly communicated that he could see and hear the deceased in his dreams. Only a day later, the subject began to scream and claw at his non-functional eyes, hoping to sense something in the physical world. The hysterical subject now said the voices of the dead were deafening and hostile, speaking of hell and of the end of the world, at one point he yelled no heaven, no forgiveness for five hours straight. He continually begged to be killed, but the scientists were convinced that he was close to establishing contact with God.

After another day, the subject could no longer form coherent senses. Seemingly mad, he started to bite off chunks of flesh from his arm. The scientists rushed into the test chamber, restrained him to a table so he could not kill himself. After a few hours of being tied down, the subject halted his struggle and screaming. He stared blankly at the ceiling as tear drops silently straight across his face. For two weeks, the subject had to be manually rehydrated due to the constant crying.

Eventually, he turned his head and despite his blindness made focused eye contact with the scientists for the first time in the study, whispering, I have spoken with God, and he has abandoned us. And his vital signs stopped. There was no apparent cause of death. A follow-up study in 2000

included in San Francisco, California. Excuse me, conducted in San Francisco, California, points to this insane experiment being more possible than you might think. It states that a study of degenerative disease, which targets the motor function and cognitive decline, often leads to hallucinations of the deceased. The death of target itself and chemicals in the brain by this disease leads to a loss of smell among other senses, and the cause of death is unknown. Hallucinations, present in 39.8% of patients fall into three categories, a sensation of a presence,

like a person, a sideways passage, commonly of an animal or illusions. Presence in 25.5% of patients is formed, visual, Hallucinations, God dang it, they form visual hallucinations. And an auditory hallucinations present themselves at 9.7% of the people study. So how freaked out are you gonna be

if you find out that one's true? Are the other three stories gonna be equally insane? Yeah, probably, maybe more so. Time for story number two. In 1952, an hour southwest of Buenos Aires, on a remote farm on the seemingly never-ending planes of central Argentina, authorities found an abandoned medical facility hidden under a large barn in the middle of an over 500 acre farm, where former Nazi doctors, including

Dr. Joseph Mengele, had been continuing experiments on twins. Someone had tipped the doctors off and no arrests were made for there was no one to be found when the police arrived, But they did find evidence of horrifically evil experiments. Journal entries mentioned more experiments on twins. With one set of surgically conjoined twins living in full eight days after being attached from hip to shoulder, both of the twins having one of their arms being removed in order to attach their shoulder joints to one another. Blah! There were the preserved corpses of infants in formaldehydrous victims of electrocution,

starvation freezing, and amputations. And then after discovery, a second lower level to the basement, the police found one victim still barely alive when they arrived. A man determined later to be Javier Borges, only 23, the son of a local farmer who disappeared six months earlier, had survived the amputation and reattachment of all four of his limbs. Both arms and legs had been surgically removed and then reattached facing the wrong direction. While the sick operation had rendered both of his legs completely functionalist, his arms both had limited movement capability and he was able to somewhat drag himself along the

floor while lying on his back. Javier had gone completely insane from the pain. He was chronically in but was still able to scream for help when he heard the police. It was later determined that the procedures must have occurred about six weeks before finding him. My God. Can you imagine waking up from that kind of horrific experiment? Would you be glad on any level that you were still alive or would you just want to die at that point?

And the pain, every single movement would be agony. I found some pictures on a pretty shady face to the death type website where you can actually look at photos of journal entries about this as well, and it's very, very hard to look at. I do not recommend it. He looks beyond miserable, of course. What has even learned in that experiment? How do you justify that on any level other than just being an evil sadist?

Javier was rushed to hospital, hospital, Britannico and Buenos Aires, died on the operation table when surgeons tried to re-emputate his legs. One of it should become gangrenous after realizing what had been going out on out in the middle of the farm, the lead detective who trekked down and found his facility,

Ricardo Lama has began looking over missing persons reports and found a burial site in the farm and determined that at least 26 people had died at this facility. The death toll may be closer to 250. Many, many, many missing people disappeared between 1947 and 1952 and a 50 mile radius around the farm. How many Argentinians did those war criminals murder? Worst of all, despite Detective Lama searching for the doctors until he died in 1991 at the age of 83, none of the doctors were ever caught and there are rumors that they were able to construct a new medical research facility in Brazil where they may have carried on experiments until the late 1970s, Detective Lama's fervently believed in a second facility. He said once in an interview about his pursuit, evil does not retire.

Evil continues unless this stronger good is able to stop it. Dr. Mengele would live until 1979 when he died a free man in São Paulo, Brazil. So did this happen? Did Nazi scientists really do that to some poor bastard in South America? After World War II, definitely a little far-fetched. Crazy that they could escape and make it to South America. Crazy that they would be right back to South America crazy to do it right back right right back to work being monsters and Yeah, story number three

Let me tell you about Cropsey. Let's talk about Cropsey the New York City borough of Staten Island was once home to the real-life monster Known as Cropsey and who's Cropsey Cropsey is the creature that lurks at the end of your block Shadowly figured that prowls the edge of the playground Cropsey was Staten Island's personal boogie man, gaining national attention in 2009 with a documentary, Cropsy. This film outlines the origins of the Cropsy legend, where according to Lord and insane man with a hook for a hand terrorized neighborhood boys and girls, dragging them into the crumbling ruins of Staten Island's abandoned, C-VU hospital. Parents used a tale to spook their little ones at night, go to bed, or Cropsy will get you. But as the documentary points out, Cropsey is based on someone who is all

too real. He may not have had a hook for a hand. But in the 1970s, local drifter named Andre Rand allegedly began attacking the children of Staten Island. Rand, born Frank Russian, worked as a janitor at the Willowbrook Strait School, an institution for mentally disabled children not far from the ruins of Seaview mental hospital. During his four years of operation, Willowbrook repeatedly came under fire from the mistreatment of its students, a young heraldor Rivera revealed the institution's hard conditions to the public in a 1972 exposé. By 1987, the school was shuttered for good, and at that point, the real crops he was also

unleashed. André Rand left Willowbrook, but many believe in his, who believe in his guilt also believe his time at this notorious facility, you know, where he saw all this abuse led to his own alleged crimes against children. The first youth to go missing in the string of disappearances was five-year-old Alicia Parara, vanish 1972 if you're playing with your brother. Second was seven-year-old Holly Ann Hughes, spotted with Rand in the day of her disappearance in 1981. The third was 11-year-old, Tais Jackson disappeared in 1983.

The fourth Hank Euphario, 22-year-old with a low IQ, lasting with Rand in the diner in 1984. The bodies of these victims never recovered all added to the lore of Cropsey. Final child to go missing was Jennifer Swiger in the summer of 1987, a 12 year old with Down syndrome Jennifer told her parents,

she was going for a walk but never returned. Massive serp party commences, neighbors comb the MP lots and wooded parks of Staten Island. At this time, you know, the real life Cropsy is living in a series of makeshift campsites near as old stomping grounds, Willowbrook State School has been living out in the woods

for years and years and years. While searching for Jennifer near the shuttered school ofok State School has been living out in the woods for years and years and years. While searching for Jennifer near the shuttered school of firefighter, Uncover's a small foot in the earth ultimately gives way to Jennifer's body buried in the shallow grave and then Rand's camp is discovered shortly thereafter. An authorities quickly arrest and charge this strange man with murder. In the court of public opinion, the case is open and shut. Rand was an ex-con with the record of crimes against kids.

In 1969, he was arrested in the South Bronx for attempting to rape a young girl. In 1983, while working for a Staten Island school bus company, he kidnapped 11 kids, brought them lunch, and then drove them to New Jersey's Newark International Airport for no apparent reason. Well, I had to let in some fucking weird dude in the woods drive a school bus. Very little concrete evidence that actually linked ran to the actual murder of Jennifer Swiger. In 1988, he was ultimately convicted of kidnapping.

In the first degree in Sends to 25 years in prison, the jury was unable to reach a verdict on the murder charge, and so it fell through. But then in 2004, it's just four years shy becoming eligible for parole. Rand was put on trial again this time for the 23 year old case of Holly Ann Hughes, the second child to go missing, the one who disappeared in 1981, prosecutors presented new evidence and ran was convicted of kidnapping, the little girl and sent to another 25 years. And the rest of the cases remain unsolved. So how creepy is that, man?

Some murdering pedophile is living on the woods and they're in a band and say hospital, kidnapping, rape, and killing kids who wanted too far from home. Crops, he was exactly the kind of person I worried about when I used to play in the woods as a kid, man. Wondered too far from home, you know, where no one can hear you scream and then some fucking hillbilly creep tracks you down, like you're starting some kind of West Craven movie. So is that real? Is that real? Is that something I made up? Something I found that was made up? Time for the last story. Let's talk about the testicular transplants of Dr. Leo Stanley. That's right. Ball transplants,

nut swaps. This didn't happen recently. It happened a hundred years ago when doctors were way worse at doctoring. Whiskey, loud no, cha. Start in 1913, last and all the way until 1951, Dr. Leo Stanley was Stan Quinten's chief of surgery. Stan Quinten, infamous part of California State Prison System, located just north of San Francisco. It's the oldest prison in California, having first opened in 1852. And Dr. Stanley is one of the monsters who spent time in San Quinn just not behind bars.

Dr. Stanley became obsessed with both rejuvenating, quote unquote, the masculinity of some prisoners and with the sterilization of others. Stanley believed that the decline of white male vigor would lead to the downfall of the moral values of the United States. And short, he worried that undesirables, quote unquote, would reproduce faster than good people. Basically, he feared a decrease the number of white Americans if the prison population wasn't sterilized. We've talked about this concept in previous sucks. Germany wasn in the only nation in

the first half the twenty century to have its politicians push for eugenics program to eliminate breeding from those deemed by the state to be undesirable so Stanley thought he'd invigorate agent white men by giving them the testicles of younger oftentimes african american prisoners yep it was a good idea to put young black balls and old white nut sex uh... doing this Stanley believed would save the white race. Did I

fucking mention he was the head surgeon at the prison for almost 40 years? What the fuck? And it is no obviously being super racist. Stanley also clearly didn't know how testicles work while a testicle implant is actually physically theoretically possible. It wouldn't create your sperm. Where does that? It's not your testicle. You know, it would create the testicle donor sperm. So, you know, I guess theoretically, you'd have somebody else's nuts and just go around pumping out their babies.

For several decades, Dr. Stanley removed the testicles of various inmates, convincing them it would make them healthier, not telling them it would make them impotent. And the early 1900s, totally legal for him to do this. Involuntary sterilization was actually legal in california he also wanted to see how the test goes to young healthy men could rejuvenate older men specifically older white men so he would graph the test goes of these young african american men onto the

older often see now white men to see if you know at a spring in their step brought their mind back it but it didn't uh... we wanted to conduct a new transplant but didn't have any young prisoners uh... that the warden would allow him to sterilize. There was randomly a lot about how many people you could sterilize in the same prison, in like a certain time frame. He started using goat, boar, and deer testicles.

He would pound the newly detached testicles of these animals into a paste and then inject it into the prisoner's stomachs. Some of them claim to feel healthier and more energetic after this bizarre treatment, old-time doctoring, so fun. But their feeling of rejuvenation was likely probably just a placebo effect. They probably thought it would make them feel good, so maybe I guess it did for a second.

Whenever I read about shit like this, it just makes me super skeptical towards today's doctors. Like I know doctors save lives. I know they're doing a lot of good stuff. But you know, these old-time doctors, they believe they were doing good stuff. Just like people's doctors, you know,

just like doctors do today. This wasn't some, this wasn't some fucking guy doctrine on a street corner for free. You know, he actually made it to the position of head surgeon. I mean, head surgeon in a prison hospital, but still head surgeon until 1951. Man, are you sure it's a good idea? To take some other guys' balls and put them on my balls,

doctor? I mean, it seems, this seems fucking crazy. I assure you, the procedure is both safe and effective. I haven't remained head surgeon for over 20 years by giving men bad balls. No, it's quite simple. Actually, we tied down one of the prisoners in cell block D, some guy with a, with a great pair of balls, just fantastic nuts, super balls. And we just, we snipped them right off, while you're here on the operating table,

and we just attach, they're nice, healthy plum balls to your useless, kind of sad, shriveled balls. And while they're still warm, we just graft them on there, just firm nuts side by side with your old, raising, skittle nuts, and then you're gonna have so much balls and you're gonna be able to ejaculate clear cross the San Francisco Bay.

Haha, my name is in Dr. Fucky maniac! Stanley finally retired from San Quentin in 1951, took a position as a doctor aboard a cruise ship where he stopped stepping off balls and probably just, I don't know, handed out sleeping, sleeping spills. As far as we know, doctors Stanley never got into trouble, never got into trouble and he died in 1976 at the age of 90. Or did he? Or did I just make up all that stuff so I could have

an excuse for some ball jokes? Maybe. Which stories are true? Which two stories are true? Which one is something I made up? Which is something I found? Are you ready? If I can lock in your choices, here we go.

Number one, sensory deprivation allowing you to see and somehow communicate with God in the dead. That's the first one. Number two is Nazi medical facility with a still alive tortured patient discovered in Argentina, 1952. Number three is the tale of Cropsees, Dad and Islands real life, I can bug you man.

And number four, Dr. Leo Stanley, San Quinn's ball swapper. Here's the answers. The first story, the tale of that sensory deprivation in an attempt to communicate with the great beyond is made up web lore Like the Russian sleep experiment comes straight from creepypasta pure web fiction The story called the gateway of the mind first posted on April 10th 2013 original author unknown The second story about the Nazi medical facility where a man was found still alive with his limbs put back on backwards was pulled out of my ass

Did you believe it? I tried to use ingredients for getting a, you know, horror story to go viral, viral incorporated murder. The evil doctors, you know, they killed some test subjects. I tried to incorporate a cliffhanger, you know, the guys were never out there. Maybe they could still be out there, I guess. Maybe still being alive, you know. And I listed a police officer description, giving him a name, you

know, I wanted to have a firsthand account of somebody witnessing this. So did I fool anyone? You know, I even pulled an eye. I had a fair amount of true, you know, details to the fake story to make it seem more real. Dr. Joseph Mengele did escape to South America after World War II with other Nazi officers and he did die in Brazil, a free man in 1979. The Crossey story, the Cropsy story is real.

There was a legend of a child killing boogeyman living in the woods of Staten Island, former Willa-Brick-Gener, Andre Rand, did fulfill that macabre legend, everything I said. And then the fourth one was the ball-swaper, right? And that also was real. How fucked up is that? Swapin' balls for years at San Quinn, right here in the US of A. Actually, I keep saying swapin' but taking and passing along is, I guess, more accurate,

because he wasn't given the guys who lost their balls anything in return, other than just pain and limpness. So how'd you do? How accurate were you? If you nailed our fork, congratulations, good judgment, good recognition. If you missed a few, or all of them,

well, let us just be a reminder. It's not believe everything, you hear on the web. Everything you missed a few or, you know, or all of them, well, let's just be a reminder. You know, it's not believe everything. You hear on the web. Everything you read on the web, I'm continually amazed and horrified when I bounce around on YouTube, Facebook, whatever, by how often people confidently post absolute agreement. They are certain that utter, unsubstantiated bullshit on the web is definitely true. Some things are up for debate. Some things are not, but people passionately debate them anyway. There are no reptilian secretly running our government. Arts is not flat. High ranking European officials are not hunting naked kids in some private fucking game reserve.

We're not being poisoned by Cam Trails as part of some agenda 21 depopulation program of free mazons are not in kahoot was Satan in order to secretly control the economy. Slender man is not real. There was no Russian sleep experiment. We did land on the moon. More prominent scientists, a lot more with question in the moon landing. If we did, the Sandy Hook murders, the Vegas shooting did happen.

No false flags, right? There's no evidence, credible of big foot, the Loch Ness Monster, or the Area 51 has any link at all with actual extraterrestrials. We live in the Golden Age of Information. There's so much great content out there.

So many carefully conducted scientific studies, your results, you can read and digest in just a few clicks for free. So many documentaries featuring firsthand interviews with important academic and historical figures, vast online libraries, full of carefully written texts, covering the entirety of a crude human study and knowledge.

It's incredible, but there's also a lot of fucking bullshit. There's ass clowns like Alex Jones and David Ike just present in slander and manipulative nonsense. There's a reason is, in fact, and I think it would do all of us a lot of good to watch a free four and a half minutes. This is no sponsor.

There's a free four and a half minute Ted Ed video on YouTube. I'm including the link to it in today's episode description. For real, I've added it before and I don't fuck it up again. And it's about learning to decide for good information for bad info. It's about critical thinking skills. Just a really quick little video that helps you pick the healthiest, most sensible, like just choices in life.

Like if you want an exercise and diet plan, if you're looking to lose your weight or gain weight, it's going to help you, you know, set yourself up for the best for retirement, these kind of thinking skills. It's going to help you vote based on your actual ideals. Find that right job, pick that right school, give you the best odds at something, as trivial as picking a fantasy football team,

you know, at least the best team on paper. Critical thinking man, it's so important. It allows us to understand bias and manipulation, differentiate it from objective fact. In some cases, it allows us to differentiate between what feels right and what it is right. It's about applying skepticism to decisions. The video breaks down to five step critical thinking method that I'll go over here real quick. Just in case you don't want to take time to watch it. I know it can be a pain in ass. So here we go. Number one, formulate your question, actually understand what you're asking,

know what you're looking for, be precise. Like for a diet, what are you trying to do with a diet? Are you trying to lose weight? Or are you trying to lose body fat? Those two aren't always the same. Are you trying to get smaller? Are you trying to get stronger and healthier? What really is the goal?

A precise goal allows you to search for the most effective diet in this case to attain it. Or to attain your goals, you know. Number two is gather your information. There's a lot of info on the web about any given subject. What info should you gather? Have a clear idea of your question back to step one here that helps you understand what information is pertinent to what you're trying to learn.

Gather information from experts in the field of study relating to your question. Sticking with the diet example, read an article written by a certified nutritionist, publish an appear-reviewed journal, should have a lot more weight to your decision than a fucking YouTube video, you know, created by an Instagram model with a great body, but no formal education whatsoever nutrition. A thigh gap does not equal expertise. It gives equal, you know, good genes in starving yourself. Nutritional science equals expertise in nutrition, like a degree, you know. Number three, apply the information,

ask critical questions. Is my interpretation of the information logical? Am I ignoring portions of the information I'm absorbing simply because it doesn't emotionally align with what I want? Am I allowing emotional thinking to override logic? Do my nipples ache when I think you heart or wear a brace of fabric on a cold day. Does eating too much peanut butter make it harder to wipe my bottom? Should I ignore the last two things Dan said because they don't apply to the information I am looking for? Yes, yes you should. For is considered the implications, let's say you read about a weight loss prescription pill, there's been approved by doctors however, do you think it's a

good plan to have to take a prescription pill to lose weight or does it make more sense to find a plan centered on sensible meal selection in an active lifestyle? Do you always want to be dependent on a pill? You know, what if your insurance changes? What if the cost skyrocket? What if your income changes? What if the pill is so, you know, something no longer offered?

Does eating sensibly feel more cost effective and easier to manage long term? As the implications there. Five is when was the last time you came? How clear is your head? How are you avoiding the gym because you're afraid you might get a boner? Or am I completely so clean through your panties? And even through your light color, yoga pants.

Not yoga pants. Why do you even own yoga pants that reveal moisture? Why do you wear yogurt pants? Why do you wear loose boxers and sweatpants that provide zero-boned protection? Do anything it's time you had sex or jerked off or DJ your own private vagina rave? You'll think more clearly if you do. Maybe take a nap. Naps are also good for clear heads. That's not step five. No, you knew that. You knew that? Because you applied critical thinking to my wacky doodle rant right there. And because I said yogurt pants instead of yoga pants. Yogurt pants sound fucking disgusting.

Step five is explore other points of view. Ask yourself why so many people are choosing, you know, with the example we've been using, nutritional or workout plans that you're not choosing. That you're not considering. Are they seeing something that you're not? Always good to consider other points of view before making a final decision. Do flat authors have a good argument regarding their beliefs? Should we be able to see the curve if the author is round?

No, no, we shouldn't. And they don't. They're just really, really bad at science and reviews take the time necessary to appreciate the true magnitude of our size and limitations of human sight to make seeing the curve fucking impossible. But seriously, examining an poising point and an examining and opposing point of view should never scare you. If you're wrong, it's an opportunity to get it right. And if you're right, it's an opportunity to strengthen your already existing beliefs. Now, let's

apply these five critical thinking steps to the Russian sleep experiment. You know, number one, let's formulate your question. My question initially was, did the Russian sleep experiment actually happen? Number two, gathering information. I did a quick Google of, did the Russian sleep experiment actually happen? Number two, gather information. I did a quick Google of, did the Russian sleep experiment actually happen? I used the question. Came up with numerous articles that discussed top viral creepypasta stories, most popular modern folklore, origins of Russian sleep experiment, etc.

All of the articles I found between 10 and 20 all pointed to the same place, a creepypasta, wikipage entry on August 10, 2010. All right, the user who posted goes by the handle of orange soda, but the other real name wasn't is unknown. It was posted on an online forum thread devoted to seeing who could drill out the best urban legend, also gathered information on the effects of sleep deprivation in general, what happens when people are deprived of sleep for long periods of time, memory loss, paranoia, hallucination, exhaustion, irritability, not ripping out chunks of your own flesh, are becoming immune to pain or possessing superhuman strength.

Number three, apply the information, ask critical questions. Why would the scientific community hide sleep deprivation leading to superhuman strength and the inability to feel pain if that was true? Why isn't there any scientific documentation online that even alludes to this experiment being possible or happening? There's zero credible smoke in this case, so I determined that there is a zero credible fire. Considered the implications, number four, what are the implications of the study being

true? I mean, I think if it were true, other studies would have been conducted in the year of sense to build, you know, for example, some super soldier based on this initial test. But that didn't happen. Zero evidence that in the roughly 70 years since supposedly happened, anything else similar happened, which tells me that this thing probably did not happen. Five, explore other points of view.

I did. And today's, it is the internet. No one I have found who either believes this, to have happened, or have happened, or believes it is possible to have happened. List a link to even one scientific study or one piece of investigative journalism that suggests something, anything at all, could happen to make this even remotely possible.

So final verdict, always orgasm before making important decisions. Don't wear yogurt pants. Uh, no. Final verdict is, of course, that it's not true. Sleep experiment didn't happen, and now is time for top five takeaways. Time, suck, tough, five takeaways. Number one, the Russian sleep experiment is an example of modern horror folklore. The fictional account of Russian researchers in the late 1940s keeping five test subjects

to wake for 15 days using an experimental gas-based stimulant. The goal was 30 days, but self-harm set in long before that, and then the test subjects attacked and killed some of the guards sent in to end the experiment. Number 2. The longest time anyone has stayed awake while being scientifically monitored that we know of was a San Diego high school kid named Randy Gardner Who made it just over 11 days without any major incident in 1964 Number three like Slender Man the Russian sleep experiment became popular on Creepypasta a website devoted to fan generated

Paranormal and horror tales Tales that has also spawned Jeff the killer, Ted the Caver, and other modern viral urban legends. Number four, use critical thinking skills when making decisions, formulate your question, gather your information, apply the information, consider the implications, and explore other points of view. Number five, new info. While not getting enough sleep, it's not going to make you go fucking berserker, and start

ripping out your insights, and lash out at anyone who tries to, you know, take your magic gas away from you, it actually can make you more violent. A 2016 article in the Journal of Psychology of Violence, or actually a journal called Psychology of Violence, suggests that sleep problems play a far greater role in aggression than researchers may have previously suspected, authors Zlatin Krizan and Anne Herlach of Iowa State University point out the different ways that poor sleep can release aggressive, can help release aggressive impulses and fuel violence. Along with case studies showing that violent offenders become less aggressive after being

treated for sleep problems, brain research indicates that poor sleep can influence our ability to control impulsive behavior. It also appears connected to how we emotionally respond to threats. Animal research has shown increased aggression in rats following REM sleep deprivation. Poor sleep could amplify aggressive tendencies and humans in different ways. First lack of sleep generally increases negative emotions such as fatigue, anxiety, depression. Other research shows that anger and irritability can increase as well. Poor sleep can also lead to great physical discomfort and pain including headaches, stomach

aches, flu-like symptoms, as sleep debt increases, we become more sensitive to pain, and emotional triggers that make us more likely to respond aggressively. So get some sleep! You short tempered, irrational, cranky pantses Time suck tough five take away Russian sleep experiment has been sucked That's a fun change of pace. I hope you liked it. It was fun for me to kind of shoehorn in that little critical thinking tutorial It's just a good excuse for me to watch that video myself And I take a bunch of notes and you know help remember that stuff so important with all the all the media spin that goes on all the political spin

It's always going on, you know that we make the most effective and accurate choices that we can. You know, every time you do that, you're just increasing, you know, the odds you're going to have a more successful life. You'll kick some ass, you'll meet Saks and tell me about it. I love tales of time suckers, getting what they want out of life and making this for sure round planet of ours, you know, a better place for all of us to live in. Thanks again to the time suck team.

High priest is the suck harmony velocamp, Jesse Guardian of grammar, dobner, Reverend Dr. Joe Paisley, time suck high priest, Alex Dugan, the guys of Bidelix are danger brain, space lizards, emerge wizards, access to peril queen of the suck. And another special thanks to OG Bojangles researcher Heather Knowledge Ninja, Rylinder. Next Monday is Veterans Day, at least when it will be observed. And this coming Sunday, November 11th is the Queen of the Sex birthday, and also the 100th anniversary of the end of World War I. Germany formally surrendered on November 11th, 1918. And our space lizards voted the topic on the app,

a World War I to be our next space lizard selected subject. Well played, well played, good job guys. Guys and gals. And while technically the suck should come out on November 19th, we're gonna bump it up a week because of the anniversary. Finally, another military suck, a big one, a huge one. I think the suck is gonna be epic.

World War I began in 1914. After the assassination of Archduke, France, Ferdinand, and lasted just like I said until 1918. During the conflict, Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, the Ottoman Empire, the Central Powers fought against Great Britain, France, Russia, Italy, Romania, Japan, and the United States, the Allied powers. Thanks to new military technology and the horrors of trench warfare. Probably gonna be talking about that a lot. World War I's unprecedented levels of carnage and destruction. By the time the war was over

and the Allied powers claimed victory, more than 16 million people, soldiers, and civilians alike were dead. It's gonna be a huge suck. How the war began, major battles, what it led to after it was all over, especially hope that all of our military listeners who appreciate very much enjoy this suck. And so that's next week. And now to end this week's

episode, let's get into some time-sucker updates. First up, scary story from time Sucker, Megan Holy Shit. How do you say your last name? Schmelzen? Schmelzenbach. I don't know. Megan writes, Hello Master Sucker, listing to the Ed and the Rain warn episode and just paused when you asked for Ghost Ball encounters.

Not an actual Ghost Ball, but when I was about four, my family lived in a house with a previous owner, had died of a heart attack and the basement and wasn't found for two weeks. A handful of freaky things happened in the five weeks we lived there before moving. One time at breakfast my entire family was seated at the table and we heard footsteps coming up the stairs. Oh god, that's not fun. Another time I was watching the Cosby show in my windowless basement room and saw a shadow of a man when my dad was in the house. Another time my mom heard a heartbeat too fast and rapid to be my 18-month-old

brother's heart on the baby monitor, but of course no one was in his room. Huh. We can never go barefoot in the house because for some reason, there were always stickers like those kind of you find in pastures. I know exactly what you're talking about. I'm bedding in the carpet. Like I said, we were always stickers like those kind of you find in pastures, I know exactly what you're talking about. I'm bedding in the carpet. Like I said, we made it five weeks and then bailed. No one in my family has ever had another ghost

seen counter sense. Now that I'm grown, I always burn some sage when moving into a new place just to be safe. Yours truly, space lizard, Megan. Wow, and wow, moving out for five weeks. That's a good decision. Get out before the demon rape and begins, smart family, you don't wanna have to call Woody, you know,

start about the car, the stickers, Megan. There's no fun at all. At least you didn't get held down and licked by the prickly fork and ton of bafflement. Like this one family, I meant back in. That's enough Woody. Got your safe. Got your safe, Megan.

Burn that sage. Next up, more scarr reported by time sucker Hope Williams. Hope writes, all hail the suck king. I'm contributing two comments to the most recent suck, demonologist. The first, my own personal ghost story, and the second, being well, a fuck you. Ah, I love this.

Grandma used to live in this house where an old woman had died in a short time prior. She told me stories about seeing this woman, but my grandmother was legally blind due to redness, pigmentosa, I'm not this parenthetical, along with being a drunk since it's not like she could pass her time watching TV. Although I was telling my mom about your podcast and she said that my grandmother would have loved it. So I just brushed it off as her being crazy. She said she'd walk around the house with freshly baked cookies while humming, but she was also born completely deaf in one ear, so I dismissed that as well. Until one night, when my older sister and I were sleeping over, I heard humming.

I smelled something sweet in the corn, oh my god. In the corner of my eye, I saw a dark silhouette of what I swear to be that woman holding the plate of cookies humming. That just fucking gave me the chills. My sister was asleep, but when she woke up, she told my my grandma and I that she had a dream about that same woman Ah and Ah fuck you you got me with the fucking ventriloquist hooks To the point where I immediately paused the podcast to tell my mom who used to own this Charlie ventriloquist doll that she would torch us with

who used to own this Charlie Ventriloquist doll that she would torture us with when we were kids. Only to find out you made it all up. So I had to tell her that the master sucker finally got me. So thanks for that. Oh, not in making our hope. I'm Woody. This is totally real demon hunting puppet. Wee!

Hope continues. Regardless, I love your podcast and I spread Reptus Suck everywhere I go. I was lucky enough to see twice in the same month or this year At a live suck in Orlando and at a comedy show in Tampa. I was the girl with a loud squeal of a laugh that made you do the space lizard sign in a picture. Yes With mixed feelings of love and remorse space lizard. Hope believes. I love you. Hope. Thanks for sharing that awesome message So glad I got you with Woody Next up time sucker Nathan Cruz reminds me of how important the time to the community has become for many of you.

And for that, I am very, very, very thankful. Nathan writes, This message actually isn't for you, master sucker. It's for the cult of the curious group on Facebook. I want to give a huge, massive, colossal thank you to them for helping me when I was feeling the lowest I've ever felt ever. I'm still on 100% hell. I'm still on even 30% most days, but I am so thankful for the amazing people, their kind words and their insane thoughtfulness. This is a thank you there for you too. There's a thank you there for you too. Without you, I would have not found these wonderful people to thank. I have thanked them, but I was really hoping you could thank them for me also on an upcoming

Monday episode done. Done. The thank has went down and thank you Nate. The man, thanks for being awesome, dude. Thanks for being a valued part of the time. So family, stay strong brother. Link to the cult of the curious group Nathan's talking about in this episode description. I hope you're up to at least like 60, 70% say.

And I hope it just fucking keeps getting better. I hope it just keeps sucking your way up, man. Time's like a Walter Williams, not as happy with his suck. He's frustrated. He's frustrated with a recent sponsor. Let's hear about it. He says, Walter writes,

complain about your sponsor. While back I heard some strange noises in my attic. I sure my wife was the plumbing, but she nagged me until I got out of bed and checked it out. She was right, it wasn't the plumbing. Up there in the dark, hunched over was an eight foot tall red horn and cloven footed demon. I tried to run, but the damn thing was too fast, unfortunately,

very horny. When it was over, I stumbled down the stairs and back to bed. Not wanting to scare my wife. I told her it was the plumbing plumbing and I had to throw my back out in the ladder. Next time I heard the noise, I was ready to get cruise effects and holy water with me, but it didn't work. He laughed at the cross and when he saw the holy water, he said in the growl, oh boy, you brought lube. Laters, I laid him bed recovering. Listen to your podcast. I felt overjoyed to hear about what he's spectral rape repellent and I ordered some immediately. I made sure to read and reread the directions. And when I heard the noise again, I thought I had him for sure. Yeah, it didn't work.

Not a second had I breached the attic entrance when the door slammed behind me and from the dark I heard be honest how long is your wife gonna buy the plumbing excuse? sincerely one very sore customer Walter Williams So I brought you two for problems Walter. You must have gotten a bad batch We had a factory recall in some of our spray. Not enough for sobby. We. Why is he always we?

Why is he always the way at the end? Thanks for the message, Walter. Hope you're feeling better. And now for a real scary message from Time Sucker, Charlie, wishes to remain anonymous. A reminder that the spousal abuse I talked about in the cast for a night episode, how women can beat men just as well as men can beat women is unfortunately very real.

Charlie writes, dear Dan, while listening to episode 110, the horror of Catherine Knight, I noticed you brought up the subject of reverse spousal abuse. I can tell you that it is all too real. It may not be as prevalent as male and female violence, not by a long shot, but it's definitely a reality. I have been a victim of it. A woman I had relations with a few years back didn't quite fit the extreme mold of Catherine Knight, but she was definitely abusive.

While I was with her, I was subject to fits of rage, including punching, clawing, scratching, biting. Ooh, man, verbal and mental abuse, unprovoked. I've never hit a woman or physically attacked her nor would I ever. I would rather shoot myself in the nuts than ever raise a hand to a lady. But I put up with it because I was a weak person back then. I didn't know how to acknowledge these things other than she's damaged and had a hard life, she's young and I'm a man. What man gets abused by a woman? Took me years even realized or even comprehend that she might have been actually

legit abusing me or that I myself might have grown up with an abusive mother. I lift way to covered in tattoos, I drink beer, enjoy the female form, I watch sports, I love cars, I have various forms of metal head band shirts, camo shorts and black clothing, cause fuck society, hallows to Fina. By society standards, that is considered manly. What man gets abused by a woman?

Many would say, if not worse, well, I was. My mother repeatedly beat me in my younger years, like to manipulate me from friends and being social, along with various other things that rather not get into in an email, man, fucking sorry to hear about us, dude. She would show great fits of neediness and love followed by dark turns of betrayal and animosity towards me and people I tried to connect to.

I just figured she was being an overprotective mom, but it was never normal and made me feel trapped in a lung with no one around to help me. What I do know now, and I'm willing to admit is that it led to many years of depression of teenage drinking and some drug use and plenty of night spent obsessing over suicide, including two attempts on my life. When you grow up in an abusive environment, one tends to look at the actual abuse as normal and part of life.

When you're a grown man, you are held to a standard that men do not get abused by women. If you are being abused, it's because you're some sort of pussy. When I dated the woman in question and others before her, I often tended to just disregard, or just disregard, their abusive tendencies as being normal and part of their nature. Often found myself attracted to women who were damaged and grew up in abusive homes themselves because they were the only ones I felt I had a legit connection to and could relate to. The problem was they, not myself, ever sought to get legitimate help for our problems and ailments.

What we let it feed off of itself, which only manifested in terrible sad outcomes, but deep down, I knew something was wrong and then it wasn't normal to have someone lie to you, cheat on you or physically attack you to nowhere because it's just in their nature. To show great fits of love and neediness, only followed by fits of rage and targeted harassment and abuse. Just because you live with low self esteem, most on psychological issues does not make you weak. It means you're lost and you need help realizing what you're going through. I would urge anyone who feels alone, sad, or quote unquote, damage to grow up in an abusive situation

or currently in an abusive situation to immediately seek true professional help. There is no shame and let the doctor heal you of your ailments and there is no shame in admitting that you may have a problem. The longer you let it go on, the more you start to accept pain is a reality, the more prone you are to hurting yourself, hurting others or being hurt by those who themselves are broken and left unchecked. Thank you and your team for all the great work you do, truly an amazing show, praise Nimrod and the sweet, sweet voice of triple M. Y'all will be there. Oh, I had to throw it in.

You said that. I just did it sincerely, Charlie. Well, thank you, Charlie, for sharing your story, man. Someone who may really need to hear it now actually does get to hear it. An exactly right man, getting helps us not make you weak. It actually makes you strong. So don't put up with shit. Don't put up with abuse, man or woman.

It's not normal. It's never okay. You deserve better. It's not your fault that they have problems, that they feel leads them to this abuse. That's not your fucking problem. You're a time sucker. You're one of the best.

You deserve an abuse-free kick ass happy life. I'll do, hope I get to see you one of these days, Charlie. Hail Nimrod. And now one last message, quick shout out to some time suckers who just got engaged. Time sucker, Alicia Johnson writes, hello, almighty and powerful time suck guy. This is my first time ever contacting you, but there is something I want to tell you. As my boyfriend and I were hosting a Halloween party at our house, he got on one spooky knee and proposed to me after eight years of being together. I just wanted to see if you could give us a shout out on your next episode, Hail Nimrod. One spooky knee, I love that detail. Love, congratulations,

Alicia. Wish you all the very best. Hope your honeymoon isn't filled with angry spirits trying to sneak into your fun holes. Shout it fuck up Woody That's all the quotes for today. Thank you time suckers very much for those updates I need a net we all did Thanks for listening again everybody. Thanks for making this the most fun project ever stay curious use those critical thinking skills I know you have to kick some ass in life Don't try to stay awake for 30 days and definitely go to bed if you start to eat your insides. And keep on sucking! I'll eat your insides time suckers.

I've been wanting too many nights around demons, I'm thinking some crazy thoughts. REEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE