TrueLife - History: Science or Fiction Reading 3

Starting point is 00:00:01 Darkness struck, a gut-punched theft, Sun ripped away, her health bereft. I roar at the void. This ain't just fate, a cosmic scam I spit my hate. The games rigged tight, shadows deal, blood on their hands, I'll never kneel. Yet in the rage, a crack ignites, occulted sparks cut through the nights. The scars my key, hermetic and stark. To see, to rise, I hunt in the dark, fumbling, fear. through ruins maze, lights my war cry, born from the blaze.

Starting point is 00:00:39 The poem is Angels with Rifles. The track, I Am Sorrow, I Am Lust by Codex Serafini. Check out the entire song at the end of the cast. Welcome back, everyone. History, fiction, or science, science, science. I'm assuming you've all listened to the first few sessions. So with that being said, let us jump with both feet right back into the thick of it, into history, or is it fiction? Timekeeping in the Middle Ages, historians discussed the chaos reigning in the medieval datings, peculiar and medieval anachronisms.

Starting point is 00:02:00 The Scaligerian chronological version was far from being the only one. It competed with virgins. It competed with virgins. Visions. That's ridiculous. It competed with versions that were significantly different. Bickram mentions the chaos reigning in the medieval datings. 72, page 73. Furthermore, the analysis of ancient documents shows us that old conscience. concepts of time were substantially different from modern ones. Before the 13th and 14th century, the devices for time measurement were a rarity and a luxury. Even the scientists didn't always possess them. The Englishman Valkarius was lamenting the lack of a clock that afflicted the precision of his observations of a lunar

Starting point is 00:03:13 eclipse in 1091. The clocks common for medieval Europe were sundials, hourglasses, and water clocks, or klepsidre. However, sundials only were of use when the weather was good and the klepsidre remained a scarcity. Page 94. Just so everybody knows, I'm going to put whenever I read or say a page number that doesn't correspond with what I'm reading or if I stop and say a page number, you should be able to look down and see the figure of which the book is talking about. So, FYI, just for that. In the end of the 9th century AD, candles were widely used for timekeeping. The English king, Alfred, took them along on his journeys and ordered them to be burned one after the other.

Starting point is 00:04:16 Page 94. The same manner. of timekeeping was used in the 13th and 14th century in the reign of Charles V for instance. The monks kept count of time by the amount of holy book pages or psalms they could read in between two observations of the sky. For the majority, the main timekeeping medium was the tolling of the church bells, page 94. One is to bear in mind that as to Astronomical observations require a chronometer that possesses a second hand. While we learn that even after the discovery and the propagation of mechanical chronometers in Europe, they had been lacking the minute hand for a long time.

Starting point is 00:05:08 Page 95. It is also, to be said, that the ultra-sophisticated chronological cabala developed in the Middle Ages, contradicts the imprecision of temporal observation. For instance, the very periods used for measuring time on Earth acquire an entirely different duration when used for measuring the biblical events. Augustine equaled every Genesis day to a millennium, thus attempting to define the duration of the history of humankind.

Starting point is 00:05:47 pages 109 to 110 such an inherent trait of the medieval historography as its anachronistic propensity is for importance to us is of importance to us sorry about that the past is described in the same categories as the contemporary epoch the biblical and the ancient characters where medieval attire a medieval moralist describes courteiness to the ancient Romans, which was a purely knightly virtue, the epochs of the Old and New Testament, are not put in a direct temporal sequence. The fact that the portals of medieval cathedrals portray Old Testament kings and patriarchs together with the ancient sages and evangelical characters unravels the anachronistic attitude of history like nothing else.

Starting point is 00:06:51 In the end of the 11th century, the Crusaders were certain they came to punish the actual executioners of the Savior and not their offspring. Pages 117 to 118. This fact is significant enough, and we shall come back to it later on. Modern historians based their observations on the Scaligerian chronology, believing that the medieval authors had attained a state of great confusion in what concern both concepts and epochs due to their alleged ignorance and that they had confused the ancient biblical epoch with the medieval one medieval painters for instance kept portraying the biblical and the ancient characters and typically medieval costumes however another point of view is also viable one that differs from the traditional

Starting point is 00:07:46 love for anachronisms explanation, namely that all of the statements made by the medieval chronographers and artists may have reflected reality, and we consider them to be anachronistic because we follow the erroneous Scaligerian chronology. The Scaligerian chronological version only managed to immortalize one medieval chronological concept out of many other versions previously coexisted with the consensual chronology. For instance, it was assumed that the Holy Roman Empire of the German nation in the 10th through 13th century AD was the immediate descendant of the ancient Roman Empire that is alleged to have existed in the 11th century AD according to the Scaligerian version.

Starting point is 00:08:47 Mark the repercussions of the discussion that appears very odd in our time. Petrarch made the statement that he was supposed to have based on a number of philological and psychological observations that the privileges granted by Nero Caesar to the House of Austrian Dukes in this 13th century AD were fake. It needed proof in those days. For the modern historian, the thought that the ancient Caesar and Nero were the contemporaries of a medieval Austrian house of dukes that had only commenced since reign in 1273 AD. That is about 1,200 years after Caesar and Nero is naturally a preposterous one. However, as we see the medieval opponents of Petrarch were of a different opinion, since it needed proof.

Starting point is 00:09:53 E. Priester makes the following observation in the same notorious documents. All the interested parties were perfectly aware that the documents were blatant and shameless forgeries, such as the modern interpretation of the fact, and nevertheless politely shut their eyes on the circumstance. An abnormally large number of anachronisms that transpose ancient events into the epoch of the 11th through 14th century is contained in the medieval German chronicles and texts.

Starting point is 00:10:31 Detailed reference may be obtained. The reader must be accustomed to be leaving the famous gladiator fights only occur in the distant ancient age. This is not the case, however. V. Klasov, in having told us of the gladiator fights, in having told us of the gladiator fights in the ancient Rome proceeds to add that these fights took place in the medieval Europe of the 14th century as well. For instance, he mentions the gladiator fights in Naples

Starting point is 00:11:05 around 1344 AD, which were attended by Johanna of Naples and Andrew of Hungary. These medieval fights ended with the death of one of the fighters, exactly the way they did in the ancient times. the chronology and the dating of biblical texts. The datings of religious sources are virtually woven out of obscurity and confusion. The biblical chronology and datings are of a very vague nature, since they are based on the authority of late medieval theologians. The history, the historians write the following.

Starting point is 00:11:45 The true history of the origins of the books comprising the New Testament, also fails to concur with the one backed by the church. The order of the New Testament books that is used nowadays is the direct opposite of the ones set by the ecclesial tradition. The real names of the authors of medieval books remain unknown. As we shall learn, the consensual point of view about the Old Testament books preceding those of the New Testament also causes many doubts. contradicts the results obtained by modern empirical statistical dating methods. One should also consider

Starting point is 00:12:30 the issue of the age of the biblical manuscripts that have reached our time. They turn out to be of medieval origin. The oldest, more or less complete copies of the Greek Bible are the manuscripts of Alexandria, Vatican and Mount Sinai. All three manuscripts are dead. Paleographically, which is with such an ephemeral concept as handwriting style used as a basis. To the second half of the 9th century AD, the codex language is Greek. The least is known about the Vatican Codex. Nobody knows how the artifact manifested in Vatican around 1475. Imagine that.

Starting point is 00:13:16 The Alexandrian Codex is known to have been given to the English King Charles I by the Patriarch Cyril Lucerus in 1628. The Codex of Mount Sinai was only discovered in the 19th century by K. Tishendorf. Pages 268 to 270. So the three oldest codices of the Bible only surface after the 15th century, AD. The reputation of their antiquity was. was created by the authority of Kay Tishendorf, who had based his research on the style of handwriting.

Starting point is 00:14:00 However, the very idea of paleographic dating apparently implies the existence of a known global chronology of other documents and thus cannot be regarded as an independent dating method in any way. What we know for certain is that the history of these documents can be traced as far back as 1475. In other words, no other, more or less complete ancient Greek Bibles exist. Among separate biblical books, the oldest ones are considered to be those of Zechariah and Malachi

Starting point is 00:14:35 dated to the alleged 6th century AD. Also, paleographically, the most ancient biblical manuscripts are in Greek. Page 270. There are no Hebrake. manuscripts of the Bible predating the 9th century in existence, although those of a more recent time, primarily the middle of the alleged 13th century, are kept in many national libraries. The oldest Hebraic manuscript is a fragment of the books of prophets, and it is dated to 8.59 AD. One of the two second oldest manuscripts is dated to 916 AD, and contains the books of the prophets.

Starting point is 00:15:20 the other is dated to 1,08 AD and contains the text of the Old Testament. However, the first manuscript was dated to 1228 by the scribe. The so-called Babylonian punctuation of letters given here allows this text to be dated by the Seleucid era, which gives us 916 AD. However, there are no serious foundations for such a statement, and it is hand-eastern. possible that the dating was given in years since Christ, in which case the manuscript would belong to the 13th century and not the 10th. The oldest Hebraic document containing the complete Old Testament can be ascribed to the alleged year 1008 AD. It is

Starting point is 00:16:14 supposed that the biblical canon was agreed upon by the Laudician Council in 363 AD, but no edicts of this council remain in existence and the same concerns the previous councils. The canon was really made official by the new Trident Council called in 1545 the epoch of the Reformation and continued until 1563. In figure 1.33 we can see a painting of one of the council sessions by Titan. A great many books were destroyed by the edict of the Trident Council, the ones considered apocryphal, namely the Chronicles of the Judaic and Israeli Kings.

Starting point is 00:17:03 We shall never be able to read these books, but there is one thing that we can be perfectly certain of. They were destroyed, since they had described history differently from the books approved by the winning faction of the Scaligeriat historians. we should emphasize that there were a lot more apocryphal opuses than those certified canonical and that most biblical datings are wholly dependent on paleography which means that they are based upon the a priori chronological knowledge of the scaligerian school and would change automatically if a chronological paradigm shift occurred. Let us give an important example.

Starting point is 00:17:55 In 1902, the Englishman Nash purchased a fragment of an Egyptian papyrus manuscript whose dating cannot be agreed upon by the scientist to this day. The final agreement was made that the text corresponds to the beginning of our era. Later on, after the discovery of the Kumran manuscripts, the comparison of the handwriting styles in both Nash's papyrus and the manuscripts allowed for the determination of the greater antiquity of the latter. Thus, one papyrus fragment whose dating cannot be agreed upon pulls a whole lot of other documents after it. Nevertheless, the dating of the Qumran scrolls provoked major dispute among scientists.

Starting point is 00:18:44 The dating range was given from the second century and until the epoch of the Crusades. The early AD dating is considered proven after 1962 when a radiocarbon research of the Qumran manuscripts was conducted. However, as we shall mention again later on, the radiocarbon method is really unsuitable for the dating of specimens whose age falls into the span of two to three millennia. since the ensuing datings cover too wide of a time range. This may reach as wide a span as 1 to 2,000 years for specimens whose age reaches 1 to 2,000 years. As you can see there, it's pretty much ridiculous. Although dated the Quran manuscripts to 68 AD,

Starting point is 00:19:39 the American historian S. Zetland categorically insists on the medieval origin of these texts. We shall give a more detailed account of matters concerning the biblical manuscripts in Chronicle 6. Difficulties and contradictions arising from the reading of old text. How does one read a text written in consonants exclusively, the vocalization problem? The datings of other biblical fragments that we possess today also need attentive additional analysis. Attempts to read most of the old manuscripts such as the biblical and the ancient Egyptian ones often confront historians with severe difficulties.

Starting point is 00:20:30 The first steps of our research into the primordial language of the Old Testament brings us to the fact of paramount importance, which is that written Hebrew neither had signs for vowels originally nor any other signs to replace them. The books of the Old Testament were written in nothing but consonants. The situation is typical. Ancient Slavonic text, for instance, also come as chains of consonants, often even lacking the vocalization symbols and separation of individual words from one another.

Starting point is 00:21:06 just an endless stream of consonants ancient Egyptian text also contained nothing but consonants the name of the Egyptian kings are rendered in modern literature in a perfectly arbitrary manner a la primary school textbook content there is a plethora of significant variations that defy all attempts of classification being a result of

Starting point is 00:21:36 arbitrary interpretation that become tradition. It is possible that the scarcity and the high cost of writing materials made the ancient scribes extremely frugal, and the vowels were eliminated as a result. It is true that if we take a Hebraic Bible or a manuscript nowadays, we shall find a skeleton of consonants filled with dots and other signs that are supposed to refer to the missing vowels. Such signs were not included in the ancient Hebraic Bible. The books had been written in consonants exclusively and filled with vowels by the readers to the best of their ability and in accordance with the apparent demands of common sense and oral tradition. Imagine how precise the kind of

Starting point is 00:22:27 writing that consisted of nothing but consonants would be today when the combination BLD, for instance, could mean blood, bled, bold, build, boiled, boiled, boiled, etc. RVR could stand for River, Rover, or Raver. The vocalization

Starting point is 00:22:47 alliotory quotient in ancient Hebraic and other old language is exceptionally high. Many consonant combinations may be vocalized in dozens of ways. Cassinius wrote that it was easily

Starting point is 00:23:05 understood how imperfect and unclear such writing method had been. T.F. Curtis also noted that even for priests, the meaning of the scripture remained extremely doubtful and could only be understood with the aid of the tradition and its authority. Robertson Smith adds that

Starting point is 00:23:28 the scholars had no other guide but the actual text. That was often ambiguous and oral tradition. They had no grammatical. rules to follow. The Hebraic that they wrote and often allowed for verbal constructions that were impossible in the ancient language. Scaligerian history considers this status quo to have prevailed for many centuries. It is furthermore assumed that this paucity of the Hebraic Bible was only remedied in the 7th or 8th century of our era when the Maserat's had processed the Bible and added symbols that stood for vowels.

Starting point is 00:24:13 But they had no other guides but their own intuition and very fragmentary oral tradition. And this fact is known perfectly well to every expert in the Hebraic languages. Driver points out that since the Mocerats and their efforts in the 7th and 8th centuries, the Jews have started to protect their holy books with the utmost zeal and vigor when it had already been too late to mitigate. The damage done to them in any way, the result of the overzealous protection had been the amenitization of the distortions that had been made equal to the original text in authority. The common opinion you used to be that the vow, were introduced to the Hebraic text by Ezra in the 5th century BC.

Starting point is 00:25:11 When Lovita and Capilius proved the wrong in the 16th and 17th century, France, demonstrating that the vowels have only been introduced by the Maserat. The discovery made a great sensation in the entire Protestant Europe. Many were of the opinion that this new theory might lead to the the complete dethronement of religion. If the vows weren't received in an epiphany of divine inspiration, being merely a human creation, and a relatively recent one at that,

Starting point is 00:25:49 how could one rely on the text of the Holy writ? The debate that followed had been amongst the most heated in the history of the new biblical criticism and had carried on for over a century. It has finally ended when the, veracity of the new opinion was acknowledged by everyone. Imagine that. If such fierce disputes flared up around the biblical vocalizations in the 6th through 7th century, could this mean these very vocalizations were introduced very recently? Could this have happened in the 15th through

Starting point is 00:26:33 16th century and since this vocalization version was far from the commonly accepted version it had to encounter opposition which may have been quite vehement it was only much later that the maasurot deciphering of the bible shifted by levita and capellus into the 7th and 8th century a d so as to give the biblical text the authority of antiquity the situation with the Quran must have been similar. We are informed that Arabic writing becomes developed further in the middle of the 7th century when the first transcription of the Quran took place. 6.51.80, the additional diacritic marks on above or beneath the letter were introduced in the second half of the 7th century for differentiating between similarly written letters, four vowels and doubled letters.

Starting point is 00:27:33 vowels. Other sources tell us that the vocalizations were only introduced in the second half of the 8th century by Al Khalil Ibn Ahmed. Could all of this activity have taken place in the 15th through 16th century? That's something to think about on a similar but incredibly non-related note. I was going through. There's a phenomenal book called When Google Met WikiLeaks. And in that book, they have Eric Schmidt going and speaking with Julian Assange in the embassy about, I don't know, I think it was six years ago. I have to double check on that. However, they're talking about utilizing Bitcoin as a method for not only currency, but stuffing information into the blockchain, just using different packets and whatnot. And that got me thinking, as we're going through this book, we're learning that there's a real possibility.

Starting point is 00:28:39 All the dates and the history we are aware of is complete bullshit. It's all made up. And it got me thinking that right around the time Bitcoin soared to $20 million, Julian Assange and WikiLeaks were stuffing a lot of information into the Bitcoin blockchain, potentially Wiener's laptop and stuff from the, Hillary campaign, wouldn't it be something? Wouldn't it be something if Assange and WikiLeaks have put information into the blockchain that most people will not be able to extract at this point in time? However, in the future, might it be that blockchain holds the true and accurate version of

Starting point is 00:29:25 history that can't be scrubbed, that can't be changed? And maybe that's one reason. and why everyone in the mass media is ignoring him, and there's so many people in power that hate him, is because he has put something into the books that cannot be erased. It cannot be scrubbed from history. It's something to think about. Back to this book. The sounds R and L were often confused in the Middle Ages.

Starting point is 00:29:55 We shall give some direct evidence of the fact that these sounds R and L were often subject to flexion. Amsterdam, among others, is a city whose name was affected by such instability and was called Amsterdam, Amsternam, Amsteldam, Amstelodam. Just so you guys know, it's spelled A-M-S-T-E, capital R-D-A-M, and the second one, Amstel-D-D-A-M, A-M-S-T-E-E-L-D-A-A-A-S-T-E-L-A. and the third was Amstelodam. So just as I'm reading it, I want to give you the visual. We should mention another interesting fact here, figures 1.34 shows the title page of a book on navigation published in Amsterdam in 1625. The name of the city is already given as Amsterdam the way it is written today. However, the old engraving that one sees on the same page

Starting point is 00:31:06 gives the old name and a rather peculiar spelling. Amstelredam, as in figure 1.35. Both continents are present here and a bizarre combination of sounds is achieved as a result. This reminds us that the names of many European towns and cities had remained unstable until fairly recently, when they became emanatized in the printing press. Epic. Numerous other examples of the phenomenon are given below. That brings me to another interesting point. Has anyone ever thought about how is it that? that the Asha Kanazi Jewish people ended up in the Rhine Valley. And isn't it strange? Like when you think about the word Asha Kanazi,

Starting point is 00:32:07 what are the last four letters of that word? It's N-A-Z-I. Asha-Kanazi. Isn't that weird that the Asha-Kanazi people, or short, you know it's typical it's a typical heuristic for people to shorten long words so wouldn't it be logical to shorten ashikanazi to nazi it's the last four letters of the word these people were in the rind valve but if you look up how they got there it's pretty muddled additionally the ashikanazi or the nazi

Starting point is 00:32:52 that is talked about in most public schools. It's claimed that they were trying to create a master race of blonde-haired, blue-eyed people. Isn't it interesting when you look at today's events like Jeffrey Epstein, who claimed he was part of the master race? And in New Mexico, what was he doing? He had a breeding program trying to spread his genes because he believed that he was part of a master race. But yet he claims to be Jewish. In fact, I don't know. Was he Asha Khannaazi? I don't know. But isn't it strange that the Asha Khannazi or the people we thought were the Nazis? Isn't it weird the rhetoric that you used around that? Like the Nazis claimed to be the master race. And when I think about Ben Shapiro as an Asha Kanazi, that guy is one of the most arrogant

Starting point is 00:33:53 condescending. Just an arrogance through the roof. Like he's better than everybody. And he's Asha Kanazi. Something to think about. Problems in the Scaligerian geography of biblical events.

Starting point is 00:34:15 Archaeology in the Old Testament. The vocalizations of Wow, this is a crazy one. The vocalizations of quotidiarians. Leximus may not be all that important to our purposes, but the consonant sequences used for names of cities, countries, and rulers definitely are. Hundreds of different vocalizations were spawned, some of which were arbitrarily localized in the Middle East due to the hypothesis

Starting point is 00:34:46 that binds biblical events to that area exclusively. The archaeologist Miller Burroughs expresses his unswerving trust and the correctness of the Scaligerian geography, writing that, in general, archaeological work doubtlessly gives one a very strong confidence in the dependability of the biblical indications. One of the modern archaeological authorities, the American William Albright, wrote, albeit hazily, that one should not doubt that archaeology, in reference to the excavations in modern Palestine confirms just how substantially historical the Old Testament tradition is.

Starting point is 00:35:33 However, Albright concedes that the situation with biblical archaeology has so chaotic in the beginning of the 1990-1949 period that the varying views on chronological issues could not have reached any sort of convergence at all and that under those circumstances, one really could not have used the archaeological data concerning Palestine for illustrating the Old Testament. The one-time director of the British Museum, Sir Frederick Kenyon, categorically insists that archaeology has refuted the destructive criticism of the second half of the 19th century. W. Keller even published a book titled, Suggestively Enough, and yet the Bible is Right,

Starting point is 00:36:24 which tries to convince the reader of the veracity of the Skelligerian interpretation of biblical data. However, here is some information from the eminent archaeologist L. Wright, also an avid supporter of the theory that the Skelligerian localizations and datings of the biblical events were correct. The overwhelming majority of findings neither prove nor disprove anything. They fill the background and provide a setting for history. Unfortunately, many of the works that can be understood by the average reader have been written with excessive zeal and desire to prove the Bible correct. The evidence is misused for making erroneous and semi-correct conclusions.

Starting point is 00:37:12 The pioneers of archaeology in Mesopotamia were C.J. Rich, A.H. Lainard, and P.E. Bota in the 19th century. However, in order to get their research subsidized, they had to advertise their findings in a sensational manner, associating their findings with biblical towns and in a rather arbitrary manner. However, the accumulation of material evidence resulted in a significant. significant quandary. Actual facts show that none of the Old Testament books have concrete archaeological proof of their Scaligerian dating and localization. In the 20th century, El Wuli, the prominent archaeologist performed excavations of a town that he tried to identify as the biblical er. That's you are, for those of you. However, it turned out that, unfortunately, one cannot give satisfactory chronological

Starting point is 00:38:18 datings of the episodes concerning the biblical Abraham within the span of the second millennium of Middle Eastern history. The Scaligerian history insists that all the events concerning the biblical patriarchs occurred precisely and exclusively on the territory of the modern Mesopotamian. and Syria. Nevertheless, it is immediately acknowledged that as to what concerns the identity of the patriarchs, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, one can just reiterate that the information obtained as a result of the most fruitful excavations in Syria and Mesopotamia were extremely meager or simply non-existent. One might wonder just how justifiable it is to

Starting point is 00:39:11 search for traces of the biblical patriarchs in modern Mesopotamia. Furthermore, Scaligerian history is of the opinion that all of the events involving the biblical Abraham and Moses occurred on the territory of modern Egypt. It is evasively stated that the historical intensity of this tradition is not confirmed archaeologically, but its historical plausibility is. but its historical plausibility is, together with an account of the circumstances that may have been the setting of the patriarch's biography. We are also warned that one is to be cautious in one's use of cultural and social indications for dating purposes, since we have the principal concepts in what regards the era of the patriarchs.

Starting point is 00:40:07 One needs to possess a certain flexibility in the fixation of chronology. As we shall soon see, the flexibility may stretch as far as hundreds and even thousands of years. W. Keller proceeds to tell us that Egypt remains indebted to the researchers. In addition to the fact they found nothing about Joseph, neither documents nor any other traces of his time have been discovered. Egypt remains in debt in what concerns Moses as well. In this case, one may wonder yet again about the possibility of biblical events having taken place in a different country, not necessarily bound to the territory of modern Egypt. The archaeologist Albright and avid supporter of the Scaligerian interpretation of the Bible has nevertheless got to agree with the fact that the previous concept, of the Exodus to Haran from the Caldean er found no archaeological evidence except for the actual city.

Starting point is 00:41:18 Furthermore, it turned out that the very location of Mount Sinai is unknown. Another complication is that the Bible often states Mount Horib to have been the place where the revelation was given. if we are to take the biblical description of the natural phenomena accompanying said procedure seriously, one has to presume the mountain to have been a volcano. The problem is that the mountain called Sinai nowadays has never been a volcano. Some archaeologists placed Sinai in North Arabia claiming that it was located in Midian near Kadesh. But none of these mountains of the volcanoes either. The Bible says that the Lord reigned upon Sodom and upon Gomorrah,

Starting point is 00:42:12 brimstone and fire from the Lord out of heaven. Scaligerian history locates this event somewhere in modern Mesopotamian. The first idea that one gets in the respect is the assumption of a volcanic eruption. But there are no volcanoes in this area. It seems natural to search for these cities in some area that does have volcanoes. However, the search is still conducted in Mesopotamia with great effort and no results whatsoever. And finally, a solution is reached. The southern part of the Dead Sea appears to conceal some debris resembling tree trunks

Starting point is 00:42:53 under a 400-meter layer of very salted water, a very salty water, of poor. transparency. This has sufficed for the American archaeologist D. Finnegan as well as W. Keller after him to claim that the valley of Sidim, together with the charred remains of both cities, had submerged. The Bible scholar and historian Martin Noth states explicitly that there is no reason to ascribe the destruction of the cities found by the archaeologist in Palestine to the Israeli invasion in search of the so-called promised land. As it was noted above from the archaeological point of view, the entire Scaligerian interpretation of the conquest of Canaan by Joshua, the son of none, become suspended in thin air. Are we conducting our search for the

Starting point is 00:43:51 biblical promised land in the correct place? Could the troops of Joshua have been predominantly active elsewhere. It is further written that no archaeological proof of any biblical report of the epic of the judges exists to this day. All the judges' names contained in the Old Testament aren't known from any other source and weren't found on any archaeological artifacts from either Palestine or any other country. This concerns the names of the first kings, Sal, David, and Solomon. Scaligerian history convinces us that Noah's Ark had moored to Mount Erarat in the Caucasus. Werner Keller assures us that the Armenian village of Basit still keeps the legend of a shepherd who saw a large wooden vessel on the mount. The Turkish expedition of 1833 mentioned some ship

Starting point is 00:44:49 made of wood that was seen over the southern glacier. Keller proceeds to tell us that in 1892 a certain Dr. Nuri was leading an expedition in search of the sources of the Euphrates and saw a fragment of a ship on the way back which was filled with snow and dark red on the outside. The Russian aviator officer Rostovitsky claimed to have seen the arch remnants from his airplane during the First World War. Tsar Nikolai II is supposed to have commanded an entire expedition there, which had not only been. only seen, but also photographed the remains of the art. The American historian and missionary Aaron Smith from Greenboro, an expert in the problem of the Great Deluge, wrote a history of Noah's Ark mentioning 80,000 publications on the topic. Finally, a scientific expedition was arranged.

Starting point is 00:45:48 In 1951, Smith spent 12 days on top of Mount Ararat with 40 of his colleagues. They found nothing. Nevertheless, he made the following claim. Even though we failed to find so much as a trace of Noah, my trust in the biblical tale of the deluge had only become firmer. We shall yet return. In 1952, the expedition of Jean de Rieger obtained similar results. This somewhat anecdotal account here merely scratches the surface of the problem of geographical

Starting point is 00:46:25 locations that is so acute for Scaligerian chronology, as it were. Herbert Hogg, in his foreword to Cyrus Gordon's book, Historical Foundations of the Old Testament, credits the author with the following. His aim isn't apologetic, which makes him quite unlike other authors that drown the bookmarket and paperbacks attempting to prove the Bible by jumbling together all sorts of sensationalist proof received from ancient oriental sources. Various museums, institutes and universities send expeditions to the Middle East for biblical excavations. Great sums of money are invested in such excavations and a great many special societies and funds have been found. with the sole purpose of conducting archaeological research in the Scaligerian biblical countries.

Starting point is 00:47:30 The first one of these institutions was the Research Fund of Palestine, founded in 1865. Currently, there are about 20 similar organizations in existence. Among them, we find the American Institute for Oriental Studies, the Jerusalem affiliate of the Vatican Institute of Bible Studies. and the Israeli research society. No other region of the planet has been studied by archaeologists with such intensity as the Scaligerian biblical territories. A great variety of literature is published on this subject, as well, special magazines, monographs, atlases, and albums for the popularization of biblical archaeology.

Starting point is 00:48:17 The biblical topic is often given priority at the expense of other archaology. archaeological issues, the prominent Soviet historian who studied the antiquity Academian Viz Struve has got the following to say about it. The excavations in Egypt and Babylonia were only of interest to the bourgeois science since they could be linked to Palestine. In order to find the funding needed for the excavations, the historians had to prove that an ancient copy of the Bible could be unearthed as a result of their research, or the sandals of Moses, mayhap, and then the monies were provided instantly. The following example is a very representative. In the early 20th century, a tablet archive was found in the city of Uma, Mesopotamia.

Starting point is 00:49:14 But since Uma isn't mentioned in the Bible, and no enthusiastic entrepreneur could identify it as some biblical town, the excavations in Umo were stopped, and the archives scattered without even being studied. The tablets were sold to Parisian collectors for one franc per piece. Archaeology, as well as historical science in general, can find no proof of the biblical legend about the Egyptian slavery of the Jews. The Egyptologist Wilhelm Spielberg tells us that what the Bible reports about the plight of Israel in Egypt isn't any more of a historical fact than the accounts of Egyptian history related by Herodotus. The state wrote that any way it is clear that the research concerning the Pharaoh, under whose rule Israel moved into Europe and left it represents nothing but the juggling of names and dates void of all meaning. Let us repeat our question. Could an altogether different country be described by the name Egypt? The Bible lists a great many geographical locations

Starting point is 00:50:30 that the people of Israel visited during their 40 years of wandering after the exodus from Egypt. The archaeologists still fail to find these locations where the Scaligerian history places their biblical descriptions. Wright says that few sites on the way to Mount Sinai can be identified with any degree of certainty. V. State wrote that checking the itinerary of Israel has as much sense as, say, tracking the way of the Burgundians return from King Etzel as described in the Nebulungnide. The Egyptologist W. Spielberg quotes this statement saying that, that we can still sign under every word of states, and that the depiction of events following the Exodus,

Starting point is 00:51:23 the listing of the sites where stops were made, the crossing of the desert, all of this is fiction. Many sites that were considered to have been on the itinerary of the Israelis were excavated thoroughly and intensively for a long time now. No traces have ever been found. The biblical account of the destruction of Jericho is well known. One of the Arabic settlements in the Middle East had been arbitrarily identified as the biblical Jericho,

Starting point is 00:52:06 whose walls were destroyed by the sounds of the horn. The settlement has been subject to thorough excavations since the endeavors of Selen, Watsinger and Garstang in the late 19th century. There were no results. In 1952, an Anglo-American archaeological expedition, led by Kathleen Kenyon, ventured to continue Garstag's research. No justifications for identifying the excavated town of Jericho have ever been found. Wright wrote that the information received about Jericho was called disappointing.

Starting point is 00:52:52 And it is true. Not only is it hard to interpret the biblical tale of Jericho, one cannot so much as trace the outline of the tradition's history. The Jericho issue is more problematic today than ever. The Bible says that after Jericho, the Israelis destroyed the city of a the site where this city was supposed to have been located according to the calculations made by the historians has also been subject to fundamental research yet again the results have failed to satisfy the german archaeologist and specialist in biblical history

Starting point is 00:53:37 anton jerko expresses his grief over the futility of the Jericho excavations and proceeds to describe those of AI as afflicted by an even greater discrepancy between the report of the conquest of AI that ensued and the results of the excavations. According to the Bible, the capital of Judea in the reign of King Saul was the city of Ghibe. The historians have given birth to a hypothesis identifying it as the ruins excavated in the Tell L. Full Hill 6 kilometers the north of modern Jerusalem.

Starting point is 00:54:30 However, it is conceded that not a single inscription was found in town and no clear evidence that the ruins belong. to Saul's palace or a tower that he built but had Saul's palace really been built there conclusion archaeological research shows that the books of the Old Testament have known archaeological proof of their localization and dating as suggested by the Scaligerian tradition thus the entire Mesopotamia biblical theory becomes questionable.

Starting point is 00:55:18 Archaeology and the New Testament. The traditional localization of the events described in the New Testament isn't in any better condition. The lack of archaeological proof of the Scaligerian localization of the New Testament is explained by the fact that Jerusalem was destroyed in the years 66 to 73. and that the Jews had been forbidden to come anywhere near the city. Scaligerian history is of the opinion that Jerusalem can be located at the settlement that the locals call El Cudds, whose site used to be perfectly barren before, also known as Alia Capitolina, Ilina Capitolina.

Starting point is 00:56:15 It was after the passage of some time that the ancient Jerusalem was reborn here, the historical remnants of biblical times, shown to tourists today, such as the wailing wall, etc. Do not hold up to even minimal scientific criticism in full absence of historical and archaeological proof. Figure 1.36 shows an ancient miniature, allegedly dating from 1470. That depicts the pillaging of Jerusalem by the Syrian king Antiochus Epiphan. Pages 164-165. As we can see, the medieval author of the miniature, didn't hesitate to represent Jerusalem as a typically medieval town with gothic buildings and towers.

Starting point is 00:57:21 And all the warriors wearing medieval plate armor. Isn't that interesting? One must emphasize that the versions exist apart from the Scaligerian. The Catholic Church, for instance, has been claiming the very house, that Virgin Mary had lived in and where Archangel Gabriel appeared before her to have been located in the Italian town of Loretto since the 13th century, which means that the Catholic version transfers a part of evangelical events to Italy. The earliest document concerning the Loretto House is the bowl issued by Pope Urban the sixth, dated the 1387.

Starting point is 00:58:19 In 1891, Pope Leo the 13th issued an encyclical in celebrating of the 600 years of Loretto's miracle. Thus the miracle is dated to the 13th century AD. Historians mark that Loretto remains a holy pilgrimage place for the Catholics to this day. A. Y. Lensman tells us the following in the search for St. Peter's sepulture. For instance, in 1940, the excavations sanctioned by Pope Pius the 12th were commenced under the Vatican Crips, and their peak fell on the post-war years. In the late 1940s, a solemn statement was made, by the press, especially the Catholic press, since the excavations must have been expensive, that not only the burial spot of the Apostle Peter was found, but his remains as well.

Starting point is 00:59:30 An objective analysis of the results of Vatican excavations demonstrated all of these claims to have been false. Pope Pius even had to make a radio announcement on the 24th of of December 1950 where he had acknowledged the impossibility of making any voracious claims about the unearthed human bones belonging to the apostle. The location of the town of Emma Manus, near which Jesus is said to have appeared before his disciples after the resurrection defies all attempts of being determined. The place of the transfiguration of Jesus, Mount Tabor, also remains impossible to locate. Even the location of Golgotha is doubted by historians.

Starting point is 01:00:33 Sack in his Gesheite des undergings der Antiquin Welt, History of the Ancient World's Decline 3, wrote that we have no intention of picturing his earthly destiny all the issues of the origins of Christianity are so complex that we are glad to have the opportunity and the right to leave them well alone

Starting point is 01:01:02 a convenient stance and one that has got absolutely nothing to do with science the archaeologist schweggler sums up in the following way This is where the tragedy begins for the believer whose primary need is to know the place on earth where his Savior had lived and suffered. But it is the location of this place of his Christ's death that remains covered in impenetrable darkness. If we are to think in archaeological categories, apparently there is no possibility of determining the location of the cities of Nazareth and Kaperna as well as that of Golgotha, etc.

Starting point is 01:01:53 On the territory of modern Palestine, we shall quote the following noteworthy observation to sum it up. Reading the literature related to evangelical archaeology leaves a strange impression. Tens and hundreds of pages are devoted to the descriptions of how the ex-convests. were organized. What the location of the site and the objects relevant to the research looked like, the historical and biblical background for this research, etc. And the final part, the one that is supposed to cover the result of the research, just contains a number of insubstantial and obviously embarrassed phrases about how the problem was not solved. But there's still hope, etc. It can be said categorically and with all certainty that not a single event described

Starting point is 01:02:55 in the New Testament has any valid archaeological basis for it. This is perfectly true in what concerns the identity and the biography of Jesus Christ. There is no proof for the location of any of the places where the evangelical events are traditionally supposed to have occurred. We ask yet again, is it correct to search for the traces of the events described in the New Testament in the Middle Eastern Palestine? Could they have been taken place somewhere else? Could they have taken place somewhere else? Well, my friends, that's going to be it for this edition here.

Starting point is 01:03:49 It's, uh, I'll tell you what, it's a real head scratcher. And it's fun to think about it. I hope it has provided you with about an hour of not having to think about anything else. So until the next one, my friends, I hope you have something to do, Something to look forward to. Someone to love. Aloha.

TrueLife - History: Science or Fiction Reading 3

There aren't comments yet for this episode. Click on any sentence in the transcript to leave a comment.