What A Day - Introducing Shadow Kingdom: Coal Survivor

Episode Date: September 1, 2025

The What A Day team is off. But we’re excited to bring you the first episode of Season 2 of Crooked’s award-winning limited series, Shadow Kingdom: Coal Survivor.On New Year’s Eve 1969, Jock Yab...lonski, a union hero, is mysteriously gunned down in his bed. Jock’s son is convinced the head of the United Mine Workers’ Union is behind it. But why, and can he prove it? Decades later, lawyer Nicolo Majnoni embarks on a journey to uncover who killed Jock and discovers a conspiracy at the heart of the union.Shadow Kingdom is a series from Crooked Media and Campside Media. Each season begins with a crime, and as the layers are peeled back to uncover the perpetrator, a larger system at play is revealed.Get early access to the full season by joining Crooked’s Friends of the Pod at crooked.com/friends or subscribe directly on the Shadow Kingdom Apple Podcasts feed. 

Transcript
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Starting point is 00:00:00 Hey, it's Jane here. I'm excited to share with you the newest season of our limited series made in partnership with Campside Media that we know you'll love. Shadow Kingdom, Coal Survivor. In 1972, American coal miners cast a historic vote, not just for new union leadership, but against the corruption and violence that had taken over their organization. Months later, their ousted boss, Tony Boyle, stood trial for ordering the murder of his rival, Jacques LeBlancke and his family. Coal Survivor is the unbelievable. true story of how Tony Boyle, head of one of the most powerful labor unions in the country, was taken down by a crew of young, working-class organizers who fought like their lives depended on
Starting point is 00:00:39 it, because they did. At the center of it all is Chip LeBlonsky, Jock's son and the sole survivor of the attack. Along with a crew of friends and allies, Chip set out to reform the union from the inside. I love this show because it has tape, original reporting, and voices no one has heard before. It's like peeling back the layers of a cold case that changed the entire country. Here is the first episode of the series. If you enjoy this episode, you can binge all episodes
Starting point is 00:01:06 by subscribing to Friends of the Pod at crooked.com slash friends. Friends of the pod subscribers can listen to the full season of Shadow Kingdom right now. Join Friends of the pod at crooked.com slash friends. It had been a long year for Jock Yablonski, maybe the longest year of his life.
Starting point is 00:01:35 And it had come at the end of a long and tumultuous decade. It was November of 1969. Jock was tired, so he did what he always did at 11 p.m. He sat back in his recliner, closed most of the curtains in his Pennsylvania farmhouse, and he turned on the evening news. Barry Burns in the KVKA television news role. Jock was so immersed in the news that he didn't notice the man lurking outside his house,
Starting point is 00:02:09 the man who had been sent to kill him, a man named Paul Gilly. He'd been hunting Jock Yablonsky for weeks by then. And now he'd made his way to Jock's home, isolated in rural Clarksville, Pennsylvania. This is from an interview I did a few years ago with Paul. I drove into Clarksville, my little town there where he lived. I parked up on that hill, just above his house, just up on the hill above it.
Starting point is 00:02:42 Holding a World War II rifle, the hitman crept up Jock's porch, watching him through the window, taking in his mark. Jock looked exactly as he'd been described to Paul. He was short, heavy set. And big bushy eyebrows, and he's gray-headed, mostly gray. The two men had never met. Paul had never even heard of Jock before his father-in-law asked him to kill the man. This man, with the bushy eyebrows, reclining now in front of the news. I didn't know who he was. I didn't know any of them.
Starting point is 00:03:20 And my father-in-law's one that told me about him. He told me Yubonsky was trying to wreck the union. and if they wanted to get rid of him. His father-in-law said Jock was trying to wreck the union, the coal miners' union, one of the most powerful institutions in America at the time. At his peak, a union with nearly 500,000 members, one with so much sway that its president could storm into the White House without an appointment. Jock Yablonsky had been a union leader for 27 years,
Starting point is 00:03:56 He knew the rules. You don't question the union ever. The union was as untouchable as it was powerful. But Jock had become worried about the direction his beloved union was taking. So he'd done the unthinkable. He'd begun to publicly criticize the union, pushing for a change, for a revolution even. It had become a contentious, public battle.
Starting point is 00:04:26 Headline news. So as Jock tilted back in his recliner, oblivious to the armed man outside, he might have heard his own name on TV. Di Blonsky says the miners want to change. The coal miners in this country want to be treated like the other industrial workers. The killer held his gun, staring point-blank at Jock. One minute ticked by, then another, then another. There was movement in the house, possibly Jock's wife doing the dishes.
Starting point is 00:05:02 Paul Gilead was a house painter, not an assassin. He barely had it in him to kill Jock. He definitely couldn't kill Jock's wife, too. So Paul backed away from Jock's house. This would have to be just a dress rehearsal, a scouting trip. But it wasn't the end. Their paths would cross again and again against a ticking clock. A race between a reluctant killer and a revolutionary.
Starting point is 00:05:31 From crooked media and campside media, this is Shadow Kingdom, Cole Survivor. Episode 1, The Invisible Crown. I'm your host, Nicola Minone. Detention, you could cut it, you could see it. His eyes inventory the world from behind satanic brothers. There is only one instance. that the coal miners can depend upon. This is going to be a showdown.
Starting point is 00:06:02 Boyle doing nothing for the widows. Boyle doing nothing for the pensioners. That son of a bitch will rule the day that this happened. Several years ago, I did something impulsive. I quit my job to make a podcast. It all began when my friend Mario gave me a lead about the death of Roberto Calvi, aka God's banker. That lead turned into a multi-year odyssey to find Calvies killer,
Starting point is 00:06:32 which involved mafia soldiers, spies, and far-right terrorists. And while I was investigating God's banker, another story came across my radar, a story that hit close to home. You see, I grew up hearing the story of Jok Yablonski's revolution because his son, Chip, is a family friend. Chip and his buddies got involved in his dad's revolution way back in the 60s
Starting point is 00:06:57 and pretty much every Thanksgiving since they get together, have a little too much to drink and retell the story. A story about secret assassins and a rebellion that rocked the American labor movement. I was a teenager at those Thanksgiving dinners,
Starting point is 00:07:15 so I mostly ignored them. I figured they were either exaggerating or tipsy or both, but recently Chip got sick. and I heard that he wanted to record his side of the story. I had microphones and audio editing software already, so I figured it was worth a shot to reach out. And a bit to my surprise, Chip agreed. We talked for hours and hours, which turned into days and days,
Starting point is 00:07:47 and his story sounded unbelievable. But the more I researched, the more I followed up with eyewitnesses, the more obsessed I became. This all went beyond unions and politics and family dramas. There's a question at the heart of this story that captured my imagination. How do you take back power when bullies have hijacked the system? The answer to that question is this story. A story of how one of the most influential unions in American history
Starting point is 00:08:24 turned murderous and remade itself. A story that'll take us through one of the largest FBI manhunts ever into men so powerful they could cripple the U.S. economy with one phone call. For one man, my friend Chip, it's just the story of his father.
Starting point is 00:08:44 Stay with us. The stage was set for Jock Yablonski's revolution. On an actual stage, in Florida, in 1964, five years before Paul Gilly stood outside Jock's home with a gun. Union delegates had gathered near Miami for their big convention, as they did every four years. They discussed pressing issues at these conventions. Pass new union rules, drank a lot.
Starting point is 00:09:20 And at this particular convention, a spark would be lit. The first spark of Jock's revolution. The first moment he began to split with the union he'd loved and served for almost 30 years. It was the detention. You could cut it. You could see it. It was like one pebble after another. And it started, I trace it back to the 1964 convention. This is Jock's nephew, Stephen Yablonski. Jock stood in the ballroom of the Americana hotel
Starting point is 00:09:54 as his fellow union members gathered buzzing. This year's convention would be on the evening news, the country watching, Congress watching, the White House too. This was a day most people had never seen. It was a day that Jock Yablonski felt like he'd been waiting for for half of his lifetime. After more than 40 years, the head of the United Mine Workers, the UMW, was finally retiring.
Starting point is 00:10:23 And he'd chosen his replacement. It came to two possible heirs, Jock or Jock's rival, Tony Boyle. So this moment was a convention, but it was also a coronation, the crowning of a new king. And if king sounds like hyperbole, then you haven't met Jock.
Starting point is 00:10:50 boss, John L. Lewis. You can't find a description of John L. Lewis that doesn't sound biblical. His jaw is massive. His hair a lion's mane. And his eyes inventory the world from behind satanic brows. That's right, satanic brows. John L. had the ear of the president. He could summon members of Congress at any time. How? Because this was a man who had the power to turn off the power to the entire United States with one word, strike. He ruled over the coal miners for decades, but he also reshaped American laborer far beyond the mines. If you've heard of the AFL-CIO, he created the CIO, presiding over in America where one-third of workers were in a union. He was a force behind minimum wage laws, the eight-hour
Starting point is 00:11:47 Workday, Employer Health Care, John L. won so many battles for coal miners, they near worshipped him. Here's a former miner, Bill Tattersall. When I grew up in the coal fields, every house had three pictures on the wall. One was of Jesus, and one was of Franklin Delano Roosevelt, and one was of John L. Lewis. In inverse order, John L. Lewis was their God. So, whomever John L. was about to appoint as his heir at the convention would be stepping into the shoes of not exactly Jesus, but not not Jesus. Jock watched anxiously from the convention floor as one by one, people lauded his boss's remarkable career.
Starting point is 00:12:37 He is God's instrument on this earth. Stand with Abraham Lincoln as the emancipator of the working people. Forever enshrined as king in our hearts. Jock Yablonsky worshipped John L. Lewis, perhaps even more deeply than most. After all, John L. had plucked him from relative obscurity to be his right-hand man. Jock started running coal as a teenager, then began to help local mines to unionize when he was in his early 20s. Very quickly, he climbed the UMW ranks. He was elected unanimously to chair his local office, then to run the largest district in the union.
Starting point is 00:13:16 The miners loved him. Which is not to say Jock was a saint. You wouldn't want to screw with him. Jock's son there, my friend Chip. And I take it that over the years there probably were people that regretted having done so. But it just was a connection that he made with people. Jock had a magnetic sort of charisma. He was tough enough to tumble with the minors, but he was unquestionably sincere.
Starting point is 00:13:44 so naturally good at diffusing fights and galvanizing supporters that John L. Lewis started to rely on Jock as this sort of Secretary of State, the diplomat of coal. Like, he dispatched Jock to the coal fields after mining accidents. Jock's nephew, Stephen, again. He would be there for days when something like that happened. Like literally days? Yes.
Starting point is 00:14:08 Jock's own father died in a mining accident, and his mother was denied survivor benefits, which risked sending the family. into desperate poverty. So perhaps, Jock was trying to do on to others what no one had done for his grieving mother. I represent the union, and I care. I care deeply.
Starting point is 00:14:27 On the other hand, there was Jock's rival, Tony Boyle. The two could not be more different. Go to a Jock Yablonsky speech, and you'd see a man with a suit jacket off, sleeves rolled up, roaring out in that gravelly voice. of his.
Starting point is 00:14:45 That there is only one institution that the coal miners can depend upon. And that institution is right here. The United Mine Workers of America. Go to a Tony Boyle speech for a drier performance. First, the Labor Department
Starting point is 00:15:06 called the president of this union and asked if he would serve on a committee. Where Jock was a bull of a guy, short, but with a linebacker's neck and presence, Tony was a physically small man, but also puffed up, his demeanor like a balloon, just one breath of air from popping, always on edge, his eyebrows forever creased downward in a V like the Grinch. But it's likely Tony Boyle felt similar feelings as Jock did, as he too sat watching the
Starting point is 00:15:42 praise rained down on John L. Lewis, the outgoing president. Because Tony had also been plucked from obscurity by John L. Lewis. But kind of for the opposite reason. Where John L. looked to Jock as his secretary of state, he looked at Tony as his sort of secretary of defense. Because Tony loved a good fight. Tony's family immigrated from Scotland to Montana trying to catch the gold rush, but they just missed it. So they found. found coal mining and poverty instead. Tony was desperate to escape his family's fate and quickly climbed out of the mines and up the union ladder,
Starting point is 00:16:21 making a name for himself by being the guy you could send in to fight a rival union. See, before John L took over the UMW, there were several unions for coal miners, and these unions would compete for members like rival gangs. The way the UMW became the mine workers' union was by aggressively eliminating. the other unions, often through physical force. Tony was one of John L.'s favorite soldiers.
Starting point is 00:16:51 Everywhere a rival union popped up, he would dispatch Tony to battle them. This is an ally of Tony's, talking about the time Tony fought a rival union in Montana. They kicked his ribs loose. They knocked his teeth out, fighting for the United Mine Workers of America. He won't tell you these things, but I know. Tony would absolutely tell you these things. He'd loved the fight. The man good at inflicting wounds for the union,
Starting point is 00:17:24 against the man good at healing them. This was the choice John L. Lewis had to make, whether to hand off his immense power to jock, his Secretary of State, or Tony, his Secretary of Defense. So it's no wonder the Convention Hall was buzzing that day. And these were always lively affairs. The one time in four years some of these men ever saw each other. Days of food, booze, live music, as much a party as a convention.
Starting point is 00:17:53 Strikes be over, celebrate. Drink and drinking, take and strike and business. But I imagine the convention hall quieted as the time came for the coronation. Jock and Tony fidgeting in their corners of the hotel ballroom. It would be a choice that mattered in that moment. more than it might have even a decade before. New forms of fuel were encroaching on coal, making coal jobs more scarce.
Starting point is 00:18:21 And the jobs that did exist were increasingly done by machines. Plus, new mining methods were injuring miners at much higher rates. Most troubling of all, a terrifying disease called Black Lung was killing thousands of miners across the coal fields. And so the lives of the miners hung in the balance. As, after 40 years at the helm, John L. Lewis gave up his throne to Mr. W.A. Tony Boyle. Therefore, be it resolved that this convention assembled pledged our unaltering allegiance to Mr. W.A. Boyle as he wears an invisible crown. jock looked on with a sense of resigned bitterness as his rival took the stage
Starting point is 00:19:14 bands playing raucous music as the miners gave Tony a 50-minute standing ovation conference staff handed out souvenir alarm clocks zippo lighters and transistor radios to the miners all stamped with Tony's name and picture as the applause died down the floor was open to questions A chance for people to ask questions to their leader, a chance to learn what kind of a king, Tony, would be. There were microphones stationed around the room. Jock's nephew, Stephen, again. Minors lined up and started asking questions.
Starting point is 00:19:52 We paid dues, assessments, and sport our union. However, we are not allowed to vote for or against any officers of our district. This was one of the most contentious questions in the union, democracy, whether the miners should be allowed to elect the leaders of their districts. You can think of the union like the U.S. and districts like states.
Starting point is 00:20:17 Technically, union democracy is a legal right under federal law, but outgoing president John L. Lewis had believed democracy was too messy, that the union needed just a single voice, his voice, in order to beat the powerful coal companies. So, using questionable legalese, John L. took control of nearly all union districts.
Starting point is 00:20:43 It would be like the U.S. president taking over 40 states, handpicking the governors, and taking over state budgets. Jock was pro-democracy, had been elected president of his home district, District 5, one of the very few districts allowed to do this. So he probably nodded as this minor spoke at the mic. But we West Virginia delegates want democracy. Let der Rankin' Fowl have a little say-so instead of being controlled by a few. Tony Boyle, however, was the one taking the reins. And he would not have liked this line of questioning. Tony agreed with John L., especially now that he was the dictator.
Starting point is 00:21:26 He actively campaigned against democracy. We'd be derelict if we didn't tell the delegates here at this convention, our officers up front. that this is how our people feel. As the miners continued their questioning, Jock could see a different group of people approach the microphone. Around each microphone, there were two guys who wore white hard hats, minor's hats,
Starting point is 00:21:56 with a decal saying loyal to boil. Loyal to boil. It was like a collective intake of breath in the room. The man at the mic continued. And he started to question, loyal. We're not satisfied. And he was jerked away from the microphone and beaten with clubs. Tony's men beat him with clubs.
Starting point is 00:22:21 Beat him for opposing the new leadership. Beat him until he was so bloody, they had the call a recess. I mean, it was ugly. It felt like a warning shot from the new king, as if to say, hey, Jock, you were. lost. I'm in charge now. Do not forget that. Jock and Tony had worked together for decades alongside John O. Lewis. They didn't love each other, but they'd work together just fine. It didn't look like that was going to continue. As
Starting point is 00:22:55 if to underscore his point, Tony prepared a special musical number for the close of the convention. I got a, well, I got a request here from your president. He asked me for a song called Harlan County Boys, but I sing it. Any Harlan County folks there? The boys of Harlan County, Kentucky were no boys. They were the mafia of the coal mines. They'd killed dozens of police, coal operators, and rival union gangs to ensure the supremacy of John L. Lewis's union. It appeared Tony was turning them into his own private army now.
Starting point is 00:23:32 A lot of the men in those loyal to boil hard hats, We're from Harlan County. And now that we're getting a serenade commissioned by Union President Tony Boyle. Which side are you on? Which side are you on? Which side are you on? Which side are you on?
Starting point is 00:23:58 My daddy was a minor. I'm a minor son. I'll stick with the union till every battle's won. Which side are you on? Which side are you won? It all seemed so petty, so unnecessary to Jock. He wasn't happy Tony got the job,
Starting point is 00:24:26 but he had no intention of challenging him. After all, Jock was just a year from retirement. He had a stake in a local racetrack, loved opera, was close with his wife and kids. Plus, he was deeply loyal, if not to boil, to the union. So for cohesion's sake, he'd plan to just tuck his tail between his legs
Starting point is 00:24:45 and ride into the sunset on his pension. But then Tony beat the hell out of guys from Jock's district. And so he left the convention fuming, the first match lit, the first step toward revolution. So at that point, it became clear that there was a break. He'd have to fight the union
Starting point is 00:25:07 head on to change things. He'd have to take on his new boss, the king, Tony Boyle. The Florida Convention was over. Hotel staff were sweeping up confetti and flyers with Tony's face on them. On the beach, Jock Yablonski was making peace with his defeat. He'd lost the union crown to Tony. Okay, but he was still president of his local district.
Starting point is 00:25:50 Maybe he'd let it go. Let Tony be Tony. But flying back to Pennsylvania, he just couldn't. He kept looking into this mysterious disease that was popping up. people were calling it black lung like the plague and what he found enraged him
Starting point is 00:26:11 perhaps the story would have ended here with a disappointed jock and a powerful Tony had it not been for black lung disease miners desperately needed Tony to help them they kind of felt like only Tony could help them because there was something fairly unique
Starting point is 00:26:32 about the coal industry at that time. Normally, if you worked for a coal company back then... You lived in a coal camp, and I didn't know the difference, you know, until I got up in years. That's a minor named Eddie Burke. And the difference is this. By coal camps, he means a town. But a town owned by, controlled by, even named after, the coal company you worked for. The company's name was carbon fuel.
Starting point is 00:27:00 And, you know, the coal camp was named by, carbon, West Virginia. It would be like growing up in FedEx, West Virginia, where everything in the town is owned by FedEx. You go to FedEx Elementary School, your kids play at FedEx Community Park. And you had a company store, a doctor's office, the swimming pool, a beauty shop. And there were whole regions like this dotted with coal towns. So your kids' regional soccer championship would be something like FedEx Junior High versus UPS middle school.
Starting point is 00:27:32 The company controlled everything. And this wasn't always great. For instance, sure, you could go to the company store down the street, but it was nothing compared to the nearest supermarket, 50 miles outside of town. You just had more of a variety. The prices were cheaper out in the real world. But if you had a problem with that or anything else... Well, I mean, you didn't have a mayor.
Starting point is 00:27:59 If you had any problems, you'd go to somebody in... upper management, you know, they controlled everything. Including medical care. If you had a cold or you had the flu or whatever you had, you go to the company doctor. Eddie and his family didn't have much cause to call the company doctor until he was about 15. That's when Eddie started to notice a change in his otherwise vibrant dad who worked in the local coal mine. Couldn't hunt like he used to. He walked up a flight of steps, have to stop, catch him. his breath like taking the deep breaths you know and then you know sort of fighting to get some
Starting point is 00:28:38 air in there you know that's uh it's really bad eddy's dad's lungs were drawing in air but weren't getting any like he was drowning a little bit every day but on land lungs look tough but the way they get oxygen to us is through these really fragile little conveyors each is like a millionth of an inch wide and coal dust scars them a little each time you inhale it until one day your lungs are as porous as fishing nets and the air goes right through them and as tens of thousands of coal miners like eddy's dad found themselves gasping for air they went to the company doctor the company doctors were telling them it's a coincidence happenstance that a large swath of men who can't breathe, just happen to be coal miners. They'd be told it's probably just asthma.
Starting point is 00:29:33 Or the company doctors suggested that the miners perhaps smoke a little less. Just, you know, relax miners. Here's a coal executive. We have frankly been surprised at a great amount of tension about this disease. A disease that became known as black lung. But since this disease didn't exist, when people like Eddie's dad died of it, the company would refuse to pay survivor benefits. Because, you know, it wasn't the company's fault. So he gets nothing.
Starting point is 00:30:10 There's nobody, his survivor widow gets nothing. And that just, that's just wrong. There's something wrong there. So minors like Eddie, stonewalled by the coal companies and their doctors, of course, began to petition the union for help in pressuring the companies to address this problem. You know, the company's only going to give out what the union makes them do. So I like me and four or five others,
Starting point is 00:30:34 hell, let's go down in the union office in Charleston, find out what was going on. Outside a convention in the real world, this is the moment a union is made for. Jock and Tony's union was here to protect workers from harm when no one else would. And look, coal companies were huge at the time. The power grid, it relied on coal. And almost no one realized how dirty it was to burn. And these workers need their union, perhaps more than any other union in America, because these workers are completely captive to the companies that own their towns,
Starting point is 00:31:13 their schools, their doctors. And so the miners like Eddie started to gather in protest all across the coal fields. But not the kind of protest you might expect. At first glance, it almost looked like a union meeting. locals of the United Mineworkers from all over the state were there, but in defiance of the Union. To the miners, the Union has been dragging its feet on black lung just as much as the coal operators.
Starting point is 00:31:38 These protests were not organized by the Union. They were in defiance of the Union. As men like Eddie went to their local union offices and asked for help, they said, well, you're not getting them, you know, just basically told us to get the hell out. Get the hell out and shut the hell up. Just like at the convention, when Jock's support, as for more local democracy.
Starting point is 00:31:57 One minor told an NBC reporter about pleading with the union for help. We ask them, try to get them to help us. And they just turn us down. Tell them, they're going to stick their neck out for us. But their hands are tied. We can't help you. Because the union said, our hands are tied.
Starting point is 00:32:13 Well, who's tied their hands? Did they tell you? No, I wouldn't tell it. They could not get a straight answer from the union, which is to say from Tony Boyle. These protests went on for years, with Jock becoming more and more outspoken. Yet, as time went on, Tony Boyle kept to his routine.
Starting point is 00:32:45 Almost every day, Tony woke up and looked at a picture of himself. He hung pictures of himself in the bedroom, pictures of Tony in the bathroom, pictures of Tony in the bathroom, pictures of Tony in the living room and all these portraits of Tony would watch him as he got dressed in colorful shirts and wide mod ties. Tony would reapply his light brown hair dye
Starting point is 00:33:06 around a mostly bald head and he might kiss his daughter, also named Tony, goodbye. Then Tony Boyle would be driven to the downtown D.C. headquarters in his black Cadillac and walk up a marble staircase to his office closed off to visitors by a brass gate.
Starting point is 00:33:23 On his way, He'd try making dirty jokes to secretaries, but he'd forget the punchlines. He'd refer to himself in the third person, muttering, they're all out to get Tony Boyle. Tony Boyle would spend most of the day alone in his office. He was prone to insecurity that festered as people compared him to the labor god, John L. Lewis. After he was elected, he negotiated a horrible contract. Chip Yablonsky, Jock's son again. And he resented the minors.
Starting point is 00:33:54 who thought he hadn't done a good job. As Tony started getting beat up in the press about these contracts, he began responding ever erratically, trying his hand at, I don't know, slam poetry. Boyle's doing nothing for the widows. Boyle doing nothing for the pensioners. I'll give you this. I'll give you that. I'll give you pie.
Starting point is 00:34:20 If I can reach high enough in the sky, in the sweet by and by. As Tony kept himself isolated, his insecurity spiraling, Jock was spending more and more time with the miners across the coal fields, almost doubling down on his secretary of state role after he'd lost the presidency. And as he traveled, increasingly, he watched men like Eddie Burke's father struggle to breathe and be ignored by the man who'd sworn to protect them. More and more, it troubled him.
Starting point is 00:34:56 He couldn't get past the fact that he had devoted his life to that union. And he really cared about these men, and it tore him apart. So on the doorstep of his retirement, instead of peacefully gliding into the sunset, Jock chose to dive into the fight, to break publicly with the union he'd been loyal to for decades. Jock started speaking out, in favor of the Black Lung laws Tony was resisting.
Starting point is 00:35:24 In every coal mining state in America, to get proper compensation for people who are suffering from co-workers' pneumocomialists. Now, I know that the operators invited to fight these things. Working alongside miners, Jock became a leader in the campaign to pass Black Lung Laws, lending what power he still had to the rank and file. Against Tony Boyle's direct orders,
Starting point is 00:35:48 Jock managed to get black lung legislation passed in the Pennsylvania legislature and had the governor sign it. But a committee of doctors is convinced enough about the danger of coal dust to take action. For weeks, having voted in the affirmative, I declare the bill will take the fact. For as long as there have been coal mines,
Starting point is 00:36:14 men have been dying of black lung. Now, for the first time, This was being officially acknowledged because of Jock and in spite of Tony. And so Tony does an about face and goes on the offensive. He starts publicly telling anyone who would listen, hey, I've been fighting four black lung laws all along. The union has been trying desperately to get these things past session after session. But the miners knew the truth.
Starting point is 00:36:43 They knew that it was Jock who had supported them in their time of need. Jock had always been popular with them. them. He was a man of the people. And so, privately, Tony's natural insecurity started to spin into a sort of paranoia and anger at Jock. Tony started having Jock tracked. He sent men on his payroll to Jock's district, and in the shadows they begin to monitor him, his movement, his finances. Tony exiled Jock's brother, who was a union leader in nearby Ohio, sent him to a post in Colorado. He scrambled to reassure the union brass,
Starting point is 00:37:22 I've Jock under my control. He even started asking Jock to introduce him at public appearances in these really groveling ways. And remember, at this point, Jock is still a loyal union man in need of a pension. So even though he's privately clashing with Tony on Black Lung, publicly he's in line. Tony Boyle has moved the mine workers of America.
Starting point is 00:37:45 forward to a greater degree than any other president of any labor organization anywhere in the world. But none of this seemed to hurt the growing bond between Jock Yablonsky and the miners grateful for his black lunk support. In fact, it only continued to grow.
Starting point is 00:38:10 So in June of 1966, Tony called Jock, and asked them to come in from District 5 in Pennsylvania to the UMW headquarters in Washington, D.C. If there was a Rubicon, that probably was as close to it as any other event. Jock's son, Chip, again. He asked me to go to Washington with him. He said, this is going to be a showdown with Boyle.
Starting point is 00:38:37 And he was worried, physically concerned. It's the reason he had asked me to go to D.C. with them, and I waited in the park outside of the mine workers' headquarters. Chip watched his father walk into the headquarters of the union he'd given his life to. And inside, Tony gave Jock an ultimatum. He said, I've been looking into the finances of District 5, and I've noticed some, let's say, irregularities. These were almost definitely trumped up. Tony said, I need you to resign your position as president of District 5.
Starting point is 00:39:19 If you do that, I'll let those irregularities. I'll let them slide. And then the twist of the knife. Tony said, if you won't resign, I'll have no choice but to remove District 5's autonomy. The thing Jock had fought so hard to keep for his men, their freedom, their own little democracy in their little corner of this monarchy.
Starting point is 00:39:46 It seemed like an hour passed until Jock walked out of the headquarters and back to his son, Chip. And my dad said, well, he'd made me sign the letter. I had to give up the district presidency. And as they walked away from the park, the Union Castle looming in the distance, Jock turned to his son and said,
Starting point is 00:40:10 That son of a bitch will rue the day that this happened. The fight over Black Lung was just the first battleground in a war between Jock and Tony. A war that would be fought in the D.C. halls of power and in the depths of mountains. It was a war that would threaten to destroy these men and everyone close to them. That's coming up next on this season of Shadow Kingdom. The FBI tonight is engaged in its most intensive murder investigation since the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King. It's disturbing and evil beyond words to describe. We ask why and who.
Starting point is 00:40:55 They swore us to secrecy. They said, do not tell anybody. I mean, you had a union that basically was under dictatorship for eons. Now you got all this new democracy flowing through the field. I did anything I had to because there was. There's no turning back at this point. Bailey was out there hollering. It jammed, it jammed.
Starting point is 00:41:15 It wouldn't shoot. It wouldn't fart. It was just bam, bam, bam, bam, bam. And I'm saying, hang on, you son of a bitch. I hereby solemnly swear to Almighty God. I will tell the truth the whole truth and nothing but the truth. Well, we're here today to tell everybody that we had done to stay here. Shadow Kingdom is a production of crooked media and campside media.
Starting point is 00:41:47 It's hosted and reported by me, Niccolo Minone. The show is written by Joe Hawthorne, Karen Duffin, and me. Joe Hawthorne is our managing producer. Karen Duffin is our story editor. The associate producers are Rachel Yang and Julie Denichet. Sound design, mix, and mastering by Erica Huang. Our theme song and original score are composed by me and Mark McAdam. Cello performed by Linnea Weiss, with additional sound design support from Mark McAdam.
Starting point is 00:42:16 Studio engineering by Rachel Young and Iwan Lytram Ewan. Fact-checking by Amanda Feynman. Our executive producers are me, Niccolo Minoni, along with Sarah Geismer, Katie Long, Mary Knopf, and Allison Falsetta from Crooked Media. Josh Dean, Adam Hoff, Matt Scher, and Vanessa Gregoriatis are the executive producers in Campside Media. Thanks for checking out. Shadow Kingdom, Cole Survivor. If you love the show as much as we do,
Starting point is 00:42:44 you can listen to full episodes on the Shadow Kingdom feed now or binge all episodes by subscribing to Friends of the Pod at crooked.com slash friends.

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