Ancient Mysteries - Aliens Beneath the Ocean? The Mysterious Friendship Case That Shocked Italy

Episode Date: October 23, 2026

What if something extraordinary has been hiding beneath Earth's oceans for decades?In 1950s Italy, a mysterious series of encounters allegedly brought ordinary people face-to-face with beings who ...claimed to come from other worlds. They spoke perfect Italian, described secret underwater bases, and warned that humanity was approaching a dangerous turning point.In this documentary, we investigate the Friendship Case, also known as the W56 Case — one of the strangest and most fascinating alleged extraterrestrial contact stories in UFO history.The story begins in 1956, when Italian psychologist Bruno Sammaciccia and two companions reportedly encountered two mysterious humanoid beings near an abandoned castle. What followed, according to witnesses, was a secret relationship lasting more than twenty years between a group of Italian citizens and an extraordinary civilization supposedly operating beneath Earth's surface.From mysterious radio communications and disappearing supplies to underground facilities, unexplained lights, and reports of enormous spacecraft emerging from the Adriatic Sea, the Friendship Case contains claims that seem almost impossible to believe.But the mystery goes much deeper.The alleged visitors spoke of ancient civilizations that existed before humanity, a cosmic struggle between opposing extraterrestrial groups, and a hidden conflict that could determine Earth's future.Why did these beings supposedly choose ordinary Italians instead of world leaders? What were they doing beneath the ocean? And why did the mysterious friendship reportedly come to an end in 1978?Through historical accounts, witness testimonies, Cold War history, and skeptical interpretations, we explore the extraordinary claims surrounding this case — separating documented history from speculation and unanswered questions.No independently verified scientific evidence has established that these encounters involved extraterrestrial beings. Yet the Friendship Case remains a remarkable chapter in the history of UFO beliefs, alleged alien contact, and unexplained phenomena.🌊 Secret underwater bases. Twenty years of alleged contact. One extraordinary question: was something hiding beneath the sea?🔔 Subscribe for more documentaries about UFO mysteries, extraterrestrial encounters, unexplained phenomena, ancient civilizations, hidden history, and the greatest mysteries of our world.💬 Do you believe intelligent extraterrestrial beings could be hiding beneath Earth's oceans, or is the Friendship Case an elaborate legend?

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Starting point is 00:00:47 October 1978, the coast of Italy. For weeks, fishermen watch hundreds of lights rise out of the sea and zoom into the sky. Newspapers freak out. But a small group of Italians just stand there and wait. goodbye, because they know exactly what's leaving. They're alien friends, after 20 years of teamwork. Yep, aliens with secret bases under the sea, a strange love for fruit deliveries, and a voice coming out of a kitchen radio with a local accent. So who were these friends? Why did they leave? And how did humans manage to blow it? Before we dive in, smash that like button and drop a comment,
Starting point is 00:01:23 where are you watching from? Let's roll. To understand how a handful of perfectly ordinary Italians ended up waving goodbye to spaceships, we have to rewind the clock by about a quarter of a century and take a good look at the country they lived in. Because this story didn't just drop out of the sky, well technically parts of it did, but the ground it landed on had been prepared for years. Picture Italy at the start of the 1950s. The Second World War ended only a few years earlier, and the country still looks like someone went through it with a sledgehammer and a very bad attitude. Train lines are twisted, ports are wrecked, and whole neighbourhoods are piles of bricks with laundry hanging over them, because life goes on and shirts still need drying. In Florence,
Starting point is 00:02:06 the retreating German army blew up every bridge over the Arno in the summer of 1944 except 1, the Pontavecchio, which survived mostly because it was lined with jewellery shops and looked too pretty to destroy. The ancient abbey of Montecasino, founded back in the 6th century, was pounded into dust in 1944. So when you walk around post-war Italy, you're basically walking through a museum where half the exhibits are still smoking, and then there's the poverty. In the south, a lot of families live in homes without running water or electricity. In the town of Matera, thousands of people still live in ancient cave dwellings carved into the rock, sharing space with their donkeys, goats and chickens. The Italian Prime Minister himself visits in 1950, and is so shocked that the government passes a special
Starting point is 00:02:52 law to move people out. The writer Carlo Levy had already described this world in his famous book, Christ stopped at Ebily, and the title says it all. According to local folk wisdom, even Christ never made it this far. Good luck finding a pharmacy, a paved road, or a doctor who shows up in less than a day. Home delivery in this part of Italy means a neighbour bringing you a sack of beans on a mule. Politically, the country is going through something like a full personality transplant. In June 1946, Italians vote in a referendum on whether to keep the monarchy
Starting point is 00:03:25 and the king loses. Umberto the second had been on the throne for roughly a month, which earns him the nickname the May King, which is the royal equivalent of getting fired before you've even finished setting up your desk. The same vote is historic for another reason. It's the first time
Starting point is 00:03:41 Italian women vote at the national level, so in one go, Italy gets rid of a king and doubles its electorate, not bad for one Sunday. Then comes 1948, and the first big election of the New Republic turns into one of the most dramatic political showdowns of the entire Cold War. On one side are the Christian Democrats, backed by the Catholic Church and very openly by the United States.
Starting point is 00:04:04 On the other side is a left-wing front led by the Communists, who have one of the biggest communist parties in the Western world. Washington is so nervous that it pours money into the campaign, and Italian Americans get organized to send letters to their relatives back home, basically begging them. them not to vote red. Imagine getting a letter from your uncle in New Jersey that says, Dear Nephew, How is the family? Please don't turn Italy into a Soviet satellite love Uncle Saul. Even Hollywood stars record radio appeals. The Christian Democrats win big, and a year later, the Vatican announces that Catholics who actively support communism
Starting point is 00:04:38 can be excommunicated. So Italian politics in this era isn't just left versus right. It's Heaven versus Moscow. If you want to understand the mood, there's a perfect snapshot from pop culture. In 1948, the writer Giovanni No Gwarreski starts publishing stories about Don Camilo, a fiery village priest, and Pipponi, the equally stubborn communist mayor. They argue, they scheme, they occasionally punch each other, and deep down they care about the same village. The stories become so popular that they turn into a hit film series starting in 1952. In a lot of Italian towns, this isn't really fiction. It's just the local news with better dialogue. Meanwhile, the money starts flowing in. Through the Marshall Plan, Italy receives well over a billion
Starting point is 00:05:23 dollars in American aid. Factories restart, roads get rebuilt, and slowly the country begins what will later be called the economic miracle. In 1946, the Vesper scooter appears, and a year later its rival, the Lambreta joins the party. Suddenly young Italians can zip around cities on two wheels, which is great for freedom and terrible for pedestrians. In 1953, Audrey Hepburn and Gregory Peck ride a Vesper through Rome in Roman Holiday, and the scooter becomes a global symbol of Italian cool. In 1955, Fiat launches the 600, a tiny car designed so that normal families can finally afford to drive. It's small, it's noisy, and fitting a family of five inside requires advanced knowledge of geometry, but its freedom on four wheels. And in January
Starting point is 00:06:12 in 1954, something arrives that changes Italian homes forever, national television. The state broadcaster, R-A-I, starts regular transmissions, and at first very few people can afford a TV set. So what do Italians do? They gather, in bars, in the homes of the one lucky neighbor with a screen, in parish halls. A year later, a quiz show called Lashia oradopia becomes such a sensation that cinemas start losing audiences on Thursday nights, and some theatres literally stop the movie and wheel out a TV so people can watch the quiz. Imagine Netflix losing to one guy asking trivia questions. That was Italy in 1955, so on the surface, things are getting better. The shops fill up, people buy their first fridge, and the word boom starts creeping into conversations. But underneath
Starting point is 00:06:59 all that shiny progress, there's a cold, heavy fear that nobody can really shake, because the world has just learned how to end itself. In August 1945, two atomic bombs destroyed Hiroshima and Nagasaki. For a few years, the United States was the only country with that power, which was scary enough. Then, in August 1949, the Soviet Union tests its own bomb, far earlier than Western experts expected. Now two superpowers are staring at each other across the planet, each holding a weapon that can erase a city, and they don't stop there. In November 1952, the Americans test the first true hydrogen bomb, codenamed Ivy Mike, on a tiny island in the Pacific. The explosion The explosion is so powerful that the island simply disappears, not damaged, not scorched, gone.
Starting point is 00:07:48 Where there was land, there's now a crater under the ocean. The Soviets answer with their own thermonuclear test in 1953. The arms race is officially on, and unfortunately it's the kind of race where nobody gets a medal. Then comes the moment that shocks the whole world. On March 1st, 1954, the United States test a bomb called Castle Bravo at Bikini Atoll. The scientists expect a blast of around six megatons. What they get is about 15. That's like ordering a small coffee and receiving a swimming pool. The radioactive fallout spreads much further than planned, raining down on inhabited islands and on a Japanese fishing boat called the Lucky Dragon No. 5. Its crew had no idea what was happening. They watched the sky light up and then fine white ash started falling on the deck like snow. The fishermen get radiation sickness and one of them, the radio operator, I keep. Kyi Kuboyama dies months later. In Japan there's panic about contaminated tuna and that same year a certain giant radioactive lizard stomps onto movie screens for the first time. His name is Godzilla,
Starting point is 00:08:54 and he is basically nuclear anxiety wearing a rubber suit. Italy is right in the middle of all this, geographically and politically. It joins NATO in 1949, so if the Cold War ever turns hot, it's not going to be watching from the sidelines. American military and installations appear on Italian soil, and NATO sets up a major southern command in Naples. To the east, the Iron Curtain runs just past the border, and the city of Trieste spends years as a disputed hot potato between Italy and Yugoslavia until a deal is finally reached in 1954. So for an ordinary Italian reading the paper over breakfast, the headlines are a strange mix, new scooters, new fridges, new quiz shows, and new bombs that can turn an island into a memory.
Starting point is 00:09:38 Across the Atlantic, the American government is teaching school kids to survive nuclear war by ducking under their desks and covering their heads. There's even a cartoon turtle in a 1951 civil defense film explaining the technique. Naturally, a wooden desk offers roughly the same protection against a hydrogen bomb as a paper umbrella offers against a volcano. But the message was supposed to be reassuring. It wasn't. The feeling that the world might end at any moment and that it would be humanity's own fault becomes the background noise of the decade. And now we get to the other side of the Italian soul, because while half the country is worrying about bombs, the other half, and honestly often the same half,
Starting point is 00:10:19 is looking at the sky for something very different. Italy in the 1950s is a deeply Catholic country, not Catholic in the sense of going to church at Christmas and Easter and feeling vaguely guilty the rest of the year. Catholic in the sense that the church shapes almost everything, schools, holidays, politics, family life, and how people understand the world. For a lot of Italians, miracles aren't an abstract idea from old books. There's something that could happen next Tuesday. The year 1950 is declared a holy year, and millions of pilgrims pour into Rome. On November 1st of that year, Pope Pius XIV, officially proclaims the dogma of the assumption, the belief that the Virgin Mary was taken body and soul into heaven, and around the same time, something remarkable happens,
Starting point is 00:11:04 at least according to the Pope himself. Walking in the Vatican Gardens, Pius XVI 12th later says, he saw the sun spinning and moving in the sky, just like the famous miracle reported in Fatima, Portugal, back in 1917. When this story becomes public, it causes a sensation. Think about that for a second. The head of the Catholic Church is telling the world that he personally watched the sun dance.
Starting point is 00:11:28 That's not a rumor from a village gossip. That's the top of the chain of command. The Fatima story itself looms huge in this era. In 1917, three shepherd children in Portugal said the Virgin Mary appeared to them and entrusted them with secrets about the future. Two of the secrets were eventually published, including warnings about war and about Russia, which in the Cold War sounded incredibly relevant. The third secret stayed locked in the Vatican for decades, and people speculated wildly about what it contained. The end of the world, A nuclear war? Something even stranger? It wouldn't be revealed until the year 2000, so for the entire
Starting point is 00:12:08 1950s, Catholics had a sealed prophecy sitting in Rome like a spoiler nobody was allowed to read. Then there's Padre Pio, a Capuchin friar living in the little town of San Giovanni Rotondo in southern Italy, on the Adriatic side of the country. Since 1918, he has reportedly born the stigmata, wounds on his hands, feet and side resembling those of the crucified Christ. People tell stories about him reading their souls in confession, healing the sick, even appearing in two places at once. Crowds travel for days to see him say mass. He's so popular that his own church is repeatedly nervous about him and at various points restricts his activities. In May, 1956, just weeks after the part of our story we're heading toward, he opens a huge modern hospital funded largely
Starting point is 00:12:54 by donations called the House for the Relief of Suffering. So in the same corner of Italy, you have scooters, TV sets and a friar whom thousands of people genuinely believe can be in two places at once, which, as we'll see later, is a skill that will come up again, and the miracles keep coming. In late August, 1953, in the Sicilian city of Syracuse, a young married couple noticed that a small plaster plaque of the Madonna hanging above their bed appears to be crying. Word spreads like wildfire. Crowds gather in the street the tears are collected and analysed, and a local commission says the liquid is similar to human tears. By the end of that year, the bishops of Sicily declare the event authentic.
Starting point is 00:13:36 Pius XVI the 12th, then announces 1954 as a Marian year, a whole year dedicated to the Virgin Mary. So the mood is clear. The heavens are active, they're paying attention, and they might send a message at any moment. Put these two worlds side by side and you get something fascinating. On one hand, you have the terror of the atom, the sense that humanity has grabbed to power it can't control. On the other, you have a centuries-old tradition that says help comes from above, that someone is watching over us, and that heavenly visitors sometimes show up with urgent messages for ordinary people. Now imagine what happens when strange lights start appearing
Starting point is 00:14:13 in that very same sky. For some people, they're Soviet spy planes. For others, they're American secret weapons. And for a lot of people raised on stories of angels, saints, and dancing sons, the question naturally becomes, what if they're something else? What if they're messengers? And in the autumn of 1954, the sky decides to get busy. That year, Europe goes through one of the biggest waves of UFO reports in its history.
Starting point is 00:14:40 France is flooded with accounts of glowing objects and landed craft, and Italy catches the fever too. Across the country, hundreds of people report shining discs and cigar-shaped shapes gliding over towns and fields. Italian papers start using the term discy volant flying discs, and it becomes one of the hottest topics in bars, offices, and dinner tables. This is a country that just got TV.
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Starting point is 00:16:03 Consider about your gambling or that as someone close to you. Call 1866-531-2600 to visit connectsontario.ca. The most famous moment comes on October 27, 1954 in Florence. The city's main stadium, which today is known as the Stadio Artemio Franci, is hosting a match between Fierentina's reserve side and a team from the nearby town of Pistoia. It's an ordinary Wednesday afternoon game, nothing that would make it into the history books. Around 10,000 people are in the stands chatting, smoking, shouting, shouting advice at the players that nobody asked for, you know, classic football. And then, sometime after
Starting point is 00:16:40 half-past two, the crowd suddenly goes quiet, people start pointing upward. Over the stadium several shiny objects appear, moving slowly across the sky. Witnesses later describe them as egg-shaped, or spindle-shaped, glinting in the afternoon light, sometimes hovering and then darting off at incredible speed. The players stop running, the referee stops refereeing. And for several minutes, a professional football match in Italy is halted, not because of rain, not because of a fight, not because of a controversial penalty, but because everyone is staring at the sky. Honestly, in Italy, that's the most shocking part of the whole story. Getting Italians to stop arguing about a football match is harder than landing a spaceship. One of the players, Ardica Magnini,
Starting point is 00:17:26 a Furentina defender who also played for the national team, would talk about that afternoon for the rest of his life. He described the objects as shining and moving in a way no plane he knew could move, and he insisted that everyone saw the same thing. Imagine being a footballer, used to having thousands of eyes on you, and suddenly realizing that for once nobody cares about you at all. The real stars of the day were flying overhead. Talk about being upstage. but the story doesn't end with lights. As the objects pass, something begins to fall from the sky. Thin, silvery threads, like cotton candy or spider silk,
Starting point is 00:18:00 drift down over the stadium, catch on the roof, cling to trees, telephone lines and antennas across the area. People pick them up, and the strands seem to melt or disappear in their fingers. This stuff has a name in UFO circles, Angel Hair. And yes, the fact that it's called Angel Hair in a Catholic country where people are already primed to see heavenly signs is almost too perfect. Some of the material is collected and taken to the University of Florence, to the Institute of Analytical Chemistry,
Starting point is 00:18:30 where it's examined by a professor named Giovanni Canary. According to reports of the analysis, the sample contains elements like boron, silicon, calcium and magnesium, and it looks like a kind of glassy fibre. Unfortunately, the samples reportedly degrade quickly, which is incredibly convenient for anyone who wants to argue about it for the next 70 years. On the same day and the days around it, people in other Tuscan towns report similar sightings and similar falling threads. The newspapers go wild. Now, to be fair, skeptics have their
Starting point is 00:19:01 explanation. In autumn, many species of young spiders travel through the air by releasing long strands of silk and letting the wind carry them, sometimes over huge distances and at considerable heights. It's called ballooning, and when masses of spiders do it at once, the sky can literally rain silk. Some researchers argue that this, plus sunlight glinting off the strands, could explain the angel hair, and even some of the shiny objects. So the choices between aliens and flying baby spiders, and honestly, for a lot of people, the aliens are the less terrifying option. Whatever it was, the Florence Stadium event does something important. It turns flying sources from a strange American story into an Italian story. Thousands of ordinary citizens,
Starting point is 00:19:43 not mystics, not eccentrics, just people who came to watch football say they saw something they couldn't explain. The sky over Italy has officially become a stage, and everybody is watching to see who shows up next. Meanwhile, across the ocean, the Americans have already moved on to the next level. They're not just seeing flying saucers anymore, some of them claim they're talking to the pilots. The superstar of this movement is a man named George Adamski. Born in Poland and raised in the United States. Adamski by the early 1950s is running a small cafe on the slopes of Mount Palomar in California. Mount Palomar happens to be home to one of the most famous observatories in the world with a giant telescope that was the largest of its kind at the time. Adamski has his own much
Starting point is 00:20:26 smaller telescopes and he likes to talk about the heavens so much that some locals start calling him professor. So you have real astronomers at the top of the mountain and a guy serving hamburgers halfway up and guess which one ends up getting famous for meeting aliens. The universe has a sense of humour. Adamski's resume before that is colourful, to put it gently. Back in the 1930s, he founded a spiritual group called the Royal Order of Tibet, and during prohibition, when alcohol was banned in the United States, religious groups could get permission to make wine for sacred purposes.
Starting point is 00:20:59 According to stories that Adamski himself reportedly told, his order produced a very generous amount of sacred wine. Let's just say the spiritual needs of his congregation seemed to have been extremely thirsty. Then, on November 20, 1952, in the desert near a place called Desert Centre in California, Adamski says he meets a man from Venus. His name, according to Adamski, is Orthon. He's slightly shorter than average, with long blonde hair, a beautiful face, and a one-piece outfit that sounds suspiciously like a ski suit.
Starting point is 00:21:32 They communicate through gestures and telepathy, and Orthon has one main concern, the radiation from nuclear explosions. The people of other planets, he explains, are worried that humanity's bombs could harm not only Earth but space itself. Adamski has several companions with him that day, who watch from a distance, and afterward they make plaster casts of the footprints Orthon supposedly left in the sand, footprints with strange symbols in the souls, because naturally when you travel millions of kilometres to deliver a cosmic warning, you make sure to wear shoes with a cool pattern on them.
Starting point is 00:22:05 In 1953, Adamsky publishes a book with a British writer, Desmond Leslie called Flying Sources have landed. It becomes a bestseller and is translated into multiple languages. A couple of years later, he follows it with another book in which he describes flying aboard spacecraft and seeing the far side of the moon, complete with forests, lakes and even snow-capped mountains. Space probes would later show that the far side of the moon has approximately zero lakes and roughly the same number of forests. But in the mid-1950s, that little detail hasn't been checked yet. Adamski isn't alone. A whole crowd of so-called contactees appears in America in these years. George Van Tassel, a former aviation mechanic, lives at a place called Giant Rock in
Starting point is 00:22:46 the Mojave Desert, and starts hosting spacecraft conventions that draw thousands of visitors. He also begins building a strange domed structure called the Integratron, which he says will rejuvenate people and possibly extend their lives. Picture a mix between a science lab, a church and a very sunny music festival. Another contactee, Truman Bethyurem, says he met a stunning female spaceship captain named Aura Rains from a planet called Clarion, which is conveniently hidden behind the moon so nobody can check. Legend has it that Bithuram's wife wasn't entirely thrilled about her husband's regular meetings with a gorgeous alien captain. You can have your marriage tested by a lot of things,
Starting point is 00:23:27 but an interplanetary romance rumor is definitely a new one. There's even an Italian-American contactee named Orfeo Angeloucci, a worker at an aircraft. plant, who says that in 1952 he met beings who told him about the dangers facing humanity and about a higher spiritual path. Italy also produces its own contactee. In Sicily, a man named Eugenio Syragusa says that in 1952, while waiting at a bus stop in Catania, a beam of light from the sky struck him and changed his life. So even the humble bus stop gets its moment of cosmic glory. What's interesting is how similar all these stories are. The aliens are friendly. beautiful, often almost human. They don't want to conquer anyone. They come as teachers, big
Starting point is 00:24:11 brothers from the stars, worried about humanity's nuclear weapons and eager to nudge us toward peace and love. In other words, they sound like a strange blend of a science fiction hero and a Sunday school teacher. And when you remember the fear of the atom and the religious longing for heavenly messengers, it's easy to see why these stories hit so hard. They answered the two biggest questions of the decade at once. Are we going to destroy ourselves? Maybe. Maybe. not because someone up there cares? Is there anyone out there listening? Yes, and they speak English, or at least telepathy. These books and articles cross the ocean and land in Italian bookshops and magazines, where they meet a very receptive audience. Italians are already watching
Starting point is 00:24:51 the sky after the 1954 wave. They're already used to the idea that heavenly beings might visit ordinary people with messages. Now they're hearing that in America, these visitors are shaking hands with cafe owners in the desert. The obvious question in a lot of Italian minds is simple. If they're talking to Americans, why wouldn't they talk to us too? After all, Italians have better food, and that's where our main character walks onto the stage. His name is Bruno Samachicchica, and he comes from the Abruzzo region, on Italy's Adriatic coast, a land of mountains, sheep, medieval villages, and seriously strong opinions about how pasta should be made. Bruno is not your typical UFO enthusiast. He's educated, cultured and respected. He's described as a psychologist,
Starting point is 00:25:37 and he's also deeply interested in religion and theology. He writes books about saints, which in a country like Italy is a bit like being a sports writer who focuses on the national team. There's a huge audience, and everyone has an opinion. On top of that, Bruno is a collector of antiques. He loves old objects, old documents, old stories. Imagine a man whose apartment is full of dusty manuscripts, carved wooden figures, antique furniture, maybe a painting or two of saints looking sternly out from the walls. Someone who spends his days thinking about miracles, ancient mysteries and the hidden meaning of things. If a scriptwriter wanted to invent the perfect person to meet aliens in 1950s Italy, it would be hard to design someone better.
Starting point is 00:26:20 Think about it. He's a believer, so the idea of beings from above bringing a message doesn't shock him. He's a psychologist, so he can present himself as someone who understands the human mind and isn't easily fooled. He's a writer, so he knows how to tell a story, and he's a collector of old things, which means he has exactly the kind of connections that might put an old, mysterious, handwritten map into his hands, which, as it happens, is exactly what happens next. In the story that later spread, Bruno also has another important quality. People like him. He's charismatic, warm, the kind of person who draws others around him. That will matter a lot later, because this isn't going to be the story of one lonely man in the desert, like Adamski.
Starting point is 00:27:03 It's going to be a group story, with friends, families, trucks and a whole network of people who trust each other. But in the spring of 1956, all of that is still in the future. Right now, Bruno is just a well-read man from a Brutzo with a passion for saints and antiques, and he's about to go treasure hunting. Now, treasure hunting in Italy might sound like something from a pirate movie, but in the 1950s it's actually a very natural hobby. This is a country where history is buried under your feet. Farmers ploughing fields regularly turn up Roman coins. Workers' digging foundations stumble on ancient tombs.
Starting point is 00:27:37 Every village has its legends about hidden gold. In Abruzzo and the surrounding regions, stories are told about the brigands who roamed the mountains in the 19th century, especially after Italian unification in 1861, when bands of outlaws fought the new state and supposedly stashed their loot in caves and ruins. There are legends about retreating armies burying vows. valuables, about noble families hiding their silver from invaders, about monks concealing church
Starting point is 00:28:03 treasures, and of course, the war that just ended left behind plenty of stories about hidden caches, from gold to weapons. So when an antiques collector comes across an old handwritten map that supposedly shows the location of a buried treasure near a castle, it's not completely absurd to take it seriously. Maybe it's genuine, maybe it's a fake, maybe it's a joke from some bored nobleman 200 years ago. But if there's even a tiny chance that a chest of gold is waiting under some old stones, well, a spring weekend is a spring weekend, and you might as well go and check. In April 1956, Bruno sets out with two friends toward a castle in central Italy. The details of the map are hazy in the story as treasure maps tend to be. Nobody ever finds a treasure map that says,
Starting point is 00:28:48 clear instructions, park here, dig 40 centimetres, bring a bucket. It's always something like walk seven steps from the old oak, turn toward the rising sun and beware the shadow of the tower, which is great for atmosphere and terrible for actually finding anything. It's worth taking a moment to imagine the trip itself because it's a very 1950s kind of adventure. Three men probably squeezed into a small car rattling along narrow country roads that twist around hills like spaghetti around a fork. No GPS, of course, just the map, a lot of guesswork and occasional stops to ask a farmer for directions. And if you've ever asked a rural Italian for directions, you know the answer usually involves a long story, several gestures, a reference to a building that was torn down 20 years
Starting point is 00:29:34 ago, and the words, you can't miss it. Spoiler, you can miss it. The castle itself, as described in the retellings, is the kind of place that looks like it was built specifically for a mystery novel. Central Italy is full of these fortresses, perched on hills or rocky outcrops with crumbling walls, towers covered in ivy and empty courtyards where the wind whistles through the cracks. Many were built in the Middle Ages, when local lords spent a lot of time and money making sure their neighbours couldn't easily kill them. By the 1950s, plenty of them are abandoned or half-ruined, and they come with the full package, bats, owls, strange noises and a local legend or two about a ghostly lady in white. So our three treasure hunters arrive, map in hand,
Starting point is 00:30:21 full of enthusiasm and probably carrying shovels, lamps and snacks, because this is Italy, and nobody goes on an adventure without bread, cheese and maybe a bottle of wine. They start searching the area, following the clues, pacing out distances and poking at the ground. As the hours past the light begins to fade. The hills turn gold, then purple, then dark blue, and the treasure unsurprisingly doesn't show up. There's no chest. No gold coins, no skeleton clutching a jeweled cross, just stones, soil, and the growing suspicion that someone somewhere, a long time ago drew this map purely to mess with future generations. Evening falls and the darkness settles in. Out in the Italian countryside in 1956, dark means dark. No streetlights, no glowing
Starting point is 00:31:09 phone screens, no neon signs. Just the stars. The silhouette. of the castle and the little circles of light from their lamps. It's the kind of darkness where every rustle in the bushes sounds like a wild boar and every owl sounds like a warning. If there's ever a perfect moment for something strange to happen, this is it. And that's exactly when it does. According to the story, out of the darkness near the castle, two figures appear. They don't come crashing through the bushes. They don't descend in a blaze of light, at least not in the way most people would expect. They simply walk out of the shadows toward the three men, calmly, as if this were the most normal thing in the world, as if they had been waiting. The first thing the men notice is their
Starting point is 00:31:53 size, because it's impossible not to. One of the figures is small, around a meter tall, roughly the height of a young child. The other is enormous, about three meters tall. To put that in perspective, a standard basketball hoop is just over three meters high. This being could practically rest his chin on the rim. Italian doorways, especially in old castles, were definitely not designed with him in mind. So picture the scene, a tiny figure and a towering giant standing side by side, like the world's strangest comedy duo, facing three stunned men with shovels in a dark field. And yet, what strikes Bruno and his friends isn't just the size, it's the faces. The beings look almost human, not green, not scaly, not with huge black eyes or tentacles or antennas.
Starting point is 00:32:40 Their features are close enough to ours that they could almost pass for people, just slightly different in ways that are hard to describe. It's the uncanny kind of familiar, like meeting a distant relative you've never seen before, but who somehow has your grandmother's eyes. Then the beings speak. And here's the really surprising part. They don't use telepathic signals or strange musical tones or a mechanical translator.
Starting point is 00:33:02 They speak Italian, perfect Italian, clean, elegant, flawless Italian. This detail is funnier than it sounds because in 1950s, Italy, perfect standard Italian is not something everyone speaks. Most Italians grow up speaking their local dialect at home, and dialects can be so different from each other that someone from Sicily and someone from Piedmont might struggle to understand each other. Standard Italian is the language of schoolbooks, newspapers, and increasingly television, but in everyday life a lot of people are much more comfortable in dialect. So here we have two beings who have supposedly come from somewhere far beyond the Italian peninsula, and they speak Italian better than a lot of Italians do. Somewhere a schoolteacher in Abruzzo is
Starting point is 00:33:46 feeling very embarrassed. What they say in that first encounter is described only in general terms in the retellings, but the tone is clear, calm, friendly, welcoming. They don't threaten the men, they don't demand anything, they don't announce that Earth is being invaded or asked to be taken to anybody's leader. It's more like a conversation between people. It's a conversation between people who have just been introduced by a mutual friend at a party, if the party were in a dark field next to a haunted-looking castle, and one of the guests were three metres tall. Now, if you or I were standing in that field, the natural reaction would be something between screaming, running and fainting, possibly in that order. Imagine going out to dig for coins and instead meeting a giant and a
Starting point is 00:34:29 tiny stranger who emerge from the dark and start chatting in textbook Italian. Most people would drop the shovel and set a new personal record for sprinting back to the car. Any reasonable horror movie would start right here, with ominous music and the camera slowly zooming in on the terrified faces of the three friends. But that's not what happens in this story. And this is one of the most important and unusual details of the entire case. Bruno and his friends later say that they didn't feel fear, not panic, not dread,
Starting point is 00:34:58 not even the ordinary nervousness you'd expect when meeting strangers in the dark. Instead, they felt something completely unexpected, a wave of tenderness, a deep, warm, almost overwhelming feeling of affection, of peace, of being among friends, as if they had known these beings for a long time, and this was a reunion rather than a first meeting. If you think about the background we just went through, it almost makes sense. A deeply religious man, who writes about saints and has grown up surrounded by stories of heavenly visitors, meets beings who look almost like people, who come out of the dark without weapons, who speak his language perfectly, and who make him feel an unexplainable sense of warmth.
Starting point is 00:35:40 For someone like Bruno, the parallel with angels and apparitions would be impossible to miss. Believers would say that's exactly why he was chosen. Skeptics would say that's exactly why he told the story this way. Either way, the emotional tone of this first meeting sets the stage for everything that follows, and here's the beautiful irony of the whole. situation. Bruno came to that castle looking for treasure. He had a map. He had a plan. He had friends to help him dig. He probably imagined going home with a few old coins or a medieval ring, or at least a good story about how the map was a fake. Instead, he finds something no treasure map in history has ever promised. He finds beings who, if we take his story at face value, are not from this world,
Starting point is 00:36:23 and who have chosen to step out of the shadows and introduce themselves to him. is the most fuel-efficient cross-track yet. That means less time-filling your tank and more time filling your day. More court time. More ride time. More lake time. More camp time.
Starting point is 00:36:42 More go-time. The new 2027 Subaru Cross-Trek hybrid. Consumer Reports top-rated subcompact SUV. Stop by your local Subaru dealership or visit Subaru.ca to learn more. Consumer Reports does not endorse products or services. So your de-calf oat milk extra, but not piping hot, four pumps of caramel, no sugar, small latte, and a large cup.
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Starting point is 00:37:22 19 plus Ontario only. Please play responsibly. Concerned about your gambling or that if someone close to you. Call 1866-531-2600 to visit connectxontera.ca. For treasure hunters, it's a spectacular failure, zero gold found. For Bruno, it's the beginning of the most important relationship of his life. From that night on, his hobby of collecting old things takes a dramatic turn, because he's about to be handed a history that is much, much older than any antique in his collection. The strangers in the field have a lot to explain, who they are, where they come from, why they're on earth, and why they've decided to talk to a psychologist from Abruzzo,
Starting point is 00:37:59 instead of, say, the president of the United States. And trust me, their answers are going to be far wilder than any buried treasure. So what exactly do you say to three stunned men with shovels in a dark field? If you're these visitors, apparently you skip the small talk and go straight for the biggest reveal in human history. No weather chat, no questions about the traffic on the way up. Just a calm, friendly explanation that rewrites every everything Bruno thought he knew about the universe. Most first meetings are a handshake and a business card. This one comes with a complete cosmic backstory. According to the story as Bruno's circle later told it, the strangers explain that they are not a single people from a single
Starting point is 00:38:40 world. They belong to a confederation of different races, a kind of alliance of civilizations from various corners of space. Some of them look almost like us, some look quite different, and they come in very different sizes, which instantly explains the mismatched duo standing in front of him. The tiny one and the giant aren't a strange couple who just happen to travel together. They're simply two members of a very diverse club. Think of it as the United Nations, except the delegates arrive without a plane ticket and the seating chart has to account for someone who is three metres tall. And this Confederation, they say, isn't just visiting Earth.
Starting point is 00:39:16 It's already here. Its members have bases hidden all over the planet, in places where humans don't go. and wouldn't think to look. Under the ground, under the water, in the remote corners of mountains and seas. They've been here, quietly, for a long time, watching, studying and waiting. We'll get to what one of these bases actually looks like a bit later in our story, and trust me, it's worth the wait. For now, the key point is simple and slightly unsettling. The neighbours have been living in the basement this whole time and nobody noticed. If you think about it, that's a pretty uncomfortable idea for 1950s humans who are very proud of their progress. This is the decade of
Starting point is 00:39:57 jet planes, radar, satellites on the drawing board and atomic power. Governments on both sides of the Iron Curtain have spy networks, radar stations and fighter jets on constant alert. They're convinced they can detect a single enemy bomber crossing the border. And yet, according to the visitors, an entire alliance of alien civilizations has been setting up shop right under their noses. So much for the advanced defence systems in history. Apparently the aliens didn't even need a fake passport. Now the next part of the explanation is where things get really interesting and really big. The visitors tell Bruno that Earth is not just another rock floating around a star. It's special. It's what they call a mother planet. According to them, planets like this are incredibly rare in
Starting point is 00:40:41 the universe. Worlds where life can arise and develop into intelligent beings, rich and complex enough to grow their own civilizations, are not common at all. Most planets are empty, hostile or simply not suitable. Earth is one of the lucky few, a cradle, a nursery, a place where new life and new minds can be born. In other words, from their perspective, humans aren't living on some random suburban planet at the edge of the galaxy. We're living in one of the most precious places in the cosmos, and we're treating it like a cheap rental apartment. You know the type of tenant, loud parties, broken windows, never pays the utilities and occasionally. occasionally sets the kitchen on fire. The landlord in this case is a confederation of ancient
Starting point is 00:41:26 civilizations who are watching with increasing concern. This idea of a rare, precious Earth has a surprisingly modern ring to it. Today, astronomers have found thousands of planets orbiting other stars, but finding one that's truly Earth-like, with the right size, the right temperature, liquid water, and a stable environment is still a huge challenge. There's even a scientific idea called the Rare Earth Hypothesis, which argues that complex life might be extremely rare in the universe, because so many things have to go right at the same time. Of course, the visitors in our story didn't bring charts, telescopes, or peer-reviewed papers. They just told a psychologist from a Brutzo in a field at night.
Starting point is 00:42:07 Not exactly the standard scientific publishing process, but the visitors aren't finished, because if Earth is a rare mother planet, you might expect that its current inhabitants, us are the proud first civilization to grow up here, the original owners, the pioneers, and that they explain is not the case at all. According to the story, humanity is actually the seventh civilization to arise on Earth. Seven. Before us, there were six others, six entire civilizations that rose flourished and developed on this very same planet. And here's the kicker. They weren't primitive. They weren't cavemen with slightly better spears. The visitors described them more advanced than we are, with technologies far beyond anything humanity had in the 1950s,
Starting point is 00:42:52 civilizations that had mastered powers we can barely imagine. So where are they? Why don't we find their skyscrapers buried under the Sahara, or their spaceships rusting on the ocean floor? The answer the visitors give is short, brutal and chilling. They destroyed themselves. Each of these six civilizations reached a level of technology that gave them enormous power, and each of them use that power in a way that led to their own destruction. Not because of an asteroid. Not because of an alien invasion. Because of their own choices.
Starting point is 00:43:25 Six times the story goes, intelligent beings on Earth climbed to the top of the ladder, and six times they kicked the ladder away and fell. It's like a very long, very tragic reality show where every season ends with the contestants blowing up the house. And humanity, by this account, is season seven, were the newest cast with brand new faces, a fresh set and, unfortunately, some very familiar toys. Now this is where the story taps into something very old and very deep in human culture.
Starting point is 00:43:54 Because the idea that there were earlier ages or earlier worlds before ours, which ended in catastrophe, is not new at all. It shows up in myths and legends all over the planet. Take the ancient Greeks. Around 2,700 years ago, the poet Hesiod described a series of ages. of humanity. First came a golden age when people lived like gods, without work or suffering. Then came the silver age, the Bronze Age, and an age of heroes, each one worse than the last in various ways. Finally, Heesiod says, we arrive at the Iron Age, his own time, full of hard labour, injustice and misery. Heziod was basically the original grumpy old man complaining that
Starting point is 00:44:36 things were better in the good old days, except his good old days were several entire human races ago. Then there's the most famous lost civilization of all, Atlantis. Around 360 BC, the Greek philosopher Plato wrote about a powerful island civilization beyond the pillars of Hercules, what we now call the Strait of Gibraltar. According to Plato, Atlantis was rich, technologically impressive and militarily strong. But its people became arrogant and corrupt, and in a single day and night of disaster, the island sank beneath the sea. Plato probably meant it as a philosophical parable, a cautionary tale about pride and power, but people have been treating it as a real historical mystery ever since.
Starting point is 00:45:20 Few philosophers in history have had their thought experiments taken this literally. Imagine writing a short story to make a point about ethics, and then watching 2,000 years of people by scuba gear to look for it. On the other side of the world, the Aztecs of Central Mexico believed they were living in the era of the Fifth Sun. According to their mythology, there had been four previous worlds, each ruled by a different sun, and each destroyed in a different catastrophe. One was ended by Jaguars devouring the people, another by powerful winds, another by fiery rain, and another by a great flood. The current world, the fifth, was also destined to end one day, this time with earthquakes. So the Aztecs weren't
Starting point is 00:46:02 just worried about the end of the world. They had a full historical record of previous ones, with a method of destruction carefully listed like a very grim table of contents. In Hindu tradition, time moves in vast cycles called yugas, ages that repeat over and over across mind-bending spans of time. There's a golden age of truth and virtue, followed by gradually declining ages until the world reaches the Kali Yuga, an age of conflict and darkness. At the end of a full cycle, the world is dissolved and a new cycle begins. Once again, the pattern is the same, rise, decline, destruction, rebirth. And closer to the time of our story, there's a more modern and very esoteric version of the same idea. In the late 19th century,
Starting point is 00:46:48 a Russian-born mystic named Helena Blavatsky founded the theosophical movement and wrote a huge book called The Secret Doctrine, published in 1888. In it, she described human history as a series of great root races that had lived on earth over enormous periods of time, some of them on lost continents like Atlantis and Lemuria. And here's a fun coincidence. In her system, there were supposed to be seven of them. Theosophy was very influential in the esoteric circles of Europe and America, and a lot of later UFO and contact-e ideas borrowed from its vocabulary of ascended masters, spiritual evolution, and lost civilizations. So when aliens in 1956 tell an educated man about the seventh civilization on Earth, they're stepping into a very old conversation
Starting point is 00:47:33 that humans had been having for thousands of years. The difference, of course, is the method of destruction. In most ancient myths, earlier worlds are wiped out by gods, floods, fire from the sky, or the natural decay of time. In the version told to Bruno, the previous civilizations are destroyed by their own technology. And in 1956, you don't need to be a mystic to understand why that detail hit so hard, as we saw earlier the decade had already delivered hydrogen bombs, vanished islands and radioactive ash falling on fishermen.
Starting point is 00:48:05 The idea that a civilization could build something powerful enough to end itself was no longer mythology. It was the evening news. That's exactly the point the visitors make next. Humanity, they say, is heading down the same road. We've discovered the power of the atom, and we're already using it to build weapons capable of destroying our cities, our nations and potentially our whole world. The same pattern that ended the previous six civilizations is starting to repeat. season seven is getting dangerously close to its finale, and this, according to the story, is why the visitors are stepping out of the shadows now. They had their own timeline,
Starting point is 00:48:41 their own plans for when and how to make contact with humanity. They weren't supposed to show up yet, but the Cold War has changed everything. The arms race is accelerating so fast that they feel they can't wait any longer, so they decide to make contact earlier than planned, not with presidents or generals, but with ordinary people who might be able to be able to to carry a message and form a bridge between two worlds. It's a bit like a teacher who plan to step into the classroom at the start of the next semester, but here's glass breaking and chairs flying and decides to come in right now. The lesson plan is out the window. This is an emergency visit. And if you look at what actually happens in the year 1956, the visitor's timing looks,
Starting point is 00:49:20 let's say, very well chosen. In February, the new Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev gives a secret speech in Moscow, denouncing his predecessor Joseph Stalin. The speech was supposed to stay secret, but it leaks, as secret speeches tend to do, and sends shockwaves through the communist world. In May, the United States drops its first hydrogen bomb from an airplane in a test over the Pacific, proving that these weapons are no longer just giant experimental devices. They can now be delivered. Then comes the autumn, and things get truly frightening. In October, Hungarians rise up against Soviet control. For a few days, it looks like they might actually break free. Then, in early November, Soviet tanks roll into Budapest and crush the uprising, killing thousands.
Starting point is 00:50:06 At almost exactly the same time, Britain, France and Israel launch a military operation against Egypt over control of the Suez Canal. The Soviet Union responds with open threats, hinting that it could use rockets against London and Paris. The United States is furious with its own allies. For a few days, the world looks like a room full of people holding lit matches over a pile of dynamite. So when the visitors tell Bruno in April that the situation on Earth is urgent, history immediately backs them up in the following months. Believers would say they knew what was coming. Skeptics would say that in the 1950s, predicting that the Cold War would get worse
Starting point is 00:50:43 was about as risky as predicting that the sun would rise in the morning. Either way, the message fits the moment perfectly. Now, every good relationship needs a name, and Bruno has to call these visitors something. He can't keep referring to them as the strangers from the field, or the tall one and the short one. He needs a label, something to use in conversation, in notes, in letters. And the name he comes up with is wonderfully, deeply Italian.
Starting point is 00:51:09 He calls them W-56. To understand why, you have to know a little piece of Italian street culture. In Italy, a capital letter W is a common shorthand for the word VAR. As in long-live, you can still see it, painted on walls and banners today. W the team, W the bride and groom, W whatever local hero or saint is being celebrated that week. And if you flip the W upside down,
Starting point is 00:51:34 it looks like an M, which Italians have traditionally used to mean the exact opposite, down with. So in Italian graffiti, you can praise or insult someone with the same letter just by turning it over. It's the most efficient political communication system ever invented. So W56 means,
Starting point is 00:51:52 essentially, long-lived 56. A cheer for the year 1956, the year of the first contact. Bruno doesn't give the visitors a grand cosmic title. He doesn't call them the Guardians or the Starborn or the Galactic Council of Something. He gives them the kind of name you'd paint on a wall after your football team wins the championship. There's something very human and very sweet about that, the most important encounter of your life, and you celebrate it like a local Derby victory. But names like W56 are a little formal for everyday use, and over time, as the relationship between Bruno and the visitors grows, a simpler word takes over. The Italians begin to call them Amici, friends, not masters, not gods, not angels, not aliens, just friends. And that single
Starting point is 00:52:43 word will become the name of the entire case, the friendship case. It tells you everything about how the people involved felt. Whatever these beings were, whatever they really wanted, the humans in this story didn't see them as rulers or invaders. They saw them as companions. So by the end of these first conversations, Bruno has been handed a mind-blowing package. Earth is a rare cradle of life. Humanity is the seventh attempt at civilization on this planet. The previous six blew themselves up, and a confederation of friendly races hidden among us has decided to intervene early, because we were about to repeat the same fatal mistake. It's a lot to process for a man who, a few hours earlier, was just hoping to find a couple of old coins, but the friends haven't come
Starting point is 00:53:26 just to deliver a lecture on cosmic history. They need something, and they're about to ask Bruno for help. Here's the thing about this alliance of advanced civilizations. They can hide bases around the planet, they can travel across space, and they can appear out of the darkness speaking perfect Italian. But according to the story, there are some things they want from humans that they choose not to simply take. They need cooperation, and that means they need people, real, ordinary, trustworthy people, willing to work with them. So the friends ask Bruno to gather a group. Not a crowd, not a public movement, not a newspaper announcement, a circle of trusted individuals who can keep a secret and who are willing to help. And Bruno, being a sociable
Starting point is 00:54:09 man with a wide network of acquaintances, starts reaching out. Over the following years, this circle grows. According to the accounts that came out later, it eventually includes around 100 people, spread across different Italian cities. Doctors, engineers, business people, professionals, ordinary citizens, people with jobs, families, mortgages, and very normal lives who have somehow agreed to become part of a secret collaboration with extraterrestrial beings. Imagine the level of trust that requires. It's hard enough to get 100 people to agree on where to go for dinner. Now try getting them to agree to secretly work for aliens. And imagine the recruitment conversation. You meet an old friend for coffee, you chat about work, about the kids, about the latest football results, and then you
Starting point is 00:54:55 lean in and say, listen, I need to tell you something important and please don't laugh. Some of those friends must have spit out their espresso. Others apparently said yes. Among the most important members of this group is a couple from Milan, Gaspar de Lama and his wife, Mirella. Their story will become one of the main sources for everything we know about the friendship case, and they'll play a huge role in many of the strange events still to come. The fact that Gasparre is from Milan is a nice touch, because Milan and Abruzzo in the 1950s are almost two different worlds. Milan is the industrial heart of the north, the city of factories, business, fashion, fog, and people who walk very fast because they have somewhere important to be. Abruzzo, where Bruno lives, is rural, mountainous, traditional,
Starting point is 00:55:42 shepherds, small villages, and a slower rhythm of life. Italians love their regional stereotypes, and in the classic version, the Milanese is efficient, practical, a bit cold and obsessed with work, while the Southerner is warm, relaxed and never in a hurry. So in a way, the friendship group is already a mini version of the Confederation. Very different types of people, forced to cooperate for a greater purpose. If the aliens could get a Milanese and an Abraisees to work together without arguing about whose food is better. They truly were miracle workers. Gasparay, from what emerges in the story, is a practical, grounded person. Not a mystic, not a dreamer. The kind of man who wants to understand how things work. That will make him one of the most interesting
Starting point is 00:56:26 witnesses in the whole affair, because he doesn't just accept everything the friends say. He observes, he thinks, he asks questions, and he draws his own conclusions. Morella, his wife, is at his side through the years. and together they become one of the core couples of the group. So what exactly does this secret team of humans do for their friends from the stars? You might expect something dramatic. Maybe they deliver secret documents. Maybe they build strange machines.
Starting point is 00:56:55 Maybe they carry messages to world leaders. Maybe they undergo mysterious training. Nope. They go grocery shopping. I'm not joking. One of the main activities of the friendship group, according to the story, is logistics. Supplies. The friends ask the human.
Starting point is 00:57:10 humans to deliver specific goods to remote isolated places, and the shopping list is, let's say, a curious mix. First, water, lots of water, then fruit, crates and crates of fresh fruit. Now, why would a highly advanced alien civilization need Italian fruit? The explanation given in the story is that the friends use the fruit to make small green tablets, a kind of concentrated nutritional pill. So the humans bring in apples, oranges, pears, whatever is in season, and the friends processed them into little green capsules that serve as food. That detail is almost perfectly 1950s. This was the golden age of the food pill fantasy.
Starting point is 00:57:49 Magazines, comics and science fiction movies were full of predictions that in the future, people wouldn't bother with messy meals. They'd just swallow a tiny pill containing a whole dinner, breakfast in a capsule, lunch in a tablet, a three-course meal in something the size of an aspirin. Futurists were very excited about it. Italian grandmothers, on the other hand, would have considered it a crime against humanity. Imagine telling an Italian nonor in 1956 that the future of food is a green pill.
Starting point is 00:58:19 She would have made you a plate of lasagna out of pure spite. But there's something oddly flattering in the idea. Of all the places on Earth to source fruit, the aliens choose Italy. Honestly, that's the most believable part of the whole story. If you were an advanced alien with access to any planet's produce, you'd probably pick Sicilian oranges too. And then comes the third category on the list, and this is where things take a sharp turn from farmers' market to something much more serious. The friends also ask for chemicals, specifically strontium nitrate and barium nitrate.
Starting point is 00:58:51 If those names don't mean much to you, here's the quick version. These are chemical compounds used in pyrotechnics. Strontium salts are what give fireworks and signal flares their bright red color. Barium compounds produce green. The new Subaru Cross Trek Hybrid is the most fuel-efficient cross-trecht yet. That means less time filling your tank and more time filling your day. More court time, more ride time, more lake time, more camp time, more go time. The new 2027 Subaru Cross-Trek hybrid. Consumer Reports top-rated subcompact SUV. Stop by your local Subaru dealership or visit
Starting point is 00:59:29 Subaru.cai to learn more. Consumer reports that's not indoors products or services. So your decaf oat milk extra but not piping hot, four pumps of caramel, no sugar, small latte and a large cup. That will be 10 minutes. No worries. I'm having fun on Playojo. And I keep it fun with all the latest slot and live casino games. Plus I get instant payouts with no minimum withdrawals. Here's your decaf oat milk extra but not piping hot. Ah, thanks. Playtime's over. Mmm, lovely. Feel the fun. Playojo. 19 plus Ontario only. Please play responsibly. Conserved about your gambling or that if someone close to you. Call 1866-531-2600 to visit connectsonterio.ca. They're also used in military applications. For example,
Starting point is 01:00:07 are laser ammunition and signal rockets, where a bright visible flame helps soldiers see where their shots are going, or send signals at night. So these are not exactly the kind of things you pick up on the way home with a loaf of bread. They're industrial and military materials. So now the shopping list reads water, fruit and ingredients for flares and ammunition. It's like getting a note from your roommate that says, please buy milk, bananas and a crate of explosives. Why the friends needed these particular chemicals is never fully explained in a way that satisfies
Starting point is 01:00:36 everyone. Believers speculate that they were used in the friend's technology or their bases in some way we can't understand. Skeptics raise an eyebrow and point out that barium and strontium are exactly what you'd need to make glowing lights appear in the night sky. Hold that thought, because lights in the sky will come up again in our story. Now let's talk about how the deliveries actually work, because this is where the whole operation goes from strange to absolutely surreal. Picture Italy in the late 1950s. The country is still building its modern road. network. In fact, construction on the famous Autostrada del Soli, the great highway that would eventually connect Milan with Naples, only begins in 1956, and the full route won't be finished until
Starting point is 01:01:17 1964. So for most of these years, if you want to transport goods across the country, you're using a lot of narrow winding roads through mountain passes, small towns and endless curves. Trucks are slow, noisy, and not exactly luxurious. Air conditioning is something that happens when you roll down the window, and power steering is a man with very strong arms. The group arranges for trucks to carry the supplies to isolated locations, remote spots in the countryside, empty areas far from towns and prying eyes. The trucks are often driven by hired drivers who are not part of the secret circle. These drivers have no idea who the real recipients of the cargo are. As far as they're concerned, it's just another delivery job. Drive to this remote place, drop off the goods, get paid, go home.
Starting point is 01:02:03 But here's the twist. Nobody actually unloads the trucks. There's no team of workers with hand carts, no aliens carrying crates of oranges into a hidden cave. Instead, the story describes a much stranger procedure. When the truck arrives, the members of the group take the driver aside and treat him to lunch. They sit down, they talk, they eat, they drink. And while the driver is enjoying his meal, the cargo simply vanishes from the truck. In a matter of seconds, the entire load disappears. Teleportation, according to the story. When the driver finishes lunch and goes back to his vehicle, the back is empty. Everything is gone. Crates, bottles, sacks, all of it. No noise, no mess, no sign of anyone having come near. Now think about how perfect this plan is from an Italian
Starting point is 01:02:48 perspective. What's the one thing that will reliably distract an Italian truck driver in the 1950s for a long time? A good lunch, not a sandwich, not a quick snack, a real lunch. pasta, meat, wine, bread, maybe a coffee and a little something stronger at the end. In a country where lunch is practically sacred, taking a driver out to eat is the most natural thing in the world. He's not going to be suspicious, he's going to be grateful. You could probably teleport the truck itself while he's working through the second course, and he'd barely notice. It's also a lovely contrast with how we think of deliveries today. Today, you order something online and a stressed courier runs to your door, drops a box and sprints away because he has
Starting point is 01:03:31 200 more stops before dinner. In the friendship story, the delivery system is reversed. The humans bring the goods to the aliens. The aliens take them instantly without lifting a finger, and the driver gets a free three-course meal. It's the only logistics company in history where the delivery man ends the day better fed than when he started. And of course there's a comic element in how the drivers must have felt. Imagine being one of these guys. You drive for hours through winding mountain roads. You arrive at a place in the middle of nowhere.
Starting point is 01:04:02 You're told not to worry about the cargo. You're taken to lunch, and when you come back, your truck is empty. No one came. No one signed anything. No forklift arrived. Did they ever ask questions? Did any of them go home and say to their wives, Darling, something very strange happened today?
Starting point is 01:04:19 We don't know. But it's hard not to imagine at least one day. confused driver standing next to an empty truck, scratching his head and wondering if the wine was stronger than usual. And then there's the question that probably occurred to you already. Who's paying for all this? This is where the story becomes surprisingly down to earth. The costs of the operation, according to the accounts, fall almost entirely on the humans. Buying water in large quantities, buying fruit by the crate, buying industrial chemicals, renting trucks, paying drivers, covering fuel, tolls, meals and all the other expenses,
Starting point is 01:04:53 it adds up, and it's the members of the group who cover most of it out of their own pockets. Just think about the irony. On one side, you have a confederation of advanced civilizations with hidden bases around the planet and the ability to teleport a truckload of oranges in seconds. On the other side, you have a group of Italians in the 1950s, a country still recovering from war, where many families, are only just affording their first fridge. And guess who's paying for the groceries? The humans. It's a bit like being invited to join a secret society of billionaires, and then discovering that you're the one who has to buy the snacks every week.
Starting point is 01:05:29 The aliens can bend space, but apparently they can't run a tab at the local fruit market. In some ways, it's the most relatable part of the whole story. Anyone who has ever been part of a club, a team, or a volunteer group knows the feeling. The mission is noble, the goals are grand, and somehow you still end up paying for the pizza. This raises an obvious question, and it didn't escape Gaspar de Lama. Why? Why would beings with such incredible technology need humans to buy and transport supplies for them at all? If they can teleport a load of goods from a truck,
Starting point is 01:06:03 why not just teleport it straight from a warehouse? If they can build bases under mountains and oceans, why not grow their own fruit? Why involve 100 ordinary people in a complicated, expensive network of deliveries that could easily attract attention, Gasparay, being the practical Milanese that he is, comes up with his own theory. He suspects that the logistics are not really about the supplies at all, or at least not mainly.
Starting point is 01:06:27 He begins to think that the whole system is a kind of test, a test of cooperation, of trust, of unity. The friends don't just want water and fruit. They want to see whether a group of humans can work together, share the burden, sacrifice their time and money, and stay loyal to each other, and to the mission, without anyone getting greedy, lazy or resentful.
Starting point is 01:06:49 In other words, Gaspers suspects that the truck deliveries are the world's most elaborate team-building exercise. Instead of trustfalls and awkward workshops in a hotel conference room, the aliens give their human friends a real challenge. Organize a secret supply chain across a country with bad roads, pay for it yourselves, keep it hidden from everyone and don't fall out with each other in the process. Any modern company that tries something like this today would call it leadership training and charge a fortune for it. If that's the idea, it's a surprisingly clever one. Because the hardest thing about any group project is not the task itself.
Starting point is 01:07:24 It's the people. Who pays more? Who works harder? Who takes credit? Who complains? A group of 100 people spending their own money on a secret mission is the perfect laboperatory for every human weakness. Pride.
Starting point is 01:07:38 Envy. Stinginess. Lasiness. suspicion. If they can hold together under those conditions, then maybe, just maybe, humanity has a chance. And later on, the friend's own explanations about why human cooperation matters to them will give Gasper's suspicion a much deeper meaning. It turns out that for the friends, the way people treat each other is not just a moral question, it's something far more practical, but we'll come to that part of the story in its own time. For now, picture the
Starting point is 01:08:07 friendship group in these early years. A psychologist and collector, from Abruzzo, a practical couple from Milan, and a growing circle of doctors, engineers and ordinary citizens, quietly running a secret delivery service for beings who claim to be the guardians of Earth's seventh civilization, buying fruit, ordering chemicals, renting trucks, organizing lunches, watching crates disappear, telling no one, paying for everything, and slowly realizing that they've been drawn into something much bigger than themselves. Unfortunately for their wallets, the friends are. just getting started, because the deliveries are only one side of the relationship. Very soon,
Starting point is 01:08:46 the friends will begin to show up in the human's daily lives in much more direct and much more startling ways, and some of those ways start with a perfectly ordinary household object that suddenly starts behaving very, very strangely. That object is a radio, and to appreciate just how strange this next part gets, it helps to remember what a radio meant to an Italian family in those years. Today, a radio is something you barely notice. It's an app on your phone, a button in your car, or a speaker in the corner of a cafe playing the same ten songs on repeat. But in Italy, in the late 1950s, a radio is a piece of furniture, a big wooden box with a glowing dial, knobs the size of cookies and a fabric grill across the front. It sits in the living room like a respected elder,
Starting point is 01:09:30 and the whole family gathers around it for news, music, football commentary and the evening programs. Italians even have to pay an annual license fee just to own one, so this isn't a gadget. It's an investment. These sets run on vacuum tubes, little glass bulbs that glow orange when they heat up. You turn the radio on, and then you wait, and wait. The tubes need time to warm up before any sound comes out, so turning on the radio is less like pressing play, and more like preheating an oven. When it finally works, you slowly turn the tuning knob, and a needle slides across a dial printed with the names of distant cities. Rome, Milan, London, Paris, Vienna, Moscow.
Starting point is 01:10:12 Between stations you get hissing, whistling and crackling, the mysterious noise of the airwaves. For a lot of people, that static is the sound of the invisible world. It's also worth remembering that radio is, in a sense, an Italian invention. In 1895, a young man from Bologna named Guglielmo Marconi starts sending wireless signals across his family's estate, and within a few years he's transmitting messages across the Atlantic. He wins the Nobel Prize in physics in 1909. And here's a fun detail that fits our story perfectly.
Starting point is 01:10:43 Around 1919, Marconi publicly suggested that some of the strange signals picked up by his stations might be coming from other planets. He wasn't the only one. Back in 1890, Nicola Tesla said he'd detected mysterious signals that he thought might be from Mars. And in August, 1924, when Mars passed unusually close to Earth, the United States even encouraged radio stations to go quiet for a few minutes every hour so scientists could listen for Martian messages. Nobody heard anything useful, unless you count static, which the Martians apparently had a lot to say about. So the idea that the heavens might talk through a radio is not new by the 1950s. What's new is that in the friendship story, the heavens don't just send faint beeps. They pull up a chair
Starting point is 01:11:27 and start a conversation. It begins with a simple instruction. Bruno tells Gasparais de Lama to go and buy a radio, just an ordinary receiver, nothing special, straight from a shop. Gasparay, the practical man from Milan, does as he's told. He brings the new radio home, plugs it in, and presumably waits for the tubes to warm up like everyone else in Italy, and about five minutes later, a green flame bursts out of it. Let's just pause on that for a moment. You've just spent good money on a brand new radio. You've carried it home, maybe proudly placed it in the living room, perhaps already planning which evening programme you'll listen to first, and within five minutes it's spitting green fire. Most people at this point would unplug it, throw a wet towel over it, and march straight
Starting point is 01:12:12 back to the shop demanding a refund. Good luck explaining that one to the store clerk. Yes, sir, it worked fine for a few minutes, and then it caught fire in an unusual colour. No, sir, I didn't drop it. Yes, sir, it was green. But this is not a defective radio. at least not according to the story. After the green flame, the devices, let's say, upgraded. From that moment on, the radio doesn't just pick up stations, it speaks. A voice comes out of it that does not belong to any broadcaster, any announcer, or any musician. It's the voice of one of the friends, a being called Siger. And here's the part that makes this story so wonderfully Italian.
Starting point is 01:12:49 Siger speaks with an Abruziz accent. You might remember that the beings at the castle impressed everyone with their flawless textbook Italian. Well, Siger apparently didn't get the memo. He talks like someone from the hills around Piscara, which raises all kinds of delightful questions. Did he learn Italian by hanging around Bruno too much? Is there a regional dialect module in alien technology? Did the Confederation assign him to the Abruzzo office, and he just went native?
Starting point is 01:13:15 You travel across the galaxy with technology beyond human imagination, and you still end up sounding like the guy who sells cheese at the local market. It's the most down-to-earth thing an alien has ever done. What makes this voice even more remarkable is that it doesn't depend on any particular station. It doesn't matter where you set the dial. You can turn the knob from one end to the other, past Rome and London and Vienna, and Sidge's voice is still there on any frequency. It's as if the entire radio has become a direct phone line to the friends.
Starting point is 01:13:47 The concept of changing the channel simply stops working. For anyone who has ever wanted to escape a boring radio host, this is the nightmare scenario. There's no station you can switch to. Siger is on all of them. The most famous episode connected to this talking radio happens during a gathering in Gaspar's home. There are about a dozen guests sitting around the room. People connected to the group, friends, acquaintances, curious souls, the radio is on and the voice begins to speak. And then it does something that absolutely stuns everyone present. It greets each guest by name, one by one, and not in some random order, but it is a little bit of a sudden. But it is a lot of
Starting point is 01:14:24 exactly the order in which they're sitting around the room, as if the voice can see them, as if whoever is speaking is right there in the room, looking at each face and saying hello. Imagine being one of those guests. You arrive for what you might have thought was a slightly eccentric evening among friends. You sit on a sofa, maybe holding a glass of wine, and suddenly a radio calls out your name in sequence with the people to your left and right. Not the host introducing you, the radio. That's the kind of moment where you slow, put the wine down and quietly rethink every life choice that led you to that sofa. Today we're used to devices that know a lot about us. Our phones know where we are. Our smart
Starting point is 01:15:04 speakers recognise our voices. Our apps greet us by name when we open them. But even now, we'd be shocked if a speaker in the corner said hello to every person in the room individually, in seating order, without anyone telling it who was there. In the late 1950s, with a wooden box full of glowing tubes, it would have felt like pure magic, and then Siger does something even more personal. At one point during these conversations, Gasparay is sitting there feeling uneasy. Maybe he's anxious, maybe he's doubting, maybe he's just worrying about something in his life. He doesn't say it out loud, he's just thinking it. And the voice from the radio calls him out, Cigar addresses Gasper directly and gently scolds him about the very thoughts he's having.
Starting point is 01:15:47 As if Gasper's private worries were being broadcast on the same frequency as everything else. So now we've gone from a talking radio to a mind-reading radio. And honestly, this is the most terrifying feature of all. Everyone has thoughts they'd rather keep to themselves. Imagine sitting at a dinner party and quietly thinking, this pastor is a bit over-cooked, and suddenly a voice from the corner says, Gaspare, that's not a very kind thought. The social consequences alone would be devastating. From that moment on, the Delammer household probably became the most carefully polite home in all of Milan. For believers in the friendship story this episode is powerful evidence,
Starting point is 01:16:25 how could anyone fake a voice that knows the names and positions of a dozen people and responds to someone's unspoken thoughts? For sceptics, there are other possibilities, of course, a hidden microphone, a person listening from another room, an accomplice who knows the guests, or simply a group of people very ready to be amazed. We'll talk more about the sceptical side of the story later. For now, let's stay inside the story and ask the question Gaspers surely asked himself, how on earth does this work? The answer, according to the friends, is a technology called the nuclei. In the friendship accounts, nuclei are small devices that the friends can place almost anywhere. They can be inserted into an object like a radio. They can be
Starting point is 01:17:07 installed in a room, turning the entire space into a kind of sensing and communicating environment, and most surprisingly they can even be placed inside a living creature. Once a nucleus is in place, it allows the friends to see, hear, talk and interact through it. A kind of remote presence. Eyes, ears and a voice, all in one. So when Siger greets the guests in order, it's not because he's hiding behind the curtain. It's because the room itself, or the radio,
Starting point is 01:17:35 is connected to him through these devices. The nuclei act as a bridge between the friends and the human world. And given what happens with Gasper's thoughts, the nuclear apparently don't just pick up sound. They pick up something deeper. If this sounds familiar, it's because we're living in a world that is slowly building its own, much less magical version. Smart speakers that listen for a wake word. Cameras in doorbells, sensors in thermostats, microchips in bank cards and passports.
Starting point is 01:18:03 We carry around little devices that constantly collect information and connect us to distant servers. The friendship story described a fully connected smart home decades before anyone had heard of Wi-Fi. The difference is that in 1950s, Milan Your Smart Home was on. run by a tech company. It was run by an alien with a regional accent. And that brings us to the most famous nucleus carrier in the entire friendship story. It's not a radio. It's not a room. It's a dog. Bruno Samachicchica had a German shepherd, and according to the story, the friends placed a nucleus inside this dog. That meant the dog became a kind of living link to the friends. Through the animal, they could observe what was happening around it and interact with the people nearby. So you have a loyal,
Starting point is 01:18:45 intelligent guard dog who is also, secretly, a cosmic communication device. There's something both touching and hilarious about this. German shepherds are famous for being working dogs. They guide the blind, they help police, they herd sheep, they search for people after disasters. They're the overachievers of the dog world. And Bruno's dog, apparently, took it one step further and got a job with an interplanetary confederation. Imagine the pride. Other dogs in the neighbourhood are fetching sticks, and this one is essentially on the staff of an alien embassy. It also puts a new spin on that classic feeling many dog owners have. You know the look your dog gives you sometimes, when it tilts its head and stares at you as if it understands every word, maybe even judges your decisions. In Bruno's
Starting point is 01:19:30 house, that might not have been your imagination. Someone else could have been looking through those eyes too. Today, of course, putting a small chip in a pet is completely normal. Millions of dogs and cats around the world have tiny identification microchips under their skin, about the size of a grain of rice, so they can be identified if they get lost. But those chips do nothing unless someone scans them. They don't record, they don't talk, and they definitely don't host aliens. Bruno's dog was running a much more advanced model. Now, as with any technology, the nuclear has one very human-sounding problem. They need recharging. We all know this struggle. Phones, laptops, headphones, electric toothbrushes, everything we own needs to be plugged in constantly, and there's always
Starting point is 01:20:13 one device that dies at the worst possible moment. It turns out, according to the story, that even alien technology doesn't escape this curse. The nuclei must be periodically recharged, and the way this happens is spectacular. About every 20 days, the apartment where the nuclei are active is lit up by huge blue arcs of light. Glowing, crackling bands, stretching several meters across the room, like electrical discharges but silent and controlled, filling the space with an eerie blue glow. This, the friends explain, is the recharging process. The nuclei are being topped up with energy. Picture living in a building in 1950s Italy. You're coming home one evening carrying your shopping bags up the stairs, and through the window of your neighbour's apartment
Starting point is 01:20:58 you see enormous blue arcs dancing across the ceiling. What would you think? A short circuit, a fire, a very enthusiastic science experiment, or the most extreme case of faulty wiring in Italian history? And how do you even begin that conversation at the next building meeting? Excuse me, Signor de Lama? Is everything all right with your electricity? Oh yes, don't worry. My alien surveillance devices are just charging. If you've ever seen a Tesla coil in action, you've seen something vaguely similar. Bright, branching sparks of electricity leaping through the air with loud cracks and buzzing. Nicola Tesla built these machines in the 1890s, and they're still used today in science museums to
Starting point is 01:21:38 terrify children and impress adults. The blue arcs in the friendship story sound like a Tesla coil that went to finishing school, just as dramatic but much more polite. No burned curtains, no explosions, no fire department, just a regular cosmic battery refill. Of course, what the neighbours really thought, we'll never know. Maybe they never saw anything. Maybe they did and assumed it was lightning or some new kind of television. Italy was going through a technological boom, after all. People were buying gadgets they didn't fully understand every week. A few blue arcs might just have been filed under modern appliances, so by now the friends are no longer distant figures who appear only in remote fields. They're present in homes, in radios, in rooms, even in a dog. They talk, they listen,
Starting point is 01:22:23 they know people's names and thoughts. The line between the human world and theirs is getting very thin. But there's still one thing missing from this story. Something. that anyone who hears it would immediately ask for. Proof. It's one thing to tell your friends that aliens talk to you through a radio. It's quite another to show them a picture. And in the early 1960s, the friends apparently decide to give their human partners something that can be seen, photographed and printed in a magazine. To understand the setting, let's jump forward a few years to the Milan of 1962. By now, Italy's economic miracle is in full swing, and Milan is its engine room. factories are humming, offices are expanding and people from all over the country, especially from the south, are moving north to find work.
Starting point is 01:23:09 New apartment blocks are rising on the edges of the city and the skyline is changing. In 1960, the Pirelli Tower is completed, a sleek skyscraper about 127 metres tall that becomes a symbol of the new modern Italy. It's the kind of building that makes Milanese people stand a little straighter and say, see, we're not just about cathedrals, and it's a great time to be looking up because 1962 is a big year for the sky in general. The space race is heating up. In April 1961, the Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first human to orbit the Earth. On February 20, 1962, the American astronaut John Glenn will become the first American to orbit the planet, circling it three times in a tiny capsule while the whole world holds its breath.
Starting point is 01:23:53 humanity is taking its very first steps into space, and it's treating each one like the greatest achievement in history, which, to be fair, it is. Now remember those dates, because on February 12, 1962, just eight days before John Glenn's famous flight, three men are standing on a rooftop in Milan, waiting for a flying saucer. The three men are Gaspari de Lama, Bruno Samachicha, and a journalist named Bruno Gibaldi. Gibaldi is interested in the UFO phenomenon, and has written about flying sources in the Italian press. For a story like this, having a journalist present is a big deal. It's the difference between telling your friends about a strange light
Starting point is 01:24:33 and having someone ready to take pictures and put them in print. But here's the most fascinating part. They're not up there hoping to get lucky. They're not scanning the sky for hours, waiting for something random to appear. They've been told exactly when to show up. The friends have given them a specific time, an appointment, and they're standing on that roof like people waiting for a bus that runs on a schedule.
Starting point is 01:24:56 For anyone who has ever relied on Italian public transport, this detail alone is almost more miraculous than the spaceship. In Italy, there's an old myth that Mussolini made the trains run on time, acclaim historians have mostly debunked, because even under a dictatorship, Italian trains remained deeply committed to their own personal sense of timing, and yet, in the friendship story, an alien spacecraft is expected to show up over Milan at a setting.
Starting point is 01:25:21 tower. If the friends had been in charge of the Italian rail network, the country would have been transformed overnight. So the three men wait on the rooftop looking out over the grey, wintry city. February and Milan is not exactly tropical. It's cold, damp and frequently foggy, which is a terrible combination for anyone hoping to photograph something in the sky. Milan's fog is legendary. On some days, it's so thick you can't see across the street. Planning an alien sighting in Milan in February is a bit like planning a beach part. in the middle of a snowstorm, but apparently the friends have excellent timing, and possibly some control over the weather too because the sighting goes ahead.
Starting point is 01:25:59 At the appointed time, something appears in the sky, a disc-shaped object with a dome on top, the classic flying saucer shape, the kind you'd see on the cover of a science fiction magazine. It's there, visible, clear enough to photograph, and the men on the roof do exactly what they came to do. They take pictures. These photographs are not tucked away in a drawer. they're published in one of the biggest weekly magazines in Italy.
Starting point is 01:26:23 Suddenly, a huge national audience can see what the Friendship Group claims is one of their friend's craft, captured over Milan. For a secret society that has been quietly running truck deliveries and talking to radios, this is a massive step. It's like going from a private group chat to the front page. Of course, in the history of UFOs, photographs have always been controversial. Back in the 1950s, some of the most famous flying saucer photos came from George Adamski, and critics argued that his so-called scout ship looked suspiciously like the top of a lamp or a piece of farm equipment.
Starting point is 01:26:55 Other photos were exposed as hats, pie tins, hub caps or models hanging from strings. Faking a UFO photo was a popular hobby, and some people were very good at it. So when a new photo appeared, the first thing any serious investigator would do was look for the tell-tale signs of trickery. According to the story, when experts examined the Milan photographs they found nothing suspicious. no threads holding up a model, no signs of a double exposure or of two images glued together, no visible manipulation of the negatives. In the pre-digital era, faking a photo usually meant physically tampering with film or prints,
Starting point is 01:27:32 and a trained eye could often spot the evidence. Here, as the story goes, there was nothing to spot. The disc was simply there. But the friends aren't finished with their photo sessions. Later on, Gasprey decides to push things further, Instead of waiting for the friends to name a time and place, he chooses them himself. In effect, he's testing the friends. If they're really so cooperative, will they show up when a human sets the appointment?
Starting point is 01:27:57 This is such a Gasper move. The practical Milanese doesn't just accept the demonstration. He wants to design the experiment. It's the attitude of someone who, when a magician asks him to pick a card, insists on bringing his own deck. So Gasper picks a time and a location, a field outside the city, and he brings a movie camera. In the early 1960s, home movie cameras are becoming more common in wealthier families. These are cameras that use small reels of film, usually 8mm, and they're
Starting point is 01:28:27 wound up or battery powered. They used to record birthdays, holidays and weddings, the kind of shaky family films where everyone waves at the camera for no reason. So Gasper brings along the equipment you'd normally use to film your cousin cutting a wedding cake, and he goes out to film an alien spacecraft, and according to the story, the friends accept the challenge. At the time and place Gaspar has chosen, the craft appears. Gasper films it with his movie camera, and then things get even more dramatic. After the filming, as Gasper and his companions get into their car and drive away, the saucer follows them. For a while, it accompanies the car along the road, like an escort. Just imagine being in that car. It's the early 1960s. You're driving on a quiet Italian road,
Starting point is 01:29:12 maybe in a small fiat that shakes over every bump, and beside you in the sky, there's a flying saucer keeping pace. Other drivers are worrying about potholes and traffic police. You're worrying about whether your alien escort is going to follow you all the way home and park outside your building. It's also, in a way, the most Italian traffic situation imaginable. On Italian roads, it often feels like everyone is following too closely. Tailgating is practically a national sport, so in a sense, the saucer was just blending in with local driving customs. After these demonstrations, the obvious questions become even louder. How can these craft appear and disappear so suddenly? How can they show up exactly where and when they're expected, even when the time and place are chosen by a human? How can
Starting point is 01:29:58 they stay hidden most of the time, yet be clearly visible and photographable when they want to be? The friends, according to the story, have explanations for this too. First they say, they can make themselves visible or invisible at will. Their craft don't need to hide behind clouds or fly at night to avoid being seen. They can simply choose whether human eyes and human cameras can see them or not. So the reason nobody spotted them over Milan on most days is not that they weren't there. It's that they didn't want to be seen. Second, and even more mind-blowing, they don't travel the way we do. When we move from one place to another, we have to cross the space in between. A car drives down a road, a plane flies across the sky, a rocket climbs through the atmosphere.
Starting point is 01:30:43 Every trip is aligned from point A to point B. The friends claim that they can move from one point to another without passing through the space between them. In other words, they don't just move fast, they skip the journey entirely. That idea connects neatly with the vanishing cargo from the truck deliveries, as we saw earlier. And, in a very different context,
Starting point is 01:31:03 it also recalls the reports about Padra Pio being in two places at once. The friendship story keeps circling back to this dream of escaping distance. For humans in the 1960s stuck with slow roads, crowded trains and airplanes that required hours of travel, the idea of simply being somewhere else without making the trip was the ultimate fantasy. Honestly, it still is. Anyone who has spent a holiday weekend stuck in traffic on an Italian highway would sell their soul for that technology.
Starting point is 01:31:32 Science fiction was already playing with this concept. A few years later, in 1966, the TV series Star Trek, introduced the transporter, the famous device that beams people from a spaceship down to a planet. And the funny thing is that one of the main reasons the show's creators came up with the transporter was budget. Building sets and effects for the starship landing on a new planet every week would have been too expensive, so they decided to just make the characters dissolve in a shimmer of light and reappear on the surface. One of the most iconic science fiction technologies of all time was born partly as a cost-cutting measure. The Friends, meanwhile,
Starting point is 01:32:10 apparently had it for real, and still made the humans pay for the fruit. In real physics, the idea of moving between two points without crossing the space between them is not as crazy as it might sound, at least on paper. In 1935, Albert Einstein and Nathan Rosen described a theoretical structure in spacetime that later became known as a wormhole, a kind of tunnel that could, in principle, connect two distant points in the universe. Nobody has ever found one, and there are huge problems with the idea of travelling through one, but it shows up in scientific papers, not just in comic books, and in 1997, researchers achieved something called quantum teleportation, transferring the quantum state of a particle of light from one place to another. Before you get
Starting point is 01:32:55 too excited, that's not the same as beaming a person, or even a single orange, from a truck to an underground base. It's information about a tiny particle, not the particle itself, but it shows that the dream of teleportation has made its way from myth to the physics lab, even if only in a very small and very nerdy form. So now the friendship group has more than stories. They have a talking radio that reads Mines, a German shepherd working for an alien confederation, a living room that regularly lights up with blue arcs, photographs of a domed disc over Milan published in a major magazine and a home movie of a spacecraft that turned up on a human schedule and then followed a car down the road. For the people inside the group, this must have felt like overwhelming confirmation.
Starting point is 01:33:38 The friends were real, they were powerful and they were willing to show themselves. But seeing a spaceship in the sky is one thing. Visiting the place where these spaceships live is something else entirely. And very soon, Bruno is going to ask the friends a very bold question. He wants to see their home, and the answer he gets is going to take him somewhere no human was supposed to go. It's one of those requests that sounds perfectly reasonable between friends and completely outrageous between species. After years of deliveries, radio chats and rooftop photo sessions, Bruno simply asks, can I see where you live? It's the cosmic version of finally being invited over after years of always meeting at the cafe, and the friends remarkably say yes.
Starting point is 01:34:20 The way the story tells it, the moment comes in an empty field near the Adriatic coast. Nothing special about the place. Grass, dirt, maybe a few scrubby bushes and the sea glittering somewhere in the distance. No suspicious hatches, no metal doors, no signs saying authorised personnel only. It's the kind of field where a farmer might graze sheep or where kids might kick a ball around on a Sunday afternoon. Bruno is there with one of the friends, the tall one, the three-meter giant, and what happens next is so understated it's almost funny. The giant doesn't press a button. He doesn't pull out a remote control or say a magic word or wave his hands dramatically in the air. He just looks at the ground. That's it. He looks at it. And the ground opens.
Starting point is 01:35:04 A corridor appears in the middle of the empty field, a passage leading down into the earth. One second there's grass. The next there's an entrance. Think about how much effort we humans put into opening things. Keys, codes, passwords, fingerprint scanners, face recognition, security guards, forms in triplicate. Most of us can't even open a jar of pickles without a struggle. And here's a being who opens an underground complex with a glance. It's the ultimate power move. The aliens don't need a door handle.
Starting point is 01:35:35 The door is just waiting for eye contact, so Bruno goes in. And what he finds, according to the accounts later shared by the group, is staggering. The friend's headquarters, the story says, isn't a bunker or a cave or a secret room. It's an entire underground world. The base stretches for hundreds of kilometres under the sea and under the mountains. hundreds. To give you a sense of scale, the distance from Milan to Rome is roughly 480 kilometers in a straight line. So we're talking about a structure that could, in theory, run a good part of the length of Italy. The friends apparently didn't build a base. They built a country with a ceiling.
Starting point is 01:36:11 It helps to know a little about the geography here. Hold music. Not what you want to hear when a pipe dispersed and your basement is flooding. That's why intact insurance answers 2 million claim calls per year within 20 seconds. So instead of hearing this lovely track, you'll hear this in seconds. Hello, intact insurance. Unlock unlimited free grocery delivery with PC Express Pass. Shop online and get the same low, no frills prices delivered. Get your first year of PC Express Pass for just $2.50 a month. Learn more at nofrills.ca. The Adriatic Sea is the long, narrow arm of the Mediterranean that separates Italy from the Balkans. It's about 800 kilometers long.
Starting point is 01:36:53 and it's surprisingly shallow in many places. In the northern part, the average depth is only a few dozen meters. You could practically stand a tall building on the seabed and have its top poke out of the water. Further south, it gets much deeper, dropping to more than a thousand meters. And along the Italian side, especially in Abruzzo, the coast sits right in the shadow of the Apennine Mountains, with peaks like the Grand Saso and the Maella rising close to 3,000 meters. So if you wanted to hide something enormous under both sea and mountains, this corner of Italy would actually be a very convenient address, and now, for the most incredible detail of all. Inside the base, the ceilings are so high that it rains, not a leaky pipe, not condensation dripping down the walls,
Starting point is 01:37:38 actual rain, falling inside the structure, because the space is so vast that it creates its own weather. This sounds like pure fantasy, but here's the fun part. It's not entirely impossible, even for humans. In Florida, at the Kennedy Space Center, there's a building called the Vehicle Assembly Building, finished in 1966 to stack the giant Saturn 5 rockets that carried astronauts to the moon. It's one of the largest buildings in the world by volume, and it's so enormous that on very humid days, moisture can gather near the ceiling and form clouds, and the building has a reputation for producing its own drizzle. NASA built a hangar so big it needed an internal weather forecast. The Friends, according to the story, just took the same idea and scaled
Starting point is 01:38:23 it up by a few hundred kilometres. Imagine working in a place like that. You don't just check the weather before leaving home. You check the weather in the office, bring an umbrella, it's cloudy in the East Wing today. For the 1950s and 1960s, when most Italians still lived in small apartments with tiny windows, the idea of a building so huge that clouds float inside it must have sounded completely unreal. Of course, the obvious engineering question immediately jumps out. If you dig a tunnel hundreds of kilometres long, where does all the rock go? Human tunnel builders face this problem all the time, and the answer is usually, somewhere very inconvenient. When the channel tunnel between England and France was built in the late 1980s and early 1990s,
Starting point is 01:39:07 workers dug out millions of cubic metres of chalk and rock. On the English side, so much of it piled up that engineers used it to create an entirely new piece of land along the coast near Dover, a nature area called Samfire Ho, covering around 30 hectares. The British literally made their country slightly bigger by digging a hole to France. That's the kind of thing that happens when you move that much earth. It has to go somewhere, and it usually takes an army of trucks to get it there. The Friends, according to the story, had a much more elegant solution. They don't remove the rock at all, they compress it.
Starting point is 01:39:40 Instead of digging it out and carting it away, they squeeze it. pack it tighter and tighter so that the space opens up without any leftover debris. No spoil heaps, no convoys of trucks, no dust clouds over the countryside, no angry neighbours complaining about noise. For anyone who has ever lived next to a construction site in Italy, this alone would be the most miraculous technology in the entire story. An Italian building project with no noise, no mess and no delays. Now that's truly beyond this world. And because the rock is compressed rather than remorse, removed, the process can be reversed in a sense. The entrance can close, and when it closes,
Starting point is 01:40:18 it leaves no trace, no crack in the ground, no seam, no disturbed soil. You could walk across that field an hour later, stamp your feet on the exact spot where the corridor opened, and feel nothing but solid earth. Which also explains, from the story's point of view, why nobody has ever stumbled across one of these entrances by accident. They don't just hide, they heal. For anyone thinking like a skeptic, that's also a very convenient property. A secret base whose doors vanish without a trace is also a secret base nobody can ever check. We'll come back to that kind of question later. But inside the story, this detail makes perfect sense. The friends have been living on Earth for a long time, and they've clearly mastered the art of not leaving evidence behind. They'd be a nightmare
Starting point is 01:41:03 for any crime scene investigator. Now, if you think hidden underground cities are only for aliens, history has a surprise for you. In 1963 in the region of Cappadocia and central Turkey, a man was renovating his house when he knocked down a wall and discovered a mysterious tunnel behind it. That tunnel led to something extraordinary, an ancient underground city now known as Deringkuy. It goes down about 85 metres into the ground, with many levels of rooms, stables, chapels, wine presses, ventilation shafts and passages. Some estimates suggest it could have sheltered thousands of people, along with their livestock during times of danger.
Starting point is 01:41:41 The entrances could be sealed with huge round stone doors rolled into place from the inside. Just imagine the renovation stories he could tell. Most people knock down a wall and find old wiring. This guy found a lost city. And there's a modern example right in the Friendship Heartland. Deep under the Grand Saso mountain in Abruzzo, the same region where Bruno lived, Italy built one of the largest underground physics laboratories in the world. It opened in the late 1980s, tucked under roughly 1,400 metres of rock, with huge halls
Starting point is 01:42:12 where scientists study neutrinos, dark matter and other mysterious particles that are easier to detect when you're shielded from cosmic radiation. So under the mountains of Abruzzo, there really is a hidden underground facility full of people doing incredibly advanced research. It just happens to be run by physicists instead of aliens, and the star feet in a normal cafeteria rather than swallowing green tablets. And that brings us to perhaps the most delightfully absurd detail of the whole underground saga. The base doesn't just have entrances in empty fields.
Starting point is 01:42:44 According to the stories, one of the entrances is hidden behind a locker in a Red Cross station. Let that sink in. A first aid post, a place where volunteers store bandages, stretches and blankets, where people come in with sprained ankles and cut fingers. And behind one of the lockers, there's a passage to a secret alien headquarters stretching under the sea. The Italian Red Cross, by the way, is one of the oldest in the world. It was founded in Milan in 1864, just a year after the International Committee of the Red Cross was established in Geneva. For more than a century, its volunteers have been showing up at disasters,
Starting point is 01:43:20 wars, earthquakes and floods to help people. It's hard to think of a more trustworthy and less suspicious place. Nobody looks at a Red Cross station and thinks, I bet there's a tunnel to an extraterrestrial city back there. It's also a wonderful echo of one of the most famous stories of the 20th century. In 1950, C.S. Lewis published The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe, in which four children discover that the back of an old wardrobe leads to a magical land. For generations of readers, every old wardrobe became a potential portal. The friendship story gives us the Italian upgrade. Forget the wardrobe in a country house. The real portal is a metal locker in a first-aid station, less romantic, admittedly, but much more practical if you need a bandage on the way to meet
Starting point is 01:44:04 the aliens, and you do have to wonder about the day-to-day logistics of that arrangement. What if a new volunteer opened the wrong locker? What if someone needed extra blankets and found a corridor to another world instead? Somewhere there must have been a volunteer who was told, very firmly, don't touch that locker, it's jammed, and never asked why. So now the picture is complete. The friends live in a staggering underground world beneath the Adriatic. and the mountains, with ceilings high enough to hold clouds, entrances that open with a glance and close without a scar, and at least one secret door disguised as the least suspicious piece of furniture in Italy. It's an incredible thing to be shown. But it also raises a question that has been
Starting point is 01:44:45 hanging over the entire story since that first night at the castle. Why all the secrecy? If the friends are so powerful and so kind, why not simply land in Piazza San Marco in Venice, or on the steps of St. Peter's in Rome, and introduce themselves to the whole world? Why hide in tunnels, speak through radios, appear only to a small circle of trusted people and make them promise not to tell anyone. A group of beings who can open the ground with a look surely doesn't need to worry about a few journalists with cameras. The answer the friends give is that the secrecy isn't there to protect them, it's there to protect humans. Because the friends, it turns out, are not the only non-human beings with an interest in planet Earth. There is
Starting point is 01:45:26 another group, and this group is far from friendly. To understand who they are, we have to go back to the friend's own past, and to a mistake they made long ago. According to the story, the W-56, the friends themselves, once carried out a genetic experiment. Their goal was to create a new race of beings. Maybe they wanted helpers, maybe companions, maybe a new branch of intelligent life. The details are vague. What's not vague is how it ended. The experiment went wrong. The beings Things created by this experiment turned out to be intelligent, very intelligent, in fact, capable, technologically skilled and powerful. But they were missing something essential.
Starting point is 01:46:07 They had no soul, no capacity for love, compassion or real connection. They were brilliant, but empty. The friends call these beings CTR, and the Italians gave them a name that sounds almost like a character description, the contrari. In Italian, contrario means opposite, or against. So the contrari are, quite literally, the opposites. Everything the friends are, these beings are not. Italians even have an old expression, Bastion Contrario, for a person who always contradicts everyone just for the sake of it. You say it's sunny, he says it's going to rain. You say the pasta is perfect,
Starting point is 01:46:45 he says it needs salt. Every family has one. The friendship story just takes that familiar character and turns him into a cosmic enemy with advanced weapons. The story of a creation turning against its creator is one of the oldest and most powerful themes in human culture. In Jewish folklore, there's the legend of the Gollum, a figure made of clay and brought to life to protect a community, which in some versions grows uncontrollable and dangerous. The most famous version is set in Prague in the 16th century. Then, in 1818, Mary Shelley published Frankenstein, the tale of a scientist who builds a living being from dead body parts, and is horrified when his creation turns into a tragic, vengeful monster.
Starting point is 01:47:27 Shelly was just 20 years old when the book came out. Most people at 20 are figuring out how to cook pasta without burning it. She was inventing science fiction, and in the 1950s this ancient fear got a very modern upgrade. In 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick, building on crucial X-ray work by Rosaline Franklin, described the double helix structure of DNA. For the first time, humans began to understand the code of life. itself. It was one of the greatest scientific breakthroughs in history, and it immediately
Starting point is 01:48:00 raised a thrilling and slightly terrifying possibility. If we can read the code, one day we might be able to rewrite it. Decades later, in 1996, scientists in Scotland cloned a sheep named Dolly, and newspapers around the world debated whether humans were playing God. So when the friendship story talks about a genetic experiment gone wrong, it's plugging directly into one of the the biggest scientific anxieties of the century. According to the Friends, their conflict with the Contrari is not a small local dispute. It's a war that has spread across galaxies. The Friends and the CTR have been fighting on a scale that makes every human war look like a squabble in a sandbox, and in most places the story says this war has already been decided. The Friends have won almost
Starting point is 01:48:44 everywhere, almost. There's one place where the war is still unresolved, one battlefield where the outcome hangs in the balance, and you can probably guess which planet that is. Yes, Earth. Of all the planets in the universe, the final front line of an intergalactic war turns out to be the same place where we argue about parking spaces and where the pineapple belongs on pizza. It's humbling and flattering at the same time. On one hand, humanity is barely capable of organizing a group trip without someone getting lost. On the other hand, apparently we're living on the most contested piece of real estate in the cosmos. It's like finding out your quiet little neighbourhood is actually the setting of the season finale.
Starting point is 01:49:25 And this is where the need for secrecy makes sense, at least within the logic of the story. If humanity were openly drawn into this conflict, if the friends revealed themselves to everyone and made our planet an official part of their war, humans could become targets. The contraria dangerous, and ordinary people have no idea how to defend themselves against beings like that. So the friends stay hidden, work quietly and involve only a small number of trusted humans. It's the same logic as a witness protection program. The less people know, the safer they are. But the most fascinating part of this chapter of the friendship story isn't the war itself. It's
Starting point is 01:50:02 what the war is fought with. Because the friend's technology, according to their own explanation, doesn't run on anything we'd recognize as fuel. It's not powered by oil, coal, electricity or nuclear energy. It runs on feelings. The friends call this energy Uretta. According to the story, Eureta is a real, physical form of energy produced by positive human emotions and relationships. Trust, friendship, loyalty, affection. When people genuinely care for each other,
Starting point is 01:50:33 when they cooperate and stay faithful to each other, they generate Eretta. And this energy is what powers the friend's technology. The nuclei, the craft, the bases, all of it depends on this subtle, invisible energy produced by love and friendship. In other words, the Friends' spaceships run on good vibes, and not in a hippie, metaphorical way. In the story, Eureta is as real and measurable to them as electricity as to us.
Starting point is 01:51:00 If we had this system on Earth, your power bill would depend on how well you got along with your family. Have a big fight at dinner? The lights flicker. Make up with your sister after ten years. Your whole building gets free heating for a month. The Contrari, meanwhile, have their own energy source, and it's the exact opposite. The story calls it RETA. RETA is the energy of discord, conflict, betrayal and division.
Starting point is 01:51:25 When people quarrel, when they deceive each other, when they break promises and turn against their friends, they produce RETA. And that is the energy the contrary feed on. They get stronger when humans get nastier. So the entire cosmic war comes down to two opposing kinds of fuel. One side runs on love, the other on hate. It's a surprisingly simple and very old idea
Starting point is 01:51:47 dressed in science fiction clothes. In ancient Persia, the religion of Zoroastrianism described the world as a battlefield between a god of truth and light, a Hurah Mazda, and a destructive spirit of chaos and lies. In the 3rd century, a prophet named Mani founded a religion, manichyism, built entirely around the struggle between the forces of light and the forces of darkness, and it spread from the Roman Empire all the the way to China. And in 1977, a certain film about a galaxy far, far away, gave us a mysterious energy field with a light side and a dark side. The friendship story came before that movie, but it shares the same basic idea. The universe has a positive energy and a negative one, and your choices decide which one you're feeding, and here's where the story unexpectedly
Starting point is 01:52:33 touches something that modern science takes seriously, at least in a very different sense. Since 1938, Harvard University has been running one of the longest studies of human life ever conducted, following hundreds of people and later their children for decades. One of its most famous conclusions is that the quality of our relationships is one of the strongest predictors of a long, healthy and happy life, not wealth, not fame, not career success, relationships. Other researchers have found that chronic loneliness is associated with serious health risks, and some have compared its effects to those of heavy smoking. Our bodies even release a hormone, oxytocin, during moments of trust, bonding, and closeness,
Starting point is 01:53:16 which is sometimes nicknamed the cuddle hormone. So, no, human friendship doesn't power flying sources, but it does seem to power something very important, us. It's also hard not to see a modern twist in the idea of retta. Today, a lot of the online world is built around content that makes people angry, because anger keeps us clicking, commenting and scrolling. Outrage spreads faster than kindness. If the contrarie really fed on human conflict, the internet would be there all-you-can-eat-buffe. Somewhere a CTR is looking at a comment section and rubbing his hands with delight. So let's go back to something that has been nagging at us since the truck deliveries.
Starting point is 01:53:55 Remember Gasper's theory, the idea that the whole complicated supply operation might be a test of the group's unity. In the light of Eureta, that theory suddenly looks less like a clever guess. and more like the core of the entire relationship. Think about what the delivery is actually required. A hundred people had to trust each other. They had to share costs, divide tasks, keep secrets, cover for each other, and stay loyal to the mission without getting anything obvious in return. Every time someone paid for a load of fruit without complaining, every time a couple drove through the mountains to organise a delivery, every time the group met and worked together in harmony, they weren't just helping the friends
Starting point is 01:54:32 in a practical sense. According to the story, they were producing Uretta. Their friendship itself was the real delivery. In that light, the water and fruit and chemicals almost become secondary. They're the excuse, the training exercise, the reason to work together. The real product being manufactured is the emotional bond between the people. It's a bit like a coach who makes a team run laps, not because running laps wins games, but because it builds discipline and trust.
Starting point is 01:55:00 The friends didn't just need supplies. They needed a team that could generate the energy they depended on. and the only way to build that team was to give it something to do together. That also explains why the friends could teleport cargo in seconds, but still let humans pay for it. If they had simply taken what they needed, there would have been no sacrifice, no shared effort, no bond. From the friend's perspective, the bill wasn't a burden. It was the whole point. It's the most expensive friendship program in history, but within the logic of the story it was literally keeping the lights on. And according to the story, this energy wasn't just a pleasant bonus.
Starting point is 01:55:34 the friends literally breathed it. It kept their technology running, kept their bases working, and kept them strong in their war against the contrari, which means the fate of an intergalactic conflict depended in part on whether a group of Italians could manage to keep getting along with each other. No pressure. If you've ever been part of a group of friends, a club, a family business, or even a WhatsApp chat with more than ten people in it,
Starting point is 01:55:57 you already know how fragile that is. People have egos. They get tired, jealous, frustrated, They argue about money, about who's doing more work, about who's in charge. The Friends had essentially bet the future of Earth on the one thing humans find hardest to maintain over the long term, harmony. Unsurprisingly, as we'll see, that turns out to be a very risky bet. But in these middle years of the story, the system seems to be working. The group is active, the Friends are present, and the Eureta keeps flowing.
Starting point is 01:56:26 And yet, the Friends' concerns about humanity go far beyond one small circle of Italians. They've told Bruno that the previous civilisations destroyed themselves with their own technology, and they've come early because of the nuclear arms race. So the question is, would they ever do more than watch and warn? Would they ever step in directly and interfere with humanity's most dangerous weapons? Some believers in the friendship story are convinced the answer is yes, and to see why, we need to leave Italy for a while and travel to a missile base on the windy plains of Montana. Malmstrom Air Force Base sits near the city of Great Falls, Montana,
Starting point is 01:57:00 in a part of America that is mostly sky. Endless rolling prairie, wheat fields, cattle, freezing winters and winds that seem to come straight from the North Pole with a personal grudge. It's the kind of landscape where you can drive for an hour and see more cows than people, and in the 1960s hidden beneath this peaceful, empty countryside, was one of the most frightening collections of weapons ever assembled.
Starting point is 01:57:24 Scattered across thousands of square kilometres of Montana farmland were underground silos containing Minuteman intercontinental ballistic missiles. Each one was a rocket about 17 metres tall, designed to fly roughly 10,000 kilometres, cross the North Pole and deliver a nuclear warhead to a target in the Soviet Union. The warheads on these early Minuteman missiles packed a punch of around a megaton each, which means a single missile carried many dozens of times the destructive power of the bomb that destroyed Hiroshima, and there wasn't just one. There were well over a hundred of them around this one base alone.
Starting point is 01:57:58 Malmstrom was actually a pioneer. It became the first operational Minuteman base in the country, and its very first missiles were rushed onto alert in October 1962, right in the middle of the Cuban missile crisis, when the United States and the Soviet Union came closer to nuclear war than at any other moment in history. President John F. Kennedy reportedly saw these brand-new missiles as his ace in the hole. So by 1967, Malmstrom wasn't just some quiet base in the middle of nowhere. It was one of the beating hearts of America's nuclear deterrent. The name Minuteman, by the way, comes from the American War of Independence. The Minutemen were colonial militia volunteers who promised to be ready to fight at a minute's notice. The missiles were named that way because unlike earlier
Starting point is 01:58:41 rockets that took a long time to fuel and prepare, the Minuteman used solid fuel and could launch within minutes of receiving an order. So the entire point of these weapons, the thing they were literally named after, was being ready. Keep that in mind, because it's about to become deeply ironic. were organized in groups called flights. Each flight had 10 missiles, each in its own silo, spread out over the countryside several kilometers apart, and each flight was controlled from an underground launch control center, a reinforced capsule buried deep beneath the ground, where two officers sat on duty around the clock. To launch a missile, both officers would need to turn their keys at the same time, and the keys were placed far enough apart that one person couldn't reach both. It's the ultimate
Starting point is 01:59:24 trust exercise. You and your colleague share an underground room for 24 hours at a time, and your job is to be ready to end the world together, but only together. Life in these capsules was famously dull, at least on most days, hours of checklists, monitoring panels, eating packaged meals and trying to stay alert. Imagine an office job where the office is a steel box underground. You can't leave during your shift, there's no window, and the only thing on your desk is the power to launch a nuclear war. The job requires perfect concentration and absolutely nothing ever happens. Until, one day in March, 1967, something does. On March 16th, 1967, the officers on duty at the Launch Control Centre for Echo Flight were going through their routine. The deputy commander that day,
Starting point is 02:00:14 a young lieutenant named Walter Figgle, later described what happened. Suddenly the alarms went off, and one by one, in a matter of seconds, the status lights for the missiles began to change. All ten missiles of Echo Flight dropped into what the crews called a no-go state. In simple terms, they were no longer ready to launch. Now, for one missile to drop offline, that's a problem, but it happens. Maintenance issues, power glitches, a faulty component. Technicians go out, fix it, done. For all ten missiles in a flight to go down at almost the same moment is something else entirely.
Starting point is 02:00:47 These silos were separated by kilometres of countryside and had their own independent systems, designed specifically so that a single failure couldn't knock out the whole flight. So the idea that all ten suddenly decided to stop working at once was, to put it mildly, alarming. It's like ten cars parked in ten different towns all refusing to start at the same instant. And there was another detail that turned this technical headache into a legend. Around the time of the shutdown, personnel in the area reported, seeing strange objects in the sky. According to Figgles' later account, a security guard at one of the missile sites told him there was something hovering near the facility.
Starting point is 02:01:27 Maintenance teams and guards out on the frozen prairie were reporting lights and unusual objects, so on the same day that an entire flight of nuclear missiles went dark, people on the ground were looking up and seeing things they couldn't explain. The Air Force, of course, took this very seriously, not the flying sources necessarily, but the fact that ten nuclear missiles had just switched themselves off. Getting them back into working order took time, and an investigation was launched. Engineers from Boeing, the company that built the Minuteman, were brought in to figure out what had happened. According to the reports that later came out, the investigators concluded that something had sent an electrical pulse,
Starting point is 02:02:05 or noise into the part of the system that controlled the missile's guidance and readiness, knocking them offline. What they couldn't identify with certainty was what had called caused that pulse in the first place. They tested various possibilities, but no definitive source was ever pinned down. So the official conclusion, in very simplified form, was something like an electrical disturbance of unknown origin affected the missiles, which is technically an answer, but not a very satisfying one. It's like taking your car to the mechanic and being told, yes, something happened to it, and it came from somewhere. And then, just about a week later, it happened again. Or at least, something very similar did. On March 24, 1967, according to a former
Starting point is 02:02:51 Air Force officer named Robert Salas, another flight at Malmstrom called Oscar Flight, experienced the same kind of shutdown. Salas was the deputy missile combat crew commander on duty that night, sitting in the underground capsule with his commander, and his account of what happened has become one of the most famous testimonies in UFO history. According to Salas, he received a phone call from the security guard above ground. The guard sounded frightened. He reported that there was a glowing red object, oval-shaped, hovering right outside the front gate of the facility. The guards were staring up at it and didn't know what to do. Salas, who at first thought it might be some kind of prank, reported the call to his commander, and shortly afterward,
Starting point is 02:03:33 according to his account, the missiles in their flight began going offline, one after the other, dropping into the same no-go state as at Echo. Imagine the scene from Salas's perspective. You're a young officer in a steel capsule buried deep underground in Montana, in the middle of the night. Your job is to keep 10 nuclear missiles ready for war. Suddenly a panicked guard calls to say there's a glowing red UFO parked outside the gate, and then, one by one, your missile starts switching off. At that moment, no training manual in the world has a chapter titled What to Do When the Aliens Unplug Your Nukes. For many years, Salas kept this story to himself. Military personnel involved in nuclear operations were
Starting point is 02:04:15 expected to stay silent about what they saw, and talking publicly about UFOs was not exactly a good career move? But in the 1990s, long after leaving the Air Force, he began to speak out. He co-wrote a book about the incidents, gave interviews and later appeared alongside other former Air Force officers at a press conference in Washington in 2010, where several veterans described UFO encounters at nuclear bases. In the decades since, Salas has told his story again and again, and he has become one of the best-known voices on the connection between UFOs and nuclear weapons. To be fair, the Oscar flight story is more complicated than the Echo Flight one. There's much less documentation about Oscar in the official records that have come to light, and some researchers
Starting point is 02:04:59 have argued about the details. Salas himself at first believed he had been part of the Echo event before later concluding that his experience was at Oscar. Skeptics suggest that memories may have blended over time, or that two separate events have been merged into one legend. Supporters point out that official records are often incomplete, especially when it comes to things the military would prefer not to talk about. So the second incident rests heavily on personal testimony. But what testimony it is? Officially, the Air Force has always denied any link between the missile shutdowns and UFOs. There's no official record stating that flying sources switched off the missiles, and no evidence that the Air Force ever accepted.
Starting point is 02:05:40 that explanation. At the same time, as we've seen, no fully convincing technical cause was ever publicly nailed down either, and in the vacuum between those two facts, a legend was born. It's worth remembering what else was going on at the time. The United States Air Force had been running an official UFO investigation program called Project Blue Book since 52, collecting and analyzing thousands of reports. And right around the time of the Malmstrom incidents, the Air Force had just asked the University of Colorado to carry out an independent scientific study of UFOs, led by the physicist Edward Condon. The Condon Committee's report, published at the end of the 1960s, concluded that studying UFOs further was unlikely to produce anything scientifically valuable,
Starting point is 02:06:24 and soon afterward Project Blue Book was shut down. So at the exact moment when some officers in Montana were watching glowing objects hover over nuclear silos, the official position of the government was heading toward, essentially, there's nothing to say. see here. In January 1967, just a couple of months before the shutdowns, the United States, the Soviet Union and the United Kingdom also signed the Outer Space Treaty,
Starting point is 02:06:48 which banned placing nuclear weapons in orbit or on celestial bodies like the Moon. It was one of the first major international agreements to try to keep the arms race from spreading into space. So humanity was at least agreeing not to put bombs on the Moon. On Earth, however, the missiles were multiplying,
Starting point is 02:07:04 and this is where the friendship story enters the picture. For those believe in the Friends, the Malmstrom incidents fit perfectly into everything we've heard so far. Remember, the Friends told Bruno that they made contact early because of the nuclear arms race, and because they feared humanity would destroy itself, just like the six civilizations before it. So what better way to send a message than to show the most powerful military in the world that its nuclear weapons could be switched off at will? In this interpretation, Malmstrom wasn't an accident. It was a demonstration,
Starting point is 02:07:35 A very polite, very precise warning, no explosions, no casualties, no invasion. Just a quiet flick of a cosmic switch, and ten missiles, maybe twenty, suddenly become very expensive lawn ornaments. The message would be crystal clear to anyone who understood what had happened. We can do this whenever we want. Your ultimate weapon is not as ultimate as you think. It's worth noting that there's no evidence in the documents we have that directly connects the friends or the Italian group to Malmstrom. This is an interpretation, not a claim from military records. The friendship believers look at the Montana events and see a pattern that matches what the friend said about their goals. Skeptics look at the same events and see a mysterious but earthly technical failure,
Starting point is 02:08:19 combined with a few scary lights and a lot of later storytelling. Neither side has a smoking gun, only a switched-off missile. But you can see why the idea is so appealing. For decades, ordinary people lived with the knowledge that a few individuals in underground bunkers held the power to end civilization. The thought that someone or something might be watching over those bunkers and could step in to prevent disaster is deeply comforting. The new Subaru Cross Trek hybrid is the most fuel-efficient cross-track yet. That means less time filling your tank and more time filling your day. More court time. More ride time. More lake time. More camp time.
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Starting point is 02:09:42 Concern about your gambling or that is someone close to you. Call 1866-531-2600 to visit connectsontera.ca. It's the friendship story in a nutshell, the fear of self-destruction and the hope that there's a guardian out there who won't let it happen. And yet, if the friends really were strong enough to switch off nuclear missiles on the other side of the world, the next part of the story is all the more tragic, because in the end, the thing that defeats them is not American weapons or Soviet bombs. It's something much smaller and much more ordinary. It's human nature. By the 1970s,
Starting point is 02:10:16 the friendship group has been active for around 20 years. That's a long time for any organization, let alone a secret one built around extraterrestrial friends. People age, their families change, their jobs change. New members join, old members drift away. The early years with their wonder and excitement fade into something more routine, and any group that lasts long enough eventually faces the same test. Can it survive its own people? Italy itself is going through a dark and turbulent decade. The economic miracle of the 1950s and 1960s has lost its shine. The 1970s bring strikes, inflation and political violence so intense that the period becomes known as the years of lead, a reference to all the bullets flying.
Starting point is 02:11:02 Extremist groups on both the far left and the far right carry out bombings, kidnappings and assassinations. And then there's the oil crisis of 1973 when Arab oil producers cut supplies and the price of oil shoots up. The Italian government responds with an emergency measure, car-free Sundays. For a while, private cars are banned from the roads on Sundays, and Italians get creative. People go out on bicycles, roller skates, horse-drawn carriages, and even horseback, riding down empty highways that would normally be packed with traffic. For one strange season, you could see a family of four peddling down the autostrada past a man on a horse.
Starting point is 02:11:39 It was chaotic, it was absurd, and it was very Italian. The mood of the country is tense, angry and divided. In other words, it's a bad time to be depending on an energy source made of trust and friendship. If your retta is produced by people loving each other and retta by people fighting each other, the 1970s Italy is basically a national retta factory. And inside the friendship group, cracks begin to appear. The members start to argue. Personal conflicts, disagreements about how the group should be run, tensions over decisions and responsibilities. Some of this is completely normal for any organisation. We've all seen what happens in clubs, companies or families after many years together. Little anonement.
Starting point is 02:12:20 annoyances become big grievances. Someone feels ignored. Someone else feels overworked. Alliances form. Grudges build. Italians, of course, are world champions at family feuds. There are Italian families where brothers haven't spoken for 40 years because of an argument over who got grandma's fault collection. But the biggest source of conflict, according to the story, is something that sounds like it came straight out of a legal drama. Technology. Over the years, the friends had apparently promised that they would eventually share some of their knowledge and technology with humanity, or at least with their human partners. Imagine what that could mean. Energy sources, healing techniques, devices far beyond anything on earth. It's the ultimate inheritance, and you can probably guess
Starting point is 02:13:04 what happens next. The humans can't agree on who should get it, who should receive the technology, who should control it, should it go to certain members of the group, to a particular scientist, to the Italian government, to humanity as a whole, should it be kept secret, sold, shared freely? Every possible answer creates winners and losers, and as soon as there are potential winners and losers, trust starts to crumble. This is the moment the entire story has been building toward, and it's almost painfully ironic. For 20 years, the group has been doing everything right. They've bought fruit, paid for trucks, kept secrets, and worked together. And then, at the very moment when the reward seems to be within reach, the prospect of that reward is what tears them apart.
Starting point is 02:13:49 It's the oldest story in the book. People can work together for decades in hard times, and then a lottery win breaks the family in a week, and so the technologies are never handed over, not because the friends refuse, but because the humans can't settle their disagreement. The gift stays wrapped on the table, while everyone in the room argues over who gets to open it. As we've seen, in the logic of the friendship story, human relationships aren't just a nice bonus. They're literally the fuel that keeps the friends' technology running. So when the group falls into conflict, the consequences go far beyond hurt feelings. The flow of Uretta starts to weaken.
Starting point is 02:14:25 Every argument, every betrayal, every broken friendship reduces the energy supply that the friends depend on. The bases, the craft, the nuclei, the defences, all of it begins to lose power, and at the same time, the conflict among the humans produces something else. Retta, the energy of discord, the very fuel that the contrari feed on. Imagine a castle whose walls are made of friendship. As long as the people inside get along, the walls are strong. But the moment they start fighting, the walls grow thin, and the enemy outside grow stronger. That's the situation the Friends face at the end of the 1970s.
Starting point is 02:14:59 Their human allies are weakening their defences and powering up their enemies at the same time without even realizing it. According to the story, the Contrari sees this opportunity. With the Friends' bases left vulnerable, the CTR launch and attack. The details are shrouded in the kind of cosmic fog that makes this story so hard to pin down. There are hints of battles, of destruction, of losses among the friends. Some of the friends, according to accounts, do not survive. The war that had been won everywhere else in the universe suddenly takes a devastating turn,
Starting point is 02:15:31 on the one planet where it was still undecided, and then comes the end. In 1978, the surviving friends leave Earth. And this is where our story comes full circle. back to the scene from the very beginning. Those lights rising out of the Adriatic, witnessed by fishermen along the coast and reported in the press, weren't a random wave of sightings, according to the Friendship Group. They were the departure, the farewell, the friends leaving the planet they had tried so hard to protect. It's worth noticing just how much else was happening in Italy in 1978, because that year was already one of the most dramatic in the
Starting point is 02:16:07 country's modern history. In March, the Red Brigades kidnapped Aldo Morrow, a former Prime Minister and one of Italy's most important politicians, killing his five bodyguards in the street in Rome. After 55 days in captivity, Morrow was murdered, and his body was left in the trunk of a car in the centre of the city. The country was in shock. Then, in August, Pope Paul VI died. His successor, John Paul I, died after only 33 days as Pope.
Starting point is 02:16:36 And in October, the Cardinals elected a Polish Archbishop Carol Woitila, who became John Paul II, the first non-Italian pope in more than 450 years. So in the very same October when lights were supposedly rising out of the Adriatic, Italians were also adjusting to the idea of a pope from the other side of the Iron Curtain. It was a year when it genuinely felt like the old world was ending and something new and uncertain was beginning, and the timing is ironic in another way too. In 1977, Stephen Spielberg's close encounters of the third kind was released. a movie that ends with a giant, glowing mothership, landing on Earth, and humans and aliens
Starting point is 02:17:15 finally meeting in a spectacular display of lights and music. It arrived in Italian cinemas in 1978, so while audiences across Italy were watching a Hollywood fantasy about aliens finally arriving, the Friendship Group believed they were watching the real aliens leave. Talk about bad timing. The whole world gets excited about first contact just as the last friends are packing their bags. Before they go, according to the story, the friends leave a promise. They say that they will come back, but not automatically, and not on a fixed date. They'll return if and when human beings learn to truly love one another. It's a simple condition, and in some ways the hardest one imaginable. Not when we build better rockets, not when we invent faster computers, not when we get rid of
Starting point is 02:18:00 nuclear weapons, although that would certainly help. The condition is love, real, lasting, genuine love between people. It echoes one of the most famous commandments in the Christian tradition, the instruction to love one another, which would have been deeply familiar to a man like Bruno and to most of the people in his circle. After 20 years of cosmic adventures, the final message of the friends is essentially the same as the one on the wall of every Italian parish church, and then, just like that, everything stops. The trucks no longer drive to remote fields, there are no more crates of fruit disappearing while the drivers eat lunch, no more water, no more strontium or barium orders, no more mysterious deliveries.
Starting point is 02:18:42 The radio that once spoke with an Abrucese's accent on every frequency goes silent. You can turn the dial from one end to the other, and you'll find only music, news, commercials and static. The blue arcs no longer light up the apartment. The nuclei, if they're still there, have nothing to say. For the members of the group it must have felt like a death in the family. For 20 years the friends had been part of their lives. They'd heard their voices, felt their presence, been part of something they believed was the most important secret on earth. And now the phone line was cut. No calls, no messages, no goodbye visits. Just silence. It's one of the most human endings imaginable for a
Starting point is 02:19:23 story about aliens. There's no final battle in the sky, no dramatic rescue, no triumphant revelation to the world. The friends don't leave because humanity is too weak or too primitive or too dangerous. They leave, according to the story, because a group of people who had everything they needed to succeed simply couldn't stop arguing with each other. That's the tale as the insiders tell it, a warm, sad, strangely moving story about love, betrayal and missed chances. But of course, a story is only as strong as the evidence behind it. And when you start looking at the friendship case from the outside, with a more critical eye, some very uncomfortable questions start to appear. Questions about money, about photographs and about why so many people who are supposedly
Starting point is 02:20:08 part of this secret have never said a single word. The first uncomfortable question is a very simple one. How do we even know this story? For decades, the friendship case was almost completely unknown to the outside world. There were rumours in certain Italian UFO circles, the occasional magazine article, a few whispered names, but the full detailed version, with the castle, the radio, the underground base, the Contrari and the Ureta, reached the public mainly through one book. It was written by an engineer from Abruzzo named Stefano Brecher, a university lecturer in electronics, who said he had himself been part of the group from the 1960s onwards. His book, titled Mass Contacts,
Starting point is 02:20:50 came out in 2007 and was later translated into English. Now, on the surface, An engineer is a great witness to have. Engineers are supposed to be practical people who like numbers, measurements and things that work. They're not typically known for flights of fancy. The stereotype of an engineer is someone who, when you tell him you saw a ghost, asks you what the ambient temperature was and whether you checked the wiring. So when a man with that background says he spent years dealing with extraterrestrials, people pay attention.
Starting point is 02:21:20 But there's a big problem with the timing. By the time the book was published, Bruno Samachicha, the man at the centre of the entire story, had already died. The person who supposedly met the friends at the castle, who received their explanations, who visited their base, and who led the group for decades, was no longer around to answer questions. Nobody could sit him down and ask him to explain the inconsistencies, show his notes, or repeat his account under scrutiny.
Starting point is 02:21:48 Imagine a court case where the key witness can't testify, and everything we know about his testimony comes from a friend who says, trust me, this is what he told me. Any lawyer would have a field day. It doesn't mean the story is false, but it does mean that the most important source is out of reach, and we're getting the tale second-hand, filtered through someone else's memory and interpretation decades after the events. Then there's the matter of the other witnesses. According to the accounts, the friendship group had around 100 members over the years, and a list of about 120 names has been associated with it. That sounds impressive.
Starting point is 02:22:23 120 people who saw a secret alien operation with their own eyes. Surely you'd think with that many witnesses the evidence would be overwhelming. Here's the catch. Out of those 120 names, only four have ever spoken publicly about their experiences. Four, that leaves 116 people who, for whatever reason, have never come forward to confirm the story. Some may have died. Some may want to protect their privacy. Some may have promised to keep the secret.
Starting point is 02:22:51 Some, skeptics suggest, may simply have nothing to confirm. Think about how unusual that is. When ordinary people share an extraordinary experience, at least a few of them usually can't resist telling the world about it. People post about their holiday in Greece, about meeting a minor celebrity in an airport, about a slightly unusual sandwich. And here we have more than a hundred people who supposedly spent years working with aliens, and almost none of them have said a word. It's the quietest mass-sighting in history. In fairness, believers, would say this is exactly what you'd expect. The group was built on secrecy, and its members were chosen precisely because they could be trusted to stay silent. But from a skeptical point of view,
Starting point is 02:23:33 a story that can only be confirmed by people who won't talk is a story that can't really be confirmed at all. And then we get to the photographs. You might remember the images of a domed disc over Milan, taken in the presence of the journalist Bruno Gibaldi, which were published in a major Italian Weekly, and which, according to supporters, showed no sign of tampering. Well, Gibaldi's reputation as a UFO photographer later ran into a very serious problem. According to reports, Gibaldi was caught faking UFO photos in the most wonderfully low-tech way imaginable. A neighbour saw him throwing plates and other pieces of crockery into the air in front of a camera. The neighbour, understandably concerned about a grown man hurling dishes around outdoors,
Starting point is 02:24:18 called the police. And so the secret technique behind at least some flying saucer pictures turned out to be quite literally a flying saucer, the kind you put under a coffee cup. You have to admit there's a certain poetry to it. The whole world spent decades using the phrase flying saucer, and here was a man who took it completely literally. No spaceship, no model on a string, no complicated darkroom tricks, just a bit of household crockery and a good throwing arm. The neighbour probably thought he was witnessing the most dramatic marital argument in the history of the building. Faking photos of supernatural things with simple objects has a long tradition, by the way. The most famous case goes back to 1917 in the English village of Cottingley,
Starting point is 02:25:00 where two young cousins, Elsie Wright and Francis Griffiths, took photographs of themselves playing with tiny fairies. The pictures caused a sensation, and one of their most enthusiastic supporters was none other than Arthur Conan Doyle, the creator of Sherlock Holmes, the most logical detective in literature. Decades later, in 1983, the cousins finally admitted that the fairies were paper cutouts, copied from a children's book and held in place with hatpins. So even the man who invented Sherlock Holmes could be fooled by a couple of kids with scissors. Evidence, it turns out, is only as good as the person who produced it.
Starting point is 02:25:36 Of course, the Gabaldi exposure doesn't automatically prove that every photograph connected to the friendship case was fake. But it does something very damaging. It destroys trust in the witness. If one of the people taking the pictures was known to toss dishes into the air for the camera, it becomes very hard to treat any of his other photos as solid proof. It's like finding out that your star witness in a murder trial once sold fake Rolexes at the train station. Maybe he's telling the truth this time, but you're definitely going to check his watch, and then there's the money.
Starting point is 02:26:06 In 1967, an Italian journalist published an investigation into something with one of the most extraordinary names ever given to a fundraising project. A fund to help wounded alien pilots. Yes, you heard that correctly. The idea apparently was that the friends were fighting a dangerous war, some of their pilots were being injured, and kind-hearted humans could contribute money to help them. According to the journalist's findings,
Starting point is 02:26:29 the money from this fund was actually going to Bruno and people close to him. Just take a moment to appreciate the audacity of that pitch. Most charities ask you to help children, animals, disaster victims or medical research. This one asked you to help injured extraterrestrial fighter pilots from a secret intergalactic war. And somehow, some people apparently paid. It's the kind of thing that makes you wonder what the receipts looked like.
Starting point is 02:26:55 Donation received, Thank you for your support. Your contribution will help heal a wounded pilot from the Confederation. Italy, it has to be said, has a curious place in the history of financial schemes. The man whose name became a synonym for one of the most famous types of fraud, Charles Ponzi, was born in Italy in 1882 and emigrated to the United States, where in 1920 he ran a scheme in Boston promising investors enormous returns and paying early investors with money from newer ones. Ponzi's scheme was about postage coupons.
Starting point is 02:27:26 The fund for wounded alien pilots was about space warriors. The creativity has clearly evolved, but the basic principle seems familiar. People are willing to give money to a cause they believe in, especially if it comes with a promise that feels bigger than life. This revelation also casts a different light on something we saw earlier. Remember that the costs of the whole friendship operation fell almost entirely on the human members. At the time, inside the story, this was explained as a test of loyalty and a way of generating Uretta. From the outside, it can look like something else, a system in which a large number of people give time and money,
Starting point is 02:28:03 while a small circle at the centre benefits, and there are other trends. and there are other troubling details. According to reports, the group also circulated small bottles of a red liquid said to offer protection against the contrari, the CTR, in other words, a kind of spiritual or cosmic shield in a vial. For people who genuinely believed that soulless enemies were waging war on Earth, the idea of a protective potion would have been very appealing. For a skeptic, it looks a lot like the classic problem of someone selling protection
Starting point is 02:28:33 against a danger that only they can see. The most serious episode, though, comes decades later. In 1997, an Italian court handed down a conviction for fraud in a case involving an elderly couple who had been promised healing through extraterrestrial means. The idea that a sick or frightened elderly couple might be persuaded that aliens could cure them and pay for the privilege is far less charming than rooftop photos or talking radios.
Starting point is 02:28:59 It's the point where a strange story stops being just strange and starts to hurt real people. At this point, it's fair to ask the obvious story. question, if there's all this evidence of fraud, fake photos and money flowing in suspicious directions, why did so many people believe, and why did some of them keep believing even after the friends were gone and the criticism started to pile up? Psychology has something interesting to say about this, and the answer comes from a study that took place in exactly the same era as our story. In 1954, a woman in Chicago named Dorothy Martin announced that she had received
Starting point is 02:29:33 messages from beings on a planet called Clarion. Yes, the same imaginary planet we heard about earlier with Truman Bithurum and his glamorous alien captain. Martin claimed that the world would be destroyed by a great flood on December 21st, 1954, and that a flying saucer would come to rescue her and her followers. Some of her followers quit their jobs, gave away their possessions and waited. A group of psychologists led by Leon Festinger quietly infiltrated the group to study what would happen when the prophecy failed, the date came, no flood, no saucer, and instead of abandoning their beliefs, many of the followers became even more committed. Martin announced that their faith had been so strong that it had saved the world. Fessinger and his colleagues published the results in 1956 in a book
Starting point is 02:30:18 called When Prophecy Fails, and it helped develop the famous theory of cognitive dissonance. In simple terms, when people have invested a huge amount of emotion, time and money into a belief, admitting it was wrong becomes incredibly painful. So instead of changing the belief, the mind often finds a way to explain away the evidence. This doesn't mean the members of the friendship group were foolish. Quite the opposite. Many of them were educated, successful and thoughtful people. But the more you give to something, the harder it becomes to walk away.
Starting point is 02:30:49 If you've spent 20 years of your life and a large part of your savings on the friends, the idea that it might all have been an illusion is not just an intellectual problem. It's a personal earthquake. So when you look at the friendship case from the outside, the picture becomes much darker and much more complicated. The key witness is dead. The book arrived decades later. Almost all the supposed witnesses are silent. One of the photographers was caught throwing plates.
Starting point is 02:31:15 There was a fund for wounded alien pilots, bottles of anti-contrary liquid, and a fraud conviction involving an elderly couple. For many researchers, that's more than enough to close the file. and yet, strangely, that's not where the story ends. Because there's one element of the friendship case that even the harshest critics have trouble dismissing. It's the way the people who lived it talked about it. In their later years, Gaspari de Lama and his wife Morella, the practical couple from Milan who'd been at the heart of so many strange episodes,
Starting point is 02:31:47 agreed to speak about their experiences. By then they were elderly, with decades of memories behind them, and people who met them, including sceptics who didn't believe, leave a word of the alien story, notice something striking. When the Delamas talked about the friends, they didn't sound frightened, bitter or defensive. They sounded warm, tender, almost nostalgic, like people remembering beloved relatives who had moved far away. That warmth is hard to fake over many years and many conversations. You can rehearse a story, you can polish the details. But the soft look in someone's eyes when they talk about people they loved and lost is something else.
Starting point is 02:32:25 Whatever the dilemma's experienced and whatever actually happened in those years, the emotion seems real. For them, the friends were not a con, a joke, or a nightmare. They were a genuine source of love and meaning. This is exactly what makes the friendship case so different from most other alien stories. Think about the typical alien narrative from the 1960s onward. One of the most famous early cases happened in September 1961 when an American couple, Betty and Barney Hill were driving home through rural New Hampshire at night. They later reported seeing a strange craft and losing a couple of hours of time. Under hypnosis, a few years later, they described being taken aboard a ship and subjected to medical examinations by strange beings. Their story,
Starting point is 02:33:11 published in the 1966 book The Interrupted Journey, became the template for the modern alien abduction story. In the following decades, thousands of people described similar experiences, paralysis, bright lights, cold examinations, missing time and a lingering sense of fear. In those stories, the aliens are usually distant, clinical and frightening. They don't explain much. They don't seem to care about human feelings. They take, they probe, and they leave.
Starting point is 02:33:38 It's a vision of extraterrestrials as emotionless scientists and humans as lab animals. The friendship story couldn't be more different. The friends laugh, talk, greet people by name, scold them gently, share meals in a sense and apparently care deeply about human relationships. They're not interested in our bodies, they're interested in our hearts. Even their greatest enemy, the contrari, is defined by the absence of love. In the friendship world, the central question isn't whether aliens will harm us. It's whether we'll learn to love each other before it's too late.
Starting point is 02:34:09 As we saw earlier, this places the friendship case firmly in the family of the 1950s contacti movement, alongside the Americans who described meeting beautiful, peaceful space brothers, worried about our nuclear bombs. It's the same basic formula. Beings from beyond come not to conquer or experiment, but to teach, to warn, and to guide. The difference is that the friendship version is more communal. It's not one man in the desert with a special message.
Starting point is 02:34:35 It's a whole network of people bound together by friendship. So why were these stories so powerful in the Age of Nuclear Fear? Why did so many people, in different countries, tell such similar tales about gentle visitors bringing a message of peace? One of the most interesting attempts to answer that question came from the Swiss psychiatrist Carl Gustav Jung, one of the founding figures of modern psychology. In 1958, Jung published a book about flying saucers. He didn't argue that they were definitely alien spacecraft, and he didn't dismiss them as pure nonsense either. Instead, he suggested that the saucer had become a modern myth,
Starting point is 02:35:12 a powerful symbol for a frightened world. He pointed out that the round shape of the saucer resembles a mandala, a circular image found in many cultures that represents wholeness, order and harmony. In a world split in two by the Cold War and threatened by the bomb, Young argued, people were projecting their longing for unity and salvation onto the sky. It's a fascinating idea. In earlier centuries, people looked up and hoped for angels or saints. In the atomic age, many people looked up and hoped for spaceships. The costume changed, but the hope didn't. Someone up there is watching. Someone up there care. Someone up there cares. Someone up there might save us from ourselves. Hollywood tapped into the same longing.
Starting point is 02:35:53 In 1951, the film, The Day the Earth Stood Still, told the story of an alien visitor named Clatu who lands in Washington, with a powerful robot and a stern warning. Humanity must stop its violent ways and its dangerous weapons or face the consequences. He's calm, intelligent, and ultimately compassionate. In other words, he's exactly the kind of alien that the contactees and the friendship group described. Audiences loved it, and it's still considered a classic. It's hard to imagine a movie that captured the mood of the era better, and the mood of the era really was grim. Back in 1947, a group of atomic scientists created the Doomsday Clock, a symbolic clock showing how close humanity is to global catastrophe, with midnight representing the end.
Starting point is 02:36:40 In 1953, after both superpowers had tested hydrogen bombs, the clock was a lot of the clock set to two minutes to midnight. When you live under that kind of shadow, a story that says you're not alone, that someone wiser is watching, and that love can still save the world, isn't just entertainment. It's a lifeline. That's why the friendship case, whatever you think of its truth, is historically fascinating. It's a mirror of its time. It combines the Catholic culture of miracles, the terror of the atom, the new excitement about space, and the very human desire to belong to something bigger than yourself. It turns cosmic war into a story about friendship, and turns the fate of the world into a question of whether people can stop quarreling.
Starting point is 02:37:24 In that sense, it's less a story about aliens and more a story about us. And here's the part that's genuinely moving. Even today, according to reports, some of the last surviving participants and their followers still gather in a field near the Adriatic coast. They go back to the places connected to the friends, and they wait. They look at the ground and hope that one day it will open again, just like it did for Bruno when the tall friend looked at the earth. They hope the corridor will appear, the friends will step out, and the long silence will finally end. You can see this as sad, of course, elderly people waiting in a field for aliens who, according to most evidence, were never there. You can see it as the last chapter of a story
Starting point is 02:38:04 that was built, at least in part on deception and exploitation. And those criticisms are serious and important, especially when real people lost money and trust. But you can also see something else. People who, after decades, still hold on to a memory of love. People who still believe that the condition the friends gave them that we must learn to love one another is worth waiting for. Whatever happened in those fields and apartments, it gave them a sense of purpose, a feeling of being chosen, and above all, a group of people they felt deeply connected to. So what do we do with a story like this. You don't have to believe in the underground city beneath the Adriatic. You don't have to believe in radios that read minds, German shepherds with alien implants or energy made from friendship.
Starting point is 02:38:50 You can look at the evidence, the silence of the witnesses, the plate-throwing photographer and the fraud conviction, and conclude that this was a mixture of imagination, faith, wishful thinking, and sometimes plain old swindling. That's a perfectly reasonable conclusion. But at the same time, you can still respect the people who lived this story with open hearts. People like Gaspar and Morella, who spent their lives believing that the universe was fundamentally kind and that love was the most powerful force in it. They weren't looking for fame or money. They were looking for meaning, and for a while they believed they'd found it. Many of us would be lucky to feel that kind of warmth about anything for so long. In the end, maybe the real mystery of the friendship case isn't whether
Starting point is 02:39:34 the friends existed. Maybe it's why a story about love, loyalty and co-operative. felt so desperately necessary to people living in the shadow of the bomb. And maybe the friend's final message, whoever or whatever delivered it, is one that doesn't need aliens to make sense. Learn to love each other, and the world might just survive. Honestly, as far as cosmic advice goes, that's not bad at all. And now, I want to hear from you. If the ground in your local park suddenly opened up and a three-meter-tall stranger
Starting point is 02:40:02 invited you downstairs, would you go? Tell me in the comments, and if you enjoyed this journey into one of the Stranger Stories of the Cold War. Give the video a like and subscribe so you don't miss the next. So your decaf oat milk extra but not piping hot, four pumps of caramel, no sugar, small latte, and a large cup. That will be 10 minutes. No worries.
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