Close All Tabs - OGs of Tech: A Latino Engineer in Silicon Valley

Episode Date: July 23, 2025

In a field obsessed with the future, sometimes it’s worth looking back. OGs of Tech is a new occasional series from Close All Tabs that looks beyond the billionaires to spotlight the often-overlooked innovators who helped build the digital world we live in today. One of these OGs is Felidoro Cueva, who grew up in a rural village in the Andes mountains of Peru, and immigrated to the US in 1964 — during the height of the Civil Rights Movement and the Vietnam War. He went on to become one of the first Latino engineers in Silicon Valley.  And he’s also our producer Maya Cueva’s dad. Maya takes us through Feli’s journey — from how counterculture experimentation influenced his fascination with technology to the discrimination he faced in a startup world where Latino representation was nearly nonexistent. Guests:  Felidoro Cueva, a pioneering Latino engineer in Silicon Valley Further reading:  Only The Moon/Solamente La Luna — directed by Maya Cueva and animated by Leah Nichols  Meshugganismo — Maya Cueva, Latino USA Read the transcript here Want to give us feedback on the series? Shoot us an email at [e-mail] You can also follow us on Instagram Credits: This episode was reported and hosted by Morgan Sung. Our Producer is Maya Cueva. Chris Egusa is our Senior Editor. Jen Chien is KQED’s Director of Podcasts, and also helps edit the show. Sound design by Maya Cueva and Brendan Willard. Original music, including our theme song, by Chris Egusa. Additional music from APM. Mixing and mastering by Brendan Willard. Audience engagement support from Maha Sanad. Katie Sprenger is our Podcast Operations Manager. Ethan Toven-Lindsay is our Editor in Chief. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Support for KQED podcasts comes from Star One Credit Union. Give your savings account the love it deserves. When you keep your money with Star 1, you keep more of your money. Star 1 Credit Union in your best interest. So good, so good, so good. Everything you want for summer is at Nordstrom rack stores now and up to 60% off. Stock up and save on the brands you love like Vince, Sam Edelman, Frame and Free People. Join the Nordy Club to unlock exclusive.

discounts, shop new arrivals first, and more. Plus, buy online and pick up at your favorite rack store for free. Great brands, great prices. That's why you rack. From KQED. So on this show, we often talk about how people interact with new technology in surprising ways, like attacking Waymo's, or using VR to memorialize their loved ones. But we also think it's important to look back at how we got here today. And one way to do that is to acknowledge what we're calling the OGs of tech, the often overlooked people who paved the way for this digital age, like the technicians who kept semiconductor equipment running, or the female switchboard operators who pioneered workplace equality. It's more than a history lesson. Understanding the people who built this industry and the challenges they faced,

especially if they weren't straight white men, helps us better understand the stories we cover today. One of these OGs is Felidoro Kueva, who grew up in a rural village in Peru in the Andes Mountains. Fellidoro, who goes by Feli, for short, immigrated to the U.S. in 1964 during the height of the civil rights movement and the Vietnam War. And became one of the first Latino engineers in Silicon Valley. He's also our producer, Maya Kueva's dad. This is Close All Tats. I'm Morgan Sung, tech journalist, and your chronically online friends. here to open as many browser tabs as it takes to help you understand how the digital world affects our real lives. Let's get into it.

Our producer Maya is going to lead this deep dive. Hey, Maya. Hey, Morgan. So I'm really excited to hear this story because it seems like the ones I grew up hearing. Both our dads immigrated to the U.S. And my dad also got his start in tech many, many years ago. And Maya, you've recorded your dad's story before, right? Yeah, I actually interviewed him for an animated documentary.

I directed called Only the Moon about his immigration story. And I also did a piece for Latino USA about my family's Latino and Jewish roots. But honestly, it wasn't until I started working on Close All Tabs with you and Chris that I got really curious about what it meant for him to be a pioneer in tech, especially as a Latino man in an industry with very few Latinos. Yeah, this feels especially relevant now in this political climate. Totally. As we've seen, this is a time of the very much.

increasing anti-immigrant actions. And honestly, I think it's really important to acknowledge how immigrants have contributed so much in this country and specifically to the tech innovation that we now take for granted. Honestly, I feel like this is a chance to tell one of those stories. And it's wild that I'm now a producer on a tech show. It sort of feels like he paved the way for me to even have this opportunity. My dad worked on foundational computer technology, like microchips and transistors. I can't wait to hear about it. So I'm going full passenger princess for this episode,

and you're going to drive us through the story. Ready? Let's do it, Morgan. Take it away, Maya. Let's open our first tab. Meet my dad, Felidoro Cueva. I'm originally from Peru, and I've been in the U.S. for most of my life.

And I have two daughters. and while my daughters is Maya Cueva, and she's interviewing me right now. Do you feel like you know why I'm interviewing you? My feeling is that you're having some kind of podcast about technology and, you know, maybe brown native people. Sure. Okay. As you can hear, my dad likes to make jokes. I'm sitting with him at my parents' house in Berkeley, California.

It's the home I grew up in. My dad is sitting low in a chair. I'm hoping doesn't squeak as he moves. As he talks, his hands move with him. And I notice they are now wrinkled with age. I think about how much he's been through, worked on, and survived with these hands. Growing up, he was, and still is, always the one repairing and fixing the tech in the house. When I was younger, I don't think I really understood just how different my access to technology and

resources were from his own when he was growing up. So I asked him about it. I grew up in a very rural environment in which there were no cars, no machines available. In the time when I grew up, there was no idea of what computers are. We used cows to till the soil, you know, bulls to till the soil and all the stuff. So all the time, I basically grew up in a farm. I, you know, I had never seen a car in my village. Cars, came when I was already a more or less a teenager. That's what cars started showing up in my area. My dad says that when he was young,

the lack of technology around him actually kind of made him afraid of machines, especially cars. They seemed so powerful, so hard to control. He had this recurring dream. He would hitch his mule to a car and let it pull him while he sat behind the wheel. So that was a very comfortable dream, actually,

because then I could do whatever was supposed to be done with cars, but I didn't have to deal with the machinery. That fear of machines eventually turned into fascination many years later after he left Peru. Do you feel like you remember the first time you heard about a computer?

What was the first time that you used one? Can you remember? I bought my first computer, actually. It was a PC with the lowest memory you could have. And when I bought this computer, I got so concentrated in a program that the computer had, which was called Basic. And I started doing computer graphics with it, and I was totally fascinated by what you could do with one pixel, controlling what pixel in the screen. And then making a complete program from there. So we actually have a complete image moving in the screen.

you and the machine become one entity in a sense for the time you're immersed on it. Okay, clearly my dad is nerding out over this stuff. But how did he go from being techphobic to being totally enchanted by technology? That's a new tab. Feli's immigration story. My dad was born in 1944

and grew up in a small village in the mountains of Peru called Ayabaca. He was a curious kid and very studious. Though he was afraid of some machines, there was one piece of technology that he couldn't resist. It was a shortwave radio, and it opened up a whole new world to him. Here he is describing it in my documentary, Only the Moon. I had a shortwave radio which broadcast news from all over the world. July 23rd.

BBC, Voice of America, Radio Abana, Radio Moscow. What I remember hearing was the different news, the politics, the fights they were having. Voice of America would call a Cuba communist. In the Western Hemisphere at Ivana, the context of one, the radio Banna would call them aggressive imperialist. Basically, the radio exposed me to the world outside of myself, outside of the village. He soaked up that knowledge eagerly. It left him ready for an adventure. In my 30 years of high school, I got started a thirst for knowledge.

I became first in class, I started learning English, and I would talk to myself, I talked to plants, animals in English. I realized after English, I realized that I really like languages. Because I mean, I learned French here. I was learning Russian for a while because I were working for Russian engineers in the US in the beginning of my career. To me, that's why you liked computers so much. It was like a language in a cell.

Oh, definitely. I think that's definitely a link there. It's a communication, language like everything else. My dad's fascination with learning English in Peru would pay off. During his last year in high school, an anthropology student from the University of Chicago came to my dad's school on a research trip. My dad's teacher had him help the visiting student translate newspaper. from Spanish to English.

My dad and the American student got along so well that they created a bond. After some time in Peru, the student returned back home to the U.S. My dad continued on with his studies, and then... One day when I was actually just finishing school, he's sending a telegram saying that if I want to come to the U.S., there would be an opportunity for me to come. And basically by school, they got together with the church and just, you know, just collect a bunch of money for me. And it was almost like a fate kind of experience.

What was it like for your family? Well, my mother, when I was ready to come, my mother was crying and crying and crying, you know. But my father was, you know, like sort of similar to my behavior, sort of stoic about it. My dad arrived in the U.S. in 1964. He was only 18 and first settled in Chicago in the suburbs, staying with the family of the student who visited his village. It was winter and so foreign to him. I was not even sure where I was going to stay or go.

It was for me a big adventure, just the fact that I was coming of a different society. Part of that adventure was becoming immersed in a completely new culture and way of living. But the mindsets of people he encountered surprised him. My father began to notice that even though the family he stayed with had a TV and access to information, they seemed pretty misinformed. He even used the word brainwashed.

I realized that lots of the information that people were receiving was mainly from television because they were, you know, even the newspapers, they were too tired to read him after they came from work. So the television kept basically give you no information at all. I called them the cave man with technology. And that was my first classification of this society. What do you mean by that? In terms of social behavior, social consciousness,

it seemed like they were very just controlled by the media, by the media and media they had. There was no information. It was very advanced society in terms of technology, but yet socially, to me, didn't seem to match. In a lot of ways, I get what my dad is saying. Even today, it can often feel that even though we have so much access to information in the U.S., misinformation is rampant, leaving little room for critical analysis.

At the time he came in the early 60s, social and political awareness was just beginning to grow more widespread. And as he started studying and working, his world was also. expanding. I started working in the University of Chicago as a laborer basically doing a photo duplication. It was basically putting newspapers, magazines, and all that into microfilm. And probably that was where my exposure to the world became, because I had to photograph all the newspapers and magazines from different parts of the world. So that was my total education I got from that. Then I started looking for ways to study. I started taking courses first for English. I should take a course in YMCA, you know, because that's where all the foreigners were

learning the language. And that was a really good experience because you get to talk to people from all over. After that, I went to Illinois Institute technology. I started taking courses there because I could take them at night because I was working during the day. So I just started taking chemistry, physics, math, algebra, basically I started an engineering curriculum without realizing that was doing. This was now the mid-60s. The Vietnam War was escalating, and the anti-war and civil rights movements, as well as other protest movements, were in full swing.

And he embraced this counterculture by expanding his mind in other ways. When we come back from the break, my dad goes on a trip. Support for KQED podcasts comes from Star One Credit Union. Give your savings account the love it deserves. When you keep your money with Star One, you keep more of your money. Star One Credit Union in your best interest. Ugh, you also having trouble with scammers trying to poke holes in your dam? We need a phone plan that stops these pests at the perimeter.

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Living in Chicago in the 60s changed my dad dramatically. He grew out his hair and beard. kind of resembling a young Che Guevada. All the movements start taking place from all the students, everybody is involved. Also in the price of the movement itself, there are lots of people experimenting with basically what they call drugs, you know. What they call drugs? Yeah.

Here's another clip from my documentary, where he describes his first acid trip experience. The telephone has become gigantic. I could not pick up the telephone. The television was in the background, and Nixon was on television. It looked like he was a complete puppet. Concerned to all Americans and to many people in all parts of the world,

the war in Vietnam. The fact that I was introduced to that, it opened my mind because I came in from a village. I had no concept of the world outside of me. And when I came to that experience, my mindset got changed. dramatically. My dad says that being exposed to hallucinogens

inspired him later when he started experimenting with computer graphics on his first PC. When you're in drugs, you could, you know, you're entering those kinds of worlds, but it's not real. But when you actually get into computers by controlling an image on the screen, you could create those images yourself.

Start creating all these images, these graphics, which move in the screen, all the stuff. Cool. So you could, like, make it tangible. Like, the mind-altering became tangible because you got to, like... Computer graphics became at the end, the fact that that experience from all that time in the 60s move people to so many, you know, ways of communication, really, to creating movies, to creating all these graphics and all these virtual worlds.

And, you know, that's my take of the whole thing. It does make me sad. that as my dad was creating new experiences in the U.S., the distance from his family in Peru only grew. For a long time, I resented that we didn't have much connection with that family growing up. While my dad went back to visit over the years, his new life in the U.S. took over.

And his village became more foreign as he began breaking into the tech industry. My dad's first job in tech in Chicago was at a company called Guardian Electric, where he tested electromagnetic, switches, the little components that help turn machines on or off. It wasn't glamorous, but it got him in the door of the industry. His boss was a Russian engineer, and although they spoke different languages, they created an unspoken bond. It was like broken English for both of us in a sense,

but he was a very sharp, a baccadical engineer, actually. After that job, my dad moved to a subsidiary company of AT&T, where he tested integrated circuits and microchips for early computers. These are the foundation of modern computing. But the computer at the time was more like it was a refrigerator size with very little memory, so it's just very simple little programs to test it. You know, I learned a lot because it was fun, you know, just learning something totally different while you get paid, you know, which is important to get paid. you know, which is important

and to get paid is important. At this point, it had been 15 years since moving to the U.S. My dad had broken into the tech industry. He learned some of the engineering basics and even started programming. But he decided it was time to move because there were more opportunities for tech jobs in the Bay Area. I decided to just leave Chicago.

So after I work at AT&T, in the year I was 79, I came to California. In California, he reconnected with my mom, who he had been friends with in Chicago. They fell in love and eventually

got married. It was the tech boom at the time, and California was a world full of startups. In 1981, he started working in Silicon Valley doing tech support for a company that made networking hardware to connect PCs and Macs.

Apple had only been around for a couple of years at that point. Imagine a board that would plug into both machines and allow them to talk to each other. It was a way to share data and information. He spent a lot of time answering phone calls. So I changed the name from tech support to psychotech therapy. Why did you say that? So people would call, especially people from New York, they would call and they were very upset at me that. that was

and she was my fault you know and they started screaming at you first they want to sue the company because things are now working the way they're supposed to

they heard my accent they were asking for an expert they went to an expert because my accent was I guess not good enough for them or whatever How did that make you feel

that they were asking that? I mean discrimination I experienced a lot from Chicago just by being in the street. More than the police would stop me constantly for driving. I would get so many tickets all the time because they would just stop me

for walking in the street. They wouldn't give me a ticket for walking the street, but they always questioned me what I'm doing there. I guess, you know, take support when I got introduced to that process of being discriminated for speaking,

an accident. They would call me, they asked me for an expert, who knows how to solve the problem. So I said, tell me what the problem is. I had to find the right expert for you. As if we had a big company of people dealing with it. And then I asked other questions and say, have you tried this? And I would solve the problem. So I pretend there was lots of experts working. You were like, I'll go get an expert and it was just you? The expert was me, you know, but since they would not believe that that was the expert. What was it like to be, first, like, a Latino man in tech in Silicon Valley? Did you see a lot of people who looked like you?

Coming to California, I was probably the only Latino working in tech. But, you know, but there were lots of Latinos doing the cleaning or stuff and, you know, working in the office. of, you know, that, but not in the technology side I work with. At least one time, this other engineer who was, you know, from the U.S., and was white, obviously, but he sent me to open some boxes. And in fact, I had a degree, and he didn't have a degree even, you know, but what happened is he confused me with a guy who opens the back, you know, who basically who does the labor work in the office.

And so I told him, you know, is he busy or why why does he open his own boxes? And he was shocked. I would talk to him that way. And then he soon realized that he made a mistake and he tried to apologize, you know. But that's the first experience I had with somebody who just thought that would be a laborer and just not engineer at all. just because you were brown. Yeah, not have to do with being brown, of course. How did it make you feel that he said that to you?

Well, I just felt sorry for him for not really understanding anything because that's one problem people have is that they have exposure to other cultures. It bothers me that my dad had to be the bigger person in this instance and have empathy for the engineer who was racist towards him. But I understand that in his experience, he was able to change people's minds just by talking to them, a skill that is hard to come by. I had experience in which people, after I talked to them for a while, they actually change their minds about how they feel, how they see the world. My dad has always been an optimist. It's representative of the optimism that has been part of the Silicon Valley tech scene from the very beginning.

That idea that innovation can save the world. But it's not lost on him how much technology has changed and how it's changed us. I think that's time for a new tab. Say let's open a new tab. Let's open a new tab. Can you say us versus the machine? Us versus the machine. It sounds like us.

Us versus the machine. My dad worked in Silicon Valley from 1981 to 2008. In the late 80s and early 90s, my older sister and I were born, and were lucky enough to grow up and stay in Berkeley because of his years working in the tech boom. But he says that despite being in such a rapidly expanding field, he always felt like an outsider. In my time, I was involved just in working.

I felt like a high-tech migrant worker. I was making good money, but that's how I felt. I thought that was more like an outsider within the system. You said a high-tech migrant worker? What does that mean? Well, it's just, you know, basically I'm Latino, so there were lots of migrants working in the houses, building in the farms and everything else.

But that was basically a Latino guy with an engineering degree. So I felt I was a migrant worker myself, even though, you know, I was at seats and all that. but I still had the same feeling, you know, because I was never really part of the society of technology. His experience echoes some of my own conflicted feelings about Silicon Valley. I grew up hating how the tech industry gentrified my hometown in the Bay Area at large, and also angry at how my father was discriminated against.

At the same time, my family has benefited from the growth of that industry, which my dad played a foundational role in. He got to see the world expand in more ways than one. I was basically a part of a revolution without realizing it. There was a revolution of the 60s. And then the other revolution was without really thinking about it was actually technology because everything was changing. Now we would start working from the rudimentary technology

from vacuum tubes to transistors to the integrated. the chips, the microprocessors, then computers, now AI. So, you know, I've been involved in all that stuff without actually even thinking about it. Does it ever make you frustrated to, like, learn the new technology? Well, I can't learn. It's too much. Yeah, I prefer to just take a walk. So, yeah, Morgan, that's my dad's technology story. I feel like I learned so much.

What do you want people to remember from this episode? What can we learn about the industry we cover today by looking at the past? Honestly, I feel that my dad's journey and the sacrifices he made really shapes the person I am today. I mean, I feel like a lot of children of immigrants can relate to that. But I do think it's important to recognize that the new tech stories we cover don't happen in a vacuum. And tech innovators aren't all white men. Obviously, things in the tech industry have changed a lot since your dad first started. But like we've talked about on the show before, there is a real backlash against social

progress or so-called wokeness right now. Some of Silicon Valley's most vocal leaders believe that it holds back innovation. But stories like your dad's push back against this whitewashed narrative of tech history. Exactly. It's honestly inspiring to me that my dad was able to start a new life where everything was foreign. He was a part of tech innovation and was also able to raise his political consciousness and the consciousness of others around him. And before interviewing him, I didn't even know he helped test some of the early models of computers we now use today. It really feels full circle.

He was working on early tech and now I get to report on it with you. Yeah. And it's also so interesting that he was there at the very beginning and he still feels out of touch with the latest technology. Yeah. Well, I should mention that he actually has gotten into making AI videos. Oh no. Yeah, like the one he sent to the family group chat of my mom flying through the air.

My dad does that too. Dads just can't resist the AI video. Does he really do that? Yeah, my siblings and I have to like yell at him and explain the environmental impact, but another deep dive. Yeah, it was kind of creepy, but I'm glad he gets to have a creative outlet in tech. I love that. So, Maya, are you ready to close these tabs? Yeah, let's close all these tabs.

Close All Tabs is a production of KQED Studios and is reported, and hosted by me, Morgan Sung. Our producer is Maya Kueva. Chris Aguosa is our senior editor. Jen Cheyenne is KQED's Director of Podcasts and helps edit the show. Original music, including our theme song, by Chris Agusa. Additional music by APM. Sound design by Maya Cueva and Brendan Willard.

Mixing and mastering by Brendan Willard. Audience engagement support from Mahas Sanad. Katie Springer is our podcast operations manager, and Ethan Tov and Lindsay is our editor-in-chief. And we want to send out a special thanks to founding producer Jorge Olivares, who helped define and create the show at its very first stages. We'll miss you, Jorge. Support for this program comes from Be Wrong Who and supporters of the KQED Studios Fund. Some members of the KQED podcast team are represented by the Screen Actors Guild, American Federation of Television and Radio Artists, San Francisco, Northern California Local.

Keyboard sounds were recorded on my purple and pink, dust silver, K-84. wired mechanical keyboard with Gatoron Red switches. If you have feedback or a topic you think we should cover, hit us up at close all tabs at kQED.org. Follow us on Instagram at close all tabs pod or drop it on Discord. We're in the close all tabs channel at discord.g.g slash KQED. And if you're enjoying the show,

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