Good Inside with Dr. Becky - What Boys and Dads Really Need with Richard Reeves

Episode Date: June 10, 2025

Gender roles are shifting—and as they do, the needs of boys and men are changing too, impacting how we raise boys and understand modern fatherhood. In this conversation, Dr. Becky and Richard Reeves explore how evolving expectations around masculinity and fatherhood are leaving many boys and dads without the support they need, and why rethinking those roles is key to helping all kids—and parents—thrive.Get the Good Inside App by Dr. Becky: https://bit.ly/4fSxbzkFollow Dr. Becky on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/drbeckyatgoodinsideSign up for our weekly email, Good Insider: https://www.goodinside.com/newsletterFor a full transcript of the episode, go to goodinside.com/podcast.Today’s episode is brought to you by Skylight Calendar. As parents, the mental load is real—to-do lists, doctor’s appointments, sports practices, work events, birthday parties… Should I keep going? If your family is anything like mine, it can feel like there are a thousand things to remember and your brain is running on overdrive. What if I told you there's a way to bring a little more calm and clarity to your chaotic, always-changing family schedule? Meet Skylight Calendar. It’s a central, easy-to-see touchscreen with clear colors, so everyone in your family can stay in the loop. As someone obsessed with efficiency, it almost feels like magic how seamlessly it syncs with all of the calendars you're already using—Google Calendar, Apple Calendar, Outlook, and more. I truly see this tool as your partner in sharing the mental load with your kids AND partner. And because life doesn't stop when you leave the house, Skylight offers a free companion app. You can add or update events, check off to-do lists, and stay in sync with your family no matter where you are. Another great feature: If you're not completely thrilled within 120 days, you can return it for a full refund. Ready to say goodbye to calendar chaos and hello to a more organized and connected family life? Right now, Skylight is offering our listeners $30 off their 15-inch Calendars. Just go to skylightcal.com/BECKY for $30 off. This offer expires December 31, 2025.Today’s episode is brought to you by Sittercity. We talk a lot about support at Good Inside—emotional support, community, not having to figure out parenting on your own. Sometimes, you also need logistical support. Like, someone to watch your kid so you can make that meeting, run those errands, or finally catch up with a friend. That’s where Sittercity can be a really helpful tool. Their platform gives you a trusted way to find sitters who are kind, experienced, and show up when you need them. You can read reviews from other parents, message sitters directly, and set up interviews—all in one spot. If you’ve been meaning to find a sitter but didn’t know where to begin, this is going to make it feel a whole lot easier. Go to Sittercity.com and use the code “goodinside" for 25% off the annual or quarterly premium subscription plans.Today’s episode is also brought to you by Coterie. I remember when my own kids were learning to use the potty… so many mixed emotions: pride, stress, excitement, and a lot of mess. It really is a process. That’s why I’m always looking for tools that make it feel easier. Coterie gets that. They’ve created thoughtful products that support how kids actually learn, like The Flush Wipe and The Pant. The Pant is a diaper-training pant hybrid with a stretchy, tabbed waistband for easy pull-down or diaper-style changes. It’s absorbent enough to make it the only product you need for day and night. You can pair The Pant with the new Flush Wipes. They’re soft, durable, and designed for independent wiping - made with 99% water and 5 clean ingredients, safe for sensitive skin. Plus, they're sewer and septic safe, so they disintegrate like toilet paper when flushed.  ****Think of them like a dynamic duo, designed to grow with your kid through this process and make potty learning feel a little better for everyone. Get 20% off your first order with the code DRBECKY20.

So here we are, it's right around Father's Day, and I've been having so many conversations with so many men about fatherhood, about what they feel it's like to be a dad right now, the kind of dad they want to be, the kind of dad they never had modeled, their concerns for their sons, masculinity, the whole thing. And you know, I thought I'm the perfect person to bring on this pod to talk about these themes. Today I'm talking to Richard Reeves. Richard Reeves is a scholar, he's a writer, he's the author of Boys and Men, he's a 2023 TED Talk speaker about this topic.

And one of the things he's always said when I've heard him speak is none of his research about boys is in any way meant to insinuate that girls, that women, don't have their own set of struggles or kind of topics to explore. We know at Good Inside, two things can be true. And we've noticed there have been real shifts around boys in education. There are real struggles they're having around kind of developmental tasks. And there's just differences in expectations around what a boy looks like at age five and

what a girl does, not in broad strokes. But there are some patterns. And that's exactly what we'll be talking about today. Boys, fatherhood, masculinity. And this is a conversation I just know is going to make you think different things. And so my ask for you right from the start is listen, reflect, see what resonates, and then share this with a dad to start a new type of conversation. I'm Dr. Becky and this is Good Inside. We'll be back right after this. I just really can't stop thinking about fatherhood and masculinity.

And then I was talking to my team and of course I thought, well, I don't even want to have any of these thoughts without bouncing some of them off Richard and hearing all of your thoughts. So even education early on, I know you said that in younger years, right, boys tend to lag girls in early language and self-regulation, right? And that school in a way isn't really set up for even young boys. So can we start with those younger years? What do you see there? Yeah, you're right. I mean, boys are about a year behind in terms of language development and pretty much all the way through. Starting in pre-K, but you see that gap like all the way through. It starts to narrow a little bit towards the end of high school. But there's

just this developmental gap, right? Boys much less likely to be ready for school, much more likely to be excluded. If you look at the GPAs, high school GPAs, two-thirds of the top 10% are girls, two-thirds of the bottom 10% are boys. So throughout the school system, the gender gaps are pretty strong. And it does seem to be partly a developmental thing. It's just that I don't think the school system is quite ready for boys who aren't quite as developed as the girls. Also, we've seen a massive decline in the share of male teachers, fewer boys playing sport. And so, like, I don't know,

obviously there's no conspiracy here. It's not like a cabal of feminists decided to sort of screw the boys by changing the school system. That's not what's happened. I think that series of changes though have actually led to the schools just being a bit more female-friendly than male-friendly. And to some extent, if I can go one step further, is to say that there's a danger that in schools, the boys get treated like malfunctioning girls. The implied default is the female one. And so if we make that like a little more concrete, I'm just thinking something I hear from parents all the time, who often do have a boy and a girl in their family is I swear my kid going to kindergarten, my son, it looks nothing like my daughter.

My daughter was getting dressed. My daughter was not only putting on her own jacket was zippering her own jacket. She knew to get her water bottle. She put it in her bag. She was ready to read. She was ready to focus across the board, Dr. Becky, like I just, I can't even believe my son is going to kindergarten, like what's wrong with him? So, from your perspective, unpack that. Yeah, what's wrong with him is a really interesting, I mean, the number of parents that I think are

thinking, why aren't you more like your sister? Honestly, I have three sons and I thought, why aren't you more like your sister? They didn't have a sister, I invented one, I have three sons and I thought, why aren't you more like your sister? They didn't have a sister. I invented one. I had an imaginary daughter that I could compare themselves to, compare them to really unfairly. And so, it is just a fact that in terms of these non-cognitive skills, that's what the social scientists call it. It is these organ, it's just what you said.

It's those organizational skills, it's deferring gratification, it's planning. The boys are just way behind. And the thing is that when you point that out to parents or when you educate, and I've got charts showing those developmental gaps, their reaction is always, well, duh, tell me something I didn't know, Mr. Expert. But I'm like, okay. So, this is blindingly obvious to everybody. And yet, it doesn't affect our education policy at all.

We don't think about when we start boys in school, we don't think about maybe they're gonna need more room to run around, we don't think about the fact they're gonna need more scaffolding and support to girls. How can something be so blindingly obvious and yet not affecting the way we think about education? Yeah, but I also think I have found curiosity, generosity, and understanding. They do help us remove kind of the assumption of fault. Because I think what is wrong with my kid,

what is wrong with me? Those are the first two reasons we always have for a problem, right? Okay, what's wrong with my kid? Why can't he just learn how to write a letter? It's not that hard. What is wrong with my son? Why can't he sit in the chair? Why is what is wrong with my son? Why can't he put his water bottle in his bag or zipper up? Or what's wrong with me? Like, how did I mess up this kid compared to my first kid? Or what's wrong with me? How do I have a kindergartener who can't even get his shirt on? And the truth is, I find and you and I are a good pair because you look at stuff a little probably more macro. As a psychologist, I'm focused on what's happening in an individual way. But as soon as we go to what's wrong with my kid or what's

wrong with me, we lead with a lot of reactivity and anger and blame where we're enemies. And shame as well. There's a lot of shame involved. I have shame as a parent. I have to then prove in this moment that my kid can zipper his jacket, because to some degree I've said that means I'm a good parent. And now forget helping my kid or helping them build that skill, I'm just kind of living in my own psychological world. And so saying, wait, because I find it very helpful to say to parents,

you're right, your son is not able to do those things now. Like, let's put fault to the side, your or your kid. You're totally right. Where a kid, I have a thing who can't make a layup. I just don't know anyone who like sends their kid to their room to make a layup or takes away dessert to make a layup or even lectures them to make a layup.

Even if they say, but other kids can make a layup at age whatever, okay. It's just not useful to help your kid make a layup. Right. Yeah. I mean, actually, just on a very personal level, my deepest regrets as a father were my the moments when I just didn't have enough patience and I did just like what what is wrong with you? Kind of my and I was one son, one of my sons in particular, just getting himself organized to get to school, like getting his shoes on and getting

his stuff. And I'd be trying to get him to school. And the other son was really anxious about being late to school and they're both at the same school. And so he's screaming and I go, and I needs to get to work. And I just like, and that number of times I even like threatened, tended to go to leave without him. I thought that'll teach him. Just yelling at him. And I just like, and that number of times I even like threatened to go to leave without him. I thought that'll teach him. Just yelling at him. And I just look back on that and just like see myself in those moments and think I just

didn't have enough grace. I just didn't have enough patience. There wasn't anything wrong with him. He just wasn't ready to take on some of those tasks. And I just should have recognized that and scaffolded him better. I just said, I'm going to help you do your shoes. And eventually he's going to learn to tie shoes one day. He's going to, and it's okay.

And I just had him on like a timetable, like a schedule of like what you're supposed to be able to do at certain points. And again, I wasn't even comparing him to a sister, except the imaginary one I mentioned earlier. And so my lack of grace and patience around just the different developmental trajectories is something that that's my deepest regret as a dad.

I really got that wrong. And I just want to say two things in response. First of all, I've done all those things and continue to do some of those things. So that's number one. There's no one who doesn't at times lead with their own frustration. And I understand kids' development in a decent way. And I still, it's not like that thought is accessible or helpful to me all the time. The other thing that I actually think is really important just for anyone to know is leaving

the house in the morning is something that's disguised as a simple task. And it is actually a full heart, full body, full mind transition for everyone because it is a transition. You're leaving comfort of home to something unknown for your kids. So there's a lot of emotions. You have your time schedule,

you have their time schedule. It's just, I actually think it's helpful to think about leaving the house in general or even remembering to bring your water bottle. These are all things that have sequences to them, like that, again, nobody goes from not being able to make a layup to making a layup. First, you have to learn, you know, how to dribble. First, you have to learn where the ball goes. All of those things, leaving the house, remembering your water bottle, doing your homework as soon as you get home. There's a lot between not being able to do those things and being able to do those things and being

able to do those things. And maybe boys need even more scaffolding. They do. They do. That's the thing. We need even more. We need to show even more grace to the boys. Okay. I want gonna talk about feelings. Okay, I want to talk feelings and boys. I mean, I have a million questions that I can ask you about it, but let's just start there. Feelings, boys, fathers, where does your mind go?

Where do you want to jump in? It goes to boys express their feelings a bit differently on average. They have feelings. They might be a little bit different, but it's more how they express them. Two things come to mind. One is that boys and men on average are much better expressing their feelings shoulder to shoulder rather than face to face

when you're doing something else. It's as a byproduct of something else. And understanding that difference in preferred communications, it was a big unlock for our kids. It's like, don't stare them in the face when they come home from school, give them protein and interrogate them.

My wife would do that. She'd like stare at them. Like, how was your day? What did you learn? And they're like, oh, no, no, no. But later on, we'd be driving somewhere or watching soccer or video gaming together or something shoulder to shoulder. And they'd be like, ah, this, this weird thing happened today with this girl today.

You're doing something else. And that, that translates into adult life too. Like think about fishing, think about golf, think about road trips, think about men going to school, right? Just it has to, if it's too direct, it actually kind of puts boys and men off. And so like allowing it to emerge in that as part of another institute. And I think fathers are really part of that because I think fathers understand that intuitively, which is like, take your kid for a hike, take him out, don't force it, don't, don't adopt a more feminine way of communicating. Like if you go to

a coffee shop, now you just walk into any coffee shop anywhere, and it's full of women staring at each other. Great. I have no problem with that. It's just a style of communication that they're very comfortable with. Whereas men would just, this is you probably know, but it's a walking, talking therapy works really well for young men, etc. So that's where I think it will emerge or come out. But the other thing is like, again, don't treat men like malfunctioning women when it

comes to the way they express their emotions. Exactly. The thing that you're side by side made me really think about and I want you, I want to talk about this kind of whole body of work. I would say I've done called, I call it deeply feeling kids, right? Which these can be girls too. But to me, these kids, they whenever they feel vulnerable, right? Which, yeah, something bad happened at school or I feel frustrated

or I was surprised, even a good surprise, but I just didn't expect it. Vulnerability sits really close to shame because they feel things in such a way that it feels like so much. And for these types of kids, I always say we often approach kids with a front door strategy, which I think for you is like looking at them directly.

Hey, I think you're upset that this thing happened at school and it's kind of like looking at them. And for deeply feeling kids, it just feels like too much. They're actually so worried about what they'll see in your eye. They're overwhelmed and then they just reject you, right? And they're like, they put their hand over their ears even, right?

And for these kids, what we kind of have come up with is a whole thing I call side door strategies where they still need someone in their house. They don't actually wanna be alone, but if you use the front door, they're gonna slam the door in your face. And then you think, oh, they don't want to talk, but actually then they're just alone in their house.

And they're also just as overwhelmed as anyone else. And all these side door strategies are very similar. Same thing, driving in the car. You will hear the amazing things when you're driving in the car. Your kids lying in their bed and their head is in the pillow. And all of a sudden they're telling you a story and you're just like, oh, I hope I don't ruin this moment.

Just stay here, Just let it go. Right? Exactly. While distracted or even, and I'm so curious what you think about this and maybe this is also related to fatherhood. I find for deeply feeling kids, one of the most powerful way that we can kind of enter into their house with them is actually by starting with a kind of vulnerable story about ourselves.

Because in that way, we almost say to them, you're not so alone or bad or whatever after all, because I've been there too. So maybe again, your son gets, you know, doesn't make the soccer team. And if you say, oh, you upset, they're like, I'm not upset, whatever, right? Or something like that.

It's just too, like you would say, like straight on coffee shop. Vers versus if I say to my kid, look, you know, not right away, maybe the next day, look, I don't even think I ever told you, but I don't know. I tried out for my pop one or team four times before I made it or I made the team cause everyone made it, but I didn't play for four seasons. And I don't know how to just say, that felt really bad. And then you might even

move on yourself. Like, oh, do you want a snack? Because you might just sense from them, like, that's all they can titrate in that moment. But I do find with all my kids deeply feeling or not, my daughter, my two sons, like a story from me really helps kind of get some of that emotional connection way more than, you know, a direct question. It's really interesting. Of course, as they get older, they get better at decoding that, right? So they're like, oh, I can, I know why you're telling me this story, right?

When they become more sophisticated. And I think you can own it. Yeah. Well, I know that happened to you. I mean, there's no, it doesn't have to be such a secret. Yeah. I think that's right. I mean, it's one of these.

So one of, with one of my sons, sometimes it became clear. My wife would sometimes notice it before me during this period where she'd just say, yeah, he needs to go up a mountain and build a fire. And so, we'd go up a mountain and build a fire and camp out and stuff and then stuff would come out. And it was very interesting because my wife would sometimes say to me, it's like, he's really, I know he's really struggling with X or he's struggling with this. So, if you could talk about that and I was like, honey, I'm not going to talk anything. Like you don't, like I'm, I have no agenda here. If it comes up while we're building the fire or doing something, that's fine. But like, he will feel it coming if I've got an agenda. I am going agenda-less. I am just spending the time

with him, right? And like trying to control the agenda, you have to let them come to you, ensure you can share those vulnerabilities. But I really like that because it changes the dynamic. It's less intrusive. It also, I think that for the best world in the world, I'd be very interested to know what you think of this. I worry quite a lot that among a lot of young kids today, young people today is that they're actually picking up the anxiety of their parents about them. Right. And so, and I think a really important role for a parent is to actually be concerned, be aware and so on, but also to kind of communicate confidence and optimism. Right. I think at some level, if kids start to feel like, well, if mom and dad are worried about me, then I should be worried about me. I should be worried about me. Right. Whereas like you're already worried about yourself if you're young. And so if mom and dad then say,

oh my God, oh my God, oh my God. Right. And so I sometimes, I sometimes think there's a bit of this danger of like almost like a boomerang anxiety thing going on in homes where it's like the kids pick up the anxiety of the parents about the kids and then the kids get anxious about that. And the kid, then the parents have got something to be anxious about. And so we almost like, we lose that sense. So maybe I'm just speaking very autobiographically here of just like your parents communicating to you a strong degree of confidence that things are going to be OK.

Right. Not not complacency, but confidence. Does that make sense? That makes so much sense. So two things come to mind. Number one, I think to me, the essence of kind of good inside in terms of just like how we Support parents to support their kids is this kind of metaphor of being on a plane, right? Where if you're on the plane and you're freaking out about turbulence, there's three things you could hear from a pilot first is You know, and then you're like, oh my goodness, you're not even again like you're not even scared of the turbulence You're scared that this person is your leader, right?

So that's kind of that anxiety. I think what can feel equally bad is a pilot saying you're making a big deal out of nothing Like stop freaking out. I've got this and then some of what you're like, but I am freaking out So like just stop freaking out doesn't like really feel like a great intervention And actually do you not even realize it's turbulent? Because I want you to know this. And I think we call this like being a sturdy pilot, which is your ability at once to see someone else's feelings as real and to not be overwhelmed by them.

Because there's nothing as scary as your overwhelming feelings being contagious. And I think that's kind of saying, kind of what you're saying, I believe you, but I also believe in you. I believe in us. I believe in your competence. So, hey, I hear you screaming.

I get it. You're scared. And I've flown this plane before. I know we're gonna get to Los Angeles safely. I'm gonna get off the loud speaker and go do my job. And then you're like, oh, yes, right? And I think what you're saying, you know, to extend it further is when our kids

are anxious about something, and let's even go back to this not making the soccer team, oh, I'm the worst soccer player, we can communicate anxiety to them in a lot of ways where we're thinking we're helping. Because one way is, oh, my goodness, you're right. You're the worst soccer player and your friends are going to make fun of you and tomorrow is going to be awful. Like that would be bad. I don't actually think many parents say that.

But in thinking we're helping, we often are actually communicating our anxiety, and then you're actually communicating to your kid that you don't believe in their competence to cope by saying, you know what, right now, I'm going on the internet and I'm finding three other soccer teams that are right around,

and we're gonna go out to the tryout tomorrow, and you're trying to quote, make them happy. We're gonna solve the problem. Yeah, right. Yeah. Right. Which also makes a kid feel like, oh, I was anxious about not making the team, but my parent is even more anxious.

Like they don't like this version of me that didn't make soccer. And so I guess I should never feel this way either because it's just bad. And so I think again, that sturdy pile, it's like, look, I get it. This stinks. And you're right. It might be hard to go to school tomorrow because all your friends made the team. And you are going because I know you're the kind of kid

who can even get through a bad day. I feel like there's so much at stake with fatherhood now. And there's such an opportunity in this world where if traditionally or maybe just stereotypically fathers have been better at the like pull up your bootstraps, stop crying and stop making a big deal out of this. The power of combining that intention with look, I get you're upset. That makes sense. And it won't feel bad as it does,

won't feel as bad as it does today in a couple of days. But that first part, that like emotional connectedness as even part of the equation. I'm curious where you see that living in fatherhood or just maybe more generally how you're thinking about kind of modern fatherhood or reinvigorating fatherhood in 2025. Yeah, I mean, there's a couple of things.

One is I think to make sure that fatherhood matters almostvigorating fatherhood in 2025? Yeah, I mean, there's a couple of things. One is, I think, to make sure that fatherhood matters almost regardless of the romantic relationship between the parents. I think that that's a problem, which is if the parents separate, you somehow like the father's basically benched. And I think that's a huge problem. But also, so just actually what you just said about the role of dads, I've been at different stages, I've been very influenced by the work of Anna Machin, who's an evolutionary anthropologist at Uxbridge, which is a book called The Life of Dad, which is a really great book. And one of the things that she shows in that and her subsequent work is that dads seem

to be particularly good at this stage of life in early adolescence and so on, where you're kind of getting out of the nest, right? Where you're starting to kind of take some risks, develop relationships, explore the world, you know, spread your wings and so on. And that does seem to be something that actually just, that seems to have a little bit of a magic around that. And a bit of risk, a bit of kind of controlled risk-taking. One of the things I learned, actually from Sarah Herdy's book is that dads get an oxytocin spike like moms do, but they get it from a different activity. The oxytocin is the mums do, but they get it from a different activity. Oxytocin is the love hormone, as you and probably most of your followers will know, but you

get the love hormone and mums get it from cuddling, in particular, that real skin-to-skin contact. And dads can get a bit of that, but they get the biggest oxytocin spike from throwing their kid in the air and catching them and doing stuff with them, like some controlled risks and putting them out in the world. And then as they get adolescent, so dads are quite good at helping the kids like grow and go outwards, right? Get out of the nest.

And so, and I find that, I mean, of course he's on average is not true for all, but I think that's quite a beautiful thing. Yeah. Because actually a lot of dads, how you've been, how you feel about it, a lot of dads, and I'll include myself in this, don't have the same kind of bonding experience with really young kids that moms do. And sometimes in modern society, we can be made to feel a bit bad about that because we're like, why do I not feel the same way that mom does, right? Even though there are good biological reasons why we don't, it's incredibly important that we're

still useful and we're doing everything. But I think I hear a lot of dads sort of beating themselves up over the fact that they're quite, they're not feeling it with this little baby, right? But I've heard from reassurance that first of all, that's fine. Everyone's different. But by the way, give it 10 years, 12 years, and you are going to be incredibly important throughout. But like you wait till those teenage years come and you're going to be magnificently important to your kids. It takes a long time to raise kids well, right? It's not just about the first few years. Yeah, definitely.

I think that makes me think about a couple things. Number one, I didn't know that a lot of moms have this oxytocin spike around the cuddling. You're saying about the connectedness. And dads in a way have, in this research, oxytocin spikes around kind of in a way, the like separation moment. Like even throwing a kid up is like, look, you're your own person. You are not me. It's like maybe adventure, but there's separation. And a bit of risk, a bit of play, play and risk and distance. Play and risk and distance and seeing their own kid as their own person. That's what play and distance like, oh, I am not you. Where some moms, you get this oxytocin spike from almost like a

confusion of like, what is me? What is you? We're just so together. And I would just say, both is very important. In fact, I think it's so helpful for just everyone to know. Independence comes from dependence. When you have, which, which doesn't mean, you know, you should just stay next to your parent all the time, but what it means is when you feel like you have a secure base, when you feel like you have someone you could go home to, when you take risk, when something doesn't go well, after you've explored, you can come back and recharge. When you've built that security, you are able to be independent and go do things. I think it's actually the whole difference between whether you are an to be independent and go do things. I think it's actually the whole difference

between whether you are an explorer, which is what we want our kids to be, or a nomad. We do not want our kids to be nomads when they're teens. That is a horrible, anchorless feeling. But when you know you have a secure base to come home to from a connected place, you can try a lot of things, even really small things. Like I take the math bonus problem and I try it

because I just know if I don't do well, my parents will understand. I can take on these adventures. And so the only other way I would think about is I often think of all these strategies and people say to me often like, you have the best strategies or the best scripts and we all need a little thing to get us through the moment.

But as our kids get older, the only strategy we actually have is connection. Like if you're not connected to your kid, they won't take your advice. They won't do the things you want them to do. It's just, there's nothing between us. And so to me, those early years, like we have to just make those deposits of connection.

So when our kids are older and we want them to be more independent and we want them to make good decisions, like the thing we're really banking on is connection. And so I think one of the things I hear from dads a lot when their kids are younger is, okay, I feel guilty. Like I don't love the baby stage. I don't even like the toddler stage. And I say, is, okay, I feel guilty. Like, I don't love the baby stage. I don't even like the toddler stage. And I say, that's fine. That's fine.

And not liking certain stages is very different from whether or not I have the skills to stay connected enough to my kids during this stage. So I can be that rock star father when I'm 13. So resentment and distant hasn't built up so much that there's just not enough between us. Right, exactly. I mean, the nice thing about the connection metaphor too, is that it's not like you do the connecting. It's not like putting a outlet and plug into an outlet, right? I'm going to connect with you now as they get older. It's, it's two

way, right? They're connecting with you and you're connecting with them, but you've laid the foundations for it. So they want to connect with you. And I think this, I like your analogy of the foundation and then exploration and going out and it's such a difficult balance because you want to keep your kids safe and you want them to be happy but you also want them to go out. And one of the studies, so I think that dads are especially important for boys but one of the studies I found that made a big impression on me was that the mental health of women in their 30s was quite strongly predicted by the quality of their relationship with their father when they were 16.

And I think that's intuitive. I'd love to know what you think about this kind of intuitive like you're a young woman, you're figuring out how to be in the world, like how do you negotiate like your dating, you're figuring that out. It's like, what's your relationship with your dad like? And it feels to me is like, like there's something like a dad and his teenage daughter. Like if she has a great relationship with a dad. I sort of feel that is going to set her up well, right, for dating and kind of life, et cetera, which would show up decades later. Yeah, I haven't read that research and like all research, I'm sure there's nuances

around it, right? Which, of course, doesn't mean you have a bad relationship. You're destined for poor mental health. That's true of all of these things that we're talking about, right? Of course, of course. They're all nuggets. So I guess I think at any age, at any age, I guess I think, I really think kids are asking us a lot of the times, like, am I real? I know that sounds so existential, but am I real? Do you see me? I have interests that seem to be different than your interests. Can you show me your interests in my interests so I know inside that they're real and important or could be real and important? I am really upset about this breakup. And if you tell me, oh my goodness,

you're not going to marry this person anyway, get over it. Kind of what you're really saying to me is you're not real. You shouldn't trust your feelings. And at the end of the day, our mental health is all about whether we trust our feelings and we think they're real and we have coping skills for them. And so it doesn't surprise me in the teenage years, which are an explosion of feelings and development and so many difficult stages that how your parent is able to show up for you. And again, not fall into your abyss, but also recognize that you are in a hole. It's not an abyss and it is a hole and that is real. And they see a way that you can get out of the hole, but they also see that you're in it.

That in a way you are building a lot of coping skills that you're gonna need for the rest of your life. When again there's a breakup or there's you get fired or you know all your friends move out of your town and so yeah I think I think we learn our coping skills through our relationship with our caregivers. Like no one teaches them in a book and you don't get gifted them when you turn 18. They happen Yeah. Shona Rhys They happen in relationship. And so, yeah, I think that there, I also think there probably is a striving. If you do have a parent who can be a little more distant, there's a striving for that person to, I want them to be

connected. I want them to really be in a relationship with me in this, you know, difficult stage. Jason Vale That's really hard to say though, isn't it? You think about it because you've used distance then almost as a, as well as a positive thing, but a degree of healthy distance, especially as they get older is incredibly important. First of all, it's very important, I think for kids not to feel like their parents' wellbeing is overly affected by how the kid is doing, right? I've seen that so often where they're kind of, the kid is also knows that their parents happiness is intrinsically wrapped up. That's an unfair

responsibility to put on the kid. But I also do think there's something to be said for like a good relationship requires distance. Otherwise, it wouldn't be a relationship, right? And you said earlier that whole kind of like melding thing is actually to have a relationship with someone requires distance. Like it's like a sign app. So it has't be a relationship, right? As you said earlier, that whole kind of like melding thing, it's like actually to have a relationship with someone requires distance. It's like a synapse that has to be a gap for the relationship to build across. And as your kids get older, that distance is necessarily going to be wider in many ways because they're more independent. And therefore, the kind of tissue that connects across it becomes even more important too. Their relational skill and the willingness to let go and the willingness to

encourage appropriate risk-taking. I really worry that a lot of dads now kind of feel like as I said, they're malfunctioning moms or they're not connected enough or they're failing or because they're not with their mom anymore, they don't matter anymore. And I just think that such a dangerous thought. Every dad matters to every kid. And that message I think has got it and cannot be said too loud. I think that's exactly right. And look, I think we can kind of end on that note

because I think that that's something we're aligned on, that dads matter. I think now also just more than ever, our kids are faced with so many things. They're bombarded by so much more on the internet, so much more is coming at them. And so having a mom, having a dad who can help you in very different ways through all of those

kind of turbulent moments, it really, really matters. And the other thing you're saying, I think is inspiration. I think, you know, if I'm a parent, whether I'm a mom or dad, and I find myself a little bit more oriented toward togetherness, and I have a little bit more anxiety about separation, I can be inspired by my partner and say, hey, what would it be like if I had 10 more percent of my partner? And if I'm a parent who's like, look, my kid's going to be fine.

Like that's also inspiration of, okay, what if I had a little bit more of my partner? What if I was the one who went to my kid at night and just said, hey, sounds like a tough day. I'm here if you want to talk. And maybe they don't. But again, I think the experiments we all do as parents to kind of moderate our starting points, it's not because that's better or worse, but that's also really nice for our kids to see us once in a while in a slightly different role, you know, than they're used

to. Yeah, exactly. Because the danger of these differences we're talking about is that they become traps, right? And that you end up doing this, I end up doing this. You got to go against that grain sometimes too. But it's a team and also think it's not just within the family, it's kind of within society too. I'm moved by the findings that dads matter

for other people's kids as well. Like it takes a village to raise kids, but some of the villages do have to be fathers. Exactly. I could not agree more. Well, Richard, thank you so much and look forward to more discussions with you and really appreciate all your work here. So one thing I want to say before we end today is a lot of these topics might feel uncomfortable. One of the things I always tell kind of the good inside world is discomfort is a sign we're doing something new, not a sign we're doing something wrong.

Our brain might say, oh, this is weird. This is awkward. I don't know about this. That is actually our brain's way of telling our body, I'm doing something different. I've never talked about this before. I've never reflected about this before. I've never reflected about this before. It's kind of like skiing down a ski slope you've never been on before versus one you've gone down,

I don't know, 900,000 times. It's going to feel awkward. And so if there's something about this episode where it's kind of bringing up feelings, you're like, oh, I don't know about this. That makes sense. I know we can't change the hard, but we can change the alone.

And so if this topic feels a little hard, what a great reason to share it with someone else, to talk about it, to text about it. I can't wait to see what comes up. And the other thing I just wanna say directly, my heart's beating as I come out with this, is I really want to do a better job of inviting dads into the good inside community, into the good inside movement, into conversation. I want to know what's on your mind. I want to know what you want to hear about. I want to know about moments that even I say things,

and you're like, Dr. Becky, that is so not relevant for me, or that has a huge assumption, or that's just not the way I would ever say it, or how I'd want to think about it. I have a lot to learn here, and I want to do that learning. So please drop a comment. Please email us. Please respond to our newsletter and tell us what's up.

I want to be on this journey with you, and I can't wait for what's ahead.